610:(NYS DCJS). After which, each fire police member is required to take an oath of office by either the AHJ (Chief/Assistant Chief) of the supporting fire company or the town, county or city clerks office and a copy of which must be kept on file in the town, county, city clerk's office in the municipality in which they serve. The training coordinator must fill out and submit all paperwork concerning the course study and attendance to DCJS for each individual fire company. At that time, each individual person is now registered and certified as a Peace Officer by the State of New York. Fire police in New York State are peace officers as per Article 2.10 Subsection 41 of the states Criminal Procedure Law. When acting pursuant to their special duties and allowed by the fire agency, fire police have the powers of peace officers which are listed in Article 2.20 of the states Criminal Procedure Law. Peace officer status does grant fire police arrest powers however, they may not carry a firearm without additional licensing
709:
again in 1980 (Act 74, 388, 209, 122) to broaden the scope of authority of the fire police. In 1949, the law was amended (Act 388) to give fire police the power to act without fire company involvement if requested to do so by their municipality. In 1959, (Act 209) the law was again amended to allow fire police to use their police powers in any non-emergency public function conducted by or under the auspices of any volunteer fire company and the requirement of the request of the municipality was later removed from the law.
161:
1966:
2014:
32:
2002:
1990:
1978:
713:- current law), the Fire Police Act was amended to, among other things, make it clear that the act does not (in and of itself) grant fire police officers the right or power to use firearms or other weapons. Conversely, nothing in the law prohibits Pennsylvania Fire Police, with a permit to carry a weapon, from carrying such while performing their duties.
613:
These duties are granted under
Section 209 (c) of the General Municipal Law. As New York State peace officers, they are required to take an oath, a copy of which must be kept on file in the town clerk's office in the municipality in which they serve. As mandated by Executive Law, Section 845 (Chapter
253:
Residents, owners, occupants, relatives, transients, spectators, and the media are among those who may approach the scene of an incident, and fire police prevent them from being harmed or hampering the work of emergency services personnel working at the scene. Since fire police are often the public's
712:
Furthermore, the provision that allows fire police to use their police power in non-emergency events was later amended to authorize these officers to provide police services for organizations other than volunteer fire companies if requested to do so by their respective municipality. In 1980 (Act 122
418:
the NZ Fire
Service announced its intention to have Section 33 of the Fire Service Act (allowing for fire police) repealed. With this in mind, fire police units across New Zealand have become operational support units, with a largely unchanged role, but without the powers of police. The powers of a
236:
consists of managing the flow of vehicles around or through the immediate vicinity of an emergency. This may entail road closures, diversions, full 'points' control at intersections, or '1-way-shunts', in which the road is reduced to one lane and its direction is alternated in a controlled fashion.
724:
All fire police officers are sworn officers of the law and when on duty shall display a badge of authority and shall be subject to control of the chief of police of the city, borough, town or township in which they are serving, or if none, of a member of the
Pennsylvania state police. Disobeying a
594:
However, in 2005, emergency workers in Maine received the authority to "redirect traffic" at emergency scenes as public safety traffic flaggers (PSTF's). This new authority improved upon the previous custom of fire police doing so by citing the state law that allows them to use reasonable force to
401:
members of the fire service carried out the same tasks (using the powers of a firefighter gained through
Section 28 of the Fire Service Act). Firefighters (including operational support members) gained all the powers required to conduct their operations through Section 28; fire police wielded both
683:
Uniformed regular and volunteer firemen and uniformed regular and volunteer members of a rescue squad in North
Carolina may direct traffic and enforce traffic laws and ordinances at the scene of or in connection with fires, accidents, or other hazards in connection with their duties as firemen or
708:
However, the passage of the aforementioned bill granted
Pennsylvania's special fire police officers the police power to provide protection. In addition, fire police were legally created to assist their fire department during emergency situations. Moreover, Title 35 was amended in 1949, 1959, and
550:
Unlike many other fire police departments, those in
Connecticut do not necessarily have police powers or acts as sworn agents of a body of government. Instead, their authority flows directly from the fire chief of their parent fire department; however, this authority relates only to fire drills,
595:
protect a fire scene. Moreover, the law requires anyone acting as a PSTF to be properly trained and wear appropriate safety gear. Furthermore, while PSTF duties are generally carried out by fire police, other department members with proper PSTF training may be pressed into duty at busy scenes.
590:
in some towns, albeit rarely. Special police are police officers appointed for one-year terms and given very limited authority by their township to carry out specified duties. For example, under Maine law, only a police officer may actually shut down a roadway, while fire police cannot.
628:- In order to protect firefighters from outside interference, each New York State fire police detachment regulates traffic at the scene of any emergency to which its respective department has been called until relieved by the arrival of a fire chief or the regular police agency.
558:
All
Connecticut fire police are certified by the Connecticut Fire Police Association under the standards of the Connecticut Fire Academy, and many fire departments have specialized or modified their apparatus for traffic control. For instance, the Hebron volunteer fire company
720:
Fire police may control the flow of traffic to ensure emergency vehicles have a quick, safe entrance and egress to an incident. They may halt traffic or detour traffic because of the situation and the dangers involved. They take orders from the police authority in charge.
692:
Fire police in
Pennsylvania are volunteer fire company members and are sworn in by the mayor, borough council president, township supervisor, or the local district justice of the peace. While they are usually under the direct control of the local police, they are under the
390:, fire police formerly existed by virtue of Section 33 of the Fire Service Act 1975. The Fire Service Act allowed for the formation of volunteer fire police units (based on the approval of the district chief of police) and bestowed upon them the legal powers of a police
143:. In some jurisdictions, fire police are exterior firefighters and may be called upon at fire scenes to perform any of the duties of an interior firefighter except those that require a self-contained breathing apparatus. On occasion, fire police also assist regular
634:- Residents, owners, occupants, relatives, transients, spectators, and even the news media may hamper firefighting operations; therefore, New York State fire police use tact and courtesy to prevent them from being harmed or obstructing firefighting operations.
652:- The reckless disregard for safe driving within an emergency area, driving over fire hoses, spectators' disrespect for fire lines, and non-emergency vehicles intrusions, comprise just some of the situations that New York fire police must prevent.
222:, USA, are under the direction of the state or local police. Where no other fire brigade resources are present, fire police will usually assist police under the direction of the police's OIC or, depending on local regulations, act autonomously.
669:. - Although New York fire police prevent unauthorized entry into the scene, they remain alert to the fact that bystanders may possess critical information. In addition, they protect the scene's evidence and report unusual events or happenings.
640:- New York State fire police provide room for apparatus, emergency vehicles, service vehicles, and firefighters' vehicles to, among other things, park, operate, turn around, perform tanker operations, and lay hose lines for firefighters.
402:
these and the powers of a constable gained through
Section 33. Operationally, fire police units and operational support units were generally considered to be equivalent, and were well valued by both the operational firefighters and the
274:
to provide additional manpower. Many of the tasks listed above also fall within the area of responsibility of the police, but fire police when on the scene may allow the police to concentrate on other more specific areas of expertise.
716:
In conclusion, these amendments widened the scope of authority of fire police in Pennsylvania to have limited police powers, and although they have no authority to make arrests, they do have the right to detain someone within reason.
419:
constable are considered unnecessary, as all the functions of fire police were able to be legally carried out under Section 28 of the Act (powers of a chief fire officer) under delegation, except for the power of arrest.
614:
482, Laws of 1979 and Chapter 843 Laws of 1980), they are also listed with the Central Registry of Police and Peace Officers at the New York State, Division of Criminal Justice Services, Office of Public Safety in
554:
The state of Connecticut requires that fire police officers are officially appointed by the fire chief, and it provides them with, among other things, distinctive badges of office, headgear, reflective equipment.
2052:
551:
emergencies within the fire district, and mutual aid situations. Nevertheless, the mayor or first selectman of some towns may give fire police constable status despite this worldwide custom.
996:
427:
In 2017, the Fire Services Act 1975 was repealed, and replaced with the Fire And Emergency New Zealand Act 2017. Under this new Act, Fire Police in New Zealand no longer exist in law.
147:: they perform road closures, traffic control, crowd control at public events, missing persons searches, parade details, salvage, security, and other miscellaneous tasks as requested.
287:
resource - vehicle movements, communications or similar. This would particularly be the case at a scene controlled by the fire brigade but they may be called upon by other services.
135:, and support firefighting efforts at emergency incidents. In addition to securing firefighting equipment, incident and fire scenes, and the station itself, fire police perform
1893:
607:
662:
To protect the property at the scene of a fire until the chief releases the fire police from duty and turns the responsibility over to other police agencies or to the owner.
571:
Hayward volunteer fire company has Service 328, a utility pick-up truck that it has modified specifically for traffic control by equipping it to hold many cones and signs.
394:. Several fire police units existed around New Zealand, some attached to volunteer fire brigades, and others acting as individual units and/or brigades in their own right.
245:
Fire police assist in ensuring that the scene of an incident remains safe for firefighters, emergency service workers, and members of the public working in its vicinity.
171:
764:. Every career firefighter was a police officer. In 1945 the fire departments came under municipal administration again, strictly separated from police jurisdictions.
2045:
705:
in 1896 and until the passage of Title 35 in 1941, had no greater authority than that which could be provided by their respective fire company and municipality.
218:
Fire police are a fire department resource and answer to the officer in charge (OIC) of the fire brigade in attendance. However, special fire police officers in
414:
A review of the Fire Service Act was announced in the late 2000s but a change of government placed this on hold. However, in the aftermath of the review of the
646:- New York State fire police keep all non-firefighters away from (and especially off) department vehicles and equipment in order to prevent damage and looting.
1811:
2444:
2411:
2038:
1643:
527:- depending upon jurisdiction and local authorizing laws. At fire service incidents, fire police assume either the full or necessary powers of a police
922:
891:
725:
fire police officer is the same as disobeying a police officer, sheriff's deputy, state constable or state trooper and assaulting one is a felony.
2418:
1000:
1174:
1084:
860:
737:
1801:
2391:
1648:
1449:
1295:
1149:
262:
Fire police may be asked to provide a scene guard in order to prevent looting or theft and monitor unattended fire brigade equipment.
2293:
436:
205:
115:
2072:
225:
While the exact role of fire police may vary between brigades and between countries, the general themes are constant throughout:
1608:
758:'Fire Protection Police') was a national firefighter unit formed by former municipal career fire departments and a part of the
2449:
2005:
1888:
1159:
658:- Owing to their common causes of protection, safety, and order, New York fire police cooperate with regular police agencies.
53:
1698:
1265:
702:
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if no local department is available. The first fire police officers in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania were appointed in
535:
343:
96:
1903:
1898:
1878:
68:
49:
1673:
1628:
306:
971:
187:
2454:
2375:
1921:
1653:
1592:
1077:
953:
331:
75:
1022:"United Fire Brigades Association of New Zealand "RIP Fire Police: 1867-2011" (with History of Fire Police in NZ)"
42:
2401:
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1633:
1164:
694:
2220:
1993:
1951:
1668:
1562:
1474:
1200:
837:
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Fire police in New Zealand engaged in all of the above listed roles. In areas where fire police did not exist,
351:
271:
371:
1981:
82:
2318:
2017:
1638:
1547:
929:
698:
568:
898:
598:
See Maine Revised Statutes, Title 29-A, Chapter 2091 - "Control of vehicular traffic at emergency scenes".
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2061:
1883:
1776:
1464:
1444:
1275:
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773:
355:
335:
814:
131:
are fire department members who, based upon their jurisdictional authority, receive sworn police powers,
2439:
2396:
1969:
1821:
1403:
1169:
1070:
783:
367:
64:
606:
Under New York State law, Fire Police must complete a Fire Police certification course outlined by the
2308:
2160:
2125:
1862:
1816:
1703:
1240:
1235:
1134:
524:
375:
233:
136:
2115:
1721:
1577:
1567:
1434:
1363:
1343:
867:
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To enforce the laws of New York State relating to firematic activities and firefighting techniques.
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311:
1021:
2325:
1761:
1746:
1419:
1270:
1207:
1114:
750:
728:
Current Pennsylvania fire police law is found in Title 35, Chapter 74, subchapters 7431 to 7437.
440:
403:
20:
1542:
2185:
1926:
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1383:
1358:
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327:
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2150:
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To carry out the orders of the chief who is in supreme command at all fires and emergencies.
615:
515:. They must take an oath of office and be sworn in by a municipal clerk or official, mayor,
496:
183:
684:
rescue squad members. These members are not, however, considered law enforcement officers.
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first point of contact with the fire department, they must be skilled in public relations.
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2175:
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849:
NZ Legislation Online. Browse through 'Statutes' and look for Fire Service Act under 'F'.
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972:"Role of Fire Police and Operational Support; Extract from NZFS Official documentation"
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323:
219:
736:
In Vietnam, Vietnam Fire and Rescue Police Department (FRPD) is under command of
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31:
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1124:
574:
This is spelled out in Connecticut statute under Chapter 104, Section 7-313a.
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516:
492:
464:
354:, are designated as being part of the military of the Federative Units by the
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To preserve the crime scene until the proper authority arrives on the scene
975:
350:). Members of the Military Firefighters Corps, such as the members of the
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1842:
1683:
1255:
1154:
484:
476:
957:
542:
State code as early as the 1850s supported fire police in their duties.
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2298:
2251:
861:"New Zealand Fire Service STAR Magazine, Issue 88 Mar/Apr 04 (Page 24)"
520:
480:
452:
2082:
923:"New Zealand Fire and Rescue Magazine, Issue 26 Mar/Apr 07 (Page 16)"
301:
144:
892:"New Zealand Fire and Rescue Magazine, Issue 22 Aug/Sep 06 (Page 8)"
1414:
1046:
New York State Criminal Procedure Law Article 2.10 Subsection (25)
1035:
New York State Criminal Procedure Law Article 2.20 Subsection (25)
504:
848:
838:
Constitutional Amendment 18, of February 5, 1998. (In Portuguese)
508:
2034:
1066:
1062:
997:"NZ Department of Internal Affairs, Review of Fire Legislation"
954:"Hutt Valley Fire Police Website; Role of Fire Police article"
154:
25:
586:
and do not have any police powers, they may be sworn in as
538:
as forming one of the first fire police units. Laws in
342:, also composing the Single System of Public Security (
318:) are military public security forces, responsible for
179:
270:
Fire police are often called upon by police and other
632:
To protect the general public at the scene of a fire.
16:
Type of police auxiliary with limited police powers.
2239:
2081:
1939:
1914:
1871:
1830:
1712:
1691:
1682:
1601:
1473:
1294:
1226:
1183:
1100:
638:
To keep fire areas clear for fire fighting purpose.
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
656:To cooperate with all regular police agencies.
2046:
1078:
168:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1812:Wildfire suppression equipment and personnel
644:To protect the equipment of a fire company.
608:New York State Division of Criminal Justice
455:had dual firefighting and policing duties.
19:For Nazi Germany era firefighter unit, see
2053:
2039:
2031:
1688:
1644:International Association of Fire Fighters
1085:
1071:
1063:
563:, CT) has Service 310, a modified retired
206:Learn how and when to remove this message
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
626:To regulate traffic at emergency scenes.
795:
803:Article 144 of Constitution of Brazil.
7:
1977:
1802:Modular Airborne FireFighting System
54:adding citations to reliable sources
582:Although Maine fire police are not
229:Traffic control at emergency scenes
1450:Self-contained breathing apparatus
1150:Firefighter assist and search team
348:Sistema Único de Segurança Pública
14:
2445:Firefighting in the United States
2062:Types of law enforcement agencies
437:Central Industrial Security Force
2012:
2000:
1988:
1976:
1965:
1964:
1175:Fire department ranks by country
159:
30:
2013:
1649:International Firefighters' Day
1609:Candidate Physical Ability Test
1056:North Carolina statute 20-114.1
366:Prior to the 2018 formation of
41:needs additional citations for
1160:Special operations firefighter
463:Fire police exist in thirteen
338:and an auxiliary force of the
1:
2294:Criminal investigation agency
1699:Wildfire emergency management
1266:Hazardous materials apparatus
621:Their duties are as follows:
536:Burlington County, New Jersey
334:. Since 1915, it has been a
291:Fire police around the world
1674:World Police and Fire Games
1629:Fire protection engineering
748:During the Third Reich the
738:Ministry of Public Security
307:Military Firefighters Corps
182:, discuss the issue on the
2473:
1922:Glossary of wildfire terms
1654:List of firefighting films
1102:Personnel and organization
423:Dissolution of Fire Police
316:Corpo de Bombeiros Militar
283:Fire police may provide a
18:
2384:
2351:Protective security units
2068:
1960:
1634:Geography of firefighting
1165:Volunteer fire department
695:Pennsylvania State Police
347:
249:Crowd control and liaison
1952:Template:Fire protection
1669:World Firefighters Games
1563:Gaseous fire suppression
272:law enforcement agencies
1639:History of firefighting
2407:Law enforcement agency
2247:Anti-corruption agency
1777:Firefighting apparatus
1465:Thermal imaging camera
1445:Secure information box
1261:Firefighting apparatus
774:Emergency Service Unit
336:military reserve force
315:
2450:Law enforcement units
1822:Wildland water tender
1404:Hydraulic rescue tool
1170:Women in firefighting
784:Women in firefighting
372:People's Armed Police
368:China Fire and Rescue
2309:Intelligence officer
2126:Conservation officer
1863:Wildland fire module
1817:Wildland fire engine
1704:Wildfire suppression
1241:Fire command vehicle
1236:Airport crash tender
1135:Retained firefighter
525:justice of the peace
376:wildfire suppression
374:was responsible for
356:Federal Constitution
344:Brazilian Portuguese
188:create a new article
180:improve this article
170:may not represent a
50:improve this article
2419:Intelligence agency
2116:Cathedral constable
1722:Aerial firefighting
1578:Stop, drop and roll
1568:Multiple-alarm fire
1435:Portable water tank
1344:Fire proximity suit
819:www.planalto.gov.br
399:operational support
2326:Neighborhood watch
2221:Territorial police
1762:Fire retardant gel
1747:Fire lookout tower
1420:New York roof hook
1271:Light and air unit
1208:Fire lookout tower
1115:Chief fire officer
751:Feuerschutzpolizei
404:New Zealand Police
21:Feuerschutzpolizei
2455:Firefighter ranks
2427:
2426:
2186:Regimental police
2028:
2027:
1935:
1934:
1927:List of wildfires
1787:Helicopter bucket
1782:Firefighting foam
1384:Hard suction hose
1329:Fire extinguisher
1319:Fire brigade keys
443:have fire wings.
416:Policing Act 2008
328:search and rescue
266:Police assistance
216:
215:
208:
190:, as appropriate.
126:
125:
118:
100:
2462:
2191:Religious police
2151:Municipal police
2096:Auxiliary police
2055:
2048:
2041:
2032:
2016:
2015:
2004:
2003:
1992:
1991:
1980:
1979:
1968:
1967:
1689:
1624:Fire photography
1406:("Jaws of life")
1364:Fireman's switch
1087:
1080:
1073:
1064:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1043:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
999:. Archived from
993:
987:
986:
984:
983:
974:. Archived from
968:
962:
961:
956:. Archived from
950:
944:
943:
941:
940:
934:
928:. Archived from
927:
919:
913:
912:
910:
909:
903:
897:. Archived from
896:
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882:
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872:
866:. Archived from
865:
857:
851:
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840:
835:
829:
828:
826:
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811:
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800:
757:
534:Some texts list
410:Future prospects
332:federative units
211:
204:
200:
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191:
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162:
155:
133:special training
121:
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107:
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58:
34:
26:
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2430:
2429:
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2423:
2380:
2341:Posse comitatus
2314:Law enforcement
2299:Customs service
2235:
2206:Security police
2181:Regional police
2176:Railroad police
2161:Police tactical
2146:Military police
2106:Cantonal police
2077:
2064:
2059:
2029:
2024:
2001:
1989:
1956:
1931:
1910:
1867:
1826:
1727:Controlled burn
1714:
1708:
1678:
1619:Fire engine red
1597:
1588:Two-in, two-out
1543:Fireman's carry
1469:
1369:Flame retardant
1290:
1251:Fire motorcycle
1222:
1196:Fire department
1179:
1130:Station officer
1110:Battalion chief
1096:
1091:
1061:
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836:
832:
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821:
813:
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808:
801:
797:
792:
770:
761:Ordnungspolizei
755:
746:
734:
703:Crawford County
690:
681:
604:
580:
548:
461:
449:
433:
425:
412:
384:
364:
352:Military Police
298:
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234:Traffic control
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57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
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11:
5:
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2356:Security guard
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2346:Prison officer
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489:Massachusetts
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70:
67: –
66:
65:"Fire police"
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2440:Firefighters
2392:Border guard
2262:Border guard
2231:Water police
2216:State police
2135:
2018:
2006:
1994:
1982:
1970:
1879:Ancient Rome
1853:Hotshot crew
1838:Fire lookout
1737:Fire flapper
1528:Fire control
1493:Chimney fire
1379:Halligan bar
1354:Fire shelter
1339:Fire hydrant
1314:Fire blanket
1309:Escape chair
1286:Water tender
1213:Fire station
1144:
1140:Fire marshal
1120:Fire captain
1094:Firefighting
1052:
1041:
1030:
1016:
1005:. Retrieved
1001:the original
991:
980:. Retrieved
976:the original
966:
958:the original
948:
937:. Retrieved
930:the original
917:
906:. Retrieved
899:the original
886:
875:. Retrieved
868:the original
855:
844:
833:
822:. Retrieved
818:
809:
798:
779:Fire marshal
759:
749:
747:
735:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
691:
688:Pennsylvania
682:
672:
666:
661:
655:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
620:
612:
605:
597:
593:
581:
573:
557:
553:
549:
533:
513:Pennsylvania
462:
450:
447:Ancient Rome
434:
426:
413:
398:
396:
385:
365:
324:firefighting
305:
299:
282:
269:
261:
252:
244:
241:Scene safety
232:
224:
220:Pennsylvania
217:
202:
196:January 2013
193:
169:
128:
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2397:Coast guard
2371:Vigilantism
2366:Thief-taker
2304:Gendarmerie
2284:Coast guard
2196:Riot police
2156:Park police
2136:Fire police
1872:By location
1858:Smokejumper
1715:and tactics
1593:Ventilation
1533:Fire safety
1518:False alarm
1475:Terminology
1425:PASS device
1399:Hose bridge
1389:Hazmat suit
1324:Fire bucket
1304:Bunker gear
1246:Fire engine
1191:Drill tower
1145:Fire police
546:Connecticut
473:Connecticut
439:(CISF) and
388:New Zealand
382:New Zealand
330:inside the
129:Fire police
2434:Categories
2388:Templates:
2331:Parapolice
2279:City guard
1904:Washington
1899:California
1767:Fire trail
1713:Equipment
1553:Flash fire
1523:Fire class
1503:Deluge gun
1440:Rotary saw
1410:Kelly tool
1374:Fog nozzle
1218:Hose tower
1184:Facilities
1125:Fire chief
1007:2007-05-09
982:2007-05-09
939:2007-05-09
908:2007-05-09
877:2007-05-09
824:2022-08-17
790:References
569:Colchester
540:New Jersey
517:magistrate
493:New Jersey
471:including
441:Home Guard
312:Portuguese
76:newspapers
2289:Constable
2257:Bodyguard
1884:Australia
1831:Personnel
1792:Hose pack
1772:Firebreak
1752:Fire rake
1742:Fire hose
1732:Driptorch
1684:Wildfires
1614:Fire camp
1558:Flashover
1488:Barn fire
1483:Backdraft
1334:Fire hose
1296:Equipment
1228:Apparatus
699:Meadville
565:ambulance
529:constable
519:, judge,
392:constable
285:logistics
279:Logistics
184:talk page
2376:Watchman
1995:Glossary
1971:Category
1940:See also
1848:Helitack
1843:Handcrew
1573:Rollover
1548:Firewall
1256:Fireboat
1155:Handcrew
815:"L13675"
768:See also
602:New York
497:New York
485:Maryland
477:Delaware
178:You may
106:May 2007
2402:Customs
2361:Sheriff
2319:Officer
2252:Bailiff
2240:Related
2019:Outline
1983:Commons
1894:History
1807:Pulaski
1692:General
1430:The pig
744:Germany
732:Vietnam
521:sheriff
481:Florida
467:of the
453:Vigiles
137:traffic
90:scholar
2083:Police
1797:McLeod
1659:Muster
618:, NY.
616:Albany
561:Hebron
511:, and
465:states
370:, the
304:, the
302:Brazil
296:Brazil
151:Duties
145:police
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2412:Types
2007:Index
1915:Lists
1513:Draft
1455:Siren
1415:Nomex
1276:Quint
933:(PDF)
926:(PDF)
902:(PDF)
895:(PDF)
871:(PDF)
864:(PDF)
578:Maine
505:Maine
431:India
362:China
186:, or
97:JSTOR
83:books
2073:List
1201:list
756:lit.
509:Ohio
451:The
435:The
326:and
139:and
69:news
523:or
386:In
300:In
52:by
2436::
817:.
740:.
701:,
567:.
531:.
507:,
503:,
499:,
495:,
491:,
487:,
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479:,
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406:.
378:.
358:.
346::
322:,
314::
2054:e
2047:t
2040:v
1086:e
1079:t
1072:v
1024:.
1010:.
985:.
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911:.
880:.
827:.
754:(
559:(
310:(
209:)
203:(
198:)
194:(
176:.
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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