1984:
1404:
1442:(QSFP) module began being used for switch inter-connectivity and was later adopted for use in 4-lane implementations of Gen-6 Fibre Channel supporting 128GFC. QSFP uses either LC connectors for 128GFC-CWDM4 or MPO connectors for 128GFC-SW4 or 128GFC-PSM4. MPO cabling uses 8- or 12-fiber cabling infrastructure that connects to another 128GFC port or may be broken out into four duplex LC connections to 32GFC SFP+ ports. Fibre Channel switches use either SFP or QSFP modules.
1369:
1130:
2074:
1202:
2022:
1027:
4547:
3976:
2082:
132:
36:
1427:
1329:
841:
77:
436:
determine when all the electrical signal values are "good" (stable and valid for simultaneous reception sampling). This challenge becomes evermore difficult in a mass-manufactured technology as data signal frequencies increase, with part of the technical compensation being ever reducing the supported connecting copper-parallel cable length. See
1112:
Fibre
Channel products are available at 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 16 and 32 and 128 Gbit/s; these protocol flavors are called accordingly 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC, 8GFC, 10GFC, 16GFC, 32GFC or 128GFC. The 32GFC standard was approved by the INCITS T11 committee in 2013, and those products became available in 2016.
880:
networking. Adding or removing a device from the loop causes all activity on the loop to be interrupted. The failure of one device causes a break in the ring. Fibre
Channel hubs exist to connect multiple devices together and may bypass failed ports. A loop may also be made by cabling each port to the
451:
Commercial products were released while the standard was still in draft. By the time the standard was ratified lower speed versions were already growing out of use. Fibre
Channel was the first serial storage transport to achieve gigabit speeds where it saw wide adoption, and its success grew with
435:
to overcome limitations of the SCSI and HIPPI physical-layer parallel-signal copper wire interfaces. Such interfaces face the challenge of, among other things, maintaining signal timing coherence across all the data-signal wires (8, 16 and finally 32 for SCSI, 50 for HIPPI) so that a receiver can
1411:
The Fibre
Channel physical layer is based on serial connections that use fiber optics to copper between corresponding pluggable modules. The modules may have a single lane, dual lanes or quad lanes that correspond to the SFP, SFP-DD and QSFP form factors. Fibre Channel does not use 8- or 16-lane
2064:
Some switch manufacturers offer a variety of interoperability modes above and beyond the "native" and "open fabric" states. These "native interoperability" modes allow switches to operate in the native mode of another vendor and still maintain some of the proprietary behaviors of both. However,
388:
When the technology was originally devised, it ran over optical fiber cables only and, as such, was called "Fiber
Channel". Later, the ability to run over copper cabling was added to the specification. In order to avoid confusion and to create a unique name, the industry decided to change the
2784:
Transmitter values listed are the currently specified values for the variant listed. Some older versions of the FC standards listed slightly different values (however, the values listed here fall within the +/− variance allowed). Individual variations for each specification are listed in the
1434:
SFP-DD modules are used for high-density applications that need to double the throughput of an SFP Port. SFP-DD is defined by the SFP-DD MSA and enables breakout to two SFP ports. Two rows of electrical contacts enable doubling the throughput of SFP modules in a similar fashion as QSFP-DD.
800:
Inter-Switch Links, ISLs, are usually multi-lane interconnects used for non-edge, core connections, and other high speed applications demanding maximum bandwidth. ISL’s utilize high bit-rates to accommodate the funneling of edge connections. Some ISL solutions are vendor-proprietary.
2061:, the switches may only achieve adjacency if all switches are placed into their interoperability modes. This is called the "open fabric" mode as each vendor's switch may have to disable its proprietary features to comply with the Fibre Channel standard.
711:
FC used throughout all applications for Fibre
Channel infrastructure and devices, including edge and ISL interconnects. Each speed maintains backward compatibility at least two previous generations (I.e., 32GFC backward compatible to 16GFC and 8GFC)
1196:
end point for Fibre
Channel frame communication, having a distinct address identifier and Name_Identifier,providing an independent set of FC-2V functions to higher levels, and having the ability to act as an Originator, a Responder, or
2734:
482:
Fibre
Channel has seen active development since its inception, with numerous speed improvements on a variety of underlying transport media. The following tables shows the progression of native Fibre Channel speeds:
2379:
2785:
references associated with those entries in this table. FC-PH = X3T11 Project 755D; FC-PH-2 = X3T11 Project 901D; FC-PI-4 = INCITS Project 1647-D; FC-PI-5 = INCITS Project 2118D. Copies are available from
2013:
SANs are often designed with dual fabrics to increase fault tolerance. Two completely separate fabrics are operational and if the primary fabric fails, then the second fabric becomes the primary.
4477:
1133:
FC topologies and port types: This diagram shows how N_Ports can be connected to a fabric or to another N_Port. A Loop Port (L_Port) communicates through a shared loop and is rarely used anymore.
809:
Two major characteristics of Fibre
Channel networks are in-order delivery and lossless delivery of raw block data. Lossless delivery of raw data block is achieved based on a credit mechanism.
2763:
444:
technologies that overcame the speed limitations of the ESCON protocol. By appealing to the large base of SCSI disk drives and leveraging mainframe technologies, Fibre
Channel developed
2033:
Fibre Channel switches can be divided into two classes. These classes are not part of the standard, and the classification of every switch is a marketing decision of the manufacturer:
416:(ANSI)-accredited standards committee. Fibre Channel started in 1988, with ANSI standard approval in 1994, to merge the benefits of multiple physical layer implementations including
1144:
An N_Port is typically an HBA port that connects to a switch's F_Port or another N_Port. Nx_Port communicating through a PN_Port that is not operating a Loop Port State Machine.
2727:
95:
2054:. This is often referred to as operating in its "native mode" and allows the vendor to add proprietary features which may not be compliant with the Fibre Channel standard.
1419:(SFP) module and its enhanced version SFP+, SFP28 and SFP56 are common form factors for Fibre Channel ports. SFP modules support a variety of distances via multi-mode and
1121:. Unlike the 10GFC standards, 16GFC provides backward compatibility with 4GFC and 8GFC since it provides exactly twice the throughput of 8GFC or four times that of 4GFC.
2372:
1228:
instance of the FC-2V sublevel. VN_Port is used when it is desired to emphasize support for multiple Nx_Ports on a single Multiplexer (e.g., via a single PN_Port).
2109:. HBAs connect servers to the Fibre Channel network and are part of a class of devices known as translation devices. Some are OS dependent. Each HBA has a unique
4179:
1205:
A Port has a physical structure as well as logical or virtual structure. This diagram shows how a virtual port may have multiple physical ports and vice versa.
1407:
Fibre Channel predominantly uses SFP/SFP+ modules with LC connector and duplex cabling, but 128GFC uses QSFP28 modules with MPO connectors and ribbon cabling.
1030:
Fibre Channel is a layered technology that starts at the physical layer and progresses through the protocols to the upper level protocols like SCSI and SBCCS.
4010:
2623:
2010:, and other backup while the storage is still accessible to the server. Servers may access storage from multiple storage devices over the network as well.
3416:
1293:
expands the functionality of E ports to support VSAN trunking, Transport quality of service (QoS) parameters, and Fibre Channel trace (fctrace) feature.
3944:
3573:
2759:
2410:
4512:
4487:
4342:
3436:
1960:
1416:
3243:
4551:
4502:
2506:
2460:
2177:
413:
318:) is a high-speed data transfer protocol providing in-order, lossless delivery of raw block data. Fibre Channel is primarily used to connect
3624:
3295:
2193:
286:
3971:
Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.
884:
A minimal loop containing only two ports, while appearing to be similar to point-to-point, differs considerably in terms of the protocol.
345:
cables within and between data centers, but can also run on copper cabling. Supported data rates include 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128
2065:
running in native interoperability mode may still disable some proprietary features and can produce fabrics of questionable stability.
4358:
3677:
3516:
3446:
2167:
2118:
1099:
2137:(WWPN), which is necessarily unique to each port. Adapters or routers can connect Fibre Channel networks to IP or Ethernet networks.
1173:
L_Port that is able to perform the function of an F_Port, attached via a link to one or more NL_Ports in an Arbitrated Loop topology.
3506:
3091:
2102:
233:
215:
113:
63:
921:
The switches manage the state of the Fabric, providing optimized paths via Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF) data routing protocol.
3604:
349:
resulting from improvements in successive technology generations. The industry now notates this as Gigabit Fibre Channel (GFC).
4578:
4003:
2303:
2228:
2213:
1075:
357:
455:
In addition to a modern physical layer, Fibre Channel also added support for any number of "upper layer" protocols, including
4517:
4038:
3396:
2268:
153:
149:
49:
196:
3184:
3948:
3599:
3568:
3216:
3211:
2239:
298:
168:
1074:– Signaling Protocol, defined by the Fibre Channel Framing and Signaling 4 (FC-FS-5) standard, consists of the low level
3546:
2264:
1412:
modules (like CFP8, QSFP-DD, or COBO used in 400GbE) and there are no plans to use these expensive and complex modules.
2643:
4507:
4169:
3872:
3811:
3666:
3330:
3141:
2333:
261:
372:
computers, over Fibre Channel. Fibre Channel can be used to transport data from storage systems that use solid-state
175:
2976:
The older FC-PH and FC-PH-2 list 850nm (for 62.5μm cables) and 780nm (for 50μm cables)(see clause 6.2, 8.2, and 8.3)
3996:
3471:
3236:
2328:
456:
142:
3526:
2308:
2161:
2094:
1430:
SFP-DD modules are used in high-density applications that need to double the throughput of traditional SFP ports.
1420:
924:
The traffic between two ports flows through the switches and not through any other ports like in Arbitrated Loop.
2619:
4307:
4063:
826:
818:
441:
182:
2571:
2040:
offer a high port-count in a modular (slot-based) chassis with no single point of failure (high availability).
1998:
The SAN is a dedicated network that enables multiple servers to access data from one or more storage devices.
1234:
instance of the FC-2V sublevel that connects to another VE_Port or to a B_Port to create an Inter-Switch Link.
1109:
Layers FC-0 are defined in Fibre Channel Physical Interfaces (FC-PI-6), the physical layers of Fibre Channel.
1050:
are encapsulated into Information Units (IUs) for delivery to FC-2. Current FC-4s include FCP-4, FC-SB-5, and
4439:
4058:
3979:
3954:
3846:
3501:
3221:
2572:
Tom Clark, Designing Storage Area Networks: A Practical Reference for Implementing Fibre Channel and IP SANs
2255:
2098:
2026:
1972:
1964:
405:
4297:
893:
Arbitrated Loop has been rarely used after 2010 and its support is being discontinued for new gen switches.
4573:
4497:
3536:
2551:
825:
in Fibre Channel terminology is any entity that actively communicates over the network, not necessarily a
476:
353:
164:
2403:
3800:
3753:
3609:
3381:
3229:
2318:
2224:
319:
1983:
341:
because the switches in a network operate in unison as one big switch. Fibre Channel typically runs on
4393:
3796:
3649:
3531:
2498:
2339:
2276:
2234:
2188:
2172:
2134:
2130:
1992:
1137:
Fibre Channel ports come in a variety of logical configurations. The most common types of ports are:
908:
899:
834:
432:
327:
282:
278:
2789:
4245:
4139:
4118:
4103:
4098:
4088:
3708:
3263:
2323:
2244:
2205:
1403:
4292:
4250:
3252:
2344:
1999:
1383:
1343:
445:
346:
323:
55:
3199:
4240:
4134:
4043:
4019:
3698:
3320:
3256:
3087:
2512:
2502:
2490:
2466:
2456:
2452:
2280:
2260:
460:
4229:(bankrupt, assets sold to Toshiba, which later spun off its SSD and flash business to Kioxia)
2444:
1167:
FC_Port that contains Arbitrated Loop functions associated with the Arbitrated Loop topology.
915:
implementations. Advantages of this topology over point-to-point or Arbitrated Loop include:
4108:
4083:
4053:
3431:
3156:
3146:
3133:
3123:
3113:
3103:
2249:
2156:
2046:
are typically smaller, fixed-configuration (sometimes semi-modular), less redundant devices.
1118:
830:
646:
352:
There are various upper-level protocols for Fibre Channel, including two for block storage.
17:
3189:
2073:
1314:
VEX_Ports are no different from EX_Ports, except underlying transport is IP rather than FC.
189:
4416:
4276:
4194:
4159:
3561:
3411:
3391:
3266:
2793:
2349:
2152:
2147:
2110:
1129:
1114:
868:
525:
390:
338:
829:. This port is usually implemented in a device such as disk storage, a Host Bus Adapter (
1342:
Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
1201:
4434:
4322:
3862:
3556:
3481:
3406:
3310:
3285:
2021:
1095:
927:
Failure of a port is isolated to a link and should not affect operation of other ports.
864:. This is the simplest topology, with limited connectivity. The bandwidth is dedicated.
417:
1423:
as shown in the table below. SFP modules use duplex fiber cabling with LC connectors.
452:
each successive speed. Fibre Channel has doubled in speed every few years since 1996.
4567:
4113:
3934:
3821:
3713:
3644:
3426:
3325:
3315:
3290:
1281:
LCF within the Fabric that attaches to another PE_Port or to a B_Port through a link.
1060:– Common services layer, a thin layer that could eventually implement functions like
437:
369:
342:
1026:
4532:
4382:
4093:
4078:
4048:
3671:
3614:
3466:
3371:
3194:
2090:
2007:
373:
1251:
Fabric inter-element port used to connect bridge devices with E_Ports on a Switch.
3120:– Definitions of Managed Objects for the Fabric Element in Fibre Channel Standard
2373:"Fibre Channel Performance: Congestion, Slow Drain, and Over Utilization, Oh My!"
1308:
instance of the FC-2V sublevel of Fibre Channel that connects to another VA_Port.
1257:
A configured port used to perform diagnostic tests on a link with another D_Port.
4492:
4431:
4376:
4370:
3939:
3918:
3841:
3836:
3681:
3619:
3594:
3521:
3305:
3300:
3160:
3150:
3137:
3127:
3117:
3107:
2882:
2880:
2552:
IBM 7319 Model 100 Fibre Channel Switch 16/266 and IBM Fibre Channel Adapter/266
2292:
2114:
2081:
2003:
1085:
1039:
377:
331:
131:
4387:
4317:
4033:
3792:
3491:
3280:
1061:
877:
2470:
1987:
The Fibre Channel SAN connects servers to storage via Fibre Channel switches.
1183:
If a port can support loop and non-loop functionality, the port is known as:
4255:
4204:
3816:
3806:
3773:
3768:
3703:
3578:
3366:
3351:
3346:
2562:
Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH) Rev 4.3, June 1, 1994
2516:
1426:
1275:
Switch port that may function either as an E_Port, A_Port, or as an Fx_Port.
1209:
Ports have virtual components and physical components and are described as:
1020:
448:
for advanced technologies and deployments became economical and widespread.
1328:
1269:
Switch port that may function either as an E_Port, A_Port, or as an F_Port.
1156:
Switch port that attaches to another E_Port to create an Inter-Switch Link.
817:
There are three major Fibre Channel topologies, describing how a number of
4262:
4232:
4144:
4073:
3826:
3763:
3496:
3356:
2050:
A fabric consisting entirely of one vendors products is considered to be
912:
4271:'s NAND flash SSD business including controllers and renamed it Solidigm
4302:
4199:
3959:
3913:
3897:
3723:
3541:
3486:
3421:
3376:
2760:"Cisco MDS 9000 Family Fabric Manager Configuration Guide, Release 4.x"
1216:
entity that includes a Link_Control_Facility and one or more Nx_Ports.
4312:
4221:
4163:
3988:
3892:
3783:
3758:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3551:
3441:
3401:
3361:
2806:
1222:
instance of the FC-2V sublevel that connects to one or more VN_Ports.
409:
408:
of the International Committee for Information Technology Standards (
3877:
3788:
3163:– MIB for Fibre Channel's Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF) Protocol
2654:
2603:
2583:
2133:(WWNN), which can be shared by some or all ports of a device, and a
840:
930:
Multiple pairs of ports may communicate simultaneously in a Fabric.
4482:
4461:
4444:
4421:
4268:
4150:
3887:
3778:
3718:
3656:
3629:
3511:
3461:
3386:
2288:
1982:
1425:
1402:
1200:
1160:
Fibre Channel Loop protocols create multiple types of Loop Ports:
1128:
1047:
1025:
839:
468:
425:
421:
365:
361:
2057:
If multiple switch vendors are used within the same fabric it is
1038:– Protocol-mapping layer, in which upper level protocols such as
876:). In this design, all devices are in a loop or ring, similar to
4522:
4214:
4209:
4068:
3882:
3867:
3728:
3639:
3634:
3476:
3179:
2313:
2297:
2284:
2272:
2218:
2198:
2182:
2126:
2122:
2106:
1968:
1439:
1065:
1051:
1043:
729:
500:
472:
464:
3992:
3225:
3173:
4456:
4451:
4426:
4399:
4226:
3831:
3456:
3451:
2535:
2002:
uses the SAN to backup to secondary storage devices including
1362:
1322:
1287:
LCF within a Fabric that attaches to a PN_Port through a link.
1245:
combination of one PA_Port and one VA_Port operating together.
974:
887:
Only one pair of ports can communicate concurrently on a loop.
125:
70:
29:
1238:
The following types of ports are also used in Fibre Channel:
844:
Topology diagram of a Fibre Channel point-to-point connection
3180:
INCITS technical committee responsible for FC standards(T11)
1967:(Lucent Connector) fiber connector. Older 1GFC devices used
1150:
An F_Port is a switch port that is connected to an N_Port.
860:). Two devices are connected directly to each other using
2786:
1190:
switch port capable of operating as an F_Port or FL_Port.
2378:. Fibre Channel Industry Association. February 6, 2018.
1291:
TE_Port (Trunking E_Port) A trunking expansion port that
1263:
A type of E_Port used to connect to an FC router fabric.
91:
3205:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2908:
2906:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2828:
2826:
1488:
1,270, 1,290, 1,310 and 1,330 nm longwave light
2924:
2922:
2920:
2918:
1179:
PN_Port that is operating a Loop port state machine.
4470:
4409:
4351:
4335:
4285:
4187:
4178:
4127:
4026:
3927:
3906:
3855:
3691:
3587:
3339:
3273:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3027:
2945:
2943:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2678:
Fibre Channel - Framing and Signaling - 4 (FC-FS-4)
918:
The Fabric can scale to tens of thousands of ports.
304:
292:
272:
267:
255:
248:
156:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
86:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
4153:'s NAND flash SSD business and renamed it Solidigm
2620:"Brocade G620 Gen 6 Fibre Channel Switch Released"
2617:Brocade 32Gb platform released, Storagereview.com
2367:
2365:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2644:128GFC: A Preview of the New Fibre Channel Speed
2025:Fibre Channel director with SFP+ modules and LC
907:). In this design, all devices are connected to
3574:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
2101:, computer architectures, and buses, including
2733:. Brocade Communications, Inc. February 2014.
2613:
2611:
1106:This diagram from FC-FS-4 defines the layers.
4004:
3237:
2886:FC-PH-2 lists 1300nm (see clause 6.1 and 8.1)
2085:Dual port 16 Gb FC host bus adapter card
1068:redundancy algorithms; multiport connections;
8:
2129:). There are two types of WWNs on an HBA; a
2077:Dual port 8 Gb FC host bus adapter card
2937:FC-PH lists 1300nm (see clause 6.1 and 8.1)
2706:
2704:
2029:with Optical Multimode 3 (OM3) fiber (aqua)
1113:The 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC, 8GFC designs all use
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4184:
4011:
3997:
3989:
3244:
3230:
3222:
3130:– Securing Block Storage Protocols over IP
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2547:
2545:
1888:
1444:
1302:A port waiting to become another port type
1117:, while the 10GFC and 16GFC standard uses
1084:– Transmission Protocol, which implements
935:
714:
485:
2762:. Cisco Systems, Inc. November 11, 2013.
2728:"BCFA in a Nutshell Study Guide for Exam"
2710:Fibre Channel - Switch Fabric 6 (FC-SW-6)
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
1991:The goal of Fibre Channel is to create a
1023:layering, and is split into five layers:
234:Learn how and when to remove this message
216:Learn how and when to remove this message
114:Learn how and when to remove this message
98:, without removing the technical details.
2495:The Internet Encyclopedia. Volume 3, P-Z
2484:
2482:
2480:
2080:
2072:
2020:
1975:(Subscriber Connector) fiber connector.
1368:
4343:List of solid-state drive manufacturers
3206:Storage Networking Industry Association
3153:– Fibre Channel Routing Information MIB
2822:
2361:
2113:(WWN), which is similar to an Ethernet
1417:small form-factor pluggable transceiver
2740:from the original on September 7, 2015
833:) network connection on a server or a
360:commands over Fibre Channel networks.
245:
27:Computer storage networking technology
4158:Flash Forward (joint venture between
3190:Introduction to Storage Area Networks
2532:Introduction to Storage Area Networks
2178:Fabric Application Interface Standard
1995:(SAN) to connect servers to storage.
1959:Modern Fibre Channel devices support
440:. FC was developed with leading-edge
414:American National Standards Institute
404:Fibre Channel is standardized in the
96:make it understandable to non-experts
7:
2766:from the original on August 21, 2016
2586:. Fibre Channel Industry Association
2194:Registered State Change Notification
356:(FCP) is a protocol that transports
287:Registered state change notification
154:adding citations to reliable sources
256:Layer 4. Protocol mapping
4359:Advanced Host Controller Interface
3174:Fibre Channel Industry Association
2168:Fibre Channel electrical interface
2119:Organizationally Unique Identifier
1273:GL_Port (Generic Fabric Loop port)
1019:Fibre Channel does not follow the
268:Layer 3. Common services
25:
911:, similar conceptually to modern
45:This article has multiple issues.
4546:
4545:
3975:
3974:
3217:FC Switch Configuration Tutorial
3212:Virtual fibre Channel in Hyper V
1440:quad small form-factor pluggable
1367:
1327:
991:Loop fails (until port bypassed)
431:Fibre Channel was designed as a
130:
75:
34:
3110:– IP and ARP over Fibre Channel
3084:Designing Storage Area Networks
2626:from the original on 2016-04-04
2416:from the original on 2017-08-29
2385:from the original on 2018-03-01
2304:List of Fibre Channel standards
2229:Internet Fibre Channel Protocol
2214:Fibre Channel network protocols
1340:about legacy copper interfaces.
1076:Fibre Channel network protocols
479:) being the predominant usage.
376:storage medium by transporting
141:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
2491:"Storage Area Networks (SANs)"
2125:. However, WWNs are longer (8
2097:, are available for all major
396:for the name of the standard.
364:is a protocol that transports
337:Fibre Channel networks form a
1:
3569:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect
2493:. In Bidgoli, Hossein (ed.).
2240:Fibre Channel time-out values
1651:1,310 nm longwave light
1640:1,550 nm longwave light
1607:1,550 nm longwave light
1577:1,310 nm longwave light
1555:1,310 nm longwave light
1541:1,490 nm longwave light
1530:1,310 nm longwave light
1516:1,310 nm longwave light
1502:1,310 nm longwave light
1477:1,310 nm longwave light
299:Fibre Channel 8b/10b encoding
3547:Intel QuickPath Interconnect
3537:Direct Media Interface (DMI)
2445:"Fibre Channel Architecture"
2210:Fibre Channel Logins (FLOGI)
2199:Virtual Storage Area Network
1680:850 nm shortwave light
1618:1,310 nm longwave light
1378:appears to contradict itself
1267:G_Port (Generic Fabric port)
985:Side effect of port failure
293:Layer 1. Data link
18:Fibre Channel point-to-point
3140:– Fibre Channel Management
2530:"Fibre Channel internals".
2489:Riabov, Vladmir V. (2004).
2443:Preston, W. Curtis (2002).
2334:Serial Storage Architecture
2219:Fibre Channel over Ethernet
1078:; port to port connections;
790:
773:
756:
701:
684:
667:
650:
631:
614:
597:
580:
563:
546:
529:
305:Layer 0. Physical
4595:
3532:Compute Express Link (CXL)
2329:Parallel optical interface
2183:Fabric Shortest Path First
1679:
1671:
1468:
1171:FL_Port (Fabric Loop port)
861:
821:are connected together. A
718:Inter-Switch Link variants
273:Layer 2. Network
4541:
3968:
3769:IEEE-1284 (parallel port)
3684:logical device interface)
3069:FC-PH Annex C and Annex E
2309:List of device bandwidths
2162:Converged network adapter
1971:transceiver, mainly with
1963:transceiver, mainly with
1844:
1817:
1782:
1747:
1712:
1650:
1636:
1617:
1603:
1576:
1573:
1554:
1551:
1526:
1473:
1421:single-mode optical fiber
297:
277:
260:
3086:, Addison-Wesley, 1999.
2314:N_Port ID Virtualization
2027:optical fiber connectors
1306:VA_Port (Virtual A_Port)
1255:D_Port (Diagnostic Port)
1232:VE_Port (Virtual E_Port)
1226:VN_Port (Virtual N_Port)
1220:VF_Port (Virtual F_Port)
1177:NL_Port (Node Loop port)
442:multi-mode optical fiber
4059:Flash memory controller
2256:Interconnect bottleneck
1154:E_Port (Expansion port)
406:T11 Technical Committee
4579:Computer storage buses
4483:JEDEC / JC-42, JC-64.8
3331:List of bus bandwidths
3200:Fibre Channel tutorial
3195:Fibre Channel overview
3185:IBM SAN Survival Guide
2655:Fibre Channel Speedmap
2604:Fibre Channel Speedmap
2404:"Fibre Channel Basics"
2227:(FCIP), contrast with
2121:(OUI) assigned by the
2086:
2078:
2030:
1988:
1431:
1408:
1338:is missing information
1243:A_Port (Adjacent port)
1206:
1134:
1031:
909:Fibre Channel switches
890:Maximum speed of 8GFC.
845:
489:Fibre Channel variants
354:Fibre Channel Protocol
4471:Related organizations
2499:John Wiley & Sons
2319:Optical communication
2298:IP over Fibre Channel
2225:Fibre Channel over IP
2084:
2076:
2024:
1986:
1979:Storage area networks
1898:FC media designation
1429:
1406:
1386:for more information.
1204:
1132:
1029:
843:
740:per direction (MB/s)
511:per direction (MB/s)
389:spelling and use the
328:storage area networks
320:computer data storage
4400:Universal Serial Bus
4394:Serial attached SCSI
3774:IEEE-1394 (FireWire)
3512:PCI Extended (PCI-X)
2809:. 25 September 2012.
2501:. pp. 329–338.
2340:Storage Area Network
2235:Fibre Channel switch
2189:Fibre Channel zoning
2173:Fibre Channel fabric
2135:World Wide Port Name
2131:World Wide Node Name
1993:storage area network
1249:B_Port (Bridge Port)
1148:F_Port (Fabric port)
1098:, includes cabling,
835:Fibre Channel switch
743:Market availability
514:Market availability
330:(SAN) in commercial
283:Fibre Channel zoning
279:Fibre Channel fabric
150:improve this article
4128:Flash manufacturers
4119:Write amplification
4104:Solid-state storage
3615:Parallel ATA (PATA)
2538:. 2016. p. 33.
2324:Optical fiber cable
2245:Gen 5 Fibre Channel
2206:Fibre Channel frame
2185:– routing algorithm
2117:in that it uses an
1536:0.5 m – 10 km
1522:0.5 m - 10 km
1483:0.5m - 0.5 km
721:
682:256b257b (FC-FS-5)
492:
380:protocol commands.
4293:Greenliant Systems
4064:Garbage collection
4020:Solid-state drives
3522:PCI Express (PCIe)
3046:PC-PI-4 Clause 8.2
3021:FC-PI-4 Clause 8.2
2994:FC-PI-5 Clause 8.2
2967:FC-PI-4 Clause 6.4
2958:FC-PI-5 Clause 6.4
2912:FC-PH-2 clause 8.1
2874:FC-PI-4 Clause 8.1
2860:FC-PI-4 Clause 6.3
2844:FC-PI-5 Clause 8.1
2832:FC-PI-5 Clause 6.3
2792:2010-09-15 at the
2455:. pp. 19–39.
2451:. Sebastopol, CA:
2449:Using SANs and NAS
2345:Storage Hypervisor
2087:
2079:
2031:
2000:Enterprise storage
1989:
1569:2 m – 1.4 km
1547:0.5 m – 2 km
1508:0.5m - 10 km
1494:0.5 m – 2 km
1432:
1409:
1207:
1165:L_Port (Loop port)
1142:N_Port (Node port)
1135:
1032:
846:
738:Nominal throughput
715:
509:Nominal throughput
486:
446:economies of scale
368:commands, used by
347:gigabit per second
4561:
4560:
4493:NVMHCI Work Group
4336:SSD manufacturers
4331:
4330:
4089:Over-provisioning
4044:Flash file system
3986:
3985:
3972:
3699:Apple Desktop Bus
3676:PCI Express (via
3635:Serial ATA (SATA)
3321:Network on a chip
2928:FC-PI-4 Clause 11
2508:978-0-471-68997-3
2462:978-0-596-00153-7
2069:Host bus adapters
1957:
1956:
1887:
1886:
1659:2 m – 10 km
1646:2 m – 50 km
1624:2 m – 10 km
1613:2 m – 50 km
1583:2 m – 10 km
1561:2 m – 10 km
1401:
1400:
1361:
1360:
1319:Media and modules
1012:
1011:
999:Access to medium
798:
797:
709:
708:
309:
308:
244:
243:
236:
226:
225:
218:
200:
124:
123:
116:
68:
16:(Redirected from
4586:
4549:
4548:
4417:HDD form factors
4185:
4084:Open-channel SSD
4013:
4006:
3999:
3990:
3978:
3977:
3970:
3432:HP Precision Bus
3246:
3239:
3232:
3223:
3070:
3067:
3061:
3060:PC-PI Clause 8.2
3058:
3047:
3044:
3038:
3037:FC-PI Clause 8.2
3035:
3022:
3019:
3004:
3001:
2995:
2992:
2977:
2974:
2968:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2950:
2949:FC-PH Clause 8.1
2947:
2938:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2913:
2910:
2901:
2900:FC-PI clause 8.1
2898:
2887:
2884:
2875:
2872:
2861:
2858:
2845:
2842:
2833:
2830:
2817:INCITS standards
2811:
2810:
2803:
2797:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2739:
2732:
2724:
2711:
2708:
2679:
2676:
2657:
2652:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2615:
2606:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2580:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2554:
2549:
2540:
2539:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2486:
2475:
2474:
2440:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2415:
2408:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2384:
2377:
2369:
2250:Host Bus Adapter
2157:64b/66b encoding
1892:Multi-mode fiber
1889:
1667:2 m – 2 km
1632:2 m – 2 km
1599:2 m – 2 km
1591:2 m – 4 km
1445:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1353:
1347:
1331:
1323:
1300:(Universal port)
1119:64b/66b encoding
948:Switched fabric
945:Arbitrated loop
936:
881:next in a ring.
854:
853:
722:
720:
719:
555:533 Mbit/s
538:266 Mbit/s
519:133 Mbit/s
493:
491:
490:
433:serial interface
246:
239:
232:
221:
214:
210:
207:
201:
199:
158:
134:
126:
119:
112:
108:
105:
99:
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4537:
4466:
4405:
4347:
4327:
4281:
4235:(bought by OCZ)
4195:Western Digital
4174:
4160:Western Digital
4123:
4027:Key terminology
4022:
4017:
3987:
3982:
3973:
3964:
3923:
3902:
3851:
3764:IEEE-488 (GPIB)
3687:
3583:
3562:Infinity Fabric
3392:Europe Card Bus
3335:
3269:
3250:
3170:
3100:
3098:Further reading
3079:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3025:
3020:
3007:
3003:FC-PI-5 Annex A
3002:
2998:
2993:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2916:
2911:
2904:
2899:
2890:
2885:
2878:
2873:
2864:
2859:
2848:
2843:
2836:
2831:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2794:Wayback Machine
2783:
2779:
2769:
2767:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2714:
2709:
2682:
2677:
2660:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2638:
2629:
2627:
2618:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2598:
2589:
2587:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2570:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2509:
2497:. Hoboken, NJ:
2488:
2487:
2478:
2463:
2442:
2441:
2428:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2350:World Wide Name
2153:8b/10b encoding
2148:Arbitrated loop
2143:
2111:World Wide Name
2071:
2019:
1981:
1673:
1655:
1470:
1461:Medium variant
1454:
1449:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1382:Please see the
1381:
1372:
1357:
1351:
1348:
1341:
1332:
1321:
1127:
1115:8b/10b encoding
1017:
980:24-bit port ID
942:Point-to-point
900:Switched Fabric
869:Arbitrated loop
851:
850:
815:
807:
805:Characteristics
782:256GFC (Gen 7)
765:128GFC (Gen 6)
739:
717:
716:
693:128GFC (Gen 8)
510:
488:
487:
402:
391:British English
386:
339:switched fabric
285:
281:
240:
229:
228:
227:
222:
211:
205:
202:
165:"Fibre Channel"
159:
157:
147:
135:
120:
109:
103:
100:
92:help improve it
89:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4592:
4590:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4566:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4437:
4435:expansion card
4429:
4424:
4419:
4413:
4411:
4410:Configurations
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4397:
4391:
4385:
4380:
4374:
4368:
4362:
4355:
4353:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4230:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4191:
4189:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4142:
4137:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3993:
3984:
3983:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3942:
3937:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3873:Intel HD Audio
3870:
3865:
3863:ADAT Lightpipe
3859:
3857:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3557:HyperTransport
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3311:Bus contention
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3286:Front-side bus
3283:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3267:computer buses
3251:
3249:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3169:
3168:External links
3166:
3165:
3164:
3154:
3144:
3131:
3121:
3111:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3062:
3048:
3039:
3023:
3005:
2996:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2939:
2930:
2914:
2902:
2888:
2876:
2862:
2846:
2834:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2798:
2777:
2751:
2712:
2680:
2658:
2647:
2636:
2622:. March 2016.
2607:
2596:
2575:
2564:
2555:
2541:
2522:
2507:
2476:
2461:
2453:O'Reilly Media
2426:
2395:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2295:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2222:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2150:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2089:Fibre Channel
2070:
2067:
2048:
2047:
2041:
2018:
2015:
2008:tape libraries
1980:
1977:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1895:Fiber diameter
1893:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1826:
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1815:
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1807:
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1803:
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1771:
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1760:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1719:0.5 m – 125 m
1717:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1684:
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1500:
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1481:
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1472:
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1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1451:
1399:
1398:
1375:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1358:
1335:
1333:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1126:
1123:
1104:
1103:
1096:physical layer
1089:
1079:
1069:
1055:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
996:
995:
992:
989:
986:
982:
981:
978:
971:
968:
964:
963:
962:~16777216 (2)
960:
957:
954:
950:
949:
946:
943:
940:
934:
933:
932:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
896:
895:
894:
891:
888:
885:
865:
852:Point-to-point
814:
811:
806:
803:
796:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
779:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
762:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
745:
744:
741:
736:
733:
726:
707:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
690:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
676:64GFC (Gen 7)
673:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
659:32GFC (Gen 6)
656:
655:
652:
649:
644:
641:
640:16GFC (Gen 5)
637:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
620:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
603:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
586:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
569:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
552:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
535:
534:
531:
528:
523:
520:
516:
515:
512:
507:
504:
497:
401:
398:
385:
382:
307:
306:
302:
301:
295:
294:
290:
289:
275:
274:
270:
269:
265:
264:
258:
257:
253:
252:
242:
241:
224:
223:
138:
136:
129:
122:
121:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4591:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4574:Fibre Channel
4572:
4571:
4569:
4554:
4553:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4508:SFF Committee
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4365:Fibre Channel
4363:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4275:
4270:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4126:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4114:Wear leveling
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4014:
4009:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3981:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3935:Multidrop bus
3933:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3842:External PCIe
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3822:Parallel SCSI
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3714:Commodore bus
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3662:Fibre Channel
3660:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3338:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3326:Plug and play
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3316:Bus mastering
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3291:Back-side bus
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3254:
3247:
3242:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3092:0-201-61584-3
3089:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3066:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2997:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2955:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2816:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2781:
2778:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2736:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2600:
2597:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2568:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2526:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2412:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2381:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2093:, as well as
2092:
2083:
2075:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2059:heterogeneous
2055:
2053:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2023:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1994:
1985:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1724:1600-M5E-SN-I
1723:
1722:
1718:
1716:1600-M5F-SN-I
1715:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1519:3200-SM-LC-L
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1491:128GFC-CWDM4
1490:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1395:
1392:November 2023
1385:
1379:
1376:This section
1374:
1365:
1364:
1355:
1352:November 2023
1345:
1339:
1336:This section
1334:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1014:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
997:
993:
990:
987:
984:
983:
979:
976:
972:
969:
967:Address size
966:
965:
961:
958:
955:
952:
951:
947:
944:
941:
938:
937:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
901:
897:
892:
889:
886:
883:
882:
879:
875:
871:
870:
866:
863:
859:
855:
848:
847:
842:
838:
836:
832:
828:
827:hardware port
824:
820:
812:
810:
804:
802:
793:
787:
784:
781:
780:
776:
770:
767:
764:
763:
759:
753:
750:
747:
746:
742:
737:
734:
731:
727:
724:
723:
713:
705:Planned 2024
704:
698:
695:
692:
691:
687:
681:
678:
675:
674:
670:
664:
661:
658:
657:
653:
648:
645:
642:
639:
638:
634:
628:
625:
623:8GFC (Gen 4)
622:
621:
617:
611:
608:
606:4GFC (Gen 3)
605:
604:
600:
594:
591:
589:2GFC (Gen 2)
588:
587:
583:
577:
574:
572:1GFC (Gen 1)
571:
570:
566:
560:
557:
554:
553:
549:
543:
540:
537:
536:
532:
527:
524:
521:
518:
517:
513:
508:
505:
502:
498:
495:
494:
484:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
449:
447:
443:
439:
438:Parallel SCSI
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
399:
397:
395:
392:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
370:IBM mainframe
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
343:optical fiber
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:Fibre Channel
303:
300:
296:
291:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
266:
263:
259:
254:
251:
250:Fibre Channel
247:
238:
235:
220:
217:
209:
198:
195:
191:
188:
184:
181:
177:
174:
170:
167: –
166:
162:
161:Find sources:
155:
151:
145:
144:
139:This article
137:
133:
128:
127:
118:
115:
107:
97:
93:
87:
84:This article
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
4550:
4527:
4383:SATA Express
4364:
4109:Trim command
4099:Secure erase
4094:Read disturb
4049:Flash memory
3661:
3467:TURBOchannel
3257:
3083:
3065:
3042:
2999:
2972:
2963:
2954:
2933:
2801:
2780:
2768:. Retrieved
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2650:
2639:
2628:. Retrieved
2599:
2588:. Retrieved
2578:
2567:
2558:
2531:
2525:
2494:
2448:
2418:. Retrieved
2398:
2387:. Retrieved
2099:open systems
2088:
2063:
2058:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2032:
2012:
1997:
1990:
1958:
1906:62.5 μm
1848:100-M5E-SN-I
1821:200-M5E-SN-I
1794:400-M5E-SN-I
1786:400-M5F-SN-I
1759:800-M5E-SN-I
1751:800-M5F-SN-I
1740:1600-M6-SN-S
1732:1600-M5-SN-S
1674:Fiber (MMF)
1544:1600-SM-LZ-I
1533:1600-SM-LC-L
1480:128GFC-PSM4
1471:Fiber (SMF)
1458:Transmitter
1437:
1433:
1414:
1410:
1389:
1377:
1349:
1337:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1208:
1193:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1136:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1057:
1035:
1018:
904:
898:
873:
867:
857:
849:
822:
816:
808:
799:
735:Line coding
710:
506:Line coding
481:
454:
450:
430:
403:
393:
387:
374:flash memory
351:
336:
332:data centers
315:
311:
310:
249:
230:
212:
203:
193:
186:
179:
172:
160:
148:Please help
143:verification
140:
110:
101:
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
4440:Thunderbolt
4432:PCI Express
4377:PCI Express
4371:NVM Express
4286:Independent
4180:Controllers
4079:Memory wear
3940:CoreConnect
3919:ExpressCard
3847:Thunderbolt
3837:Camera Link
3620:Bus and Tag
3306:Address bus
3301:Control bus
3296:Daisy chain
2293:PCI Express
2115:MAC address
2052:homogeneous
2004:disk arrays
1880:100-M6-SL-I
1872:100-M5-SL-I
1864:100-M6-SN-I
1856:100-M5-SN-I
1837:200-M6-SN-I
1829:200-M5-SN-I
1810:400-M6-SN-I
1802:400-M5-SN-I
1775:800-M6-SN-S
1767:800-M5-SN-S
1683:128GFC-SW4
1664:100-SM-LL-I
1656:100-SM-LC-L
1654:100-SM-LL-L
1643:100-SM-LL-V
1629:200-SM-LL-I
1621:200-SM-LC-L
1610:200-SM-LL-V
1596:400-SM-LL-I
1588:400-SM-LC-M
1580:400-SM-LC-L
1566:800-SM-LC-I
1558:800-SM-LC-L
1469:Single-mode
1088:of signals;
1086:line coding
1040:NVM Express
728:Line-rate (
499:Line-rate (
262:LUN masking
4568:Categories
4445:USB Type-C
4388:Serial ATA
4352:Interfaces
4318:PMC-Sierra
4034:Encryption
3793:ACCESS.bus
3692:Peripheral
3492:InfiniBand
3487:HP GSC bus
3281:System bus
3082:Clark, T.
2807:"Hardware"
2630:2016-04-04
2590:2023-03-05
2584:"Roadmaps"
2420:2018-03-22
2389:2018-02-28
2357:References
1950:50 μm
1939:50 μm
1928:50 μm
1917:50 μm
1867:0.5–300 m
1859:0.5–500 m
1851:0.5–860 m
1840:0.5–150 m
1832:0.5–300 m
1824:0.5–500 m
1805:0.5–150 m
1797:0.5–380 m
1789:0.5–400 m
1762:0.5–150 m
1754:0.5–190 m
1727:0.5–100 m
1708:0 – 100 m
1686:0 – 100 m
1672:Multi-mode
1100:connectors
1062:encryption
1046:, IP, and
1008:Dedicated
1005:Arbitrated
988:Link fails
953:Max ports
939:Attribute
878:Token Ring
813:Topologies
768:28.05 × 4
522:0.1328125
206:April 2024
176:newspapers
104:April 2024
50:improve it
4256:SandForce
4205:Fusion-io
3754:Lightning
3704:Atari SIO
3579:SpaceWire
3412:Zorro III
3352:S-100 bus
3347:SS-50 bus
3340:Standards
3260:standards
3253:Technical
3202:(UNH-IOL)
2471:472853124
2409:. Apple.
2038:Directors
1813:0.5–70 m
1778:0.5–21 m
1770:0.5–50 m
1743:0.5–15 m
1735:0.5–35 m
1697:0 - 100m
1694:64GFC-SW
1505:64GFC-LW
1464:Distance
1384:talk page
1344:talk page
1021:OSI model
1002:Dedicated
788:256b257b
785:28.9 × 4
771:256b257b
751:10.51875
699:256b257b
665:256b257b
541:0.265625
384:Etymology
56:talk page
4552:Category
4523:T10/SCSI
4303:Maxiotek
4263:SK Hynix
4233:Indilinx
4145:SK Hynix
3980:Category
3955:Wishbone
3928:Embedded
3907:Portable
3827:Profibus
3759:DMX512-A
3645:Parallel
3497:Ethernet
3407:Zorro II
3357:Multibus
3258:de facto
2790:Archived
2770:June 28,
2764:Archived
2744:June 28,
2735:Archived
2624:Archived
2517:55610291
2411:Archived
2380:Archived
2141:See also
2044:Switches
2017:Switches
1883:2–175 m
1875:2–500 m
1705:3200-SN
1312:VEX_Port
1042:(NVMe),
913:Ethernet
730:gigabaud
558:0.53125
501:gigabaud
4533:T13/ATA
4503:SATA-IO
4308:Marvell
4267:Bought
4251:Seagate
4246:Samsung
4200:SanDisk
4188:Captive
4149:Bought
4140:Samsung
4054:SLC/MLC
3960:SLIMbus
3914:PC Card
3898:TOSLINK
3588:Storage
3542:RapidIO
3422:FASTBUS
3377:STD Bus
3274:General
3077:Sources
1677:12,800
1474:12,800
1455:(MB/s)
1285:PF_Port
1279:PE_Port
1261:EX_Port
1214:PN_Port
1194:Nx_Port
1188:Fx_Port
1052:FC-NVMe
905:FC-SW-6
874:FC-AL-2
862:N_ports
858:FC-FS-3
791:25,600
774:12,800
754:64b66b
702:12,800
643:14.025
575:1.0625
471:, with
400:History
324:servers
190:scholar
90:Please
4528:T11/FC
4498:USB-IF
4478:INCITS
4390:(SATA)
4379:(PCIe)
4373:(NVMe)
4361:(AHCI)
4313:Phison
4241:Micron
4222:Kioxia
4164:Kioxia
4135:Micron
3893:S/PDIF
3784:1-Wire
3749:RS-485
3744:RS-423
3739:RS-422
3734:RS-232
3595:ST-506
3552:NVLink
3402:STEbus
3362:Unibus
3208:(SNIA)
3176:(FCIA)
3159:
3149:
3136:
3126:
3116:
3106:
3090:
2787:INCITS
2515:
2505:
2469:
2459:
2300:(IPFC)
2231:(iFCP)
2221:(FCoE)
1713:1,600
1702:3,200
1691:6,400
1527:1,600
1513:3,200
1499:6,400
1453:Speed
1448:Fiber
1297:U_Port
1015:Layers
757:1,200
748:10GFC
685:6,400
668:3,200
662:28.05
651:1,600
647:64b66b
629:8b10b
612:8b10b
595:8b10b
592:2.125
578:8b10b
561:8b10b
544:8b10b
467:) and
412:), an
410:INCITS
192:
185:
178:
171:
163:
4462:EDSFF
4422:mSATA
4402:(USB)
4396:(SAS)
4269:Intel
4151:Intel
3888:McASP
3856:Audio
3801:SMBus
3797:PMBus
3779:UNI/O
3719:HP-IL
3672:SATAe
3657:ESCON
3630:HIPPI
3462:NuBus
3417:CAMAC
3387:Q-Bus
3382:SMBus
3367:VAXBI
3264:wired
2738:(PDF)
2731:(PDF)
2414:(PDF)
2407:(PDF)
2383:(PDF)
2376:(PDF)
2336:(SSA)
2289:iSCSI
2252:(HBA)
2164:(CNA)
2127:bytes
1450:type
1197:both.
1125:Ports
1102:etc.;
1048:FICON
903:(see
872:(see
856:(see
819:ports
794:2020
777:2016
760:2009
725:Name
696:56.1
688:2020
679:28.9
671:2016
654:2011
635:2008
618:2004
609:4.25
601:2001
584:1997
550:1994
533:1993
530:12.5
526:8b10b
496:Name
469:FICON
426:ESCON
422:HIPPI
394:fibre
366:ESCON
362:FICON
197:JSTOR
183:books
4518:SSSI
4513:SNIA
4488:ONFI
4367:(FC)
4298:Goke
4277:FADU
4215:sTec
4210:HGST
4170:YMTC
4162:and
4074:MB/s
4069:IOPS
3945:AMBA
3883:MADI
3868:AES3
3729:MIDI
3682:NVMe
3678:AHCI
3640:SCSI
3625:DSSI
3600:ESDI
3477:SBus
3437:EISA
3372:MBus
3262:for
3255:and
3161:4626
3151:4625
3138:4044
3128:3723
3118:2837
3108:2625
3088:ISBN
2772:2016
2746:2016
2513:OCLC
2503:ISBN
2467:OCLC
2457:ISBN
2285:SCSI
2273:SATA
2261:FATA
2123:IEEE
2107:SBus
2105:and
2095:CNAs
2091:HBAs
1969:GBIC
1961:SFP+
1953:N/A
1947:OM5
1942:M5F
1936:OM4
1931:M5E
1925:OM3
1914:OM2
1903:OM1
1845:100
1818:200
1783:400
1748:800
1637:100
1604:200
1574:400
1552:800
1438:The
1415:The
1092:FC-0
1082:FC-1
1072:FC-2
1066:RAID
1058:FC-3
1044:SCSI
1036:FC-4
977:ALPA
823:port
632:800
626:8.5
615:400
598:200
581:100
473:SCSI
465:IPFC
424:and
418:SCSI
378:NVMe
358:SCSI
169:news
4457:U.3
4452:U.2
4427:M.2
4323:SMI
4227:OCZ
4039:ECC
3949:AXI
3878:I²S
3832:USB
3817:D²B
3812:SPI
3807:I3C
3789:I²C
3724:HIL
3709:DCB
3680:or
3667:SSA
3650:SAS
3610:SMD
3605:IPI
3527:AGP
3517:PXI
3507:PCI
3502:UPA
3482:VLB
3472:MCA
3457:VPX
3452:VXS
3447:VXI
3442:VME
3427:LPC
3397:ISA
3157:RFC
3147:RFC
3142:MIB
3134:RFC
3124:RFC
3114:RFC
3104:RFC
2536:IBM
2281:AoE
2277:SAS
2269:ATA
2265:IDE
2103:PCI
1920:M5
1909:M6
1064:or
975:bit
959:127
831:HBA
564:50
547:25
477:FCP
457:ATM
326:in
322:to
152:by
94:to
4570::
3799:,
3795:,
3051:^
3026:^
3008:^
2981:^
2942:^
2917:^
2905:^
2891:^
2879:^
2865:^
2849:^
2837:^
2825:^
2715:^
2683:^
2661:^
2610:^
2544:^
2534:.
2511:.
2479:^
2465:.
2447:.
2429:^
2364:^
2291:,
2287:,
2283:,
2279:,
2275:,
2271:,
2267:,
2263:,
2155:,
2006:,
1973:SC
1965:LC
1094:–
994:—
973:8-
837:.
732:)
567:?
503:)
461:IP
459:,
428:.
420:,
334:.
316:FC
59:.
4166:)
4012:e
4005:t
3998:v
3951:)
3947:(
3803:)
3791:(
3245:e
3238:t
3231:v
2796:.
2774:.
2748:.
2633:.
2593:.
2519:.
2473:.
2423:.
2392:.
1394:)
1390:(
1380:.
1354:)
1350:(
1346:.
1054:.
970:—
956:2
475:(
463:(
314:(
237:)
231:(
219:)
213:(
208:)
204:(
194:·
187:·
180:·
173:·
146:.
117:)
111:(
106:)
102:(
88:.
66:)
62:(
20:)
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