197:
find items they wished to purchase in various catalogs. As demand grew, the Board of
Directors began to carry merchandise in the store. Business flourished and they took over adjoining storefronts. Under the guidance of Kee, FedScript was developed. This allowed a form of "borrowing" but ensured that the funds could only be spent at Fedco. Lines included general merchandise, grocery, and, in some locations, auto services and furniture. Lifetime membership was less than five dollars for employees of the
208:, in which the stores were owned and operated by a not-for-profit organization that was owned by its members, who elected a board of directors. Like a credit union, store membership was legally restricted to a defined group. Over the years, the membership pool was widened to include anyone who had any relationship with the federal or local governments, as well as their employees, children, etc. It also included anyone who received regular payments from the government, such as social security pensions.
302:
496:
294:
271:
1651:
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1648:
562:, location) were razed, and the Ontario location became the city's police department. The $ 10 lifetime membership at Fedco was exchanged for a $ 300 Target coupon book at the 1999 bankruptcy. The proceeds of the bankruptcy sale were placed in a trust fund intended to charitably serve communities that had hosted Fedco stores.
469:
was a bi-monthly 62-page dated catalog mailed to members. There were seasonal specials and sales with themes like "Buyers' Goof Days". In addition to showcasing products, it also contained short one-column articles. Most issues contained one article about updates in federal policy that might affect
324:
In 1994, Fedco was one of the first membership stores to start accepting bank-issued credit cards. Most discount stores of this type did not accept credit cards because transaction fees charged by the credit card transaction processors were quite high in relation to their (single-digit percent range)
234:
concept. The customer/member was presented with a wide variety of consumer products: camera equipment, office machines, major and minor appliances, garden supplies, clothing, jewelry, liquor and groceries. The stores also had a full-service deli and a separate produce department. Many stores also had
196:
employees who wanted to leverage their buying power by purchasing goods directly from wholesalers, and eliminate the additional markup of a retail store. The Board of
Directors, headed by Robert Kee, established the first store on Slauson Avenue in Los Angeles. Members would come into the store and
266:
opening ceremonies!" There were separate registers for general merchandise, groceries and produce. At one time, purchased merchandise was placed in a bag and a color-coded tape was placed on the stapled bag. The tape color varied from day to day to prevent theft. In later years, as merchandise was
972:
211:
Membership cards were required to enter a store and to use a check as payment. However, it was very difficult to restrict non-members from purchasing from the stores in cash, since the lifetime membership cards did not include photographic ID like those used by later membership stores such as
281:
Fedco had an aggressive pricing model and employed "secret shoppers" to determine prices of other retailers. The Fedco price on many items ended in 87 cents to claim the lowest price, even if it was only pennies below the customary 99 cent prices of competitors.
3920:
535:
The management tried many new ideas to keep up with competitors, such as accepting bank cards when other stores were only accepting private store credit cards, refurbishing stores, and by allowing fast food chains to open restaurants, such as
246:
line of stereo equipment. Coastron paid rent to Fedco to operate in the building. Other concessions included the
Optical Department (later bought out by Fedco), the Shaver Shop, and the Key & Lock Shop. Fedco offered a variety of
289:
season, Fedco was open 7 days a week to accommodate the customer surge. Fedco would sometimes require employees to work up to 10 hours a day. Working 6 days a week was possible during the summer surge and the
Christmas season.
34:
241:
Some of the departments around the periphery of the building were not Fedco businesses, but instead were concessions operated by others. For example, the Stereo
Components department was run by Coastron, seller of the
1168:
716:
1689:
3905:
465:. Edward Butterworth rose from company attorney to Board member to the position of CEO. The department was run by art director and art department manager Sal Heredia and editor Anita McManes. The
267:
bagged, the bags were stapled shut and the receipt stapled on the top. In a precursor to the common practice at most membership clubs today, the sealed bags and receipts were checked at the exit.
736:
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701:
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The stores were tightly managed. To foster smooth operation, romantic interest between employees was discouraged, and married couples were not allowed to hold Fedco jobs concurrently.
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a tire and battery shop. The corporate buyers often found one-of-a-kind deals on miscellaneous items, including seasonal items like toys during the
Christmas holiday season.
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1675:
606:
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3333:
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federal employees. The majority of the articles were about minor but colorful stories in
California history, and were labeled with a "California Historical" logo.
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The membership model was successful for Fedco for decades. It was common for the stores to be crowded, with long lines at checkout. A picture of a packed
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margins, and they would have to raise prices to compensate, putting them at a competitive disadvantage to stores that did not accept credit cards.
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For most of its lifetime, Fedco was closed on
Wednesdays, though some employees would work, re-stocking or taking inventory. During the
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in 1999, at which point it had been the longest-operating membership-based store in the country. Most of its locations were sold to the
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was the store's catalog and magazine. Board
President Robert Kee and Edward Butterworth were instrumental in establishing the
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Clothing, footwear, housewares, jewelry, garden, furniture, appliances, sporting goods, produce, hardware, toys, electronics
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2002:
1920:
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110:
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216:. Anyone could borrow or take a member's card and enter. Names on the cards were only checked when paying by check.
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3879:— Note: starred (*) listings indicate former regional mall now site of strip-style community center with new name
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At its peak, Fedco had ten department stores plus three appliance-only stores, and served 4 million members.
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737:"Fedco Is First Major Retail Membership Chain To Begin Accepting Visa And Mastercard In All Check-Out Lanes"
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1454:"Consortium Prevails in Bid for FedCo Stores Inventory; Additional $ 9 Million Delivered to FedCo Estate"
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Barron, Kelly (October 1, 1993). "Fedco's new store is three stories, brightly decorated and in a mall".
1119:
773:
635:
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402:, 2534 South Archibald Avenue, store #8, replaced by Ontario Police Department facility (1982-1999)
399:
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532:, but remained a regional chain and eventually was unable to compete with the national chains.
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1079:"Fedco Ontario grand opening Thursday marked commencement of the company's largest facility"
758:
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against the company in the summer of 1979, seeking higher pay as compared to members of the
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store, proclaimed, "More people shop at Fedco stores each week than the attendance of the
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The company lost $ 14 million caused by damages done to the La
Cienega store during the
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San Bernardino, 1140 West Second Street, replaced by the Mt. Vernon Avenue store in 1968
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The management strove to make Fedco a one-stop shopping destination, similar to a
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448:, 54th Street and Euclid Avenue, replaced by the National City store (1957-1984)
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362:), 3535 South La Cienega Boulevard, store #2, replaced by Target (1961-1999)
333:
310:
185:
3921:
Defunct department stores based in Southeast Los Angeles County, California
2382:
2285:
2259:
2097:
2033:
1936:
586:
433:, 3928 West Slauson Avenue, replaced by La Cienega Boulevard store in 1961
2931:
1910:
369:
390:, 3111 East Colorado Boulevard, store #6, replaced by Target (1965-1999)
3001:
2357:
1982:
509:
477:
and other Fedco paraphernalia are now being maintained as part of the
33:
2506:
2403:
525:
54:
1664:(Orange County ed.) February 19, 1988, Orange County Life p. 8.
442:, 5436 North Woodruff Avenue, replaced by the Cerritos store in 1970
1631:
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1954:
1942:
581:
517:
494:
332:
300:
292:
269:
251:
items, including electronics, liquor, watches and some groceries.
219:
Fedco's lifetime membership cost $ 10 (~$ 19.00 in 2023) in 1998.
396:, 3030 Harbor Boulevard, store #7 replaced by Target (1972-1999)
384:, 1100 Highland Avenue, store #5, replaced by Walmart (1984-1999)
2534:
1393:"Fedco Is Getting a Make-Over, but Analysts Say It's Not Enough"
352:), 14920 Raymer Street, store #1, replaced by Target (1956-1999)
1671:
378:, 11525 South Street, store #4 (1970-1999), replaced by Target
341:
Fedco had several locations in Southern California including:
702:"Fedco Taking Visa, Mastercard at Its Southern Calif. Stores"
204:
The organization of the company was similar to that used for
1649:"Discount Stores in County Proliferate: A Profile of Fedco,"
636:"Discount Stores in County Proliferate: a Profile of Fedco"
258:, posted above the drinking fountain near the exit of the
16:
American membership department store chain (1948 to 1999)
1434:"Fedco To Sell Its Real Estate Assets To Target Stores"
1412:
Sanchez, Jesus & Goldman, Abigail (July 10, 1999).
3906:
Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1999
1370:. Vol. 38, no. 17. p. 2. Archived from
1238:. Vol. 32, no. 22. p. 4. Archived from
613:. Vol. 37, no. 22. p. 3. Archived from
684:. Vol. 74, no. 8. p. 5. Archived from
368:, 570 South Mt. Vernon Avenue, store #3 replaced by
3846:
3808:
3780:
3670:
3607:
3543:
3411:
3383:
3349:
3256:
3202:
3141:
3050:
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2870:
2861:
2852:
2790:
2645:
2609:
2587:
2543:
2453:
2422:
2391:
2327:
2246:
2211:
2175:
2152:
2129:
2113:
2042:
2016:
1975:
1929:
1716:
1705:
146:
138:
126:
116:
105:
87:
79:
60:
50:
40:
2829:(1936) - 1st center with department store anchor:
1624:"Teacher Grants - FEDCO Classroom Enrichment Fund"
1414:"Fedco to Seek Chapter 11 Protection, Close Doors"
1371:
1239:
1211:"Buena Park: Shoppers Jam New Fedco Store in Mall"
1077:
1035:
993:
971:
925:
883:
841:
796:
614:
408:, 1475 East Valley Parkway, store #9, replaced by
1190:"Buena Park: 4,000 Line Up for 600 Jobs at Fedco"
2825:(1927) - 1st center with multiple supermarkets:
745:(Press release). October 4, 1994. Archived from
965:
963:
791:
789:
321:. The strike was resolved after about 3 weeks.
2484:Haas, Baruch & Co./Hellman, Haas & Co.
836:
834:
607:"New format positions Fedco for future growth"
1683:
1557:"Fedco to offer coupons to settle membership"
8:
3901:Defunct discount stores of the United States
1283:"Fedco Article Overlooked Customers, Growth"
418:, 8450 La Palma Avenue, store #10 (formerly
26:
2867:
2858:
2827:Broadway & 87th Street shopping center
2817:(1929) - 1st suburban dept. store branch:
1713:
1690:
1676:
1668:
25:
2841:(1955) - 1st center with 4 dept. stores:
1567:(20): 4. October 25, 1999. Archived from
774:"Lamenting the Death of a Discount Store"
634:Young, Karen Newell (February 19, 1988).
3873:History of retail in Southern California
2813:(1915) - 1st planned shopping district:
1699:History of retail in Southern California
1516:"Target plans to develop old Fedco site"
1495:"Target Stores finalizes Fedco purchase"
1230:Thomas, Charles M. (November 15, 1993).
1141:"Buena Park to Weigh Backing Fedco Move"
995:"Fedco Pasadena Unit Nearing Completion"
3916:Retail companies disestablished in 1999
2809:- 1st dept. store on 7th off Broadway:
1537:"Costa Mesa's a 'Greatland' for Target"
948:from the original on September 14, 2017
906:from the original on September 14, 2017
819:from the original on September 14, 2017
678:"Preparing Fedco for the next 50 years"
597:
184:The chain was unusual in that it was a
157:Federal Employees' Distributing Company
27:Federal Employees' Distributing Company
2805:(1876) - 1st dept. store on Broadway:
2801:Oldest origins of a major L.A. chain:
1535:Earnest, Leslie (September 27, 2000).
1281:Stevenish, Robert J. (July 12, 1998).
885:"$ 1.95 Million Fedco Store Under Way"
843:"Fedco Chain to Open New Store Monday"
201:, students, and their family members.
1500:Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal
1343:"Torched, Looted Fedco Store Reopens"
1016:from the original on October 18, 2016
657:"Explaining Fedco's 'Nonprofit' Ways"
7:
3931:1999 disestablishments in California
3911:Retail companies established in 1948
2837:(1951) - 1st mall in Orange County:
1362:Scally, Robert (September 6, 1999).
605:Scally, Robert (November 23, 1998).
309:Fedco employees were members of the
3574:Main St. pedestrian mall, Riverside
1303:"Chinese Restaurant Opens in Fedco"
970:Bauder, Donald C. (April 4, 1984).
2565:Golden Bear Home and Sport Centers
1811:The Globe (51st & S. Broadway)
1120:"Sears Property Sold in Escondido"
1100:from the original on March 4, 2016
1058:from the original on March 4, 2016
927:"New Fedco Unit Rises in Cerritos"
894:. December 14, 1969. p. K10.
864:from the original on March 5, 2016
772:Corrigan, John (August 28, 1999).
700:Meece, Mickey (October 11, 1994).
479:Fedco Superstores Inc. Collections
422:), replaced by Walmart (1993-1999)
313:, many in Local 232 and 542. They
14:
3926:1948 establishments in California
3877:History of retail in Palm Springs
3022:Promenade at Howard Hughes Center
2952:Midtown Crossing & Sears-Pico
2754:History of retail in Palm Springs
1376:on November 12, 2013 – via
1244:on November 12, 2013 – via
1232:"Fedco opens tri-level mall unit"
1004:. October 24, 1965. p. M14.
655:Campbell, Don G. (May 23, 1985).
619:on November 12, 2013 – via
3313:Santa Fe Springs Shopping Center
1514:Gee, Elise (September 9, 1999).
1209:Cano, Debra (November 4, 1993).
852:. October 27, 1968. p. J9.
807:. October 1, 1961. p. I23.
676:Sender, Isabelle (August 1998).
508:Fedco predated the giant chains
32:
3222:Hawthorne Plaza Shopping Center
2674:Broadway & 87th, South L.A.
2400:Disco Drug and Discount Centers
1870:Milliron's/Broadway Westchester
1599:California Community Foundation
1473:Garcia, Irene (July 22, 1999).
1462:(Press release). July 15, 1999.
1266:. December 7, 1998 – via
1188:Cano, Debra (October 5, 1993).
1139:Cano, Debra (January 4, 1993).
524:, and fellow membership chains
297:Front of a Fedco Fedcharge Card
1391:White, George (July 4, 1998).
1088:. June 19, 1982. p. G12.
1046:. July 30, 1970. p. K23.
973:"Expanded Fedco store to open"
936:. June 15, 1970. p. O16.
558:chain, while others (like the
305:Back of a Fedco Fedcharge Card
1:
2843:Panorama City Shopping Center
2807:A. Fusenot Co./Ville de Paris
1260:"Fedco Redesigns For Success"
337:Fedco at Cerritos, California
3716:Las Americas Premium Outlets
2886:Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza
2833:(1947) - 1st enclosed mall:
2303:Miller's Outpost/Anchor Blue
710:. p. 22. Archived from
274:A Fedco price tag marking a
111:Santa Fe Springs, California
3721:Linda Vista Shopping Center
2695:Lankershim, North Hollywood
1364:"A final farewell to Fedco"
122:10 (when it closed in 1999)
93:; 25 years ago
66:; 76 years ago
3952:
3238:Promenade on the Peninsula
3105:Promenade (Woodland Hills)
2906:Broadway & 87th Street
1475:"End of the Line in Sight"
150:Members-owned co-operative
109:9300 Santa Fe Springs Rd,
83:U.S. Post Office employees
75:in Los Angeles, California
18:
3869:
3095:Northridge Fashion Center
2962:Town & Country Market
2922:El Mercado de Los Angeles
2627:Peaches Records and Tapes
545:Los Angeles riots of 1992
499:Fedco Medicated Chest Rub
31:
3156:El Monte Shopping Center
3128:Westfield Fashion Square
2831:Broadway-Crenshaw Center
540:, inside select stores.
192:. It was founded by 800
19:Not to be confused with
3838:Simi Valley Town Center
3818:Collection at RiverPark
3800:Santa Maria Town Center
3711:La Jolla Village Square
3584:La Plaza (Palm Springs)
3482:La Habra Fashion Square
3364:Long Beach Towne Center
3080:Glendale Fashion Center
2937:Grove at Farmers Market
2912:Crossroads of the World
1803:(Cal Hirsch & Sons)
1172:(subscription required)
720:(subscription required)
167:chain that operated in
3767:Westfield Plaza Bonita
3742:Otay Ranch Town Center
3520:Shops at Mission Viejo
3212:Del Amo Fashion Center
3037:Westfield Century City
3032:Third Street Promenade
2997:Brentwood Country Mart
2973:West Hollywood Gateway
2942:Japanese Village Plaza
2106:(Oxnard/Huntington Pk)
1860:May Co. Mission Valley
1595:"FEDCO Teacher Grants"
1163:Orange County Register
500:
338:
306:
298:
278:
3642:Mall of Victor Valley
3589:Promenade In Temecula
3340:Whittwood Town Center
3307:Santa Fe Springs Mall
3271:Cerritos Towne Center
3162:El Rancho Santa Anita
3111:Sherman Oaks Galleria
3042:Westfield Culver City
3017:Platform, Culver City
1503:. September 28, 1999.
714:on February 12, 2015.
560:Escondido, California
552:Chapter 11 bankruptcy
498:
336:
304:
296:
273:
3854:Imperial Valley Mall
3599:Shops at Palm Desert
3553:Desert Fashion Plaza
3436:Anaheim Towne Center
3399:Valencia Town Center
3394:Antelope Valley Mall
3194:Shops at Santa Anita
3070:Commons at Calabasas
2991:Airport Marina Hotel
2901:The Bloc Los Angeles
2546:tainment, appliances
1647:Karen Newell Young,
1264:Home Furnishing News
749:on November 12, 2013
492:University Library.
426:Previous locations:
3757:Shoppes at Carlsbad
3503:Orange County Plaza
3456:Buena Park Downtown
3431:Anaheim Town Square
3319:Shops at Montebello
3297:Promenade at Downey
3266:Los Cerritos Center
3217:Fisherman's Village
3065:Burbank Town Center
3052:San Fernando Valley
3007:Malibu Country Mart
2637:Wallichs Music City
1876:Mullen & Bluett
1852:May Co. Downtown LA
1561:Discount Store News
1368:Discount Store News
1236:Discount Store News
611:Discount Store News
319:Retail Clerks Union
171:from 1948 to 1999.
169:Southern California
163:, was a membership
133:Southern California
118:Number of locations
28:
3680:Chula Vista Center
3579:Moreno Valley Mall
3568:Indio Fashion Mall
3421:Anaheim GardenWalk
3258:Southeast L.A. Co.
3243:South Bay Galleria
3143:San Gabriel Valley
3117:Universal CityWalk
3060:Americana at Brand
3027:Santa Monica Place
2896:Beverly Connection
2823:Broadway Hollywood
2803:Harris & Frank
2646:On-street shopping
2602:Ole's Home Centers
2498:Pantry Food Stores
2082:(Arcadia/Whittier)
1930:L.A. neighborhoods
1838:Harris & Frank
1834:("People's Store")
1817:("New York Store")
1807:Fifth Street Store
1654:2012-11-07 at the
1439:The New York Times
1311:. October 9, 1992.
1128:. August 17, 1986.
1037:"New FEDCO Rising"
501:
484:2014-10-18 at the
339:
307:
299:
279:
264:1984 Olympic Games
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3860:Valley Plaza Mall
3833:Pacific View Mall
3732:North County Mall
3690:Escondido Village
3563:Hemet Valley Mall
3558:Galleria at Tyler
3530:Village at Orange
3525:South Coast Plaza
3515:Outlets at Orange
3488:Laguna Hills Mall
3441:Asian Garden Mall
3407:
3406:
3248:SouthBay Pavilion
3189:Puente Hills Mall
3178:Plaza West Covina
3133:Westfield Topanga
3085:Glendale Galleria
3012:Palisades Village
2957:Ovation Hollywood
2872:L.A. Central Area
2782:3rd St. Promenade
2732:Huntington Park:
2595:Builders Emporium
2580:University Stereo
2522:Smart & Final
2445:Parmelee-Dohrmann
2409:Schwab's Pharmacy
2276:C&R Clothiers
2242:
2241:
2176:San Diego–Tijuana
1967:Sears Pico–Rimpau
1756:Bullocks Wilshire
1707:Department stores
1661:Los Angeles Times
1542:Los Angeles Times
1480:Los Angeles Times
1419:Los Angeles Times
1398:Los Angeles Times
1348:Los Angeles Times
1328:Los Angeles Times
1308:Los Angeles Times
1288:Los Angeles Times
1216:Los Angeles Times
1195:Los Angeles Times
1146:Los Angeles Times
1125:Los Angeles Times
1085:Los Angeles Times
1043:Los Angeles Times
1001:Los Angeles Times
933:Los Angeles Times
891:Los Angeles Times
849:Los Angeles Times
804:Los Angeles Times
779:Los Angeles Times
662:Los Angeles Times
641:Los Angeles Times
154:
153:
21:Fedco Food Stores
3943:
3701:Grossmont Center
3662:Victoria Gardens
3535:Westminster Mall
3498:The Market Place
3369:Los Altos Center
3359:Long Beach Plaza
3324:Stonewood Center
3302:Quad at Whittier
3233:Peninsula Center
3167:Indian Hill Mall
3075:Fallbrook Center
2947:Los Angeles Mall
2917:Eagle Rock Plaza
2868:
2859:
2854:Shopping centers
2815:Westwood Village
2811:J. W. Robinson's
2709:Westwood Village
2588:Home improvement
2428:home furnishings
2313:Weatherby-Kayser
2166:The S.Q.R. Store
2043:Rest of L.A. Co.
1891:J. W. Robinson's
1856:May Co. Wilshire
1791:Eastern-Columbia
1714:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1669:
1636:
1635:
1630:. Archived from
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1601:. Archived from
1591:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1571:on July 11, 2012
1553:
1547:
1546:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1442:. July 10, 1999.
1430:
1424:
1423:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1323:"Riot Aftermath"
1319:
1313:
1312:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1268:The Free Library
1256:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1227:
1221:
1220:
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1199:
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1074:
1068:
1067:
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1039:
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1023:
1021:
997:
990:
984:
983:
975:
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958:
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953:
929:
922:
916:
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913:
911:
887:
880:
874:
873:
871:
869:
845:
838:
829:
828:
826:
824:
800:
793:
784:
783:
769:
763:
762:
759:The Free Library
756:
754:
733:
727:
721:
715:
697:
691:
689:
673:
667:
666:
652:
646:
645:
631:
625:
624:
618:
602:
550:Fedco filed for
194:U.S. Post Office
165:department store
101:
99:
94:
74:
72:
67:
45:Department Store
36:
29:
3951:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3936:Warehouse clubs
3891:
3890:
3889:
3880:
3865:
3842:
3804:
3790:La Cumbre Plaza
3776:
3762:South Bay Plaza
3752:Seaport Village
3666:
3647:Montclair Plaza
3603:
3594:Riverside Plaza
3539:
3509:Orangefair Mall
3477:Irvine Spectrum
3461:Downtown Disney
3403:
3379:
3374:Marina Pacifica
3345:
3329:Uptown Whittier
3281:Lakewood Center
3276:Citadel Outlets
3252:
3198:
3151:Eastland Center
3137:
3046:
2977:
2848:
2835:Lakewood Center
2794:
2793:shopping center
2792:
2786:
2750:Palm Canyon Dr.
2720:Beverly Hills:
2690:Hollywood Blvd.
2641:
2605:
2599:National Lumber
2583:
2577:Rogersound Labs
2561:Federated Group
2545:
2539:
2449:
2427:
2418:
2387:
2332:
2323:
2308:Victor Clothing
2265:Brooks Clothing
2238:
2224:Montgomery Ward
2207:
2171:
2148:
2125:
2109:
2038:
2012:
1971:
1925:
1921:Walker's (L.A.)
1736:Brooks Clothing
1718:
1710:with origins in
1709:
1701:
1696:
1656:Wayback Machine
1644:
1639:
1628:Cal Poly Pomona
1622:
1621:
1617:
1608:
1606:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1574:
1572:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1351:. May 22, 1992.
1341:
1340:
1336:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1280:
1279:
1275:
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1257:
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1159:
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1154:
1138:
1137:
1133:
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1113:
1103:
1101:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1017:
992:
991:
987:
982:. p. A-12.
979:San Diego Union
969:
968:
961:
951:
949:
924:
923:
919:
909:
907:
882:
881:
877:
867:
865:
840:
839:
832:
822:
820:
795:
794:
787:
771:
770:
766:
752:
750:
735:
734:
730:
719:
707:American Banker
699:
698:
694:
682:Chain Store Age
675:
674:
670:
654:
653:
649:
633:
632:
628:
604:
603:
599:
595:
568:
506:
486:Wayback Machine
455:
331:
311:Teamsters Union
228:
199:U.S. government
182:
177:
129:
119:
97:
95:
92:
70:
68:
65:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3949:
3947:
3939:
3938:
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3928:
3923:
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3908:
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3893:
3892:
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3885:
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3881:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3857:
3850:
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3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3786:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3727:Mission Valley
3724:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3696:Fashion Valley
3693:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3632:Citrus Village
3629:
3624:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3609:San Bernardino
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3495:
3493:MainPlace Mall
3490:
3485:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:Fashion Island
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3337:
3334:Whittier Downs
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3286:La Mirada Mall
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3227:Old Towne Mall
3224:
3219:
3214:
3208:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3180:
3175:
3173:Paseo Colorado
3170:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3114:
3108:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3056:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2987:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2927:Farmers Market
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2891:Beverly Center
2888:
2883:
2876:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2798:
2796:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2776:Santa Monica:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2744:Palm Springs:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2704:Wilshire Blvd.
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:Broadway (CBD)
2666:
2661:
2656:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2632:The Wherehouse
2629:
2624:
2619:
2617:Licorice Pizza
2613:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2574:Pacific Stereo
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2496:
2491:
2489:Hughes Markets
2486:
2481:
2478:
2473:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2455:Grocery stores
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
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2256:
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2215:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
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2195:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2143:Harris Company
2140:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2076:(Santa Monica)
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
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1979:
1977:
1973:
1972:
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1969:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1933:
1931:
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1924:
1923:
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1916:Ville de Paris
1913:
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1878:
1873:
1863:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:Fallas Paredes
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
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1697:
1695:
1694:
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1680:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1634:on 2014-11-19.
1615:
1586:
1548:
1527:
1506:
1486:
1465:
1445:
1425:
1404:
1383:
1354:
1334:
1331:. May 7, 1992.
1314:
1294:
1273:
1251:
1222:
1201:
1180:
1166:. p. C01.
1152:
1131:
1111:
1069:
1027:
985:
959:
917:
875:
830:
785:
764:
728:
717:Alternate Link
692:
688:on 2013-07-14.
668:
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591:
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589:
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579:
574:
567:
564:
505:
502:
490:Cal State L.A.
475:Fedco Reporter
473:Copies of the
459:Fedco Reporter
454:
453:Fedco Reporter
451:
450:
449:
443:
437:
434:
424:
423:
413:
403:
397:
391:
385:
379:
373:
366:San Bernardino
363:
353:
330:
327:
315:went on strike
260:San Bernardino
244:Soundcraftsmen
227:
226:Business model
224:
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2:
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3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
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3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3862:, Bakersfield
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3782:Santa Barbara
3779:
3773:
3772:Westfield UTC
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3747:Parkway Plaza
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3685:College Grove
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:Redlands Mall
3655:
3653:
3652:Ontario Mills
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3637:Inland Center
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3622:Carousel Mall
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
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3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3426:Anaheim Plaza
3424:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
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3100:Panorama Mall
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2664:1880s-90s CBD
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2183:Barnett-Stine
2181:
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2178:
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2167:
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2161:
2158:
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2144:
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2132:
2130:Inland Empire
2128:
2122:
2119:
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2112:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
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2072:
2070:(Redondo Bch)
2069:
2068:I. H. Hawkins
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2050:Boston Stores
2048:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:Boadway Bros.
2022:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
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1981:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:Robertson Co.
1959:
1956:
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1947:
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1939:(Highland Pk)
1938:
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1896:Robinsons-May
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1886:Phelps-Terkel
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1766:City of Paris
1764:
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1747:
1746:The Broadway‎
1744:
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1605:on 2013-05-10
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1575:September 18,
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798:"Opening Set"
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572:Big-box store
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557:
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548:
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541:
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538:Panda Express
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382:National City
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249:private label
245:
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225:
223:
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217:
215:
209:
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206:credit unions
202:
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195:
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39:
35:
30:
22:
3723:(demolished)
3706:Horton Plaza
3627:Citrus Plaza
3617:Barstow Mall
3292:Plaza MĂ©xico
3122:Valley Plaza
2968:Weller Court
2766:Old Pasadena
2738:Long Beach:
2715:Other cities
2714:
2700:Miracle Mile
2652:
2571:Leo's Stereo
2517:Stater Bros.
2512:Shopping Bag
2468:Boys Markets
2435:Barker Bros.
2368:Pic 'N' Save
2352:
2219:J. C. Penney
2203:Walker Scott
2193:Holzwasser's
2056:Butler Bros.
2008:Wise Company
1988:The Emporium
1850:(buildings:
1843:Jacoby Bros.
1731:Blackstone's
1726:Barker Bros.
1659:
1632:the original
1618:
1607:. Retrieved
1603:the original
1589:
1581:FindArticles
1579:– via
1573:. Retrieved
1569:the original
1564:
1560:
1551:
1540:
1530:
1519:
1509:
1498:
1489:
1478:
1468:
1457:
1448:
1437:
1428:
1417:
1407:
1396:
1386:
1373:the original
1367:
1357:
1346:
1337:
1326:
1317:
1306:
1297:
1286:
1276:
1263:
1254:
1241:the original
1235:
1225:
1214:
1204:
1193:
1183:
1161:
1155:
1144:
1134:
1123:
1114:
1102:. Retrieved
1083:
1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1041:
1030:
1018:. Retrieved
999:
988:
977:
950:. Retrieved
931:
920:
908:. Retrieved
889:
878:
866:. Retrieved
847:
821:. Retrieved
802:
777:
767:
757:– via
751:. Retrieved
747:the original
740:
731:
712:the original
705:
695:
686:the original
681:
671:
660:
650:
639:
629:
616:the original
610:
600:
549:
542:
534:
507:
474:
472:
466:
462:
458:
456:
425:
340:
329:Fedco stores
323:
308:
284:
280:
276:compact disc
253:
240:
237:
229:
221:
218:
210:
203:
183:
160:
156:
155:
106:Headquarters
41:Company type
3856:, El Centro
3795:Paseo Nuevo
3471:Honer Plaza
3446:Bella Terra
3183:Pomona Mall
2863:Los Angeles
2770:Santa Ana:
2752:- See also
2728:Golden Mall
2722:Rodeo Drive
2711:(near UCLA)
2680:Seventh St.
2653:Los Angeles
2568:Ken Crane's
2544:Home enter-
2527:Thriftimart
2378:White Front
2319:Zachary All
2281:Hartfield's
2270:C. H. Baker
2162:(Santa Ana)
2114:Bakersfield
2064:(Hawthorne)
2052:(Inglewood)
2003:Walker's LB
1906:Silverwoods
1881:Myer Siegel
1832:Hamburger's
1719:Los Angeles
1521:Daily Pilot
742:PR Newswire
577:Hypermarket
431:Los Angeles
412:(1986-1999)
372:(1968-1999)
360:Los Angeles
350:Los Angeles
256:LA Coliseum
232:hypermarket
190:cooperative
188:consumers'
159:, known as
128:Area served
3895:Categories
3871:See also:
3351:Long Beach
2880:ARCO Plaza
2819:B. H. Dyas
2764:Pasadena:
2758:Pasadena:
2685:Flower St.
2622:Music Plus
2557:Cal Stereo
2476:Food Giant
2463:Alpha Beta
2393:Drugstores
2334:membership
2153:Orange Co.
2145:(San B'do)
2100:(Glendale)
2094:(Whittier)
1976:Long Beach
1901:Sears-Pico
1866:Milliron's
1826:J. M. Hale
1815:Haggarty's
1786:B. H. Dyas
1751:Bullock's‎
1741:Bon Marché
1609:2013-04-11
1459:PRNewswire
1176:LexisNexis
724:LexisNexis
593:References
530:Sam's Club
504:Bankruptcy
416:Buena Park
410:Home Depot
394:Costa Mesa
356:La Cienega
214:Sam's Club
3847:Elsewhere
3823:Esplanade
3737:One Paseo
3672:San Diego
3545:Riverside
3451:Brea Mall
3384:Northern
3204:South Bay
3090:NoHo West
2760:Lake Ave.
2726:Burbank:
2502:Pavilions
2440:Dearden's
2424:Furniture
2343:The Akron
2229:Ohrbach's
2212:Elsewhere
2198:Marston's
2168:(Anaheim)
2104:Wineman's
2080:Hinshaw's
2074:Henshey's
1955:Rathbun's
1949:Quigley's
1781:Desmond's
1776:Dearden's
1771:Coulter's
1094:153141123
1052:156966875
1010:155290636
942:156456159
900:156378941
858:155961409
813:167988471
753:April 11,
446:San Diego
406:Escondido
287:Christmas
186:nonprofit
180:Beginning
3875:–
3828:The Oaks
3386:L.A. Co.
2983:Westside
2932:FIGat7th
2795:"firsts"
2778:Main St.
2746:La Plaza
2740:Pine St.
2531:Tianguis
2329:Discount
2297:Mandel's
2248:Clothing
2188:Dorian's
2160:Rankin's
2139:(Colton)
2062:Chaney's
2058:(Vernon)
2017:Pasadena
1998:Robert's
1911:Swelldom
1858:–
1854:–
1652:Archived
1098:Archived
1090:ProQuest
1056:Archived
1048:ProQuest
1014:Archived
1006:ProQuest
946:Archived
938:ProQuest
904:Archived
896:ProQuest
862:Archived
854:ProQuest
817:Archived
809:ProQuest
566:See also
482:Archived
467:Reporter
463:Reporter
440:Lakewood
388:Pasadena
376:Cerritos
370:El Super
346:Van Nuys
139:Products
80:Founders
51:Industry
3810:Ventura
3002:Edgemar
2772:4th St.
2553:Adray's
2472:Chaffee
2414:Thrifty
2373:Unimart
2358:Fedmart
2348:Curacao
2299:(shoes)
2137:Willets
2121:Brock's
2088:(W Hwd)
2029:Meyer's
1993:Marti's
1983:Buffums
1957:(N Hwd)
1945:(N Hwd)
1848:May Co.
1821:The Hub
1761:Central
1717:Central
1642:Sources
1104:July 6,
1062:July 6,
1020:July 6,
952:July 6,
910:July 6,
868:July 6,
823:July 6,
510:Walmart
488:in the
420:May Co.
400:Ontario
175:History
96: (
88:Defunct
69: (
61:Founded
3413:Orange
2845:(1964)
2507:Ralphs
2404:Sav-on
2383:Zody's
2336:stores
2291:Leed's
2286:Judy's
2260:Bond's
2098:Webb's
2086:Kitson
2034:Nash's
1937:Iver's
1801:Famous
1092:
1050:
1008:
940:
898:
856:
811:
587:Zody's
556:Target
526:Costco
514:Target
55:Retail
2659:Plaza
2610:Music
2480:Giant
2363:Gemco
2353:Fedco
2315:shoes
2293:shoes
2272:shoes
2252:shoes
2234:Sears
2092:Myers
1963:(Hwd)
1951:(Hwd)
1943:Nahas
1378:EBSCO
1246:EBSCO
621:EBSCO
582:Gemco
518:Kmart
161:Fedco
147:Owner
3376:Mall
2791:L.A.
2535:Vons
2250:and
1577:2006
1174:via
1169:Link
1106:2017
1064:2017
1022:2017
954:2017
912:2017
870:2017
825:2017
755:2013
722:via
528:and
522:Ames
457:The
98:1999
91:1999
71:1948
64:1948
2426:and
2331:and
1828:Co.
3897::
2780:-
2702:,
1658:,
1626:.
1597:.
1565:38
1563:.
1559:.
1539:.
1518:.
1497:.
1477:.
1456:.
1436:.
1416:.
1395:.
1366:.
1345:.
1325:.
1305:.
1285:.
1262:.
1234:.
1213:.
1192:.
1143:.
1122:.
1096:.
1082:.
1054:.
1040:.
1012:.
998:.
976:.
962:^
944:.
930:.
902:.
888:.
860:.
846:.
833:^
815:.
801:.
788:^
776:.
739:.
704:.
680:.
659:.
638:.
609:.
547:.
520:,
516:,
512:,
3692:*
3570:*
3511:*
3505:*
3484:*
3473:*
3342:*
3336:*
3315:*
3309:*
3288:*
3229:*
3185:*
3169:*
3158:*
3124:*
3113:*
3107:*
2993:*
2964:*
2908:*
2882:*
2821:/
2748:/
2717::
2676:*
2655::
1872:)
1868:(
1862:)
1691:e
1684:t
1677:v
1612:.
1583:.
1545:.
1524:.
1483:.
1422:.
1401:.
1380:.
1291:.
1270:.
1248:.
1219:.
1198:.
1178:.
1149:.
1108:.
1066:.
1024:.
956:.
914:.
872:.
827:.
782:.
761:.
726:.
690:.
665:.
644:.
623:.
358:(
348:(
100:)
73:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
