545:
5918:
580:, was sent to Ripaille, the residence of Amadeus. It arrived on 15 December 1439, and, after long negotiations, Amadeus acquiesced in his election on 5 February 1440. The choice of the papal name, Felix, was suggested by Cardinal Aleman. Felix took the inaugural oath formulated by the Council of Basel. At the same time, he completely renounced all further participation in the government of his domains; he named his son Louis Duke of Savoy, and his son Philip Count of Geneva. He also appointed Piccolomini as his secretary.
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1943:
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612:
the control of the cathedral
Chapter of Geneva. The death of the cardinal had been foreseen and was provided for. In 1446, Felix V named Bishop Bartholomew of Corneto as his Vicar in spiritualities and temporalities for the diocese of Geneva; in 1449 he was succeeded by Bishop Andrea of Hebron. Cardinal Amadeus, as he had become in 1449, held the office of administrator until his death.
1585:
429:, which one of his father's physicians, Jean de Grandville, claimed he could cure. He became count of Savoy in 1391 after his father's death on 2 November 1391, caused (it was said) by poisoning, or at least bad treatment at the hands of his physicians. In his testament, the Red Count, Amadeus VII, had appointed his mother Bonne de Bourbon rather than his wife
46:
5963:
646:
and resigned his papacy. In its fourth session, on 19 April 1449, since the throne of Peter was vacant, the
Council of Lausanne elected Nicholas V as its pope. In its fifth and last session, it recognized Amadeus of Savoy to be Bishop of Sabina and papal legate in Savoy, and assigned him second rank
572:
Since Aleman was the only cardinal present, the
Council decided to appoint a college of electors. consisting of thirty-three members, chosen from the five "nations" into which the council was divided. They entered into conclave on 31 October 1439. In the first scrutiny (ballot), Amadeus received 16
611:
Bishop François de Mez of Geneva died on 7 March 1444, and on 9 March the chamberlain of Pope Felix V, Jean de Grolée, took possession of the diocese in the name of the pope as administrator. On the same day, the pope's son, Duke Louis of Savoy, ordered the episcopal chateau of Thie to be put into
619:
ordered the
Burgomeister of Basel to cancel the safe conducts which had previously been granted to the persons attending the Council of Basel, and to no longer allow the members of the council to remain in Basel. This was reinforced by an order in council of 24 May 1448, requiring the citizens of
588:
Felix V is credited with formalizing the academic lectures held in Basel by establishing the "Alma universitas studii curiae
Romanae" on 12 November 1440; it was inaugurated at a ceremony held on 5 November 1440. It would eventually lead to the foundation of the
437:, as regent for Amadeus VIII. This set off a struggle at the court between the grandmother and the mother, eventually involving the dukes of Berry, Bourbon, Orléans, and King Charles VI of France. Amadeus VIII's grandmother acted as regent until 1397, during his
573:
votes; in the second, 19 votes; in the third, 21. On 5 November, he received 26 votes, sufficient to elect. The
Council itself then issued a decree on 17 November 1439, stating that Amadeus had been elected pope and giving the full details of the election.
663:
and Vicar
Apostolic in all of the territories in the domain of the Duke of Savoy, and in the diocese of Lausanne. His complete itinerary, from 15 April 1449 to 6 January 1451, is given by Édouard Mallet, based on Cardinal Amadeus' registers.
552:
There is no evidence that he intrigued to obtain the papal office by sending the bishops of Savoy to Basel, though he did suggest that the bishops of Savoy attend the
Council. Of the twelve bishops present, seven were Savoyards.
3332:
3169:
5706:
1456:: Iustifiée Par Titres, Fondations de Monasteres, Manuscripts, anciens Monuments, Histoires & autres preuves autentiques. Enrichie De Plusieurs Portraits, Seaux, Monnoyes, Sepultures & Armoires
5595:
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on 7 January 1451, and was buried at
Ripaille on 9 January. Pope Nicholas V wrote an apostolic brief, dated 30 April 1451, in appreciation of the life and career of Cardinal Amadeus.
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in 1447, both obediences in the schism of the church favoured a settlement. On 7 April 1449, at the second session of the
Council of Lausanne, Felix V accepted the authority of
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Pope Eugene IV, the council of Basel, and the secular and ecclesiastical authorities in the Empire: the conflict over supreme authority and power in the Church.
777:
is thus known by the number III, and the third was given the number IV. It also affected the name taken by Amadeus, who would have been the fourth Pope Felix.
687:, Duke of Burgundy, at Arras in 1401. She did not arrive in Savoy, however, until 1403. They had nine children, only four of whom lived to mature adulthood:
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He departed Basel for Lausanne, on the grounds of ill health, on 19 November 1442, thereby diminishing the importance of the Council of Basel.
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In its Session XXXI, on 24 January 1438, the Council of Basel suspended Pope Eugene. Then, on 25 June 1439, it formally deposed Eugene as a
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564:, the archbishop of Arles, reminded the members that they needed to elect a rich and powerful pope to defend it from its adversaries.
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471:. From 1401 to 1422, he campaigned to recover the area around Geneva and Annecy. After the death of his wife in 1428, he founded the
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His reputation is marred by the account of him as a pontiff concerned with money, to avoid disadvantaging his heirs, found in the
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1400:
Amédée VIII-Félix V, premier duc de Savoie et pape (1383–1451). Colloque international, Ripaille-Lausanne, 23–26 octobre 1990
2475:
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2058:
2018:
1913:
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700:
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193:
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2010:
1889:
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714:
Amadeus of Savoy (26 Mar 1412 – 17 August 1431), Prince of Piedmont, the heir apparent until his premature death.
620:
Basel, who had previously been reluctant, to expel them. The Council therefore moved its sessions to the city of
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2395:
2351:
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1897:
1849:
704:
533:. He had close relations with the Council of Basel (1431–1449), even after most of its members joined the
472:
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283:
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5226:
5165:
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2390:
2346:
2301:
2296:
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2002:
1801:
1711:
484:
434:
479:, near Geneva, in a quasi-monastic state according to a rule drawn up by himself. He styled himself
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2525:
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2361:
2291:
2286:
2220:
733:
590:
534:
56:
1498:
Mallet, Édouard (1847). "Mémoire historique sur l'élection des évêques de Genève. Second partie,"
6040:
5934:
5711:
5480:
5404:
5372:
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5160:
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1322:
603:
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1942:
1503:
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1080:
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1054:
1041:
1016:
1003:
971:
940:
898:
885:
770:
453:
449:
177:
990:
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872:
859:
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5575:
5555:
5475:
5460:
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5261:
5135:
4975:
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4804:
4389:
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4011:
4006:
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3671:
3651:
3646:
3571:
3424:
3414:
3374:
2905:
2723:
2706:
1512:
444:
The Count's early rule saw the centralization of power and the territorial expansion of the
94:
1091:
1022:
467:
Amadeus increased his dominions and encouraged several attempts to negotiate an end to the
5828:
5795:
5739:
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5495:
5399:
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3991:
3916:
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3596:
3128:
3069:
2619:
2480:
2415:
2245:
1774:
1273:Édouard Mallet, "Mémoire historique sur l'élection des évêques de Genève. Second partie,"
1129:Édouard Mallet, "Mémoire historique sur l'élection des évêques de Genève. Second partie,"
708:
684:
656:
643:
530:
299:
252:
5891:
5716:
5510:
5485:
5449:
5389:
5382:
5377:
5367:
5221:
5206:
5145:
5021:
5011:
4767:
4542:
4471:
4319:
4254:
4040:
4030:
4016:
4001:
3681:
3576:
3460:
3439:
2973:
2852:
2827:
2799:
2730:
2552:
2382:
2373:
1983:
1728:
1664:
774:
737:
717:
659:
on 7 April 1449. On 23 April 1449 he was appointed suburbicarian Bishop of Sabina, and
639:
538:
457:
445:
438:
430:
422:
379:
295:
238:
218:
198:
130:
120:
66:
1120:
De Mez had been named a cardinal by Felix V on 12 October 1440. Eubel II, p. 9, no. 9.
624:, where they held their first meeting on 25 July 1448, presided over by Pope Felix V.
5989:
5775:
5701:
5667:
5651:
5611:
5294:
5269:
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4955:
4940:
4862:
4434:
4394:
4279:
4201:
4186:
4035:
3996:
3802:
3686:
3483:
3152:
2867:
2512:
2497:
2470:
1701:
1601:
766:
383:
102:
5885:
5760:
5616:
5580:
5319:
5241:
5085:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4809:
4409:
4344:
4274:
4264:
4191:
4091:
4060:
3836:
3785:
3553:
3495:
3392:
3163:
3080:
3036:
3031:
3021:
2832:
2759:
2520:
1525:
660:
594:
561:
526:
518:
461:
4670:
5686:
5515:
5490:
5465:
5438:
5425:
5334:
5236:
4923:
4605:
4461:
4334:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4289:
3591:
3526:
3382:
3307:
3285:
3133:
2895:
2857:
1721:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1283:, Volume 5 (Genève: La Société/F. Ramboz, 1847), pp. 127-354, at p. 154, note 1.
1082:
Geschichte der Universität Basel von der Gründung 1460 bis zur Reformation 1529,
822:
816:
810:
414:
330:
84:
5929:
4644:
2559:
5470:
5055:
4299:
4294:
4118:
4045:
3661:
3581:
3212:
1605:
500:
426:
402:
1487:
5974:
4404:
4399:
4369:
4065:
3828:
3812:
3797:
3641:
3531:
3409:
3399:
3267:
3046:
2575:
655:
After the renunciation of his papal office, Amadeus was named a cardinal by
398:
278:
1584:
1432:
Decaluwe, Michiel; Izbicki, Thomas M.; Christianson, Gerald, eds. (2017).
1312:, cites authors who state that he died in Geneva, Lausanne or at Ripaille.
5284:
5038:
5026:
4552:
4379:
3478:
2847:
2184:
2160:
621:
476:
394:
51:
1139:, Volume 5 (Genève: La Société/F. Ramboz, 1847), pp. 127-354, at p. 146.
5541:
5155:
4777:
4349:
3629:
3187:
3061:
3004:
1514:
Die Wahl Amadeo's von Savoyen zum Papste durch das Basler Konzil (1439)
632:
213:
17:
1477:
Annales de la Société des Lettres, Sciences et Arts des Alpes-Maritime
1475:
Hildesheimer, E. (1970). "Le Pape du Concile, Amédée VIII de Savoie,"
5150:
5060:
4965:
4502:
3807:
3792:
3736:
3703:
668:
557:
387:
347:
4600:
3768:
3732:
2588:
1743:
773:
was counted as one of the popes of that name. The second official
647:
in the Church after Pope Nicholas. It then adjourned permanently.
543:
475:
with six other knights in 1434. They lived alone in the castle of
1952:
3773:
3492:
5707:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
4674:
2592:
2579:
2133:
1956:
1747:
1552:
Race-ing Art History: Critical Readings in Race and Art History
1505:
Mémoires et documents de la Société d'histoire et d'archéologie
1280:
Mémoires et documents de la Société d'histoire et d'archéologie
1136:
Mémoires et documents de la Société d'histoire et d'archéologie
597:(Piccolomini) in the bull "Inter Ceteras" of 12 November 1459.
1570:
The Search for a Patron in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
1066:
Report of Cardinal Aleman to the Council of Basel: Guichenon,
1508:, Volume 5 (Genève: La Société/F. Ramboz, 1847), pp. 127-354.
1468:
Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe, 1350–1550
464:, thus finally uniting the male lines of the House of Savoy.
2129:
950:
948:
456:, his brother-in-law, the last male of the elder branch of
694:
Anthony of Savoy (September 1407 – bef. 12 December 1407).
5596:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1543:
The Good King: René of Anjou and Fifteenth Century Europe
1258:
Memorie storiche de' cardinali della santa Romana chiesa,
1398:
Andenmatten, B.; Paravicini Bagliani, A. (ed.) (1992).
1173:
Histoire des Conciles: d'aprés les documents originaux,
1561:
Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State
1092:"Die Universität Basel in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart"
1023:"Die Universität Basel in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart"
726:
Philip of Savoy (1417 – 3 March 1444), Count of Genève
576:
A delegation, which included the secretary and notary
5951:
5627:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
732:(7 August 1420 – 30 September 1479), married firstly
911:
909:
907:
723:
Bonne of Savoy (September 1415 – 25 September 1430).
720:(24 February 1413 – 29 January 1465), his successor.
5811:
5677:
5604:
5539:
5423:
5358:
5260:
5182:
5084:
5073:
4996:
4856:
4845:
4712:
4566:
4423:
4236:
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4082:
3972:
3823:
3712:
3605:
3552:
3477:
3448:
3373:
3298:
3233:
3178:
3097:
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2881:
2813:
2758:
2677:
2654:
2511:
2488:
2457:
2450:
2414:
2381:
2370:
2254:
2213:
2167:
1454:
Histoire Généalogique De La Royale Maison De Savoye
1179:, Volume 11 (Paris: A. Le Clere 1876), pp. 573-574.
353:
337:
323:
318:
310:
305:
291:
274:
266:
258:
248:
234:
224:
212:
176:
148:
144:
126:
116:
108:
101:
90:
80:
72:
65:
34:
1418:. Paris: Ch. Delagrave 1907. See: pp. 49–182.
973:Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio,
1494:. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
5697:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1006:, with a list of the electors at p. 120, note 1.
529:, who wanted to set limits upon the doctrine of
1568:Wilkins, David G.; Wilkins, Rebecca L. (1996).
980:, Vol. 29 (Venice: A. Zatta 1788), pp. 165-169.
703:(end January 1411 – 22 February 1469), married
697:Anthony of Savoy (1408 – aft. 10 October 1408).
374:(4 September 1383 – 7 January 1451), nicknamed
1358:
1096:Archiv für das schweizerische Unterrichtswesen
1027:Archiv für das schweizerische Unterrichtswesen
452:to duke of Savoy. In 1418, his distant cousin
4686:
2604:
2145:
1968:
1759:
521:, the movement to have the Church managed by
8:
6071:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
386:from 1416 to 1440. He was a claimant to the
1642:
5712:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
5662:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5081:
5070:
4853:
4693:
4679:
4671:
4533:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3474:
2989:
2674:
2611:
2597:
2589:
2576:
2454:
2378:
2152:
2138:
2130:
1975:
1961:
1953:
1766:
1752:
1744:
1655:
1636:
1630:
1264:, Vol. 3 (Roma: Pagliarini, 1793), p. 120.
823:
357:
169: 1386–1428)
44:
31:
29:Savoyard nobleman and antipope (1383–1451)
954:
817:
811:
607:18th century portrait of antipope Felix V
560:. The president of the Council, Cardinal
1382:
1370:
602:
494:
5958:
1346:
1334:
790:
758:
691:Margaret of Savoy (13 May 1405 – 1418).
183:
927:
915:
448:, and in 1416 Amadeus was elevated by
802:
800:
798:
796:
794:
742:Louis IV, Count Palatine of the Rhine
548:18th century Portrait of Amadeus VIII
481:Decanus Militum solitudinis Ripalliae
7:
1649:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
1458:. Livre VI, Contenant Les Preuves.
842:
830:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
5566:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
1434:A Companion to the Council of Basel
499:Félix V accepting the authority of
5121:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1479:, 61 (1969–1970), pp. 41–48.
1088:, (H. Georg, 1860), pp. 268-270.
25:
6061:Deans of the College of Cardinals
1550:Pinder, Kymberly N., ed. (2002).
425:. Even as a boy he suffered from
417:on 4 September 1383, the son of
5973:
5961:
5928:
5916:
5247:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5202:Second Council of Constantinople
4655:
4654:
4643:
4611:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4159:Criticism of the Catholic Church
2558:
2548:
2547:
2118:
1941:
1595:
1583:
638:After the death of his opponent
5217:Third Council of Constantinople
5141:First Council of Constantinople
2778:First seven ecumenical councils
1447:. Longmans, Green, and Company.
460:, died, leaving Amadeus as his
265:
257:
166:
6046:15th-century Italian cardinals
5456:Dissolution of the monasteries
4722:History of the Catholic Church
3353:Separation of church and state
1624: Bernard Andenmatten:
1541:Kekewich, Margaret L. (2008).
1521:. Marburg: R. Friedrich, 1901.
746:Ulrich V, Count of Württemberg
1:
5330:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5305:Second Council of the Lateran
4914:Apostles in the New Testament
2513:Conclavist/post-Sedevacantist
1486:Kirsch, Johann Peter (1909).
134:
6011:14th-century counts of Savoy
5444:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5310:Third Council of the Lateran
5300:First Council of the Lateran
4756:Catholic ecumenical councils
1610:Cognasso, Francesco (2000).
1524:Stieber, Joachim W. (1978).
1421:Cognasso, Francesco (1930).
491:Pope of the Council of Basel
6016:15th-century dukes of Savoy
5996:Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy
1590:Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy
1441:Creighton, Mandell (1892).
517:Amadeus was sympathetic to
419:Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy
229:Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy
6087:
6051:Cardinal-bishops of Sabina
4790:History of the Roman Curia
4650:Catholic Church portal
1451:Guichenon, Samuel (1660).
1359:Wilkins & Wilkins 1996
578:Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini
5911:
5526:European wars of religion
4837:Eastern Catholic Churches
4638:
4576:Aid to the Church in Need
4197:Vatican Television Center
3842:Eastern Catholic Churches
2626:
2586:
2581:Links to related articles
2543:
2490:Apostles of Infinite Love
2116:
1990:
1939:
1781:
1737:County elevated to Duchy
1726:
1718:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1685:
1660:Amadeus VIII the Peaceful
1658:
1559:Vaughan, Richard (2005).
1492:The Catholic Encyclopedia
1246:Eubel II, p. 29, no. 123.
683:(1386–1428), daughter of
365:
244:
43:
5657:Mary of the Divine Heart
5280:Clash against the empire
5232:Second Council of Nicaea
5126:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4518:Communion and Liberation
3982:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3147:Mystici Corporis Christi
3075:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
2371:Late Middle Ages /
1696:County elevated to Duchy
527:Cardinal Aleman of Arles
507:, illumination from the
6056:Medieval child monarchs
5923:Vatican City portal
5275:Investiture Controversy
5131:First Council of Nicaea
3333:Philosophy of canon law
3263:Mariology of the saints
2843:Investiture Controversy
1425:. 2 vols. Turin, 1930.
1423:Amadeo VIII (1383–1451)
525:, and to prelates like
510:Vigilles de Charles VII
483:. He appointed his son
6066:15th-century antipopes
6036:Monarchs who abdicated
5935:Catholicism portal
5746:Second Vatican Council
5632:Our Lady of La Salette
5439:Protestant Reformation
5426:Protestant Reformation
5345:Second Council of Lyon
4734:Ecclesiastical history
4586:Catholic Charities USA
4220:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4208:Vatican Polyglot Press
3258:Mariology of the popes
2896:Protestant Reformation
2565:Catholicism portal
1466:Hand, Joni M. (2016).
1462:. Lyon: Barbier, 1660.
1411:Le château de Ripaille
1237:Eubel II, p. 7, no. 8.
1224:Histoire des Conciles,
1191:Histoire des Conciles,
856:Le château de Ripaille
767:numbering of the popes
705:Filippo Maria Visconti
679:Count Amadeus married
608:
549:
514:
473:Order of Saint Maurice
382:from 1391 to 1416 and
5642:First Vatican Council
5340:First Council of Lyon
5104:Constantine the Great
4800:Christian monasticism
4340:Good Shepherd Sisters
4182:Holy See Press Office
3420:Doctors of the Church
3253:Immaculate Conception
3208:Anointing of the Sick
2743:History of the papacy
2342:Victor IV (1159–1164)
1616:Enciclopedia dei Papi
1602:Amadeus VIII of Savoy
1545:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1511:Manger, Hugo (1901).
1460:(in French and Latin)
1086:(in German and Latin)
617:Emperor Frederick III
615:On 20 July 1447, the
606:
547:
498:
487:regent of the duchy.
390:from 1439 to 1449 as
6026:People from Chambéry
5819:Sexual abuse scandal
5728:Mit brennender Sorge
5571:Age of Enlightenment
5350:Bernard of Clairvaux
5227:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5166:Council of Chalcedon
4946:Council of Jerusalem
4815:Role in civilization
4795:Religious institutes
4727:By country or region
4213:L'Osservatore Romano
4151:Role in civilisation
3877:Croatian and Serbian
3625:Episcopal conference
3587:St. Peter's Basilica
2945:Sexual abuse scandal
2901:Catholic Reformation
1612:"Felice V, antipapa"
1592:at Wikimedia Commons
1444:The Council of Basel
1408:Bruchet, M. (1907).
1170:Carl Joseph Hefele,
970:. J.D. Mansi (ed.),
435:Charles VI of France
413:Amadeus was born in
5647:Papal infallibility
5637:Our Lady of Lourdes
5586:Shimabara Rebellion
5430:Counter-Reformation
4548:Neocatechumenal Way
4513:Charismatic Renewal
4227:Annuario Pontificio
3825:Particular churches
3501:Ecumenical councils
3273:Perpetual virginity
3108:Communitas perfecta
3052:Sermon on the Mount
2099:Charles Emmanuel II
1535:For further reading
1530:Leiden: Brill 1978.
591:University of Basel
535:Council of Florence
523:Ecumenical councils
57:Nuremberg Chronicle
5692:Our Lady of Fátima
5481:Ignatius of Loyola
5405:Catherine of Siena
5373:Pope Boniface VIII
5192:Benedict of Nursia
5161:Council of Ephesus
4998:Ante-Nicene period
4951:Split with Judaism
4785:Crusading movement
4385:Premonstratensians
2768:Ante-Nicene period
2646:Lists of Catholics
2075:Charles Emmanuel I
2067:Emmanuel Philibert
1600:Works by or about
1572:. E. Mellen Press.
1255:Lorenzo Cardella,
1090:Staehelin, Ernst.
1021:Staehelin, Ernst.
1019:. Eubel II, p. 9.
976:editio novissima,
769:began to be used,
675:Marriage and issue
609:
550:
515:
505:Martial d'Auvergne
469:Hundred Years' War
140:– 5 February 1440)
5949:
5948:
5943:
5942:
5903:COVID-19 pandemic
5881:Pope Benedict XVI
5786:Pope John Paul II
5561:Pope Benedict XIV
5547:French Revolution
5531:Thirty Years' War
5521:Robert Bellarmine
5506:John of the Cross
5410:Pope Alexander VI
5395:Council of Vienne
5325:Francis of Assisi
5315:Pope Innocent III
5184:Early Middle Ages
5178:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5116:Arian controversy
5069:
5068:
5017:Apostolic Fathers
4668:
4667:
4078:
4077:
3471:
3294:
3293:
2986:
2963:
2962:
2955:COVID-19 pandemic
2925:French Revolution
2915:Thirty Years' War
2823:Islamic conquests
2736:Apostolic fathers
2671:
2573:
2572:
2539:
2538:
2437:
2436:
2214:Early Middle Ages
2127:
2126:
2107:Victor Amadeus II
1950:
1949:
1742:
1741:
1709:Succeeded by
1588:Media related to
1402:. Lausanne 1992.
1161:Eubel II, p. 158.
1152:Eubel II, p. 137.
1079:Wilhelm Vischer,
771:Antipope Felix II
454:Louis of Piedmont
450:Emperor Sigismund
369:
368:
37:
16:(Redirected from
6078:
6031:Counts of Geneva
6021:Princes of Savoy
5978:
5977:
5966:
5965:
5964:
5957:
5933:
5932:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5898:Patriarch Kirill
5771:Pope John Paul I
5576:Anti-clericalism
5556:Pope Innocent XI
5476:Society of Jesus
5461:Council of Trent
5415:Age of Discovery
5360:Late Middle Ages
5262:High Middle Ages
5252:East–West Schism
5136:Pope Sylvester I
5082:
5071:
4981:General epistles
4976:Pauline epistles
4909:John the Baptist
4892:Great Commission
4854:
4805:Catholic culture
4695:
4688:
4681:
4672:
4658:
4657:
4648:
4647:
4390:Redemptoristines
4238:Religious orders
4164:Anti-Catholicism
4114:Church buildings
3974:Catholic liturgy
3714:Consecrated life
3572:Apostolic Palace
3539:Synod of Bishops
3475:
3451:
3057:Ten Commandments
2990:
2972:
2873:Age of Discovery
2707:Great Commission
2675:
2659:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2590:
2577:
2563:
2562:
2551:
2550:
2455:
2379:
2337:Victor IV (1138)
2255:High Middle Ages
2154:
2147:
2140:
2131:
2122:
2091:Francis Hyacinth
2083:Victor Amadeus I
1977:
1970:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1745:
1719:Preceded by
1681:
1674:
1673:4 September 1383
1656:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1621:
1618:(Treccani 2000)
1599:
1587:
1573:
1564:
1563:. Boydell Press.
1555:
1546:
1520:
1501:
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895:
889:
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876:
873:pp. 43-48; 50-54
869:
863:
852:
846:
840:
834:
825:
819:
813:
804:
778:
763:
681:Mary of Burgundy
667:Amadeus died in
433:, niece of King
395:in opposition to
361:
344:
327:4 September 1383
319:Personal details
187:
170:
168:
155:Mary of Burgundy
139:
136:
95:Bonne of Bourbon
48:
35:
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21:
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5939:
5927:
5917:
5915:
5907:
5829:World Youth Day
5807:
5796:World Youth Day
5740:Pacem in terris
5734:Pope John XXIII
5673:
5600:
5591:Edict of Nantes
5549:
5545:
5535:
5501:Teresa of Ávila
5496:Tridentine Mass
5432:
5428:
5419:
5400:Knights Templar
5354:
5256:
5212:Gregorian chant
5170:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5077:
5065:
4992:
4861:
4849:
4841:
4708:
4706:Catholic Church
4699:
4669:
4664:
4642:
4634:
4613:
4596:Relief Services
4562:
4508:Catholic Action
4498:Military orders
4435:Confraternities
4427:of the faithful
4426:
4419:
4241:
4232:
4168:
4074:
3968:
3827:
3819:
3752:Prior, Prioress
3708:
3601:
3597:Vatican Museums
3548:
3481:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3450:
3444:
3369:
3323:Social teaching
3290:
3229:
3174:
3129:One true church
3093:
3070:Sixtine Vulgate
3066:Official Bible
2980:
2976:
2971:
2959:
2877:
2809:
2754:
2724:Petrine primacy
2667:
2663:
2658:
2650:
2622:
2620:Catholic Church
2617:
2582:
2574:
2569:
2557:
2535:
2507:
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2410:
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2114:
1986:
1981:
1951:
1946:
1937:
1777:
1775:Counts of Savoy
1772:
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1124:
1119:
1115:
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1103:
1089:
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1078:
1074:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1035:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1001:
997:
988:
984:
977:
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961:
953:
946:
938:
934:
926:
922:
914:
905:
896:
892:
883:
879:
870:
866:
860:pp. 42, 82, 424
853:
849:
841:
837:
805:
792:
787:
782:
781:
764:
760:
755:
685:Philip the Bold
677:
657:Pope Nicholas V
653:
644:Pope Nicholas V
586:
570:
531:papal supremacy
493:
411:
346:
342:
333:
328:
300:Pope Nicholas V
298:
281:
253:Catholic Church
208:
181:
180:
172:
164:
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157:
137:
61:
54:Felix V in the
38:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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5908:
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5883:
5878:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5866:
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5851:
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5841:
5836:
5826:
5821:
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5813:
5809:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5736:
5731:
5724:
5719:
5717:Lateran Treaty
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5683:
5681:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5664:
5659:
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5608:
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5599:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5552:
5550:
5542:Baroque period
5540:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5511:Peter Canisius
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5486:Francis Xavier
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5450:Exsurge Domine
5446:
5441:
5435:
5433:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5390:Pope Clement V
5387:
5386:
5385:
5383:Avignon Papacy
5378:Western Schism
5375:
5370:
5368:Thomas Aquinas
5364:
5362:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5352:
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5254:
5249:
5244:
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5234:
5229:
5224:
5222:Saint Boniface
5219:
5214:
5209:
5207:Pope Gregory I
5204:
5199:
5194:
5188:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5146:Biblical canon
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5112:
5111:
5100:
5098:
5079:
5075:Late antiquity
5067:
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5064:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5022:Pope Clement I
5012:Church Fathers
5009:
5003:
5001:
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4993:
4991:
4990:
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4781:
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4773:Biblical canon
4768:Catholic Bible
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4764:
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4751:
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4730:
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4543:Legion of Mary
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4472:Lay Carmelites
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4457:
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4418:
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4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4320:Conceptionists
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4255:Assumptionists
4251:
4249:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4088:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3978:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3957:Syro-Malankara
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3907:Italo-Albanian
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3833:
3831:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3795:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3725:
3718:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3616:
3614:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3577:Lateran Treaty
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3503:
3498:
3489:
3487:
3472:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3390:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3338:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3313:Moral theology
3310:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3283:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3143:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3103:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3077:
3072:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3007:
2996:
2994:
2987:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2887:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2828:Pope Gregory I
2825:
2819:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2800:Biblical canon
2797:
2795:Late antiquity
2792:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2775:
2770:
2764:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2731:Church fathers
2728:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2683:
2681:
2672:
2665:Ecclesiastical
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2555:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2517:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2461:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2376:
2374:Western Schism
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2267:Anastasius III
2264:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2241:Constantine II
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2168:Late Antiquity
2165:
2164:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1984:Dukes of Savoy
1982:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1957:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1805:(1051/56–1060)
1799:
1797:(1048–1051/56)
1791:
1789:(1003–1047/48)
1782:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:Count of Savoy
1725:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1707:
1698:
1695:
1688:
1687:
1686:Regnal titles
1683:
1682:
1680:7 January 1451
1665:House of Savoy
1662:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1646:in the online
1622:
1608:
1593:
1579:
1578:External links
1576:
1575:
1574:
1565:
1556:
1547:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1522:
1509:
1496:
1483:
1473:
1463:
1449:
1438:
1429:
1419:
1406:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:, p. 214.
1375:
1363:
1361:, p. 107.
1351:
1339:
1327:
1314:
1297:
1285:
1266:
1248:
1239:
1230:
1214:
1201:
1181:
1163:
1154:
1141:
1122:
1113:
1101:
1072:
1059:
1046:
1033:
1008:
995:
982:
959:
957:, p. 211.
955:Creighton 1892
944:
932:
920:
903:
890:
877:
864:
847:
835:
827:in the online
789:
788:
786:
783:
780:
779:
757:
756:
754:
751:
750:
749:
738:king of Naples
727:
724:
721:
715:
712:
698:
695:
692:
676:
673:
652:
649:
640:Pope Eugene IV
585:
582:
569:
566:
539:Pope Eugene IV
537:, convened by
513:(15th century)
492:
489:
458:House of Savoy
446:Savoyard state
431:Bonne de Berry
423:Bonne of Berry
410:
409:Count and duke
407:
380:Count of Savoy
367:
366:
363:
362:
355:
351:
350:
345:(aged 67)
341:7 January 1451
339:
335:
334:
329:
325:
321:
320:
316:
315:
312:
308:
307:
303:
302:
296:Pope Eugene IV
293:
289:
288:
276:
272:
271:
268:
264:
263:
260:
256:
255:
250:
246:
245:
242:
241:
239:Bonne of Berry
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
216:
210:
209:
207:
206:
201:
196:
190:
188:
184:(among others)
174:
173:
162:
158:
153:
152:
150:
146:
145:
142:
141:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
99:
98:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
67:Count of Savoy
63:
62:
49:
41:
40:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6083:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5969:
5959:
5955:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5924:
5914:
5913:
5910:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5893:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5810:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5776:Mother Teresa
5774:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5702:Pope Pius XII
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5668:Rerum novarum
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5652:Pope Leo XIII
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5622:United States
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5612:Pope Pius VII
5610:
5609:
5607:
5603:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5422:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5384:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5295:Scholasticism
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5270:Pope Urban II
5268:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5259:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5087:
5083:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5046:Justin Martyr
5044:
5040:
5037:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4956:New Testament
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4919:Commissioning
4917:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4863:Apostolic Age
4859:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4749:Papal primacy
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4696:
4691:
4689:
4684:
4682:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4661:
4653:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4591:Home Missions
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4484:Saint Francis
4482:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Saint Dominic
4465:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4422:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4280:Bethlehemites
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4202:Vatican Radio
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4187:Vatican Media
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4171:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4024:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:List of popes
3480:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3268:Mother of God
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:People of God
3151:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3142:
3141:Infallibility
3139:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:Body and soul
3015:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2970:
2966:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2920:Enlightenment
2918:
2916:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2891:Protestantism
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2868:Scholasticism
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2853:Schism (1378)
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2838:Schism (1054)
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2609:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2578:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2554:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:Gregory XVIII
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:Benedict XIII
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:Callixtus III
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2121:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1944:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1702:Duke of Savoy
1693:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1672:
1667:
1666:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1457:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1384:
1383:Kekewich 2008
1379:
1376:
1373:, p. 54.
1372:
1371:Kekewich 2008
1367:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1349:, p. 53.
1348:
1343:
1340:
1337:, p. 82.
1336:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1270:
1267:
1260:
1259:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:. Guichenon,
1194:
1192:
1185:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1005:
999:
996:
992:
986:
983:
975:
974:
969:
963:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
942:
936:
933:
930:, p. 44.
929:
924:
921:
917:
912:
910:
908:
904:
900:
894:
891:
887:
881:
878:
874:
868:
865:
861:
857:
851:
848:
845:, appendix 4.
844:
839:
836:
832:
831:
826:
820:
814:
808:
803:
801:
799:
797:
795:
791:
784:
776:
772:
768:
762:
759:
752:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
709:duke of Milan
706:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
689:
688:
686:
682:
674:
672:
670:
665:
662:
658:
650:
648:
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
625:
623:
618:
613:
605:
601:
598:
596:
592:
583:
581:
579:
574:
567:
565:
563:
559:
554:
546:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
512:
511:
506:
502:
497:
490:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
393:
389:
385:
384:Duke of Savoy
381:
377:
373:
364:
360:
356:
352:
349:
340:
336:
332:
326:
322:
317:
313:
309:
304:
301:
297:
294:
290:
287:
285:
280:
277:
273:
269:
261:
254:
251:
247:
243:
240:
237:
233:
230:
227:
223:
220:
217:
215:
211:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
191:
189:
186:
185:
179:
175:
156:
151:
147:
143:
132:
129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
103:Duke of Savoy
100:
96:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
64:
59:
58:
53:
47:
42:
33:
27:
19:
5980:Christianity
5890:
5886:Pope Francis
5812:21st century
5761:Pope Paul VI
5738:
5726:
5679:20th century
5666:
5617:Pope Pius IX
5605:19th century
5581:Pope Pius VI
5448:
5320:Latin Empire
5290:Universities
5242:Pope Leo III
5109:Christianity
5094:state church
5086:Great Church
4887:Resurrection
4850:(30–325/476)
4847:Early Church
4832:Latin Church
4827:Papal States
4822:Vatican City
4630:Universities
4462:Third orders
4425:Associations
4415:Visitandines
4410:Trinitarians
4360:Mercedarians
4345:Hieronymites
4290:Camaldoleses
4275:Benedictines
4265:Augustinians
4225:
4218:
4211:
4192:Vatican News
4146:Distinctions
3952:Syro-Malabar
3837:Latin Church
3759:Grand master
3657:Metropolitan
3554:Vatican City
3449:Organisation
3328:Philosophers
3193:Confirmation
3170:In canon law
3164:Subsistit in
3162:
3158:Three states
3145:
3106:
3099:Ecclesiology
3081:Nova Vulgata
3079:
3037:Original sin
3032:Nicene Creed
3022:Divine grace
2981:
2863:Universities
2833:Papal States
2760:Great Church
2702:Resurrection
2679:Early Church
2503:Gregory XVII
2466:Gregory XVII
2441:
2406:Benedict XIV
2401:Clement VIII
2357:Innocent III
2332:Anacletus II
2327:Celestine II
2322:Gregory VIII
2317:Sylvester IV
2277:Boniface VII
2109:
2101:
2093:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2061:
2053:
2051:Philibert II
2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1995:Amadeus VIII
1994:
1932:
1930:Amadeus VIII
1929:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1860:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1828:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1736:
1727:
1700:
1692:New creation
1691:
1677:
1670:
1663:
1647:
1625:
1620:(in Italian)
1615:
1569:
1560:
1554:. Routledge.
1551:
1542:
1526:
1513:
1504:
1491:
1476:
1470:. Routledge.
1467:
1452:
1443:
1433:
1427:(in Italian)
1422:
1410:
1399:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1347:Vaughan 2005
1342:
1335:Vaughan 2005
1330:
1317:
1308:. Cardella,
1300:
1288:
1279:
1269:
1262:(in Italian)
1257:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1223:
1217:
1204:
1190:
1184:
1172:
1166:
1157:
1150:pp. 279-281.
1144:
1135:
1125:
1116:
1104:
1095:
1081:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1036:
1026:
1011:
998:
985:
972:
962:
935:
923:
893:
880:
867:
855:
850:
838:
828:
806:
761:
744:and thirdly
678:
666:
661:papal legate
654:
637:
629:Commentaries
628:
626:
614:
610:
599:
595:Pope Pius II
593:in 1460, by
587:
575:
571:
562:Louis Aleman
555:
551:
519:conciliarism
516:
508:
480:
466:
462:heir-general
443:
412:
391:
376:the Peaceful
375:
372:Amadeus VIII
371:
370:
354:Coat of arms
343:(1451-01-07)
314:24 July 1440
311:Consecration
282:
270:7 April 1449
267:Papacy ended
262:24 July 1440
259:Papacy began
182:
55:
50:Portrait of
26:
6006:1451 deaths
6001:1383 births
5892:Laudato si'
5687:Pope Pius X
5516:Philip Neri
5491:Pope Pius V
5466:Thomas More
5335:Inquisition
5237:Charlemagne
5197:Monasticism
5007:Persecution
4899:Holy Spirit
4882:Crucifixion
4761:First seven
4620:Health care
4606:Pax Christi
4558:Schoenstatt
4523:Sant'Egidio
4355:Legionaries
4335:Franciscans
4310:Cistercians
4305:Carthusians
4260:Annonciades
4119:Altarpieces
4012:West Syriac
4007:East Syriac
3987:Alexandrian
3611:Holy orders
3592:Swiss Guard
3532:Dicasteries
3527:Roman Curia
3425:Evangelists
3383:Holy Family
3318:Personalism
3308:Natural law
3286:Josephology
3220:Holy orders
2858:Inquisition
2815:Middle Ages
2805:Monasticism
2773:Constantine
2697:Crucifixion
2424:Alexander V
2391:Clement VII
2347:Paschal III
2302:Clement III
2297:Honorius II
2272:Christopher
2110:(1675–1730)
2102:(1638–1675)
2094:(1637–1638)
2086:(1630–1637)
2078:(1580–1630)
2070:(1553–1580)
2062:(1504–1553)
2059:Charles III
2054:(1497–1504)
2046:(1496–1497)
2038:(1490–1496)
2030:(1482–1490)
2022:(1472–1482)
2019:Philibert I
2014:(1465–1472)
2006:(1440–1465)
1998:(1416–1440)
1933:(1391–1416)
1925:(1383–1391)
1922:Amadeus VII
1917:(1343–1383)
1909:(1329–1343)
1901:(1323–1329)
1893:(1285–1323)
1885:(1268–1285)
1877:(1263–1268)
1869:(1253–1263)
1861:(1233–1253)
1853:(1189–1233)
1845:(1148–1189)
1842:Umberto III
1837:(1103–1148)
1834:Amadeus III
1829:(1080–1103)
1821:(1060–1080)
1813:(1060–1078)
1722:Amadeus VII
1519:(in German)
1500:(in French)
1481:(in French)
1416:(in French)
1404:(in French)
1321:Guichenon,
1310:pp. 120-121
1275:(in French)
1210:pp. 330-331
1208:Guichenon,
1197:pp. 328-329
1193:pp. 575-576
1177:(in French)
1131:(in French)
1068:pp. 316-317
1055:pp. 122-123
1042:pp. 314-316
1040:Guichenon,
1004:pp. 119-120
928:Pinder 2002
916:Kirsch 1909
899:pp. 240-242
897:Guichenon,
886:pp. 232-235
884:Guichenon,
740:, secondly
275:Predecessor
138: 1434
97:(1391–1397)
85:Amadeus VII
81:Predecessor
5990:Categories
5765:coronation
5471:Pope Leo X
5056:Tertullian
4986:Revelation
4961:Background
4375:Oratorians
4330:Dominicans
4300:Carmelites
4295:Camillians
4243:institutes
4056:Tridentine
3992:Antiochian
3912:Macedonian
3857:Belarusian
3747:Provincial
3662:Archbishop
3582:Roman Rota
3544:Properties
3469:By country
3465:Precedence
3430:Confessors
3410:Archangels
3400:Patriarchs
3300:Philosophy
3278:Veneration
3243:Assumption
3213:Last rites
3180:Sacraments
3124:Four marks
2935:Vatican II
2883:Modern era
2719:Succession
2531:Michael II
2498:Clement XV
2451:Modern era
2429:John XXIII
2362:Nicholas V
2292:Benedict X
2287:Gregory VI
2221:Laurentius
2180:Hippolytus
2035:Charles II
2011:Amadeus IX
1914:Amadeus VI
1858:Amadeus IV
1826:Umberto II
1818:Amadeus II
1733:1391–1416
1706:1416–1440
1606:Wikisource
1472:appendix 4
1226:p. 576-577
978:(in Latin)
785:References
775:Pope Felix
736:, titular
651:Later life
501:Nicholas V
427:strabismus
403:Nicholas V
292:Opposed to
6041:Antipopes
5968:Biography
5781:Communism
5751:Ecumenism
5097:(380–451)
5089:(180–451)
5078:(313–476)
5000:(100–325)
4616:See also:
4568:Charities
4477:Discalced
4405:Trappists
4400:Theatines
4370:Olivetans
4315:Clarisses
4285:Blue nuns
4270:Basilians
4247:societies
4155:See also:
4041:Mozarabic
4031:Ambrosian
4017:Malankara
4002:Byzantine
3962:Ukrainian
3937:Ruthenian
3902:Hungarian
3887:Ethiopian
3862:Bulgarian
3829:sui iuris
3813:Postulant
3722:Religious
3677:Auxiliary
3672:Coadjutor
3642:Patriarch
3510:Cardinals
3457:Canon law
3453:Hierarchy
3435:Disciples
3358:Relations
3346:Evolution
3337:See also:
3282:See also:
3235:Mariology
3225:Matrimony
3198:Eucharist
3119:Ecumenism
3047:Salvation
2983:Catechism
2978:Tradition
2940:Communism
2788:Chalcedon
2526:Pius XIII
2521:Michael I
2481:Peter III
2459:Palmarian
2307:Theodoric
2262:John VIII
2226:Dioscorus
2200:Ursicinus
2190:Heraclius
2161:Antipopes
2043:Philip II
2027:Charles I
1890:Amadeus V
1794:Amadeus I
1786:Umberto I
1488:"Felix V"
1304:Bruchet,
1108:Bruchet,
1053:Bruchet,
1015:Bruchet,
1002:Bruchet,
991:pp. 54-58
989:Stieber,
968:pp. 49-51
966:Stieber,
871:Bruchet,
854:Bruchet,
843:Hand 2016
734:Louis III
541:in 1438.
399:Eugene IV
286:claimant:
279:Eugene IV
117:Successor
112:1416–1440
76:1391–1416
36:Antipope
5791:HIV/AIDS
5285:Crusades
5039:Irenaeus
5032:Ignatius
5027:Polycarp
4877:Ministry
4865:(30–100)
4739:Timeline
4660:Category
4553:Opus Dei
4538:Scouting
4528:Focolare
4395:Servites
4380:Piarists
4325:Crosiers
4061:Anglican
3997:Armenian
3927:Romanian
3917:Maronite
3892:Georgian
3882:Eritrean
3867:Chaldean
3852:Armenian
3847:Albanian
3728:Superior
3687:Emeritus
3667:Diocesan
3520:Advisers
3479:Holy See
3405:Prophets
3363:Politics
3134:Catholic
3114:Councils
2969:Theology
2848:Crusades
2783:Nicaea I
2714:Apostles
2692:Ministry
2661:Timeline
2641:Glossary
2553:Category
2471:Peter II
2312:Adalbert
2282:John XVI
2231:Theodore
2205:Eulalius
2195:Felix II
2185:Novatian
2175:Natalius
1882:Philip I
1874:Peter II
1866:Boniface
1626:Felix V.
1436:. Brill.
1292:Mallet,
1221:Hefele,
1188:Hefele,
1148:Mallet,
939:Mallet,
730:Margaret
622:Lausanne
568:Election
477:Ripaille
439:minority
415:Chambéry
331:Chambéry
204:Margaret
52:antipope
5954:Portals
5756:Judaism
5156:Vulgate
4966:Gospels
4941:Stephen
4858:Origins
4778:Vulgate
4714:General
4704:of the
4702:History
4625:Schools
4581:Caritas
4489:Secular
4455:Workers
4350:Jesuits
4136:Museums
4131:Library
4109:Writers
4104:Artists
4084:Culture
4051:Paul VI
3932:Russian
3922:Melkite
3764:Brother
3742:General
3682:Titular
3652:Primate
3630:Eparchy
3620:Diocese
3567:Outline
3506:College
3496:Francis
3440:Virgins
3415:Martyrs
3341:Science
3248:History
3203:Penance
3188:Baptism
3089:Worship
3062:Vulgate
3010:Kingdom
3005:Trinity
2993:General
2748:Primacy
2656:History
2636:Outline
2442:Felix V
2383:Avignon
2236:Paschal
1810:Peter I
1643:Italian
1393:Sources
1294:p. 154.
1110:p. 130.
941:p. 271.
824:Italian
807:Felix V
633:Pius II
558:heretic
392:Felix V
199:Louis I
171:
163:
159:
131:Louis I
121:Louis I
39:Felix V
18:Felix V
5722:Nazism
5544:to the
5151:Jerome
5061:Origen
4744:Papacy
4503:Fimcap
4445:Marian
4365:Minims
4097:Marian
3947:Syriac
3942:Slovak
3872:Coptic
3808:Oblate
3803:Master
3798:Novice
3793:Hermit
3781:Sister
3737:Abbess
3704:Deacon
3699:Priest
3694:Parish
3637:Bishop
3607:Polity
3393:Joseph
3375:Saints
3042:Saints
2930:Nazism
2246:Philip
1906:Aimone
1898:Edward
1850:Thomas
1676:
1637:French
1631:German
1502:, in:
1323:p. 341
1306:p. 131
1277:, in:
1133:, in:
1098:: 7–8.
1029:: 7–8.
1017:p. 122
818:French
812:German
669:Geneva
397:Popes
388:papacy
378:, was
348:Geneva
306:Orders
249:Church
235:Mother
225:Father
149:Spouse
127:Regent
91:Regent
60:(1493)
5824:Islam
5092:Roman
5051:Canon
4924:Peter
4872:Jesus
4601:CIDSE
4450:Youth
4174:Media
4141:Music
4066:Zaire
4046:Roman
4036:Braga
4026:Latin
3897:Greek
3769:Friar
3733:Abbot
3647:Major
3562:Index
3461:Laity
3027:Dogma
2974:Bible
2950:Islam
2906:Trent
2687:Jesus
2669:Legal
2631:Index
2003:Louis
1712:Louis
1678:Died:
1671:Born:
765:When
753:Notes
718:Louis
701:Marie
485:Louis
284:Roman
219:Savoy
214:House
194:Marie
178:Issue
165:(
161:
109:Reign
73:Reign
5874:2023
5869:2019
5864:2016
5859:2013
5854:2011
5849:2008
5844:2005
5839:2002
5834:2000
5801:1995
4971:Acts
4934:Paul
4929:John
4904:Mary
4126:Folk
3774:Monk
3515:List
3493:Pope
3388:Mary
2416:Pisa
1802:Otto
1640:and
1628:in
821:and
809:in
584:Pope
421:and
401:and
338:Died
324:Born
4860:and
4810:Art
4440:Lay
4092:Art
3786:Nun
3508:of
3000:God
1604:at
1414:.
631:of
5992::
4245:,
3735:,
1634:,
1614:.
1517:.
1490:.
1094:.
1025:.
947:^
906:^
858:,
815:,
793:^
707:,
635:.
503:,
441:.
405:.
167:m.
135:c.
5956::
5767:)
5763:(
4694:e
4687:t
4680:v
4240:,
3724::
3613:)
3609:(
3486:)
3482:(
2612:e
2605:t
2598:v
2153:e
2146:t
2139:v
1976:e
1969:t
1962:v
1767:e
1760:t
1753:v
1652:.
1325:.
1228:.
1212:.
1199:.
1070:.
1057:.
1044:.
1031:.
993:.
918:.
901:.
888:.
875:.
862:.
833:.
748:.
711:.
133:(
20:)
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