1291:
1326:
1282:
1308:
1317:
211:
1264:
742:
1273:
1290:
1325:
970:, where she died a few days later, possibly after seventeen days. Another account states that a local Shia figure by the name of Musa ibn Khazraj al-Ash'ari brought Fatima to Qom and hosted her during her final days. There are also some reports that Fatima was poisoned, though they are not mentioned in
978:, a history of Qom written in 988 by Hasan ibn Muhammad Qomi. Fatima thus died in 816, or in 817. Her age at the time is not known with certainty but she must have been at least twenty-one years old, considering that her father Musa was last imprisoned in 795 until his death in 799.
1057:
Fatima was buried outside of Qom in a plot of land owned by Musa al-Ash'ari, which became a public endowment later. The house where she stayed, the site of her prayers, became a mosque outside of Qom. Her shrine has been developed by successive generations, patronized by the
1138:), the ninth Imam in Twelver Shia. The city thus became an important center for Shia activity and learning from the eighth century onward, reaching a peak in the tenth century, until it was destroyed in 1224 during the first
1150:
found the city in ruins in his visit in the fourteenth century, but it reemerged during the
Safavid period. In particular, the shrine was further developed in 1519 by Shah Bigum, the daughter of the Safavid king
1127:
Qom owes its status as a pilgrimage destination to the shrine of Fatima al-Ma'suma, and pilgrimage to her shrine is encouraged in traditions attributed to her brother al-Rida and his son
1916:
1173:) financially supported the shrine and built there a school and pilgrim hospice. He did so partly to encourage pilgrimage to Shia shrines within his territory just before the Sunni
1911:
1016:. Fatima is revered as the "embodiment of the feminine virtues" in Twelver Shia, where she is recognized for piety and religious scholarship, and often compared to
1181:, where the shrines of most Shia Imams are located. The theological law school there was founded in 1533, known as Feyziyya after the Safavid-era philosopher
997:'the immaculate, the infallible'). It is uncertain when and how she received this title but she was already referred to as such in an order issued by
1640:
1936:
1817:
1281:
770:
1876:
1842:
1798:
1752:
1701:
1650:
1921:
1028:
377:
235:
1196:, the royal residence of the Qajars, who further developed the shrine and buried their dead in the city. The Qajar-era jurist
1775:
1725:
1207:) particularly helped raise the academic profile of the seminary school. Another phase of growth began with the arrival of
1307:
571:
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881:
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372:
365:
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123:
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1864:
Fāṭima von Qum : ein
Beispiel für die Verehrung heiliger Frauen im Volksglauben der Zwölfer-Schia
1676:
1316:
1826:
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407:
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615:
1809:
927:), possibly poisoned, a significant group of his followers accepted the imamate of his son
1163:
917:
787:
663:
508:
38:
417:
1636:
1174:
728:
630:
566:
498:
97:
1869:
Fāṭima of Qum: An
Example of the Veneration of Holy Women in Twelver Shia Folk Beliefs
1890:
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1049:
and performs miracles, such as healing those with incurable diseases.
459:
447:
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167:
1346:
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963:
561:
537:
133:
1252:
1143:
1013:
955:
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877:
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163:
1102:). The current imposing complex, however, largely dates to the
1248:
967:
873:
111:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1693:
The Shi'ite
Religion: A History of Islam in Persia and Iraḳ
1457:
1455:
966:. There she asked to be taken to the nearby Shia town of
1770:. Vol. 2. MacMillan Reference USA. pp. 561–2.
1791:
1218:) in 1921, who founded the present theological center (
834:'Fatima, the immaculate'), was the daughter of
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1219:
931:, brother of Fatima. In 816, al-Rida was summoned to
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
971:
954:
revolts. Fatima then set out to join his brother in
822:
801:
1041:). She is revered by Twelvers as a saint who would
880:. She is revered for her piety in Twelver Shia and
174:
159:
139:
129:
119:
104:
80:
75:
49:
34:
1835:Encyclopedia of Islamic civilisation and religion
1745:Encyclopedia of Islamic civilisation and religion
986:Fatima is known by the title al-Ma'suma (Arabic:
1546:
884:in Qom is a major destination for pilgrimage.
1917:9th-century people from the Abbasid Caliphate
1192:). Qom later benefited from its proximity to
912:. When Musa died in 799 in the prison of the
868:in about 816 to visit her brother al-Rida in
764:
8:
1912:9th-century women from the Abbasid Caliphate
992:
829:
56:
1768:Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world
950:in 817, possibly to mitigate the frequent
771:
757:
186:
31:
1607:
1558:
1509:
1461:
872:, but fell ill along the way and died in
1717:Shi'a Islam: From Religion to Revolution
1570:
1521:
1485:
1446:
1419:
1407:
1395:
1363:
1303:
1259:
189:
1818:Center for Iranian and Islamic Studies
1793:. Vol. 3. ABC-CLIO. p. 273.
1677:"QOM i. History to the Safavid Period"
1497:
1383:
864:. A young Fatima left her hometown of
7:
1619:
1595:
1473:
1177:established in 1638 their rule over
27:Daughter of the Seventh Twelver Imam
987:
815:
791:
42:
1812:[Shrine of Lady Ma'suma].
958:but fell ill along the way in the
25:
1012:), the fifteenth-century king of
1937:Burials at Fatima Masumeh Shrine
1789:. In Jestice, Phyllis G. (ed.).
1324:
1315:
1306:
1289:
1280:
1271:
1262:
740:
209:
1814:The Great Islamic Encyclopaedia
1766:. In Martin, Richard C. (ed.).
1245:The shrine of Fatima al-Ma'suma
1168:
1157:
1119:
1108:
1097:
1086:
1075:
1064:
1003:
941:
922:
1:
1837:. Routledge. pp. 531–2.
1735:Hulmes, Edward D. A. (2008).
1690:Donaldson, Dwight M. (1933).
1007:
946:), who designated him as the
84:
1720:. Markus Wiener Publishers.
1230:
1213:
1202:
1187:
1133:
1036:
1022:
851:
840:
572:Bektashism and folk religion
1816:(in Persian). Vol. 1.
1762:Ja'fariyan, Rasool (2004).
1675:Drechsler, Andreas (2009).
1660:Drechsler, Andreas (2005).
1352:Holiest sites in Shia Islam
1220:
972:
823:
802:
1953:
1224:). Among his students was
1162:), while the Safavid king
892:Fatima was born circa 790
856:), the seventh and eighth
152:Najma (or Tuktam) (mother)
1871:]. K.Schwarz Verlag.
1785:Ruffle, Karen G. (2004).
1747:. Routledge. p. 43.
1140:Mongul invasion of Persia
1861:Sadeghi, Zohreh (1996).
1642:A History of Shi'i Islam
876:, located in modern-day
719:Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim
124:Fatima al-Ma'suma Shrine
1922:9th-century Arab people
1825:Starkey, Janet (2008).
1808:Sajjadi, Sadiq (2019).
1209:Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi
935:by the Abbasid caliph
816:فَاطِمَة ٱلْمَعْصُومَة
792:فَاطِمَة بِنْت مُوسَىٰ
654:Khadija bint Khuwaylid
241:Succession to Muhammad
43:فَاطِمَة بِنْت مُوسَىٰ
1682:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1667:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1010:1438 – 1467
982:Place in Twelver Shia
747:Shia Islam portal
373:Verse of purification
220:Beliefs and practices
1810:"آستانه حضرت معصومه"
1018:Fatima bint Muhammad
810:, commonly known as
669:Umm Kulthum bint Ali
348:Mourning of Muharram
278:Mourning of Muharram
1831:Netton, Ian Richard
1741:Netton, Ian Richard
1183:Mohsen Fayz Kashani
1027:), daughter of the
684:Ruqayya bint Husayn
591:Extinct Shi'a sects
311:Days of remembrance
298:Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage
293:The Four Companions
1897:Family of Muhammad
1685:(Online ed.).
1670:(Online ed.).
1622:, pp. 129–30.
1610:, pp. 259–60.
1331:The shrine in 1955
1237:Iranian revolution
1148:Hamdallah Mustawfi
1080:), as well as the
504:Atba-i-Malak Bohra
431:Branches and sects
378:Two weighty things
1561:, pp. 258–9.
1226:Ruhollah Khomeini
1129:Muhammad al-Jawad
996:
833:
824:Fāṭima al-Maʿṣūma
821:
812:Fatima al-Ma'suma
806:), circa 790–816
800:
781:
780:
714:Fatimah bint Asad
679:Fatima bint Hasan
408:Battle of Karbala
185:
184:
18:Fatimah bint Musa
16:(Redirected from
1944:
1882:
1848:
1821:
1804:
1787:"Fatima Ma'suma"
1781:
1758:
1731:
1707:
1686:
1671:
1656:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1450:
1444:
1423:
1422:, pp. 60–1.
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1234:
1232:
1223:
1221:hawza-ye elmiyye
1217:
1215:
1206:
1204:
1191:
1189:
1172:
1171: 1588–1629
1170:
1161:
1160: 1501–1524
1159:
1137:
1135:
1123:
1122: 1789–1925
1121:
1112:
1111: 1501–1736
1110:
1101:
1100: 1378–1503
1099:
1090:
1089: 1374–1468
1088:
1079:
1078: 1037–1194
1077:
1068:
1066:
1040:
1038:
1026:
1024:
1011:
1009:
1005:
994:
991:
989:
977:
945:
943:
926:
924:
855:
853:
845:) and sister of
844:
842:
831:
828:
826:
820:romanized:
819:
817:
805:
803:Fāṭima bint Mūsā
795:
793:
784:Fatima bint Musa
773:
766:
759:
745:
744:
724:Ruqayya bint Ali
699:Fatima bint Musa
213:
204:
198:
197:
187:
114:, Abbasid Empire
86:
70:
67:
64:
61:
58:
44:
36:Fatima bint Musa
32:
21:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1860:
1856:
1854:Further reading
1851:
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1801:
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1778:
1761:
1755:
1734:
1728:
1710:
1704:
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1674:
1659:
1653:
1645:. I.B. Tauris.
1637:Daftary, Farhad
1635:
1631:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1577:
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1547:Ja'fariyan 2004
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1118:
1107:
1096:
1085:
1074:
1067: 934–1062
1063:
1055:
1035:
1029:Islamic prophet
1021:
1002:
984:
940:
921:
918:Harun al-Rashid
890:
850:
839:
777:
739:
734:
733:
664:Zaynab bint Ali
644:
636:
635:
606:
596:
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509:Sulaymani Bohra
433:
423:
422:
393:Fatimah's house
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1737:"'Ali AL-RIDA"
1732:
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1702:
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1657:
1651:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1612:
1608:Donaldson 1933
1600:
1598:, p. 128.
1575:
1563:
1559:Donaldson 1933
1551:
1526:
1514:
1510:Drechsler 2009
1502:
1490:
1488:, p. 532.
1478:
1466:
1464:, p. 258.
1462:Donaldson 1933
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1235:) who led the
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980:
944: 813–833
925: 786–809
904:, the seventh
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729:Sayyida Nafisa
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711:
706:
704:Hakimah Khātūn
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499:Hebtiahs Bohra
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98:Abbasid Empire
92:
82:
78:
77:
73:
72:
66:the immaculate
51:
47:
46:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
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1878:9783879972555
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1844:9780700715886
1840:
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1800:9781576073551
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1754:9780700715886
1750:
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1723:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1703:9780598503787
1699:
1696:. AMS Press.
1695:
1694:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1662:"TĀRIḴ-E QOM"
1658:
1654:
1652:9781780768410
1648:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
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1582:
1580:
1576:
1573:, p. 61.
1572:
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1515:
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1499:
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1479:
1476:, p. 27.
1475:
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1448:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1413:
1410:, p. 60.
1409:
1404:
1401:
1398:, p. 59.
1397:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
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1370:
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1269:
1265:
1260:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1238:
1227:
1222:
1210:
1199:
1198:Mirza-ye Qomi
1195:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1165:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1130:
1125:
1116:
1105:
1094:
1083:
1082:Qara Qoyunlus
1072:
1061:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1047:Judgement Day
1044:
1033:
1030:
1019:
1015:
1000:
988:ٱلْمَعْصُومَة
981:
979:
976:
975:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
948:heir apparent
938:
934:
930:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
902:Musa al-Kazim
899:
895:
887:
885:
883:
879:
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871:
867:
863:
859:
848:
837:
836:Musa al-Kazim
825:
813:
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789:
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487:Dawoodi Bohra
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343:Eid al-Ghadir
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147:Musa al-Kazim
145:
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125:
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120:Resting place
118:
113:
107:
103:
99:
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52:
48:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1907:Qom province
1868:
1863:
1834:
1813:
1790:
1767:
1744:
1716:
1692:
1680:
1665:
1641:
1615:
1603:
1571:Daftary 2013
1566:
1554:
1522:Starkey 2008
1517:
1505:
1493:
1486:Starkey 2008
1481:
1469:
1447:Sajjadi 2019
1420:Daftary 2013
1415:
1408:Daftary 2013
1403:
1396:Daftary 2013
1391:
1126:
1056:
985:
974:Tarikh-e Qom
910:Twelver Shia
891:
862:Twelver Shia
811:
783:
782:
698:
674:Umm al-Banin
403:Second Fitna
283:Intercession
273:Judgment Day
29:
1712:Halm, Heinz
1498:Hulmes 2008
1384:Ruffle 2004
1239:in 1979.
1233: 1989
1216: 1937
1205: 1815
1190: 1680
1093:Aq Qoyunlus
929:Ali al-Rida
847:Ali al-Rida
604:Ahl al-Kisa
519:Qutbi Bohra
514:Alavi Bohra
492:Progressive
418:Persecution
398:First Fitna
353:Omar Koshan
338:Eid al-Adha
333:Eid al-Fitr
236:Prophethood
179:Ali al-Rida
1932:816 deaths
1927:790 births
1891:Categories
1777:0028656059
1727:1558761349
1629:References
1146:historian
1136: 835
1091:) and the
1069:) and the
1039: 632
1025: 632
999:Jahan Shah
882:her shrine
854: 818
843: 799
659:Umm Salama
643:Holy women
231:Holy Books
226:Monotheism
202:Shia Islam
108:816 or 817
53:al-Ma'suma
1620:Halm 1997
1596:Halm 1997
1474:Halm 1997
1359:Footnotes
1124:) eras.
1043:intercede
937:al-Ma'mun
888:Biography
814:(Arabic:
797:romanized
694:Shahrbanu
579:Qizilbash
181:(brother)
175:Relatives
1714:(1997).
1639:(2013).
1340:See also
1175:Ottomans
1153:Ismail I
1032:Muhammad
962:town of
933:Khorasan
611:Muhammad
567:Bektashi
543:Satpanth
477:Musta'li
472:Isma'ili
383:Mubahala
323:Arba'een
194:a series
192:Part of
149:(father)
130:Religion
76:Personal
1833:(ed.).
1743:(ed.).
1164:Abbas I
1144:Persian
1104:Safavid
1071:Seljuks
1045:on the
1006:
995:
916:caliph
914:Abbasid
832:
799::
482:Tayyibi
453:Shaykhi
443:Akhbari
438:Ja'fari
366:History
256:Twelver
251:Ismaili
246:Imamate
168:Twelver
140:Parents
60:
1875:
1841:
1827:"QUMM"
1797:
1774:
1751:
1724:
1700:
1649:
1347:Fatima
1194:Tehran
1142:. The
1113:) and
1060:Buyids
1053:Shrine
898:Medina
866:Medina
788:Arabic
709:Narjis
649:Fatima
631:Husayn
621:Fatima
584:Ishiki
552:Ghulat
533:Nizari
526:Hafizi
465:Houthi
413:Origin
328:Mawlid
318:Ashura
288:Clergy
268:Angels
94:Medina
39:Arabic
1867:[
1829:. In
1764:"QOM"
1739:. In
1115:Qajar
964:Saveh
960:Sunni
858:Imams
689:Rubab
626:Hasan
562:Alevi
557:Alawi
538:Khoja
460:Zaydi
448:Usuli
388:Khumm
261:Zaydi
134:Islam
50:Title
1873:ISBN
1839:ISBN
1795:ISBN
1772:ISBN
1749:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1698:ISBN
1647:ISBN
1253:Iran
1179:Iraq
1014:Iran
993:lit.
956:Merv
952:Shia
906:Imam
878:Iran
870:Merv
830:lit.
164:Shia
160:Sect
105:Died
87:790
81:Born
57:lit.
1902:Qom
1249:Qom
1247:in
968:Qom
908:in
900:to
896:in
874:Qom
860:in
616:Ali
112:Qom
1893::
1679:.
1664:.
1578:^
1529:^
1454:^
1427:^
1366:^
1251:,
1231:d.
1214:d.
1203:d.
1188:d.
1169:r.
1158:r.
1134:d.
1120:r.
1109:r.
1098:r.
1087:r.
1076:r.
1065:r.
1037:d.
1023:d.
1008:c.
1004:r.
990:,
942:r.
923:r.
894:CE
852:d.
841:d.
827:,
818:,
808:CE
794:,
790::
196:on
96:,
89:CE
85:c.
41::
1881:.
1847:.
1820:.
1803:.
1780:.
1757:.
1730:.
1706:.
1655:.
1549:.
1524:.
1512:.
1500:.
1449:.
1386:.
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1211:(
1200:(
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170:)
166:(
71:)
69:'
63:'
55:(
20:)
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