282:. Gold, silver and copper replaced some of the functions of other resources, such as wood and stone, owing to their ability to be shaped into various forms for different uses. Due to their rarity, these gold, silver and copper artifacts were treated as luxury items and handled with great care. The use of copper also heralded the transition from the
319:, extruding, or other deformation process. Although the same operations are used with ferrous as well as nonferrous metals and alloys, the reaction of nonferrous metals to these forming processes is often more severe. Consequently, properties may differ considerably between the cast and wrought forms of the same metal or alloy.
273:
yet metallic form. These metals, though rare, could be found in quantities sufficient to attract the attention of humans. Less susceptible to oxygen than most other metals, they can be found even in weathered outcroppings. Copper was the first metal to be forged; it was soft enough to be fashioned
310:
Non-ferrous metals are used in residential, commercial and industrial applications. Material selection for a mechanical or structural application requires some important considerations, including how easily the material can be shaped into a finished part and how its properties can be either
250:
is collected and stored onsite while the metal fumes are filtered and collected. Non-ferrous scrap metals are sourced from industrial scrap materials, particle emissions and obsolete technology (for example,
246:. The secondary materials in scrap are vital to the metallurgy industry, as the production of new metals often needs them. Some recycling facilities re-smelt and recast non-ferrous materials; the
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intentionally or inadvertently altered in the process. Depending on the end use, metals can be simply cast into the finished part, or cast into an intermediate form, such as an
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Non-ferrous metals were the first metals used by humans for metallurgy. Gold, silver and copper existed in their native
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462:(1st ed.). Littleton, Colo.: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration. p. 416.
535:"Department of the Environment Industry Profile: Waste recycling, treatment and disposal sites"
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are also non-ferrous. They are usually obtained through minerals such as
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488:
Encyclopaedia of
Occupational Health and Safety, 4th Edition
87:). Some non-ferrous materials are also used in the iron and
484:"Chapter 82 – Metal Processing and Metal Working Industry"
118:
Important non-ferrous metals include aluminium, copper,
400:
Theory and laboratory experiments in ferrous metallurgy
626:
Studies in
Ancient Technology, Volume 3; Volume 1965
511:. Bureau of International Recycling. Archived from
226:. Non-ferrous metals are usually refined through
298:, an alloy of copper with the non-ferrous metal
436:lOccupational Safety and Health Administration
8:
429:"Commonly Recycled Metals and Their Sources"
599:Encyclopedia of the History of Technology
569:Pollution Prevention Technology Handbook
238:Due to their extensive use, non-ferrous
407:: PHI Learning Private Ltd. p. 6.
328:
315:, then worked, or wrought, by rolling,
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602:. London: Routledge. pp. 47–66.
336:Fahlman, Bradley D. (18 March 2011).
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540:. Environment Agency. Archived from
115:are used in making ferrous alloys.
150:and exotic or rare metals such as
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265:Non-ferrous extractive metallurgy
651:"Non-ferrous Metal Applications"
456:Young, Courtney A., ed. (2008).
234:Recycling and pollution control
130:, and zinc, and alloys such as
18:Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
1:
306:Mechanical and structural use
342:(2nd ed.). Dordrecht :
59:Generally more costly than
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596:McNeil, Ian, ed. (1990).
278:and could be melted in a
91:industries. For example,
274:into various objects by
103:, while others such as
81:resistance to corrosion
623:Forbes, R. J. (1971).
572:. Noyes Publications.
629:. BRILL. p. 16.
566:Robert Noyes (1993).
397:Gupta, R. C. (2010).
657:on 24 September 2015
509:"Non-Ferrous Metals"
368:"Non-Ferrous Metals"
44:that do not contain
339:Materials chemistry
515:on 21 October 2016
372:Engineers Handbook
50:allotropes of iron
38:non-ferrous metals
636:978-90-04-02652-0
609:978-0-203-19211-5
469:978-0-87335-266-6
414:978-81-203-3924-8
353:978-94-007-0692-7
16:(Redirected from
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378:on 4 June 2016
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101:blast furnaces
79:properties or
40:are metals or
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242:are usually
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228:electrolysis
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271:crystalline
95:is used as
693:Metallurgy
677:Categories
551:27 October
519:26 October
493:26 October
441:27 October
382:25 October
323:References
292:Bronze Age
288:Copper Age
263:See also:
220:carbonates
109:pyrolusite
105:wolframite
67:), higher
34:metallurgy
661:1 October
405:New Delhi
284:Stone Age
255:) scrap.
224:silicates
212:zirconium
204:tellurium
188:germanium
160:beryllium
65:aluminium
344:Springer
280:crucible
244:recycled
216:sulfides
208:vanadium
200:tantalum
196:selenium
156:tungsten
148:platinum
138:such as
128:titanium
113:chromite
77:magnetic
317:forging
286:to the
192:lithium
184:gallium
176:niobium
172:cadmium
164:bismuth
152:mercury
93:bauxite
75:), non-
61:ferrous
54:ferrite
688:Alloys
683:Metals
633:
606:
576:
466:
411:
350:
296:bronze
290:. The
222:, and
210:, and
180:indium
168:cerium
146:, and
144:silver
111:, and
83:(e.g.
73:copper
71:(e.g.
42:alloys
545:(PDF)
538:(PDF)
432:(PDF)
313:ingot
248:dross
132:brass
89:steel
663:2013
631:ISBN
604:ISBN
574:ISBN
553:2011
521:2011
495:2011
464:ISBN
443:2011
409:ISBN
384:2011
348:ISBN
140:gold
120:lead
99:for
97:flux
85:zinc
46:iron
300:tin
124:tin
32:In
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