889:, men and women each wear a ring similar to wedding bands. They are made of silver ("alianza de plata") when manifesting an informal "boyfriend-girlfriend" relationship, though this first step might not always happen; howbeit depending on finances, this may be the only ring given at all. The gold band ("anillo de compromiso" or "alianza de oro") is given to the bride when the commitment is formal and the diamond ring ("cintillo") is reserved for the wedding ceremony when the groom gives it to the bride. The gold band that the groom wore during the engagement – or a new one, as some men choose not to wear them during engagement – is then given to the groom by the bride; and the bride receives both the original gold band and the new diamond at the ceremony. The bride's diamond ring is worn on top of the engagement band at the wedding and thereafter, especially at formal occasions or parties; otherwise the engagement band suffices for daily wear for both parties. At the wedding, the rings are swapped from the right to the left hand. In
664:, desiring to receive the blessing of Holy Matrimony in the Church, do solemnly declare that we hold marriage to be a lifelong union of husband and wife as it is set forth in the Book of Common Prayer. We believe it is established by God for the procreation of children, and their nurture in the knowledge and love of the Lord; for mutual joy, and for the help and comfort given one another in prosperity and adversity; to maintain purity, so that husbands and wives, with all the household of God, might serve as holy and undefiled members of the Body of Christ; and for the upbuilding of Christ’s kingdom in family, church, and society, to the praise of his holy Name. We do engage ourselves, so far as in us lies, to make our utmost effort to establish this relationship and to seek God’s help thereto.”
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719:, and a prayer at which everyone bows, he places the bride's ring on the ring finger of the groom's right hand, and the groom's ring on the bride's finger. The rings are subsequently exchanged three times, either by the priest or by the best man, after which the priest says a final prayer. Traditionally, the betrothal service takes place at the time the engagement is announced, though in certain localities it may performed immediately before the wedding ceremony itself. The exchange of rings is not a part of the wedding service in the Eastern Churches, but only occurs at the betrothal ceremony. Traditionally, the groom's ring is gold and the bride's ring is silver.
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612:. The concept of an official engagement period in Western European culture may have begun in 1215 at the Fourth Lateran Council, headed by Pope Innocent III, which decreed that "marriages are to be ... announced publicly in the churches by the priests during a suitable and fixed time so that, if legitimate impediments exist, they may be made known." Such a formal church announcement of the intent to marry is known as banns. In some jurisdictions, reading the banns may be part of one type of legal marriage.
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690:, and we ask your blessing upon them during this time of preparation. Open their minds and hearts to one another, enable them faithfully to receive your Word and Sacrament, and help us to support them, that they may rightly prepare for their marriage. And, we pray, give us wisdom to uphold and encourage all who have been united in Holy Matrimony; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
599:, a blessing of the engagement rings (in cultures in which rings are used), and a blessing of the couple. A betrothal makes what a couple promises to one another sanctified by God and the Church. A Christian engagement (betrothal) ceremony, which may be followed with a party, is normative in certain parts of the world, as with the Christians of India and Pakistan.
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In ancient Greece, engagement parties were held without the bride and took place to discuss the legal and economic aspects of the marriage. Later, engagement parties were when both sides announced a legal union prior to marriage where if one side broke the agreement they would have to pay the wronged
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rituals, although unlike in
Judaism, the contract made in front of witness was only verbal. The giving of a ring was eventually borrowed from Judaism by Roman marriage law, with the fiancé presenting it after swearing the oath of marriage intent, and presenting of the gifts at the engagement party.
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In contemporary
American culture some engagements are announced at an engagement party, traditionally hosted by the bride's parents. These parties help introduce both the bride and groom's friends and family to each other in one place prior to the wedding. Often contemporary engagement parties are
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In the modern era, some women's wedding rings are made into two separate pieces. One part is given to her to wear as an engagement ring when she accepts the marriage proposal and the other during the wedding ceremony. When worn together, the two rings look like one piece of jewelry. The engagement
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of 1979 reworked the betrothal by adding a positive question to the congregation immediately after the couple speaks their words of betrothal. The celebrant asks the congregation, "Will all of you witnessing these promises do all in your power to uphold these two persons in their marriage?" The
648:, includes a Christian rite of betrothal called "A Brief Liturgy for the Signing of the Declaration of Intention" in which a Christian couple ratifies their intention before God and the Church to marry. During this liturgy, the following is signed and dated by the engaged couple after the
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take you as my wife/husband," instead of "I take you as my wife/husband"), but sexual intercourse consummated the vows, making a binding marriage rather than a betrothal. Although these betrothals could be concluded with only the vows spoken by the couple, they had legal implications:
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The exact duration of a betrothal varies according to culture and the participants’ needs and wishes. For adults, it may be anywhere from several hours (when the betrothal is incorporated into the wedding day itself) to a period of several years. A year and a day are common in
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includes the "Form and Manner of
Betrothal in Church", which can take place in the church or alternatively, in the house of the bride. This rite can be found throughout history, such as in early Lutheran liturgical texts, the Stasbourg C.O. 1604 being an example.
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The
Lutheran Churches, the Anglican Communion, the Methodist Churches and the Presbyterian Churches have questions and responses for family members in its Rite of Betrothal, which is sometimes incorporated into the Service of Holy Matrimony itself.
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symbol (two hands clasping a heart) may have evolved as a symbol of love and commitment between two people. Romans believed the circle was a bond between the two people who were to be married and signified eternity, but was first practiced on the
607:
Historically, betrothal in Roman
Catholicism is a formal contract considered as binding as marriage, and a divorce is necessary to terminate a betrothal. Betrothed couples are regarded legally as husband and wife – even before their wedding and
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is worn following the practice of the Romans who "...wore the ring either on the right middle finger or the left ring finger, from which, according to ancient
Egyptian physicians, a nerve led directly to the heart." The custom in
859:, a marriage in which the person, usually the woman, of lower rank stayed at the same rank instead of rising ranks, would present their left hand to receive the ring, hence the alternative term 'marriage with the left hand' (Ger.
893:, they are always made of gold, and there is no tradition for the engagement ring. Both men and women wear the wedding band on their right hand while engaged, and, after they marry, they shift the rings to their left hands.
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ceremony, accomplished when the groom gives the bride the ring or another object of at least nominal value. As mentioned above, betrothal in
Judaism is separate from engagement; breaking a betrothal requires a formal
218:(masculine), 'the betrothed', a 'wife-to-be' or 'husband-to-be', respectively. The duration of the courtship varies vastly, and is largely dependent on cultural norms or upon the agreement of the parties involved.
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is put by the groom on the finger of the bride, and sometimes by the bride onto the groom's finger. After the wedding, the engagement ring is put back on, and is usually worn on the outside of the wedding ring.
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The responsibilities and privileges of betrothal vary. In most cultures, the betrothed couple is expected to spend much time together, learning about each other. In some historical cultures (including
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Negotiation of a match, usually done by the couple's families with bride and groom having varying levels of input, from no input, to veto power, to a fuller voice in the selection of marriage partner.
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In most localities, the Rite of
Betrothal (also known as 'blessing an engaged couple' or 'declaration of intention') as a precursor to Holy Matrimony is an optional practice in traditional forms of
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Customs for engagement rings vary according to time, place, and culture. An engagement ring has historically been uncommon, and when such a gift was given, it was separate from the wedding ring.
543:), which would take place in a room or tent that the groom had set up for her. Since the Middle Ages the two ceremonies have taken place as a combined ceremony performed in public. The
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or "heart-balm". This provided some protection in an age where virginity at marriage was considered important and having a failed engagement could damage one's reputation, but this
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states that The Rite of
Betrothal is seen as an "admirable practice of plighting one's troth in church, so in keeping with the holiness and importance of marital betrothal as the
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is by the husband giving the bride money or an object of at least nominal value. In fact, it is a long-standing practice within
Judaism to contract the betrothal with a ring.
715:(entranceway) of the church, to indicate the couple's first entrance into the married estate. The priest blesses the couple and gives them lit candles to hold. Then, after a
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has become obsolete in most jurisdictions as attitudes to premarital sex have softened and emphasis shifted to allowing people to leave loveless relationships.
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810:(children of the rings). The latter case refers to betrothal (see above) rather than engagement; one of the three ways in which betrothal may be effected in
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accompanying the marriage contract, while in other cultures, such as those on the Arabian Peninsula, they are still part of negotiating a marriage contract.
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Normally, either party can break a betrothal, though in certain traditions, a financial penalty (such as forfeit of the bride price) applies. In some
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brings about the legal consequences of the change of status. (However, in the Talmud and other sources of Jewish law there is also a process, called
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countries, including England and Wales and many US states, it was once possible for the spurned partner (often only the woman) to sue the other for
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either cocktail parties or dinners with décor kept to a minimum. Gifts are not often given until either the wedding itself or a bridal shower.
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have declared their intention for a Holy Marriage, and have begun the process of pre-marital preparation, let us pray for their relationship .
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and other countries is to wear it on the right hand. One historical exception arose in monarchical regimes, in which a nobleman entering into
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side. Engagements became non-legally bending and by the early 20th century some couples would announce their engagement in the local paper.
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This is not as widely practiced as it was historically, although it is still common in culturally conservative communities in
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have optional rites for Christian betrothal (also known as 'blessing an engaged couple' or 'declaration of intention') that
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A betrothal is considered to be a 'semi-binding' contract. Normal reasons for invalidation of a betrothal include:
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declared illegitimate on the grounds their father had been betrothed to another woman when he married their mother.
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846:("vein of love"), the vein that leads to the heart. In cultures with European origin, and many other countries, an
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1382:(1993) into separate questions for family members and for other members in the congregation.
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Following the signing of the declaration of intention, the couple is blessed by the priest:
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during Talmudic times (c.1st century BC – 6th century AD), the two ceremonies of betrothal (
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today that blesses and ratifies the intention of two Christians to marry one another. Many
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is the period of time between the declaration of acceptance of a marriage proposal and the
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37:"Engaged", "Fiancé", "Affiance", and "Trial marriage" redirect here. For other uses, see
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In most cultures evolved from Europe, bride prices or dowries have been reduced to the
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Cohabiting Couples and Cold Feet: A Practical Marriage-Preparation Guide for Clergy
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1511:. Marilyn Coleman, Lawrence H. Ganong. Thousand Oaks, CA. 2014. pp. 437–438.
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1028:. The International Anglican Liturgical Consultation. 2011. pp. 4, 14–15.
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The practice of Marriage ring in Byzantine Empire date back to 3rd century CE.
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772:-banded engagement ring. The engagement ring is usually worn on the outside.
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The Order of Blessing an Engaged Couple - Western Christian Betrothal Rite
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1127:, Chapter 4, See also footnote 1 and 2. The author uses the specific term
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The first instance of the tradition of giving a ring for marriage in the
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Betrothal (also called 'espousal') is a formal state of engagement to be
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sometimes bore clasped hands symbolizing contract, from which the later
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Ghanaian Engagement Ceremony. The bride presenting a gift to her father
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congregation's response is, "We will." This inquiry was expanded in
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also citing as a possible source of the practice in the phrase in
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Churches, the Rite of Betrothal is traditionally performed in the
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Christian Betrothal (Engagement) Ceremony - Church of North India
1093:"A Brief Liturgy for the Signing of the Declaration of Intention"
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2826:
2061:
1508:
The social history of the American family : an encyclopedia
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Medieval Sourcebook: Twelfth Ecumenical Council: Lateran IV 1215
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The modern Western form of the practice of giving or exchanging
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516:
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A Brief Liturgy for the Signing of the Declaration of Intention
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The jewellery of Roman Britain: Celtic and classical traditions
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provide liturgies for Christian betrothal, which often feature
448:, betrothal might last from infancy until the age of marriage.
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55:
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Gemlore: An Introduction to Precious and Semi-Precious Stones
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engagement in marriage practice are found in the Jewish law (
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1399:
Service Book of the Holy Orthodox-Catholic Apostolic Church
1131:, and considers this the first step in a formal engagement.
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itself (which is typically but not always commenced with a
1460:
A History of Private Life: From pagan Rome to Byzantium
1155:
A History of Private Life: From pagan Rome to Byzantium
897:
ring is not worn during the wedding ceremony, when the
644:, used by Anglican Christian denominations such as the
840:, who believed this finger to be the beginning of the
1419:, Vol.1, Mesorah Publications, New York, 2000, p. 253
27:
Promise to wed; period of preparation before marriage
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Solemn Rite of Betrothal and Publishing of the Banns
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is traditionally thought to have begun in 1477 when
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324:in modern Hebrew means engagement, not betrothal.)
86:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1589:International Commission on English in the Liturgy
1311:"Marriage, Divorce, Living Together and the Bible"
500:Failure to conceive (in 'trial marriage' cultures)
467:, a betrothal could be formed by the exchange of
312:changes the couple's interpersonal status, while
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1286:The Construction of Pakistani Christian Identity
344:"Betrothed" redirects here. For other uses, see
327:This was later adopted in Ancient Greece as the
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654:
188:). During this period, a couple is said to be
2609:
1653:
1288:. Research Society of Pakistan. p. 247.
366:Typical steps of a match were the following:
355:Modern engagement gifts basket in Bangladesh.
8:
1476:The name of the mother: writing illegitimacy
1167:Nancy R. Gallo (2004). "Left at the Altar".
1004:Lochner, Friedrich; Carver, Matthew (2023).
491:Revelation of a prior commitment or marriage
221:Long engagements were once common in formal
1405:(published 1975). pp. 291 ff, 604–605.
1258:"Meanings of rituals in Christian weddings"
1125:. New York / Jerusalem: Moznaim Publishing.
1060:. Liturgy Office: England & Wales. 2010
682:Almighty God, we thank you for the love of
556:, and violation of betrothal is considered
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1539:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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415:Exchange of vows and signing of contracts
1403:Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese
1157:, Harvard University Press, 1992, p. 467
1055:"The Order of Blessing an Engaged Couple"
572:Christian art depicting the betrothal of
146:Learn how and when to remove this message
1462:, Harvard University Press, 1992, p. 467
1017:
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1357:. Church Publishing, Inc. p. 107.
987:
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1171:. Cengage Learning. pp. 114–116.
1123:Made in Heaven, A Jewish Wedding Guide
276:consists of two separate acts, called
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236:and ratify the intent of a couple to
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820:Romantic rings from the time of the
84:adding citations to reliable sources
1230:Aabram, Virginia (29 August 2021).
1144:, Infobase Publishing, 2008, p. 44
1626:Weddings & Blessings in Church
1417:The Torah: with Rashi's commentary
1206:"The Jewish Betrothal (Kiddushin)"
1153:Philippe Ariès, Paul Veyne, eds.,
728:Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
25:
1491:, Wildside Press LLC, 2009, p. 50
1195:, Mishna 1:1 and the main article
1008:. Emmanuel Press. pp. 75–79.
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1232:"What Is the Rite of Betrothal?"
1100:Anglican Church in North America
872:Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
646:Anglican Church in North America
60:
1256:Das, Debomitra (21 June 2021).
1035:from the original on 2022-10-09
882:ring as an engagement present.
383:Arab states of the Persian Gulf
71:needs additional citations for
2558:Marriage in pre-Islamic Arabia
1:
2167:Ghost marriage in South Sudan
1605:(United Protestant Christian)
547:is now generally part of the
444:groups today. In the case of
418:Often one of these is omitted
3525:Wedding vow renewal ceremony
1622:(Eastern Orthodox Christian)
1458:Philippe Ariès, Paul Veyne,
1446:, Routledge, 1996, pp. 63–64
1378:(1989) and the Presbyterian
1353:Prichard, Robert W. (2009).
1121:Kaplan, Rabbi Aryeh (1983).
409:Blessing by the parents and
1376:The United Methodist Hymnal
787:, when a golden nose ring (
264:, and outlined in the last
32:Engagement (disambiguation)
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1634:(Roman Catholic Christian)
1558:The most failed engagement
1236:National Catholic Register
1169:Introduction to Family Law
917:
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346:Betrothed (disambiguation)
343:
163:William-Adolphe Bouguereau
36:
29:
3052:"Indian" Wedding Blessing
2672:Marriage proposal planner
2631:
2571:
1585:Shorter Book of Blessings
1478:, Routledge, 1994, p. 191
1430:"Byzantine Marriage Ring"
834:fourth finger/ring finger
435:and Myrtle Gruenert, 1906
431:Engagement photograph of
306:ceremony for the marriage
3480:Maiden and married names
3406:United States and Canada
1620:The Service of Betrothal
1142:Living in Ancient Greece
1102:. 2019. pp. 213–214
885:In other countries like
482:older brother's children
471:in the future tense ("I
260:), first exemplified by
39:Engaged (disambiguation)
1577:Society of Saint Pius X
730:depicting a betrothal.
589:Christian denominations
230:Christian denominations
43:Fiancé (disambiguation)
3318:Saint Thomas Christian
2155:Chinese ghost marriage
1380:Book of Common Worship
1284:O'Brien, John (2006).
1140:Norman Bancroft Hunt,
915:
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739:
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635:incipient marital life
580:
478:Richard III of England
454:colonial North America
436:
356:
169:
3500:Self-uniting marriage
1628:(Methodist Christian)
1543:) CS1 maint: others (
1371:Book of Common Prayer
913:
756:
725:
642:Book of Common Prayer
571:
430:
354:
272:(Women) order, where
161:
2945:Wedding ring cushion
1616:(Anglican Christian)
1487:Michael R Collings,
971:is the process, and
791:24:22) was given by
574:Joseph the Carpenter
80:improve this article
49:. For the film, see
45:. For the band, see
30:For other uses, see
3515:Wedding anniversary
3246:Pre-wedding customs
3148:Wedding cake topper
3122:Wedding videography
3112:Wedding photography
3082:Pounded rice ritual
2780:Western dress codes
2396:Royal intermarriage
2098:Mystery of Crowning
861:Ehe zur linken Hand
857:morganatic marriage
793:Eliezer of Damascus
616:Protestant Churches
240:before God and the
3449:Honeymoon registry
3206:Anand Karaj (Sikh)
2727:Stag and doe party
2722:Bachelorette party
2712:Wedding invitation
2262:Marriage allowance
1892:Widow conservation
1669:Types of marriages
1395:Hapgood, Isabel F.
1340:2006-07-12 at the
1309:Martin, Ernest L.
1263:The Times of India
939:Churching of women
916:
906:Engagement parties
853:Continental Europe
774:
740:
581:
437:
357:
223:arranged marriages
170:
3538:
3537:
3530:Womanless wedding
3510:Knobstick wedding
3414:England and Wales
3138:Wedding breakfast
3117:Wedding reception
3057:Jumping the broom
2837:
2836:
2815:Black lounge suit
2687:Banns of marriage
2677:Marriage proposal
2591:
2590:
2325:
2324:
2312:Mixed-orientation
2162:Widow inheritance
1841:Marriage in Islam
1831:Clerical marriage
1591:. 1 January 1990.
1573:Rite of Betrothal
1518:978-1-4522-8614-3
1442:Catherine Johns,
1401:. Englewood, NJ:
1295:978-969-425-096-0
944:Marriage proposal
709:Oriental Orthodox
699:Orthodox Churches
513:breach of promise
228:Many traditional
156:
155:
148:
130:
16:(Redirected from
3563:
3520:Wedding crashing
3361:Vőfély (Hungary)
3333:Vőfély (Hungary)
3037:Bedding ceremony
2984:child bridegroom
2776:
2737:Rehearsal dinner
2732:Marriage license
2707:Engagement party
2618:
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2579:
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2553:Mail-order bride
2130:
2000:Marriageable age
1814:Eastern Orthodox
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1006:Liturgical Forms
1001:
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920:Engagement party
876:Mary of Burgundy
868:engagement rings
743:Engagement rings
705:Eastern Orthodox
631:Liturgical Forms
626:Liturgical Forms
290:), which is the
268:tractate of the
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3458:
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3376:Myanmar (Burma)
3342:
3303:Poruwa ceremony
3198:
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3126:
3092:Trash the dress
3020:
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2697:Bridal registry
2692:Wedding planner
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2028:Sister exchange
2014:
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1720:Serial monogamy
1676:Legal scenarios
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751:
749:Engagement ring
745:
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603:Catholic Church
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529:Jewish weddings
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461:medieval Europe
402:engagement ring
390:Negotiation of
349:
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252:The origins of
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3173:Kolach (bread)
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3168:Jordan almonds
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2124:Circumstantial
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1597:External links
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1369:The Episcopal
1364:978-0898696035
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1335:Utunumsint.org
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918:Main article:
907:
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808:be’nei tabbaot
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744:
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610:physical union
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597:Bible readings
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549:Jewish wedding
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294:ceremony, and
288:sanctification
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212:(feminine) or
206:may be called
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51:Trial Marriage
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3107:Wedding March
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3042:Bridal Chorus
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1472:Marie Maclean
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827:
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818:
815:
813:
809:
806:
805:Nehemiah 7:46
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
785:Genesis 24:22
782:
777:
771:
767:
764:and a single-
763:
760:
755:
750:
742:
737:
733:
729:
724:
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710:
706:
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685:
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675:
669:
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663:
659:
653:
651:
650:sign of peace
647:
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638:
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623:
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611:
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307:
304:, the actual
303:
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111:
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104:
100:
97: –
96:
92:
91:Find sources:
85:
81:
75:
74:
69:This article
67:
63:
58:
57:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3454:Consummation
3236:Brunei Malay
3158:Groom's cake
3153:Cookie table
3143:Wedding cake
3097:Unity candle
2959:Participants
2950:Wishing well
2930:Wedding cord
2897:
2879:Opera gloves
2864:Evening gown
2852:Bridal crown
2847:Contemporary
2758:Gretna Green
2681:
2580:
2548:Dishu system
2529:
2414:Human–animal
2386:Same-surname
2176:
2047:
1981:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1887:Self-uniting
1867:
1851:Nikah mut'ah
1752:Nikah mut'ah
1584:
1572:
1566:Bibliography
1553:
1507:
1488:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1443:
1438:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1398:
1389:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1354:
1348:
1330:
1319:
1304:
1285:
1279:
1269:24 September
1267:. Retrieved
1261:
1251:
1241:19 September
1239:. Retrieved
1225:
1213:. Retrieved
1209:
1200:
1187:
1168:
1162:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1106:19 September
1104:. Retrieved
1064:19 September
1062:. Retrieved
1049:
1039:19 September
1037:. Retrieved
1005:
972:
968:
963:
927:
923:
899:wedding ring
895:
884:
865:
860:
841:
822:Roman Empire
819:
816:
807:
801:Saadiah Gaon
789:Chayei Sarah
781:Hebrew Bible
778:
775:
762:wedding ring
702:
693:
687:
683:
677:
673:
671:
667:
661:
657:
655:
639:
634:
630:
625:
619:
606:
585:Christianity
582:
564:Christianity
544:
538:
532:
526:
506:
494:Evidence of
486:
472:
458:
450:
438:
433:Lionel Logue
365:
358:
332:
328:
326:
321:
317:
313:
309:
299:
295:
287:
283:
277:
251:
227:
220:
214:
213:
208:
207:
190:
189:
177:
173:
171:
167:The Proposal
166:
142:
133:
123:
116:
109:
102:
95:"Engagement"
90:
78:Please help
73:verification
70:
3386:Philippines
3338:Zoroastrian
3197:By religion
3077:Polterabend
3067:Money dance
3047:First dance
3032:Ahesta Bero
3001:Flower girl
2972:child bride
2805:Semi-formal
2665:Pre-wedding
2646:Handfasting
2468:Concubinage
2439:Interracial
2429:Interethnic
2424:Inter-caste
2362:Consanguine
2290:Watta satta
2239:Convenience
2093:Handfasting
1882:Scientology
1856:Nikah 'urfi
1698:Nikah 'urfi
1191:See Talmud
843:vena amoris
732:Musée Condé
578:Virgin Mary
423:Celebration
392:bride price
3551:Engagement
3545:Categories
3348:By country
3199:or culture
3188:Place card
3183:Loving cup
3025:Traditions
2991:Bridesmaid
2979:Bridegroom
2682:Engagement
2636:Collective
2460:monogamous
2449:Morganatic
2444:Interfaith
2367:Avunculate
2339:Common-law
2257:Green card
2224:Tongyangxi
2140:Posthumous
2081:Ceremonial
2072:Tongyangxi
1929:Prajapatya
1732:Remarriage
1178:1401814530
759:white gold
509:common law
496:infidelity
286:, meaning
196:the French
174:engagement
136:April 2009
106:newspapers
3475:Elopement
3441:Honeymoon
3396:Sri Lanka
3221:Ayyavazhi
3016:Officiant
3006:Groomsman
2996:Bridesman
2920:Las arras
2874:Debutante
2869:Ball gown
2810:Black tie
2793:White tie
2763:Las Vegas
2746:Locations
2641:Elopement
2505:Polyandry
2419:Hypergamy
2267:Predatory
2209:Hypergamy
2192:Financial
2108:Las Vegas
2088:Betrothal
2043:Abduction
1965:Ayyavazhi
1957:Paishacha
1936:Gandharva
1807:Josephite
1797:Christian
1785:Religious
1747:Hollywood
1742:Temporary
1693:Customary
1535:cite book
1527:885009365
1215:15 August
1193:Kiddushin
983:Citations
887:Argentina
736:Chantilly
672:Now that
640:The 2019
545:betrothal
465:canon law
442:neo-pagan
340:Betrothal
318:shiduchin
292:betrothal
284:kiddushin
178:betrothal
3556:Marriage
3490:Newlywed
3419:Scotland
3381:Pakistan
3356:Ethiopia
3328:Timorese
3283:Mandaean
3253:Catholic
3062:Lychgate
3011:Page boy
2822:Informal
2772:Clothing
2651:Same-sex
2625:Weddings
2582:Category
2510:Polygyny
2500:Polygamy
2391:Homogamy
2354:Endogamy
2331:De facto
2317:Sororate
2307:Sologamy
2285:Exchange
2247:Lavender
2172:Levirate
2020:Arranged
1950:Rakshasa
1863:Levirate
1802:Catholic
1769:Putative
1764:Voidable
1757:Wedlease
1737:Same-sex
1727:Marriage
1715:Monogamy
1688:Covenant
1397:(1922).
1338:Archived
1129:proposal
1030:Archived
949:Rèiteach
933:See also
829:Claddagh
624:book of
622:Lutheran
576:and the
558:adultery
480:had his
333:engeysis
314:nissu'in
296:nissu'in
274:marriage
266:Talmudic
254:European
182:marriage
3431:Vietnam
3424:history
3401:Ukraine
3366:Iceland
3308:Punjabi
3298:Persian
3268:Islamic
3241:Chinese
3178:Korovai
3087:Pyebaek
2915:Chuppah
2909:Objects
2891:Garters
2563:Walking
2522:Sexless
2406:Exogamy
2344:Plaçage
2150:Germany
2103:Wedding
2067:Shotgun
1902:Vivaaha
1877:Natural
1836:Islamic
1703:Plaçage
973:chuppah
969:nesiuin
880:diamond
874:, gave
836:by the
812:Judaism
799:, with
797:Rebecca
766:diamond
713:narthex
703:In the
554:divorce
540:nissuin
523:Judaism
361:married
262:Abraham
209:fiancée
191:fiancés
186:wedding
120:scholar
3391:Russia
3323:Shinto
3313:Quaker
3288:Mormon
3278:Jewish
3258:Hajong
3102:Walima
2899:Casual
2788:Formal
2495:Bigamy
2490:Plural
2372:Cousin
2199:Boston
2178:Yibbum
2145:France
2049:Raptio
2038:Forced
1908:Brahma
1869:Yibbum
1846:Misyar
1824:Quaker
1819:Mormon
1792:Jewish
1525:
1515:
1361:
1292:
1175:
891:Brazil
838:Romans
826:Celtic
783:is in
717:litany
593:prayer
534:erusin
411:clergy
375:Israel
322:erusin
310:Erusin
301:chupah
279:erusin
270:Nashim
248:Origin
242:Church
215:fiancé
204:grooms
200:brides
194:(from
122:
115:
108:
101:
93:
18:Fiance
3463:Other
3371:India
3263:Hindu
3072:Music
2967:Bride
2859:Dress
2656:White
2541:Other
2473:Group
2297:Heqin
2278:Other
2229:Trial
2214:Naked
2204:Flash
2133:Death
2126:basis
2113:Proxy
2057:Heqin
2033:Flash
2005:Child
1983:Manus
1975:Yogic
1970:Vedic
1943:Asura
1922:Arsha
1915:Daiva
1897:Hindu
1710:Fleet
1683:Civil
1096:(PDF)
1058:(PDF)
1033:(PDF)
1026:(PDF)
955:Notes
656:“We,
463:, in
396:dowry
379:India
329:gamos
258:Torah
238:marry
234:bless
127:JSTOR
113:books
3293:Odia
3273:Iyer
3216:Ayie
3211:Arab
2827:Suit
2485:Open
2478:Line
2458:Non-
2302:Love
2252:Sham
2219:Peer
2062:Miai
2010:Teen
1774:Void
1545:link
1541:link
1523:OCLC
1513:ISBN
1359:ISBN
1290:ISBN
1271:2021
1243:2021
1217:2022
1173:ISBN
1108:2021
1066:2021
1041:2021
770:gold
726:The
707:and
686:and
676:and
662:N.N.
660:and
658:N.N.
620:The
517:tort
473:will
469:vows
331:and
282:(or
202:and
99:news
41:and
1993:Age
795:to
637:."
527:In
459:In
394:or
298:or
176:or
172:An
165:'s
82:by
3547::
1587:.
1575:.
1537:}}
1533:{{
1521:.
1496:^
1474:,
1451:^
1367:.
1260:.
1234:.
1208:.
1098:.
1074:^
1014:^
990:^
878:a
768:,
757:A
734:,
688:N.
684:N.
678:N.
674:N.
652::
595:,
560:.
377:,
363:.
308:.
244:.
2617:e
2610:t
2603:v
1661:e
1654:t
1647:v
1579:.
1547:)
1529:.
1432:.
1313:.
1298:.
1273:.
1245:.
1219:.
1181:.
1110:.
1068:.
1043:.
738:.
348:.
149:)
143:(
138:)
134:(
124:·
117:·
110:·
103:·
76:.
53:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
