858:, and others were initially received and organized as vassal states under Muslim governors (e.g. Alicante, Niebla, Murcia), although they too were eventually permanently occupied and absorbed into Castile before the end of the century (Niebla in 1262, Murcia in 1264, Alicante in 1266). Outside of these vassal states, Christian rule could be heavy-handed on the new Muslim subjects. The range of Castilian conquests also sometimes transgressed into the spheres of interest of other conquerors. Thus, along the way, Ferdinand III took care to carefully negotiate with the other Christian kings to avoid conflict, e.g. the
726:
1095:
2538:
1259:
2859:
3476:
3512:
3194:
3536:
3524:
3488:
3500:
985:
3464:
594:
Alfonso of León considered himself tricked, and the young king had to begin his reign by a war against his father and a faction of the
Castilian nobles. His and his mother's abilities proved too much for the king of Leon and his Castilian allies. Berengaria continued to be a key influence on
1015:
by his son, Alfonso X. The funeral took place on 1 June 1252 and was officiated by
Remondo, Bishop of Segovia, in the cathedral. In the city there were royal vassals, bishops, abbots and wealthy men of the kingdom, who had come to show their lament. His tomb was inscribed in four languages:
42:
903:
to divide the conquests and between 1237 and 1244 a great deal of land was parcelled out to private individuals and members of the royal family as well as to the Church. On 10 March 1241, Ferdinand established seven outposts to define the boundary of the province of Córdoba.
1047:
of Saint
Ferdinand can still be seen in the Cathedral of Seville, for he rests enclosed in a gold and crystal casket worthy of the king. His golden crown still encircles his head as he reclines beneath the statue of the Virgin of the Kings. Several places named
760:
in 1230. The
Christian armies romped through the south virtually unopposed in the field. Individual Andalusian cities were left to resist or negotiate their capitulation by themselves, with little or no prospect of rescue from Morocco or anywhere else.
422:. Ferdinand III was one of the most successful kings of Castile, securing not only the permanent union of the crowns of Castile and León, but also masterminding the most expansive southward territorial expansion campaign yet in the
524:
The exact date of
Ferdinand's birth is unclear. It has been proposed to have been as early as 1199 or even 1198, although more recent researchers commonly date Ferdinand's birth in the summer of 1201. Ferdinand was born at the
1000:, a massively expanded kingdom. The boundaries of the new Castilian state established by Ferdinand III remained nearly unchanged until the late 15th century. His biographer, Sister María del Carmen Fernández de Castro Cabeza,
756:– immediately launched a series of raids on al-Andalus, renewed almost every year. There were no great battle encounters – Ibn Hud's makeshift Andalusian army was destroyed early on, while attempting to stop the Leonese at
898:
to the north, which
Ferdinand had not at the time subjugated. Only in 1236 did Ferdinand arrive with a royal army to take the Medina, the religious and administrative centre of the city. Ferdinand set up a council of
710:(the last of which had to be taken by siege). When al-Bayyasi was rejected and killed by a popular uprising in Córdoba shortly after, the Castilians remained in occupation of al-Bayyasi's holdings in
619:. But Ferdinand contested the will, and claimed the inheritance for himself. At length, an agreement was reached, negotiated primarily between their mothers, Berengaria and Teresa. The resulting
1206:
437:
river valley in the south of the
Iberian Peninsula, establishing the boundaries of the Castilian state for the next two centuries. New territories included important cities such as
627:, in return for a substantial compensation in cash and lands for his half-sisters, Sancha and Dulce. Ferdinand thus became the first sovereign of both kingdoms since the death of
740:, decided to abandon Spain, and left with the last remnant of the Almohad forces for Morocco. Al-Andalus was left fragmented in the hands of local strongmen, only loosely led by
3626:
2011:
Houben, Hubert (2023). "How did the
Teutonic Knights finance the construction of Montfort castle". In Khamisy, Rabei G.; Lewis, Rafael Y.; Shotten-Hallel, Vardit R. (eds.).
989:
3641:
2483:
3576:
3320:
3064:
1960:
1531:
2749:
1004:, asserts that, on his deathbed, Ferdinand said to his son "you will be rich in land and in many good vassals, more than any other king in Christendom."
3636:
3571:
890:
The capture of Córdoba was the result of a well-planned and executed process whereby parts of the city (the Ajarquía) first fell to the independent
3596:
1322:
963:
Orders throughout
Andalusia, thus determining the future religious character of that region. Ferdinand has also been credited with sustaining the
509:
674:
to contest the succession with his rival there, leaving al-Andalus relatively undefended. Al-Adil's rebellious cousin, Abdullah al-Bayyasi (the
976:
He took care not to overburden his subjects with taxation, fearing, as he said, the curse of one poor woman more than a whole army of
Saracens.
583:, but the legitimacy of the children was recognized. Berengaria then took their children, including Ferdinand, to the court of her father, King
3611:
3601:
3591:
1001:
3616:
2162:
2144:
2125:
2095:
1943:
1922:
1872:
1851:
1726:
768:
yet. In this great sweep, most of the great old citadels of al-Andalus fell one by one. Ferdinand III took the lion's share of the spoils –
616:
3631:
3581:
561:
678:), appealed to Ferdinand III for military assistance against the usurper. In 1225, a Castilian army accompanied al-Bayyasi in a campaign,
1329:, who had been intended as a bride for one of his brothers, that he abandoned his holy vows and married her. She died in 1262, childless.
1882:
Bianchini, Janna (2019). "The 'Infantazgo' in the Reign of Alfonso VIII". In Smith, Damian J.; Lincoln, Kyle C.; Gómez, Miguel (eds.).
3606:
3281:
2908:
2554:
1968:
545:
47:
556:
were the sons of Alfonso VII between whom his kingdom was divided. Ferdinand had other royal ancestors from his paternal grandmother
3258:
2885:
2522:
1742:
3253:
2880:
2517:
2476:
1361:
335:
3651:
3057:
996:
Ferdinand III had started out as a contested king of Castile. By the time of his death he had delivered to his son and heir,
725:
2742:
1332:
1094:
591:, died and she succeeded him on the Castilian throne with Ferdinand as her heir, but she quickly surrendered it to her son.
2376:
2316:
3441:
3263:
3031:
2890:
2678:
2527:
1405:
1049:
647:
3454:
3345:
1312:
1100:
481:
315:
2135:
Shadis, Miriam (1999), "Berenguela of Castile's Political Motherhood", in Parsons, John Carmi; Wheeler, Bonnie (eds.),
1303:
2469:
2437:
851:, remained unconquered (and even so, Ferdinand III managed to extract a tributary arrangement from Granada in 1238).
683:
3621:
3296:
3050:
2923:
2492:
2453:
2420:
2412:
1354:
970:
836:
608:
325:
265:
139:
2537:
1294:
847:, the greatest of Andalusian cities. At the end of this twenty-year onslaught, only a rump Andalusian state, the
3586:
3073:
2735:
2304:
2198:
240:
2193:
3163:
2758:
2225:
659:
497:
355:
2813:
2087:
The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain
3353:
3325:
3286:
3248:
3210:
3153:
2947:
2913:
2823:
2788:
2778:
2594:
2564:
1238:
1187:
1156:
913:
785:
679:
584:
549:
3646:
3414:
3377:
3230:
3004:
2967:
2875:
2848:
2651:
2614:
2512:
1230:
473:
469:
457:, that were subject of Repartimiento, given a new general charter and repopulated in the following years.
2783:
1525:
776:(which had fallen to the Leonese), were promptly inherited by Ferdinand in 1230; then by his own effort,
3410:
3330:
3202:
3000:
2952:
2793:
2770:
2647:
2599:
2574:
2559:
2356:
2262:
2002:
1258:
925:
753:
553:
541:
433:
By military and diplomatic efforts, Ferdinand greatly expanded the dominions of Castile by annexing the
415:
375:
77:
3291:
3220:
2918:
2838:
2833:
2803:
745:
695:
537:
411:
365:
158:
1380:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3395:
3315:
3310:
3225:
3085:
2985:
2942:
2937:
2843:
2808:
2632:
2589:
2584:
1288:
1282:
1012:
736:
The crisis in the Almohad Caliphate, however, remained unresolved. In 1228, a new Almohad pretender,
569:
310:
305:
883:
to be adopted and observed by its citizens, and caused it to be rendered, albeit inaccurately, into
658:
more-or-less at peace. However, a crisis of succession in the Almohad Caliphate after the death of
3528:
3423:
3405:
3385:
3215:
3168:
3013:
2995:
2975:
2828:
2818:
2698:
2688:
2660:
2642:
2622:
1374:
1326:
1267:
1214:
1011:
he contracted in the winter of 1251. His death took place on 30 May 1252, and he was buried in the
730:
667:
620:
596:
565:
501:
423:
3540:
3516:
3400:
3363:
3077:
2990:
2693:
2683:
2637:
2569:
2496:
2396:
2041:
1370:
1132:
884:
848:
777:
699:
588:
557:
530:
340:
98:
3240:
2867:
2798:
2762:
2504:
805:
737:
624:
194:
2858:
1721:(in Spanish). Diocesis of San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Government of the Canary Islands, et al.
3433:
3419:
3390:
3023:
3009:
2980:
2716:
2670:
2656:
2627:
2444:
2336:
2324:
2273:
2158:
2140:
2121:
2115:
2091:
1964:
1939:
1933:
1918:
1912:
1868:
1847:
1722:
1393:
1338:
1318:
1226:
1029:
956:
863:
859:
789:
749:
691:
576:
477:
450:
330:
320:
289:
221:
59:
41:
2085:
1841:
3468:
3335:
3300:
2957:
2927:
2708:
2604:
2189:
2033:
1996:
1862:
1271:
1044:
921:
917:
879:
855:
829:
773:
707:
663:
612:
607:
When Ferdinand's father died in 1230, his will delivered the kingdom to his older daughters
210:
145:
1656:
662:
in 1224 gave Ferdinand III an opportunity for intervention. The Andalusian-based claimant,
3511:
3480:
2403:
2269:
2206:
1979:
1365:
1112:
1021:
948:
687:
419:
407:
399:
55:
2300:
403:
94:
3475:
2211:
1954:
2364:
2233:
1750:
1683:[Ceuta brings together the Engineers with the most tradition in San Fernando].
1680:
1275:
1210:
1125:
1072:
1061:
1053:
1040:
833:
744:. Seeing the opportunity, the Christian kings of the north – Ferdinand III of Castile,
465:
446:
17:
3193:
2171:
595:
Ferdinand, following her advice in prosecuting wars and even in the choice of a wife,
3550:
3492:
3369:
2072:
1520:
1387:
1222:
895:
817:
793:
635:
580:
3504:
1233:
whose capital city has Saint Ferdinand as one of its co-patrons, together with the
1199:
1179:
1169:
1142:
1119:
1057:
825:
715:
675:
485:
438:
434:
843:
in 1248 and finally, on 22 December 1248, Ferdinand III entered as a conqueror in
1524:
1307:
965:
960:
821:
765:
703:
628:
513:
489:
3535:
2037:
694:. In payment, al-Bayyasi gave Ferdinand the strategic frontier strongholds of
3148:
3138:
2293:
1321:(1231–1274). He was promised to the Church, but was so taken by the beauty of
1218:
1191:
1160:
1065:
952:
932:
891:
874:
711:
655:
493:
2155:
Berenguela of Castile (1180–1246) and Political Women in the High Middle Ages
3523:
3273:
3133:
3123:
2900:
2546:
2283:
2013:
Exploring Outremer Volume I: Studies in Medieval History in Honour of Adrian
1036:
997:
526:
461:
177:
87:
1864:
The Queen's Hand: Power and Authority in the Reign of Berenguela of Castile
984:
654:
in Spain, a series of truces had kept Castile and the Almohad dominions of
690:
and, before the end of the year, had successfully installed al-Bayyasi in
426:, in which Islamic rule was in disarray in the wake of the decline of the
3143:
3093:
2212:
The death of Saint Ferdinand III, the very noble King of Castile and Leon
1901:
1183:
1152:
840:
809:
801:
781:
651:
442:
164:
112:
1995:
1956:
The Life of the Very Noble King of Castile and León, Saint Ferdinand III
1535:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 266.
1424:
Elisabeth changed her name to Beatrice after her sister's death in 1212.
3183:
3158:
3113:
3103:
3098:
2384:
2175:
1262:
King Ferdinand and his wife, Beatrice, depicted in the Burgos Cathedral
1195:
1164:
1148:
936:
870:
844:
769:
764:
The twenty years from 1228 to 1248 saw the most massive advance in the
741:
671:
454:
427:
350:
206:
151:
122:
3042:
2461:
2045:
3178:
3173:
3128:
3118:
3108:
2344:
2049:
1017:
1008:
813:
797:
757:
719:
2054:
2021:
1716:
920:. He was a patron of the newest movement in the Church, that of the
2727:
2065:
Dawn of a Dynasty: The Life and Times of Infante Manuel of Castile
1903:
Christian Córdoba: The City and Its Region in the Late Middle Ages
1257:
1025:
983:
944:
724:
634:
Early in his reign, Ferdinand had to deal with a rebellion of the
505:
430:
presence in the Iberian Peninsula. He was made a saint in 1671.
1198:, and of several other localities. He is also the patron of the
928:
623:
was signed on 11 December 1230, by which Ferdinand received the
3046:
2731:
2465:
1681:"Ceuta reúne por San Fernando a los Ingenieros con más solera"
1213:), Saint Ferdinand is the co-patron of the diocese and of its
575:
The marriage of Ferdinand's parents was annulled by order of
666:, began to ship the bulk of Almohad arms and men across the
1357:, before August 1237. They had four sons and one daughter:
873:, the Church, and the nobility, whom he endowed with great
862:(26 March 1244) which delineated the Murcian boundary with
1620:
854:
Ferdinand annexed some of his conquests directly into the
1884:
King Alfonso VIII of Castile: Government, Family, and War
1718:
Patrimonio e historia de la antigua Catedral de La Laguna
869:
Ferdinand divided the conquered territories between the
27:
King of Castile (1217–1252) and King of León (1230–1252)
1770:
1768:
1705:
Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Cassell Ltd.
1568:
1566:
1392:
John (1245), died young and buried at the cathedral in
1241:, since this institution was founded under the name of
1386:
Simon (1244), died young and buried in a monastery in
3452:
1953:
Fernández de Castro Cabeza, María del Carmen (1988).
529:
of Valparaíso (Peleas de Arriba, in what is now the
3432:
3376:
3362:
3344:
3272:
3239:
3201:
3084:
3022:
2966:
2899:
2866:
2769:
2707:
2669:
2613:
2545:
2503:
1141:
1131:
1118:
1108:
1085:
371:
361:
349:
288:
229:
216:
200:
187:
183:
173:
135:
104:
93:
83:
73:
65:
54:
34:
912:On the domestic front, Ferdinand strengthened the
390:; 1199/1201 – 30 May 1252), called
2006:. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1202:'s Corps of Engineers, and engineers generally.
1071:The symbol of his power as a king was his sword
1914:Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia
1988:Reinado y Diplomas de Fernando III, i: Estudio
1335:, Archbishop of Toledo and Seville (1233–1261)
3058:
2743:
2477:
1237:. Saint Ferdinand is also the patron of the
8:
1270:(1203–1235). She was the fourth daughter of
943:up until then, Ferdinand founded houses for
3627:Members of the Third Order of Saint Francis
1961:The Foundation for a Christian Civilization
1886:. Fordham University Press. pp. 59–79.
816:in 1243 (by the famous 'pact of Alcaraz'),
193:Monastery of Valparaíso, Peleas de Arriba,
69:31 August 1217 – 30 May 1252
3065:
3051:
3043:
2750:
2736:
2728:
2484:
2470:
2462:
2216:
1980:"Saint Fernando III, A Kingdom for Christ"
1245:(Literary University of Saint Ferdinand).
1093:
1082:
418:. Through his second marriage he was also
40:
31:
2053:
2032:(115). Oxford University Press: 435–452.
1810:
1786:
1667:
1444:
729:Equestrian seal (1237) of Ferdinand III,
2077:Spain, 1157-1300: A Partible Inheritance
1608:
1515:
1513:
1480:
1468:
548:on both sides; his paternal grandfather
3459:
1893:Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
1822:
1774:
1632:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1492:
1437:
1417:
1205:Since the establishment in 1819 of the
1056:in his honor. His supposed likeliness,
877:. When he took Córdoba, he ordered the
731:Quartering the arms of Castile and León
255: 1219; died 1235)
2190:Novena to St. Ferdinand III of Castile
1798:
1644:
1557:
1545:
1504:
1344:Maria, died an infant in November 1235
1007:Ferdinand's death was attributed to a
990:Metropolitan Cathedral of San Fernando
1456:
1243:Universidad Literaria de San Fernando
1209:, also called "Diocese of Tenerife" (
1207:Diocese of San Cristóbal de La Laguna
1064:and orb are depicted on the crest of
742:Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn Hud al-Judhami
7:
3642:Beatifications by Pope Alexander VII
1867:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
1843:Fernando III: Rey de Castilla y León
969:in Andalusia. He himself joined the
2105:Powicke, Frederick Maurice (1991).
2022:"The County of Ponthieu, 1279–1307"
1932:Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar, ed. (2001).
3577:People from the Province of Zamora
2139:, New York: Taylor & Francis,
1911:Emmerson, Richard K., ed. (2013).
988:Statue of Ferdinand III (Patio of
650:in 1212 halted the advance of the
25:
2107:The Thirteenth Century, 1216–1307
1982:. Catholic Vitality Publications.
1935:Diccionario de historia de España
1906:. University of Central Arkansas.
1526:"Ferdinand III. of Castile"
1353:After he was widowed, he married
1225:. This is because La Laguna is a
1099:Painting of St. Ferdinand III by
3534:
3522:
3510:
3498:
3486:
3474:
3462:
3192:
2857:
2536:
2000:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
973:, and is honored in that Order.
939:, had taken a major part in the
587:. In 1217, her younger brother,
46:Ferdinand III in a 13th-century
3637:Canonizations by Pope Clement X
3572:13th-century Castilian monarchs
1621:Fernández de Castro Cabeza 1988
1300:Eleanor (born 1227), died young
603:Unification of Castile and León
552:and maternal great grandfather
546:Alfonso VII of León and Castile
492:; and in the United States, in
468:. Places such as the cities of
277:
252:
3597:13th-century Galician monarchs
2120:. Cambridge University Press.
2067:. University of Toronto Press.
1:
3612:13th-century Christian saints
3602:Spanish Roman Catholic saints
3592:13th-century Leonese monarchs
2026:The English Historical Review
1747:ULL. Universidad de La Laguna
1406:San Fernando (disambiguation)
648:Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
615:, from his first marriage to
560:and his maternal grandmother
410:from 1231. He was the son of
336:Ferdinand II, Count of Aumale
326:Sancho, Archbishop of Seville
3617:Burials at Seville Cathedral
3346:Portuguese House of Burgundy
2084:Menocal, Maria Rosa (2009).
2063:Kinkade, Richard P. (2019).
2015:. Routledge. pp. 59–86.
1994:Heckmann, Ferdinand (1909).
1895:. New York: Harper and Bros.
1749:(in Spanish). Archived from
482:San Fernando de Dilao Church
321:Philip, Lord of Valdecorneja
3632:Roman Catholic royal saints
3582:Castilian House of Burgundy
2114:Reilly, Bernard F. (1993).
1685:Spanish Ministry of Defence
1266:In 1219, Ferdinand married
544:, Ferdinand descended from
295:
3668:
2109:. Oxford University Press.
1355:Joan, Countess of Ponthieu
1285:(1221–1284), his successor
1028:, and an early version of
971:Third Order of St. Francis
266:Joan, Countess of Ponthieu
3607:People of the Reconquista
3190:
2855:
2534:
2442:
2434:
2417:
2401:
2393:
2381:
2373:
2361:
2353:
2341:
2333:
2321:
2313:
2298:
2290:
2280:
2267:
2259:
2254:
2221:Ferdinand III of Castile
2219:
2090:. Boston: Little, Brown.
2020:Johnstone, Hilda (1914).
1997:"St. Ferdinand III"
1978:Fitzhenry, James (2009).
1891:Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham.
1861:Bianchini, Janna (2012).
1840:Ansón, Francisco (1998).
1715:Lorenzo Lima, J. (2013).
1687:(in Spanish). 31 May 2011
1306:(1228–1288/89), a nun at
1101:Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
1092:
516:were named in his honor.
510:Cathedral of San Fernando
341:Eleanor, Queen of England
241:Elisabeth of Hohenstaufen
39:
2226:Castilian House of Ivrea
2038:10.1093/ehr/XXIX.CXV.435
1917:. Taylor & Francis.
1373:(c. 1241–1290), married
1052:were founded across the
916:and erected the current
642:Reconquest of al-Andalus
356:Castilian House of Ivrea
204:30 May 1252 (aged 50–53)
3354:Ferdinand I of Portugal
2153:Shadis, Miriam (2010).
1846:(in Spanish). Palabra.
1532:Encyclopædia Britannica
1278:. Their children were:
1239:University of La Laguna
1188:San Fernando de Henares
1178:Saint Ferdinand is the
1157:San Fernando de Henares
914:University of Salamanca
698:, Salvatierra (the old
585:Alfonso VIII of Castile
331:Manuel, Lord of Villena
18:Fernando III of Castile
3652:Sons of queens regnant
2157:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1900:Edwards, John (2001).
1274:, Duke of Swabia, and
1263:
1231:Archdiocese of Seville
1039:as Saint Ferdinand by
993:
733:
474:San Fernando, La Union
470:San Fernando, Pampanga
387:
3203:Astur-Leonese dynasty
2357:Muhammad ibn al-Ahmar
2176:Christian Iconography
2003:Catholic Encyclopedia
1959:. Mount Kisco, N.Y.:
1657:Roman Catholic Saints
1261:
1172:'s Corps of Engineers
987:
754:Sancho II of Portugal
728:
554:Sancho III of Castile
542:Berengaria of Castile
435:crown of Guadalquivir
416:Berenguela of Castile
406:from 1230 as well as
376:Berengaria of Castile
2231:Cadet branch of the
1743:"Orígenes de la ULL"
1043:in 1671. Today, the
1013:Cathedral of Seville
680:ravaging the regions
570:Eleanor of Aquitaine
550:Ferdinand II of León
540:and his second wife
498:City of San Fernando
306:Alfonso X of Castile
118:or 11 December 1230
3378:House of Trastámara
2968:House of Trastámara
2771:Astur-Leonese house
2615:House of Trastámara
2201:Patron Saints Index
2194:Diego José de Cádiz
2117:The Medieval Spains
1375:Edward I of England
1327:Haakon IV of Norway
1323:Christina of Norway
1268:Elisabeth of Swabia
1235:Virgen de los Reyes
1124:4 February 1671 by
1087:Saint Ferdinand III
1066:Sevilla Fútbol Club
992:in the Philippines)
918:Cathedral of Burgos
621:treaty of Benavente
597:Elisabeth of Swabia
566:Henry II of England
502:San Fernando Valley
424:Guadalquivir Valley
3364:House of Lancaster
2207:Saint Fernando III
2137:Medieval Mothering
1938:. Ediciones AKAL.
1364:(1238–1264/1269),
1264:
994:
849:Emirate of Granada
784:in 1233, the old
746:Alfonso IX of León
734:
700:Order of Calatrava
696:Baños de la Encina
617:Teresa of Portugal
562:Eleanor of England
558:Urraca of Portugal
538:Alfonso IX of León
531:Province of Zamora
412:Alfonso IX of León
366:Alfonso IX of León
128: –
108:24 September 1230
3622:Franciscan saints
3450:
3449:
3434:House of Habsburg
3274:House of Burgundy
3040:
3039:
3024:House of Habsburg
2901:House of Burgundy
2725:
2724:
2671:House of Habsburg
2547:House of Burgundy
2460:
2459:
2445:Count of Ponthieu
2430:
2418:Succeeded by
2337:Abu Bakr Muhammad
2281:Succeeded by
2164:978-0-312-23473-7
2146:978-0-8153-3665-5
2127:978-0-521-39741-4
2097:978-0-316-09279-1
1986:González, Julio.
1945:978-84-7090-366-3
1924:978-1-136-77518-5
1874:978-0-8122-0626-5
1853:978-84-8239-233-2
1753:on 27 August 2016
1728:978-84-7947-625-0
1339:Manuel of Castile
1227:suffragan diocese
1176:
1175:
864:James I of Aragon
860:treaty of Almizra
750:James I of Aragon
577:Pope Innocent III
478:Diocese of Ilagan
381:
380:
316:Henry the Senator
222:Seville Cathedral
16:(Redirected from
3659:
3587:Leonese infantes
3539:
3538:
3527:
3526:
3515:
3514:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3478:
3467:
3466:
3465:
3458:
3241:House of Jiménez
3196:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3044:
2868:House of Jiménez
2861:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2729:
2709:House of Bourbon
2540:
2505:House of Jiménez
2486:
2479:
2472:
2463:
2435:Preceded by
2424:
2394:Preceded by
2389:1248–1252
2374:Preceded by
2369:1246–1252
2354:Preceded by
2349:1241–1252
2334:Preceded by
2329:1237–1252
2314:Preceded by
2309:1230–1252
2291:Preceded by
2278:1217–1252
2260:Preceded by
2250:
2243:
2217:
2168:
2149:
2131:
2110:
2101:
2080:
2068:
2059:
2057:
2016:
2007:
1999:
1983:
1974:
1949:
1928:
1907:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1857:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1801:, p. 80-81.
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1517:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1425:
1422:
1297:(1225–1243/1248)
1217:pursuant to the
1097:
1083:
922:mendicant Orders
880:Liber Iudiciorum
856:Crown of Castile
664:Abdallah al-Adil
579:in 1204, due to
299:
281:
279:
256:
254:
224:, Seville, Spain
211:Crown of Castile
169:
156:
144:
131:
127:
117:
44:
32:
21:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3533:
3521:
3509:
3499:
3497:
3487:
3485:
3473:
3463:
3461:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3428:
3372:
3358:
3340:
3268:
3235:
3197:
3188:
3080:
3071:
3041:
3036:
3018:
2962:
2895:
2862:
2853:
2799:Alfonso Fróilaz
2765:
2756:
2726:
2721:
2703:
2665:
2609:
2541:
2532:
2499:
2490:
2450:
2449:1251–1252
2448:
2440:
2423:
2409:
2408:1239–1252
2407:
2404:Count of Aumale
2399:
2388:
2379:
2368:
2359:
2348:
2339:
2328:
2319:
2308:
2296:
2286:
2277:
2270:King of Castile
2265:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2229:
2222:
2186:
2181:
2172:Saint Ferdinand
2165:
2152:
2147:
2134:
2128:
2113:
2104:
2098:
2083:
2071:
2062:
2019:
2010:
1993:
1977:
1971:
1952:
1946:
1931:
1925:
1910:
1899:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1860:
1854:
1839:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1766:
1756:
1754:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1655:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1564:
1556:
1552:
1544:
1540:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1495:, p. xvii.
1491:
1487:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1402:
1366:Count of Aumale
1351:
1349:Second marriage
1256:
1251:
1167:
1113:Catholic Church
1109:Honored in
1104:
1088:
1081:
982:
931:, and then the
910:
908:Domestic policy
786:Umayyad capital
738:Idris al-Ma'mun
688:vega de Granada
644:
625:Kingdom of León
605:
522:
420:Count of Aumale
408:King of Galicia
400:King of Castile
345:
296:among others...
293:
292:
284:
283:
280: 1237)
275:
271:
268:
258:
250:
246:
243:
225:
205:
195:Kingdom of León
192:
161:
157:
148:
142:
129:
119:
109:
56:King of Castile
50:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3665:
3663:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3543:
3531:
3519:
3507:
3495:
3483:
3471:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3438:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3417:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3382:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3350:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3245:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3207:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3047:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2972:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2905:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2732:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2713:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2654:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2457:
2441:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2419:
2416:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2320:
2317:Abdul-Wahid II
2315:
2311:
2310:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2279:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2255:Regnal titles
2252:
2251:
2234:House of Ivrea
2230:
2223:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2196:
2185:
2184:External links
2182:
2180:
2179:
2169:
2163:
2150:
2145:
2132:
2126:
2111:
2102:
2096:
2081:
2073:Linehan, Peter
2069:
2060:
2017:
2008:
1991:
1984:
1975:
1970:978-1877905094
1969:
1950:
1944:
1929:
1923:
1908:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1873:
1858:
1852:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:, p. 235.
1815:
1813:, p. 436.
1811:Johnstone 1914
1803:
1791:
1787:Bianchini 2019
1779:
1764:
1734:
1727:
1707:
1698:
1672:
1668:Fitzhenry 2009
1660:
1649:
1647:, p. 133.
1637:
1625:
1623:, p. 277.
1613:
1601:
1599:, p. 182.
1589:
1577:
1562:
1560:, p. 348.
1550:
1538:
1523:, ed. (1911).
1521:Chisholm, Hugh
1509:
1507:, p. xix.
1497:
1485:
1483:, p. 284.
1473:
1471:, p. 215.
1461:
1449:
1445:Bianchini 2012
1436:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1368:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1325:, daughter of
1316:
1310:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1276:Irene Angelina
1255:
1254:First marriage
1252:
1250:
1247:
1211:Canary Islands
1174:
1173:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:Pope Clement X
1122:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1103:(17th century)
1098:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1077:
1054:Spanish Empire
1045:incorrupt body
1041:Pope Clement X
981:
978:
924:. Whereas the
909:
906:
702:fortress near
643:
640:
604:
601:
564:a daughter of
536:As the son of
521:
518:
466:Pope Clement X
460:Ferdinand was
402:from 1217 and
379:
378:
373:
369:
368:
363:
359:
358:
353:
347:
346:
344:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
302:
300:
286:
285:
273:
269:
264:
263:
262:
261:
248:
244:
239:
238:
237:
236:
233:
231:
227:
226:
220:
218:
214:
213:
202:
198:
197:
189:
185:
184:
181:
180:
175:
171:
170:
137:
133:
132:
106:
102:
101:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
52:
51:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3664:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3647:Sons of kings
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3506:
3496:
3494:
3484:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3470:
3460:
3456:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3370:John of Gaunt
3367:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3306:Ferdinand III
3304:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3086:Suebian kings
3083:
3079:
3075:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:Ferdinand III
2931:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2748:
2746:
2741:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2580:Ferdinand III
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2487:
2482:
2480:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2446:
2439:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2427:as sole ruler
2422:
2415:
2414:
2406:
2405:
2398:
2392:
2387:
2386:
2378:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2358:
2352:
2347:
2346:
2338:
2332:
2327:
2326:
2318:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2289:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2242:5 August 1201
2241:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2227:
2218:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2199:Ferdinand at
2197:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2148:
2142:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2005:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1792:
1789:, p. 66.
1788:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1635:, p. 47.
1634:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1609:Heckmann 1909
1605:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1551:
1548:, p. 70.
1547:
1542:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:Ezquerra 2001
1477:
1474:
1470:
1469:Emmerson 2013
1465:
1462:
1459:, p. 39.
1458:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1438:
1431:
1421:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1223:Pope Pius VII
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1003:
999:
991:
986:
979:
977:
974:
972:
968:
967:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
927:
923:
919:
915:
907:
905:
902:
897:
896:Sierra Morena
893:
888:
886:
882:
881:
876:
872:
867:
865:
861:
857:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
762:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
732:
727:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
641:
639:
637:
636:House of Lara
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
602:
600:
598:
592:
590:
586:
582:
581:consanguinity
578:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
534:
532:
528:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:Ferdinand III
377:
374:
370:
367:
364:
360:
357:
354:
352:
348:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
303:
301:
298:
297:
291:
287:
267:
260:
259:
242:
235:
234:
232:
228:
223:
219:
215:
212:
208:
203:
199:
196:
190:
186:
182:
179:
176:
172:
168:
166:
160:
155:
153:
147:
141:
138:
134:
126:
124:
116:
114:
107:
103:
100:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
43:
38:
35:Ferdinand III
33:
30:
19:
3529:Christianity
3326:Ferdinand IV
3305:
3287:Ferdinand II
2948:Ferdinand IV
2932:
2914:Ferdinand II
2595:Ferdinand IV
2579:
2565:Alfonso VIII
2451:
2443:
2426:
2425:
2410:
2402:
2382:
2362:
2342:
2322:
2301:King of León
2299:
2268:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2224:
2200:
2154:
2136:
2116:
2106:
2086:
2076:
2064:
2029:
2025:
2012:
2001:
1987:
1955:
1934:
1913:
1902:
1892:
1883:
1863:
1842:
1823:Powicke 1991
1818:
1806:
1794:
1782:
1777:, p. 8.
1775:Kinkade 2019
1755:. Retrieved
1751:the original
1746:
1737:
1717:
1710:
1701:
1689:. Retrieved
1684:
1675:
1670:, p. 6.
1663:
1652:
1640:
1633:Menocal 2009
1628:
1616:
1604:
1597:Edwards 2001
1592:
1587:, p. 7.
1585:Edwards 2001
1580:
1575:, p. 6.
1573:Edwards 2001
1553:
1541:
1530:
1500:
1493:Linehan 2008
1488:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1447:, p. 1.
1440:
1420:
1352:
1265:
1242:
1234:
1204:
1200:Spanish Army
1182:of Seville,
1180:patron saint
1177:
1170:Spanish Army
1070:
1058:enthronement
1050:San Fernando
1034:
1006:
995:
975:
964:
940:
911:
900:
889:
878:
868:
853:
763:
735:
645:
633:
606:
593:
574:
535:
523:
486:Paco, Manila
459:
432:
404:King of León
395:
391:
383:
382:
294:
162:
149:
120:
110:
95:King of León
29:
3567:1252 deaths
3562:1201 births
3557:1199 births
3541:Catholicism
3517:Middle Ages
3415:Ferdinand V
3321:Prince John
3282:Alfonso VII
3231:Bermudo III
3005:Ferdinand V
2909:Alfonso VII
2876:Ferdinand I
2849:Bermudo III
2779:Alfonso III
2652:Ferdinand V
2555:Alfonso VII
2513:Ferdinand I
2249:30 May 1252
1799:Houben 2023
1645:Reilly 1993
1558:Shadis 1999
1546:Shadis 2010
1505:Shadis 2010
1383:(1243–1269)
1341:(1234–1283)
1315:(1230–1303)
1308:Las Huelgas
1291:(1223–1277)
966:convivencia
961:Mercedarian
957:Trinitarian
941:Reconquista
933:Cistercians
926:Benedictine
766:reconquista
704:Ciudad Real
629:Alfonso VII
514:San Antonio
490:Philippines
464:in 1671 by
136:Predecessor
130:30 May 1252
74:Predecessor
3551:Categories
3411:Isabella I
3331:Alfonso XI
3292:Alfonso IX
3259:Alfonso VI
3221:Bermudo II
3149:Theodemund
3139:Hermeneric
3001:Isabella I
2953:Alfonso XI
2919:Alfonso IX
2886:Alfonso VI
2839:Bermudo II
2834:Ramiro III
2814:Ordoño III
2804:Alfonso IV
2699:Charles II
2689:Philip III
2648:Isabella I
2600:Alfonso XI
2575:Berengaria
2560:Sancho III
2523:Alfonso VI
2294:Alfonso IX
2263:Berengaria
1457:Ansón 1998
1432:References
1304:Berengaria
1221:issued by
1219:papal bull
1192:Maspalomas
1168:Military:
1161:Maspalomas
953:Franciscan
901:partidores
892:almogavars
875:latifundia
656:al-Andalus
646:Since the
520:Early life
494:California
386:(Spanish:
159:Alfonso IX
78:Berengaria
3469:Biography
3442:Charles I
3396:Henry III
3316:Sancho IV
3311:Alfonso X
3254:Sancho II
3249:García II
3226:Alfonso V
3211:Ordoño II
3164:Theodemar
3134:Remismund
3124:Richimund
3032:Charles I
2986:Henry III
2943:Sancho IV
2938:Alfonso X
2881:Sancho II
2844:Alfonso V
2824:Ordoño IV
2809:Ramiro II
2794:Fruela II
2789:Ordoño II
2694:Philip IV
2684:Philip II
2679:Charles I
2633:Henry III
2590:Sancho IV
2585:Alfonso X
2518:Sancho II
2284:Alfonso X
1362:Ferdinand
1295:Ferdinand
1289:Frederick
1283:Alfonso X
1215:Cathedral
1143:Patronage
1120:Canonized
1079:Patronage
1037:canonized
1030:Castilian
998:Alfonso X
949:Dominican
885:Castilian
832:in 1245,
830:Cartagena
828:in 1244,
808:in 1240,
800:in 1238,
792:in 1236,
780:in 1231,
631:in 1157.
527:Monastery
504:, and in
462:canonized
392:the Saint
311:Frederick
191:1199/1201
178:Alfonso X
174:Successor
88:Alfonso X
84:Successor
48:miniature
3481:Monarchy
3424:Philip I
3406:Henry IV
3386:Henry II
3216:Sancho I
3154:Chararic
3144:Veremund
3094:Hermeric
3074:Monarchs
3014:Philip I
2996:Henry IV
2976:Henry II
2829:Sancho I
2819:Sancho I
2784:García I
2759:Monarchs
2717:Philip V
2661:Philip I
2643:Henry IV
2623:Henry II
2493:Monarchs
2383:King of
2363:King of
2343:King of
2323:King of
2178:web site
2079:. Wiley.
2075:(2008).
1757:5 August
1691:5 August
1400:See also
1184:Aranjuez
1153:Aranjuez
1147:Cities:
937:Cluniacs
841:Alicante
810:Orihuela
660:Yusuf II
652:Almohads
480:and the
396:el Santo
388:Fernando
165:de facto
113:de facto
3455:Portals
3401:John II
3184:Malaric
3159:Ariamir
3114:Maldras
3104:Rechiar
3099:Rechila
3078:Galicia
2991:John II
2638:John II
2570:Henry I
2497:Castile
2385:Seville
2325:Córdoba
2305:Galicia
2174:at the
2055:1793255
2052::
1990:. 1980.
1963:, Inc.
1833:Sources
1394:Córdoba
1371:Eleanor
1229:of the
1196:Pivijay
1165:Pivijay
1149:Seville
1035:He was
947:of the
894:of the
871:Knights
845:Seville
837:in 1246
790:Córdoba
778:Cazorla
770:Badajoz
712:Andújar
708:Capilla
692:Córdoba
672:Morocco
668:straits
589:Henry I
488:in the
455:Seville
451:Córdoba
428:Almohad
398:), was
282:
274:
270:
257:
249:
245:
230:Consort
207:Seville
152:de jure
123:de jure
99:Galicia
3493:Saints
3422:&
3420:Joanna
3413:&
3391:John I
3299:&
3297:Sancha
3264:Urraca
3179:Audeca
3174:Eboric
3129:Frumar
3119:Framta
3109:Aioulf
3012:&
3010:Joanna
3003:&
2981:John I
2926:&
2924:Sancha
2891:Urraca
2659:&
2657:Joanna
2650:&
2628:John I
2528:Urraca
2345:Murcia
2274:Toledo
2245:
2161:
2143:
2124:
2094:
2050:Zenodo
2046:551121
2044:
1967:
1942:
1921:
1871:
1850:
1725:
1388:Toledo
1333:Sancho
1319:Philip
1272:Philip
1249:Family
1137:May 30
1073:Lobera
1022:Hebrew
1018:Arabic
1009:dropsy
1002:A.C.J.
959:, and
945:friars
818:Arjona
814:Murcia
806:Lucena
798:Huelva
794:Niebla
774:Mérida
758:Alange
720:Martos
706:) and
676:Baezan
609:Sancha
500:, the
476:; the
372:Mother
362:Father
217:Burial
140:Sancha
60:Toledo
3505:Spain
3336:Peter
3301:Dulce
2958:Peter
2928:Dulce
2605:Peter
2452:with
2438:Marie
2411:with
2397:Simon
2247:Died:
2240:Born:
2042:JSTOR
1412:Notes
1381:Louis
1313:Henry
1133:Feast
1062:sword
1026:Latin
980:Death
929:monks
826:Lorca
802:Écija
782:Úbeda
716:Baeza
613:Dulce
506:Texas
443:Úbeda
439:Baeza
351:House
290:Issue
276:(
272:
251:(
247:
146:Dulce
105:Reign
66:Reign
3169:Miro
2763:León
2454:Joan
2421:Joan
2413:Joan
2365:Jaén
2303:and
2272:and
2159:ISBN
2141:ISBN
2122:ISBN
2092:ISBN
1965:ISBN
1940:ISBN
1919:ISBN
1869:ISBN
1848:ISBN
1759:2016
1723:ISBN
1693:2016
935:and
834:Jaén
824:and
822:Mula
812:and
804:and
796:and
772:and
752:and
718:and
684:Jaén
611:and
568:and
508:the
496:the
472:and
453:and
447:Jaén
414:and
201:Died
188:Born
97:and
58:and
3076:of
2761:of
2495:of
2377:Ali
2192:by
2034:doi
788:of
682:of
670:to
533:).
512:in
484:in
143:and
3553::
2048:.
2040:.
2030:29
2028:.
2024:.
1767:^
1745:.
1565:^
1529:.
1512:^
1194:,
1190:,
1186:,
1163:,
1159:,
1155:,
1151:,
1075:.
1068:.
1060:,
1032:.
1024:,
1020:,
955:,
951:,
887:.
866:.
839:,
820:,
748:,
722:.
714:,
686:,
638:.
599:.
572:.
449:,
445:,
441:,
278:m.
253:m.
209:,
3457::
3066:e
3059:t
3052:v
2751:e
2744:t
2737:v
2485:e
2478:t
2471:v
2167:.
2130:.
2100:.
2058:.
2036::
1973:.
1948:.
1927:.
1877:.
1856:.
1761:.
1731:.
1695:.
1611:.
1377:.
394:(
167:)
163:(
154:)
150:(
125:)
121:(
115:)
111:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
