511:
570:, the scribe was a monk who broke his monastic vows and was sentenced to be walled up alive. In order to avoid this harsh penalty he promised to create in one night a book to glorify the monastery forever, including all human knowledge. Near midnight, he became sure that he could not complete this task alone so he made a special prayer, not addressed to God but to the fallen angel Lucifer, asking him to help him finish the book in exchange for his soul. The devil completed the manuscript and the monk added the devil's picture out of gratitude for his aid.
153:
1346:
339:, an indelible mark where the marked person had been touched by the devil to seal the pact. The mark could be used as a proof to determine that the pact was made. It was also believed that on the spot where the mark was left, the marked person could feel no pain. A written pact consists in the same forms of attracting the demon, but includes a written act, usually signed with the conjurer's
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with having made pacts with the devil and managing by various tricks to get the better of the deal. For example, in one famous story, Sæmundur made a pact with the devil that the devil should bring him home to
Iceland from Europe on the back of a seal. Sæmundur escaped a diabolical end when, on
597:
as the trial proceedings were taking place but later promised that he would renounce his compact with Satan and vow to lead the life of a
Christian. The next morning, he confessed that the devil came to him in his cell dressed all in black and holding a white wand, demanding Fian continue his
613:(1590–1634), a 17th-century French priest, who was tried and burned at the stake for witchcraft. One of the documents presented at his trial was a diabolical pact he supposedly signed, which also bears what are supposed to be the seals of several demons, including that of Satan himself.
393:, there is a specific month, day of the week, and hour to call each demon, so the invocation for a pact has to be done at the right time. Also, as each demon has a specific function, a certain demon is invoked depending on what the conjurer is going to ask.
606:
The devil afterwards broke the white wand, and immediately vanished from his sight. He then was given a chance to lead the life he promised but the same night he stole a key to his cell and escaped. He was eventually captured and tortured until his
733:
The term "a deal with the Devil" (or "Faustian bargain") is also used metaphorically to condemn a person or persons perceived as having cooperated with an evil person or organization. An example of this is the Nazi-Jewish negotiations during
354:
These acts present themselves as diabolical pacts, though there is not always certainty of an actor's authentic sanity. Usually the acts included strange characters that were said to be the signature of a demon, and each one had his own
543:, who appeared after he had been rejected by his earthly love, and with whose help he managed to ascend to the papal throne (another legend tells that he won the papacy by playing dice with the devil).
653:(1726–1787), an 18th-century brigadier general of the New Hampshire Militia, alleged to have sold his soul to the devil to have his boots filled with gold coins when hung by the fireplace every month.
1414:
724:" infers a Faustian bargain in the lyrics where the protagonist fiddle player Johnny is challenged by the Devil to a fiddle-playing competition, and eventually wins. His prize is a golden fiddle.
331:
to attract the demon; once the conjure thinks the demon is present, they ask for the wanted favour and offer their soul in exchange, and no evidence is left of the pact. But according to some
226:. The person making the pact sometimes tries to outwit the devil, but loses in the end (e.g., man sells his soul for eternal life because he will never die to pay his end of the bargain.
215:
as their master, in exchange for nothing. The bargain is a dangerous one, as the price of the fiend's service is the wagerer's soul. For most religions, the tale may have a bad end, with
432:("Friend of God" or "Beloved of God") the unhappy and despairing cleric, disappointed in his worldly career by his bishop, who sells his soul to the devil but is redeemed by the
491:, where Theophilus is the central pivot in a frieze of five characters, the Virgin and the bishop flanking him on the side of good, the Jew and the devil on the side of evil.
677:(1793–1859), French composer and, more importantly, orchestra leader, whose wild conducting and sensuous concerts generated the rumor while a celebrity in Paris in the 1830s.
600:"Get thee behind me, thou Satan, and start pushing, for I have listened too much to thee, and by the same thou hast undone me, in respect whereof I will utterly undo you."
288:
It is usually thought that individuals who make a pact also promise to demons that they will kill children or consecrate them to the devil at the moment of birth (many
932:
Representative examples of the Latin tradition were analysed by Moshe Lazar, "Theophilus: Servant of Two
Masters. The Pre-Faustian Theme of Despair and Revolt" in
819:
1409:
589:(executed on 27 January 1591), A doctor and school teacher who was declared as a notorious sorcerer. He confessed to have a compact with Satan during the
746:
was accused of negotiating with the Nazis to save a select few at the expense of the many. The term has been mis-used in reference to
Kastner's act.
994:
756:
523:(946–1003), a prominent and skilled scholar and scientist in his lifetime, who had studied mathematics and astrology in the then-Muslim cities of
573:
Notable supposed deals with the devil were struck between the 15th and 18th centuries. The motif lives on among musicians until the 20th century:
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1100:
1061:
1036:
856:
462:
for a narrative poem that elaborates
Theophilus' essential goodness and internalizes the seduction of good and evil, in which the devil is
71:
42:
539:, Sylvester II had also learned sorcery, using a book of spells stolen from an Arab philosopher. He had a pact with a female demon called
983:, ed. by Pertti J. Anttonen, NIF Publications, 35 (Turku: Nordic Institute of Folklore, University of Turku, 1996), pp. 41–76 (p. 52).
222:
for the foolhardy venturer. Conversely, it may have a comic twist, in which a wily peasant outwits the devil, characteristically on a
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536:
137:
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faithful service, according to his first oath and promise that he made. Fian testified that he renounced Satan to his face saying
118:
510:
90:
641:, which led to legends that he was in league with the devil. He is also alleged to be the model for the ghostly captain of the
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31:
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261:
75:
1338:
97:
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470:. As in her model, Theophilus receives back his contract from the devil, displays it to the congregation, and soon dies.
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1384:
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discusses several alleged instances of pacts with the Devil, especially concerning women. It was considered that all
104:
590:
487:
1228:
707:, Infernus founded the band "fter making a pact with the Devil in 1992". Infernus is also on record (including in
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361:
671:(27 October 1782–27 May 1840), an Italian violinist who may not have started the rumor but played along with it.
86:
1419:
766:
630:
455:
152:
1362:
846:
Stith
Thompson, Motif-Index of Folk-Literature, 2nd ed. (Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1955–58), vol. 5, pp. 39-40.
547:
208:
for diabolical favours, which vary by the tale, but tend to include youth, knowledge, wealth, fame and power.
1113:
408:
by the devil, in which he is promised worldly riches and glory in exchange for serving the devil rather than
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661:
324:
64:
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246:
1002:
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532:
451:, his "patron", providing the prototype of a closely linked series in the Latin literature of the West.
405:
343:(although sometimes it was also alleged that the whole act had to be written with blood; meanwhile some
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223:
197:
857:"Dealing with the Devil: Professor Explores Contracts with the Prince of Darkness in Popular Culture"
814:
437:
301:
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1399:
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668:
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429:
374:
242:
1371:
The Uses of
Demonic Folk Tradition in Selma Lagerlöf's "Gösta Berlings saga" by Larry W. Danielson
1350:
699:(born on 18 June 1972), black metal musician; unlike the claims above, it is Infernus himself who
864:
761:
742:("saving life") is an obligation to compromise one's principles in order to preserve human life.
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576:
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305:
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It was also believed that some people made this type of pact just as a sign of recognising the
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claims he sold his soul to the Devil. According to the official website for
Infernus' band
1366:
717:
674:
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610:
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659:(8 April 1692–26 February 1770), Venetian violinist and composer, who believed that his
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instead of blood and others suggested the use of animal blood instead of human blood).
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250:
181:
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344:
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A number of famous works refer to pacts with the devil, from the numerous
European
189:
979:
GĂsli SigurĂ°sson, 'Icelandic
National Identity: From Romanticism to Tourism', in
776:
567:
519:
An extensive legend of a supposed devilish pact was focused on the character of
467:
433:
297:
293:
53:
390:
332:
320:
193:
689:(8 May 1911–6 August 1938), blues musician, who legend claims met Satan at a
319:
The pact can be either oral or written. An oral pact may be made by means of
292:
were accused of this, due to the number of children who died at birth in the
17:
1214:
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and signed over his soul to play the blues and gain mastery of the guitar.
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709:
696:
482:
412:. Upon rejecting the devil's overtures, he embarks on his travels as the
309:
216:
185:
623:, allegedly signed two pacts to be a "bounden son" to the devil in 1668.
499:
436:. His story appears in a Greek version of the 6th century written by a "
212:
1232:
620:
528:
413:
383:
369:) give a detailed list of these signs, known as diabolical signatures.
313:
289:
738:, both positively and negatively. Under Jewish law, the principle of
328:
156:
Engraving of Faust's pact with Mephisto, by Adolf Gnauth (circa 1840)
1359:
580:
556:
509:
425:
401:
379:
356:
340:
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177:
151:
1056:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. pp. 112–115.
479:
Le miracle de Théophile: ou comment Théophile vint à la pénitence
440:" who claims to have been a member of the household in question.
638:
205:
912:
The Sources of the Faust Tradition: From Simon Magus to Lessing
514:
Pope Sylvester II and the devil in an illustration of c. 1460.
409:
348:
47:
665:
was inspired by the devil's appearance before him in a dream.
268:
number M210 and "Man sells soul to devil" motif number M211.
939:.6, (Nathan Edelman Memorial Issue November 1972) pp. 31–50.
1093:
Don't Shoot the Albatross! Nautical Myths and Superstitions
230:, he commits murder, but is sentenced to life in prison).
1358:
The Devil's Pact: Diabolic Writing and Oral Tradition by
1054:
Daemonologie. A Critical Edition. In Modern English. 2016
30:"Pact with the Devil" redirects here. For the films, see
386:
had made a pact with one of the demons, usually Satan.
1029:
Faustus: The Life and Times of a Renaissance Magician
910:
Palmer, Phillip Mason; More, Robert Pattison (1936).
1415:
Fictional characters who have made pacts with devils
1079:
The Parapraxis in the Haizmann Case of Sigmund Freud
952:(New York, NY: Farrar, Straus And Giroux, 2014), 83.
308:
with demons, and sometimes engender children from a
27:
Pact between a person and the Devil or another demon
566:According to a medieval legend associated with the
176:) is a cultural motif exemplified by the legend of
78:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1131:
1114:"Did Giuseppe Tartini Sell His Soul to the Devil?"
713:magazine) publicly stating that he worships Satan.
579:(1466/80–1541), whose life was the origin of the
335:, an oral pact left evidence in the form of the
1275:. Archived from the original on 5 October 2006.
559:, killing it, and stepping safely ashore. (see
184:, as well as being elemental to many Christian
820:Mephistopheles in the arts and popular culture
555:arrival, he hit the seal on the head with the
481:provided material for a 13th-century play by
445:Miraculum Sancte Marie de Theophilo penitente
8:
604:"That once ere thou die thou shall be mine."
1190:
1188:
619:(1651/2–1700), a 17th-century painter from
1298:
1296:
1171:. London: Bloomsbury Reader. p. 394.
969:. Cambridge University Press. p. 157.
633:, renowned for his uncanny speed from the
602:He confessed that the devil then answered
1169:Culture and Society in France 1789 - 1848
900:Matthew 4:1-11; Mark 1:12-13; Luke 4:1-13
138:Learn how and when to remove this message
1305:"Eichmann's List: a pact with the devil"
498:
1081:. Louvain: Publications Universitaires.
839:
757:Deals with the Devil in popular culture
683:(1896–1 November 1956), blues musician.
264:, "Bargain with the devil" constitutes
1278:
993:Rajandran, Sezin (12 September 2007).
447:inserts a Virgin as intermediary with
1269:"gorgoroth Resources and Information"
914:. New York: Oxford University Press.
531:. According to the legend, spread by
7:
1410:Witchcraft in folklore and mythology
861:University of Virginia School of Law
76:adding citations to reliable sources
43:Deal with the Devil (disambiguation)
196:, the pact is between a person and
593:in Scotland which he confessed to
454:In the 10th century, the poet nun
25:
950:Infidel Kings and Unholy Warriors
629:, a 17th-century captain for the
546:The Icelandic priest and scholar
1344:
1332:
1134:The Lives of the Great Composers
1077:Vandendriessche, Gaston (1965).
981:Making Europe in Nordic Contexts
561:Sæmundr fróði#Icelandic folklore
52:
1112:Richter, Simon (18 July 2008).
347:defended the idea of using red
63:needs additional citations for
36:Pact with the Devil (2004 film)
32:Pact with the Devil (1950 film)
863:. 25 July 2012. Archived from
722:The Devil Went Down to Georgia
473:A long poem on the subject by
262:Motif-Index of Folk-Literature
1:
1349:The dictionary definition of
1303:Adam LeBor (23 August 2000).
1116:. University of Pennsylvania.
428:in the Christian religion is
367:Lemegeton Clavicula Salomonis
1229:"Gorgoroth.info - Biography"
550:(1056–1133) was credited in
237:to the violin virtuosity of
1167:Hemmings, F. W. J. (1987).
888:"Lives of the Necromancers"
495:Alleged historical examples
228:Immune to the death penalty
188:. According to traditional
1436:
1255:"Gorgoroth Interview 2009"
1052:King James (14 May 2016).
591:North Berwick witch trials
280:Copy of a written deal by
40:
29:
1285:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
362:The Lesser Key of Solomon
1138:(3rd ed.). Norton.
1091:Eyers, Jonathan (2011),
767:Devil in popular culture
631:Dutch East India Company
506:'s bogus diabolical pact
477:(1177/8–1236), entitled
456:Hroswitha of Gandersheim
396:In the narrative of the
1365:2 February 2017 at the
1199:. New York: Routledge.
1195:Weissman, Dick (2005).
886:William Godwin (1876).
810:The Smith and the Devil
488:Le Miracle de Théophile
424:The predecessor of The
174:Mephistophelian bargain
515:
507:
316:in the case of women.
285:
157:
1031:. The History Press.
995:"Satanic inspiration"
967:The Myth of the Magus
934:Modern Language Notes
533:William of Malmesbury
513:
502:
279:
155:
87:"Deal with the Devil"
1405:Narrative techniques
1341:at Wikimedia Commons
1128:Schonberg, Harold C.
815:Works based on Faust
662:Devil's Trill Sonata
458:adapted the text of
72:improve this article
41:For other uses, see
1390:Christian mythology
1385:Deal with the Devil
1339:Deal with the Devil
1005:on 14 December 2013
420:Theophilus of Adana
375:Malleus Maleficarum
166:pact with the Devil
162:deal with the Devil
1273:ww16.gorgoroth.org
1235:on 2 February 2010
762:Demonic possession
617:Christoph Haizmann
577:Johann Georg Faust
552:Icelandic folklore
548:Sæmundur Sigfússon
516:
508:
406:series of bargains
286:
282:Christoph Haizmann
180:and the figure of
158:
1337:Media related to
1197:Blues: The Basics
1178:978-1-4482-0507-3
1101:978-1-4081-3131-2
1095:, A&C Black,
1063:978-1-5329-6891-4
1038:978-0-7509-5090-9
948:Brian A. Catlos,
521:Pope Sylvester II
475:Gautier de Coincy
302:Witches' Sabbaths
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651:Jonathan Moulton
398:Synoptic Gospels
306:sexual relations
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247:"crossroad" myth
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365:(also known as
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834:References
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194:witchcraft
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