1078:. Firearms officers are authorized to fire upon a suspect if they pose an "immediate threat to life", such as if an armed offender brandished a firearm at a member of the public or police officer. They may also fire if an offender is clearly in possession of a firearm, or is suspected to be carrying one. In all situations, a clear oral warning must be given of the officer's intention to use firearms, unless in a particular situation where it would be pointless or place life at risk. Firearms officers are also authorized to use their firearms for the humane destruction of animals, if the latter pose a significant threat. Firearms officers are not required to give an oral warning if they are approaching someone who is believed to be intent on committing a suicide bombing. All officers are trained to fire once at the
496:, and after much press coverage debating whether the service should be routinely armed, the commissioner applied to the Home Secretary for authorisation to allow officers on the outer districts to carry a revolver if they wished to at night. A revolver could only be issued if, in the opinion of the senior officer, the officer could be trusted to use it safely and with discretion. From then on, all officers who felt the need to be armed, could be so. The practice lasted until 1936, although the vast majority of the system was phased out by the end of the 19th century.
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their use attached to the front of it. The key to the box was held by a senior officer, whose permission had to be sought before the box could be opened. Rules of their use dictated that if the revolvers were to be issued, the names of the officers who they were allocated to be recorded, and they be checked of their condition and loaded by the
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Such units are normally only called upon when firearms incidents are of such a nature, that they require specialist intervention whereas the firearms units within the United
Kingdom respond to all firearms related incidents, as UK police (with the exception of Northern Ireland) are not routinely armed. The
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1016:, are required to attend an eight-week training course at the National Police Firearms Training Centre. The main role of an SFO is to intervene in situations that are beyond the control of AFOs, such as building sieges involving a hostage situation. Potential SFOs are extensively trained in the use of
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in which firearms are routinely carried by officers. These units are provided with increased firepower, more equipment and training than regular officers. Foreign firearms units are not intended to deal with routine firearms incidents, as they are attended to by officers who routinely carry firearms.
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to deploy SFOs, ARV officers would organise an inner and outer cordon. The inner being made up of armed officers, and the outer of unarmed to prevent members of the public gaining entry and prevent traffic entering the affected area. Efforts would be made to evacuate people in the immediate vicinity
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are qualified as an AFO, with extra training within a specific area, such as specialist weapons, Close
Protection, Tactical Medicine, Tactics Advice, Advanced Police Driving or Police Firearms Instruction, and are commonly the firearms officers to assault a building in a hostage situation. SFO's no
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would be dispatched. The AFOs first on scene would attempt to contain an armed subject if they are inside a building, whereas if they were in the open where an immediate threat is posed a quicker solution would be sought. If a subject is inside a building which is barricaded, AFOs would most likely
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Metropolitan Police firearms officers usually patrol on-foot more often than those outside London, due to the large geographic area the
Metropolitan Police are responsible for and the number of sensitive government buildings in need of armed security. They can also be found at major demonstrations,
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contingency plans are activated, an armed officer may shoot at the target's head, to kill, as a standard incapacitating shot risks detonating a bomb attached to the person. In all situations, the officer is to make the decision when to shoot. However, they are accountable in court and are asked to
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the issue of firearms to stations was standardised with; ten pistols with 320 rounds of ammunition issued to divisional stations, six pistols with 192 rounds per sub-divisional station, and three pistols with 96 rounds to each section station. The firearms were kept in a locked box, with rules of
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requiring licensing and background checks to legally acquire and possess most types of firearms. In the majority of cases, the presence of an armed officer can often be enough to negotiate the surrender of an armed criminal and the number of times a police firearm is deliberately discharged at
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had a small number of "authorised shots" (as they were then called). trained in the use of firearms. Until needed, the "authorised shots" carried out routine policing duties. After the formation of firearms units, all trained officers in each force were brought together under one unit, with a
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The
Metropolitan Police firearms unit has had a series of name changes, due to continuous changes in departmental units. When first formed in 1966, it was named D6, before being changed to D11. After that it was changed to PT17 under Personnel and Training, when the
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around their country to respond to firearms incidents. However, New
Zealand police officers whilst still not carrying firearms are now being provided with ready access and training that is diminishing the role of the Squads. Examples of tactical units include
610:. The difficulty of this authorisation was realised, as desired officers were not always available. The decision to draw firearms from the secure cabinet in the rear of the ARV now rests upon the individual judgement of the firearms officer, with personal
488:(or "house breaking" as it was then called) was a common problem for police. "House breakers" often carried firearms, due to the law of the day permitting members of the public to own firearms. After a series of fatal shootings of officers on the outer
572:, concealing the weapon until drawn. The rule was revised when armed police officers began to carry firearms other than pistols, the size of which meant they could not be concealed. The first instance of this was when armed airport officers of the
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requires further training and authorisation. Semi-automatic carbines are stored in a locked armoury which is situated in the boot of an Armed
Response Vehicle. Equipping of semi-automatic carbines rests on a judgment of the AFO.
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consisted of firing six shots, to pass, it was required that three shots be on target. Loading, unloading and safe handling of the weapon was not usually taught. During the same period, the police had an increased number of
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and an observer who is responsible for scene assessment and liaison with other services. ARVs outside of the capital are crewed by two officers, with the observer assuming the role of navigator. Some forces have reserved a
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If negotiations deteriorate to a point where hostages are placed at risk of immediate death or injury, an assault by SFOs may be authorised. In a minority of cases, the police may hand over responsibility to the
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are elite officers based in several areas of the UK, where terrorist attacks are most likely. Trained in explosive method of entry (EMOE) and tactical insertions from helicopters to name a few new tactics they
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so that they are not at risk of stray gunfire, or confine them to their homes for their own safety. A control room would be established where emergency services can liaise and plan the operation, along with a
695:. The "baton gun" is authorised for use in situations where an offender needs to be incapacitated, without resorting to the use of conventional firearms. Armed officers also have access to the discriminating
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joining the ranks, and their previous knowledge was treated to suffice leading to them being issued with firearms without police training, in an emergency. An example of this, was when the police mounted a
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Firearms units maintain a number of tactical advisors to aid senior officers in decision making during major incidents, and to provide a planning capability for planned firearms operations and
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option. Tasers are authorised for use in situations where an offender needs to be incapacitated, but without resorting to the use of conventional firearms. Tasers are authorised for use by
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and the other to communicate solely with other firearms officers on the same duties. The radios are specially adapted so that the officer is not forced to release the grip on the firearm.
657:, "authorised shots" were not completely phased out after the creation of AFO and SFO. Within London, sieges involving a terrorist objective or required specialist entry was dealt with by
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in the early 1990s, to provide them with the capability to respond to firearms incidents. ARVs constantly patrol a geographical area, reducing deployment time. Most forces have purchased
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assault the building as long as it does not require specialist entry or the motive of the subject is terrorist affiliated. If the building required specialist entry or a terrorist gain,
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only allows "the use of force which is no more than absolutely necessary". Firearms officers may therefore only discharge their weapons "to stop an imminent threat to life".
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United
Kingdom law allows the use of "reasonable force" in order to make an arrest or prevent a crime or to defend one's self. However, if the force used is fatal, then the
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1568:). Furthermore, the Road Transport Policing Command, Specialist Protection, Counter Terrorism Command and Surveillance unit all have firearms officers in their ranks.
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are made allowing the hostage takers to issue demands, which are usually done to acquire time and avoid harm to the hostages. The negotiations would be attended by a
766:. In certain smaller forces, the firearms unit is headed by a superintendent, four chief inspectors, two inspectors, four sergeants, with forty to fifty constables.
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being carried on each member as a matter of routine. For planned operations, a designated senior officer can authorise the deployment of carbines. Intervention from
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Principal protection officers (PPO) are the officers in charge of protection teams. These protection officers were made better known by the BBC television series
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for officers, rather than the previous light blue. In most services, AFOs wear a black polo style shirt with standard black trousers. AFOs and SFOs often wear a
450:, firearms were issued to any officer who had previous experience of their use, such as officers that attended shooting clubs or ex-members of the armed forces.
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are specialist police marksmen used during operational deployments such as at the 2012 Olympic games or during situational deployments such as during a siege.
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have authority to carry a personal issue handgun as a matter of routine, and may carry it whilst off duty. In all forces, usage of other weapons such as
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to assess the hostage takers state of mind, such as whether they have been forced into the situation through avoiding arrest or have a wider objective.
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Following an assault firearms officers have made the premises safe, by clearing it out of offenders and making both police and offenders weapons safe.
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will forensically seal both police and other weapons for examination to discover if either have been discharged, and to be used as evidence in court.
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dictated that the role of the police would still be to maintain law and order, even in times of emergency. However, despite the police not being a
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AFOs may only carry firearms when authorized by an "appropriate authorising officer". The appropriate authorizing officer must be of the rank of
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were kept in secret depots around the United
Kingdom, with the locations known by senior officers, so each force had access to them if required.
299:, with a further two years in a core policing role for some forces. Firearms unit is the most common name outside of the capital, while that of
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community but has since expanded to investigate all shootings. FIU also works to identify criminals who are known to have access to firearms.
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officers are routinely armed as they are responsible for guarding government buildings classed as "high risk", such as foreign embassies,
870:. ARVs in most forces are identified by a circular yellow sticker on the body of the vehicle, and some have "ARV" printed on the vehicle.
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or on purpose). As with all use of force in
England and Wales, the onus is on the individual officer to justify their actions in court.
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The new 'standard' vehicle for ARV use, as of 2012, favored by most forces and soon to be adopted by the MET police is the BMW X5.
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in order to incapacitate a threat, then to re-assess the situation and the threat posed to justify any further shots. However, if
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are unarmed; however, all have firearms units to provide the police force with the capability to deal with armed criminals. A
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believed to involve firearms, and the arrest of armed, dangerous or barricaded criminals in official raids and operations.
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for use in exceptional circumstances. As time progressed, the flintlocks were decommissioned, being superseded by early
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designation was introduced it was changed to SO19. Upon "SO" being phased out in 2005, its designation was replaced by
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Before the 1970s, rules regarding operational use of firearms dictated that they were to be worn in a holster on the
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Before a major reconstruction of the rules regarding operational use of firearms, high-ranking officers such as
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has decided that he will double the number of armed officers and promised a 'significant' further announcement.
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and undergoing various interviews, they are invited to attend the
National Police Firearms Training Centre at
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ACPO policy states that "use" of a firearm includes both pointing it at a person and discharging it (whether
1233:"Cover officer" - responsible for protecting the other members of the team as they carry out their functions.
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on gun crime, or certain parts of the community it may affect. Possibly one of the most notable FIUs is the
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In the preliminary stages of a siege or hostage situation, an observation point is allocated and assigned a
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projectile, which is designed to deliver a cloud of irritant in the direction of an aggressive offender.
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503:. The number of revolvers stored at the station depended on its size, and geographical location. In the
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Only three services in the United Kingdom routinely arm officers due to the nature of their work; the
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905:, armed officers would be assigned to the airport to assist in security. The Metropolitan Police's
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539:. It was decided that to be successful in this role, the police needed to be issued firearms. The
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997:. This is followed by training on the legal regulations regarding the police use of firearms and
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834:. Instead of creating both an ARV and an RPU, certain forces have merged them together creating "
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661:. Whereas, all other siege situations involving an armed, barricaded criminal were dealt with by
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to accommodate the weapon, leading to them being concealed in the uniform tunic or tucked in the
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of potential threats such as a major evacuation or terrorist attack, and training in the use of
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had a similar policy to the UK of no routine carriage of firearms by officers and established
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1622:: Firearms Operations Unit - encompassing both the ARV Team, and the Tactical Firearms Team.
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of the trouser. In the years following the Second World War, training for the standard-issue
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are trained in the use of the standard-issue firearms of his or her police force as well as
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734:. Following a 12-month trial period in 2004, tasers became authorised on a full-time basis.
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In some forces major crime or specialist operational units have firearms capacities. The
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972:, Kent. At the centre, the potential AFOs undergo one week of intensive training on the
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can apply to join the firearms unit, they are required to have completed their two-year
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2178:, Section 117 or Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989, Article 88
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665:"divisional riflemen", supervised by a senior officer doubling as instructor from D11.
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838:" which carry out normal road policing duties, until required for firearms incidents.
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protection. The main responsibilities of firearms units in the UK are the response to
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it was decided to significantly increase the numbers of armed officers in London. The
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2338:"Metropolitan Police Service - Central Operations, Specialist Firearms unit (CO19)"
1973:"Metropolitan Police Service - Central Operations, Specialist Firearms unit (CO19)"
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force, in the event of war they were to have an offensive capability assisting the
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Since 2005, the police have been equipped and authorised to employ the use of the
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like that of an unarmed officer, AFOs carry two, with one being for the service
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The structure of police assault teams vary, but the most commonly deployed are:
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suspects in the UK rarely exceeds around three occasions per year. For example,
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cannot apply to join the firearms unit without first finishing their two-year
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specialist - responsible for opening barricaded doors, usually armed with a
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2312:"Firearms Unit - Operations Department - Devon & Cornwall Constabulary"
730:, along with other units who are not routinely armed such as public order
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has been a slow and controversial process, usually due to resistance from
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structured training programme headed by senior officers. The concept of
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The usage of firearms by the police is covered by statute (such as the
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would attempt to assault the building. Pending authorisation from the
1047:, safe handling of hostages and rescue techniques, computer simulated
866:
for ARVs, such as "trojan" to make them easier to identify when using
461:. The officers of the 'new police' were unarmed to counter fears of a
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Firearms issued to the police are adapted so that they can only fire
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regarding firearms and adverse reactions from the public. During the
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in certain areas, 'Standing Authority' is granted to carry personal
397:, firearms were only carried on protection duties, such as guarding
326:
The number of firearms legally available to criminals is low due to
83:
409:. However, the police were supplied with many firearms such as the
2190:, Section 3 or Criminal Law Act (Northern Ireland) 1967, Section 3
1281:
Code of Practice on Police use of Firearms and Less Lethal Weapons
1236:"Prisoner reception officer" - responsible for handling prisoners.
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During the late 19th century, revolvers were issued to divisional
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who would oversee events from the on-scene control room, and the
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316:
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1610:: Matrix: Armed Policing, based at the Matrix OCC in Liverpool.
1604:: Strategic Firearms Unit, with ARVs deployed in all divisions.
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over the civil police's role if there were to be another war,
154:
59:
18:
1840:
1070:, making sure that the rules outlined are compliant with the
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1364:, which initially only investigated gun crime involving the
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were not introduced until 1991, being first transitioned in
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fired into the property, to concuss and soften resistance.
1031:
skills. Potential SFOs are also trained in safe entry into
2390:"Hundreds more armed police to join London's terror fight"
1556:: Specialist Firearms Command (known as SCO19, after the
1395:
longer exist in London being instead replaced by CTSFO's.
1062:
The guidelines regarding operational use of firearms and
457:
was formed on 29 September 1829, with the passing of the
1443:' independence in deciding equipment for their service.
1131:
being received about an incident involving firearms, an
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receive enhanced training in dynamic entry tactics, for
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has only fired at a suspect once in its entire history.
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Specialist police firearm units are present in foreign
1217:(as well as a firearm) to engage any unarmed offenders.
1161:
being a senior officer overseeing events from a nearby
1001:, a further six weeks of training is focused solely on
87:
1305:, nuclear sites, on Protection Duties and deployed in
1388:. AFOs form the majority of police firearms officers.
1797:"Underzone - Police specialists - Firearms officers"
1511:
During the early 1990s, most services adopted white
1841:"Welcome to the Police Service of Northern Ireland"
1773:
Armed Police, The Police Use of Firearms since 1945
1173:who would be as close to the incident as possible.
367:
then Commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police
185:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1592:: Firearms Support Unit, based at Follingsby Park.
1435:in service vary between forces, due to individual
2373:"By the book: how force trains its firearms unit"
1009:methods and safely executing controlled crashes.
2024:Metropolitan Police Service – Central Operations
1962:Manual of Guidance on the Police Use of Firearms
1012:Authorized Firearms Officers applying to become
742:Firearms units in large forces are headed by a
1999:"Metropolitan Police Service - Driving School"
1725:"Tayside Police - Specialist Units - Firearms"
1399:Counter terrorist specialist firearms officers
812:area cars, adapted for specialist duty usage.
2427:
1888:Met Police To Double Armed Officers On Patrol
8:
2291:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2269:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2247:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2225:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2203:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2156:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2134:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2112:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
2090:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
1678:Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom
1288:Manual of Guidance on Police Use of Firearms
1264:Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom
92:introducing citations to additional sources
1698:"Metropolitan Police Force's Firearms Unit"
1664:has tactical units referred to commonly as
377:Organisation, history, training and tactics
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2516:Types of police unit of the United Kingdom
2434:
2420:
2412:
2369:—Metropolitan Police Force's Firearms Unit
2314:. Devon-cornwall.police.uk. Archived from
1940:. Police.homeoffice.gov.uk. Archived from
1914:. Police.homeoffice.gov.uk. Archived from
1766:
1005:, with an emphasis on driving techniques,
907:Aviation Security Operational Command Unit
419:anti-invasion preparations of World War II
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1239:A team leader and a police dog may enter.
822:, solely responsible for maintaining the
574:Metropolitan Police Aviation Security OCU
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245:Learn how and when to remove this message
1912:"Less lethal options | Home Office"
1473:. Instead of wearing the standard-issue
1210:to cover the team from being fired upon.
82:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2460:Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
1689:
2073:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2066:
1481:which affords greater protection from
677:. The firearms unit's present name is
576:were issued with the newly sanctioned
2176:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
1723:Tayside Police Web Development Unit.
1574:: Training and Tactical Firearms Unit
1348:Certain police forces that have high
1270:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
1076:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
853:. Each AFO has a specified task - an
7:
1700:. Global-defence.com. Archived from
1542:Alternative names for firearms units
1155:Gold Silver Bronze command structure
1153:nearby. The police would employ the
1068:Association of Chief Police Officers
1039:. Training also includes the use of
874:and large social events such as the
681:, with its designation being SCO19.
608:Association of Chief Police Officers
515:In 1948, concerns were aired by the
512:when the officers paraded for duty.
183:adding citations to reliable sources
1727:. Tayside.police.uk. Archived from
1352:rates have set up an FIU to gather
1327:European Convention of Human Rights
1258:Legal status of the use of firearms
1243:Such an assault may be preceded by
1072:European Convention of Human Rights
289:police forces of the United Kingdom
1666:Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT)
1315:Police Service of Northern Ireland
361:On 13 January 2016, following the
356:Police Service of Northern Ireland
315:, it is sometimes compared to the
14:
1822:Ministry of Defence Police – Home
1362:Operation Trident & Trafalgar
405:and locations at risk from enemy
34:This article has multiple issues.
1775:. England: Sutton. p. 224.
796:. ARVs were introduced into the
618:requires authorisation from the
476:authorisation to purchase fifty
159:
75:relies largely or entirely on a
64:
23:
2340:. Met.police.uk. Archived from
2001:. Met.police.uk. Archived from
1975:. Met.police.uk. Archived from
1884:White, Mark (13 January 2016).
1548:Devon and Cornwall Constabulary
311:, Trojan, or SCO19. Within the
170:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1564:Internally, previously within
1206:"Shield officer" - carrying a
901:geographical area includes an
788:Each police force operates an
626:of the force can deploy them.
1:
1651:Garda Emergency Response Unit
1627:Firearms units outside the UK
1500:would be more likely to wear
1213:"Baton officer" - carrying a
944:used operationally to tackle
804:for ARV duties, although the
693:attenuating energy projectile
523:or the newly posed threat of
328:the United Kingdom's gun laws
279:is an armed unit within each
1863:"Civil Nuclear Constabulary"
1771:Waldren, Michael J. (2007).
1508:including "belt order" kit.
1392:Specialist firearms officers
1378:Authorised firearms officers
1142:specialist firearms officers
1014:specialist firearms officers
942:specialist firearms officers
851:authorised firearms officers
794:authorised firearms officers
779:Specialist firearms officers
762:, with up to fifty to sixty
728:specialist firearms officers
616:specialist firearms officers
465:organisation. Despite this,
1865:. Cnc.police.uk. 1 May 2009
1554:Metropolitan Police Service
1301:or higher. When working at
1105:Metropolitan police officer
1087:justify their actions in a
964:. After being screened for
934:Metropolitan Police Service
880:Diplomatic Protection Group
806:Metropolitan Police Service
679:Specialist Firearms Command
635:specialist firearms officer
631:authorised firearms officer
363:November 2015 Paris attacks
309:Specialist Firearms Command
305:Metropolitan Police Service
16:Armed police unit in the UK
2532:
1938:"Taser | Home Office"
1485:. Instead of carrying one
1428:List of UK police firearms
1425:
1344:Firearms intelligence unit
1261:
706:announced plans to supply
348:Civil Nuclear Constabulary
340:Ministry of Defence Police
2470:Forward Intelligence Team
2450:
1596:Greater Manchester Police
1580:: Tactical Firearms Group
1452:telescopic or rigid baton
1450:carry the standard-issue
1372:Types of firearms officer
1245:"ferret" CS gas canisters
988:Heckler & Koch L104A1
686:Heckler & Koch L104A1
547:, along with a number of
287:. For the most part, the
2442:Specialist units of the
2199:Common Law, as cited in
1827:12 February 2006 at the
1633:Law enforcement agencies
1616:: Firearms Support Group
1598:: Tactical Firearms Unit
1502:fire retardant coveralls
1252:Scenes of Crime Officers
948:groups and armed gangs.
598:to draw weapons from an
478:flintlock pocket pistols
281:territorial police force
1477:, AFOs and SFOs wear a
1406:Tactical rifle officers
1386:Armed Response Vehicles
1319:semi-automatic carbines
1307:Armed Response Vehicles
1276:), policy (such as the
911:London Heathrow Airport
847:Armed Response Vehicles
644:Armed Response Vehicles
629:Before the creation of
459:Metropolitan Police Act
448:Shepherd's Bush murders
358:due to the IRA threat.
2407:Defunct SO19 in action
2402:Police use of Firearms
2385:Armed Response Vehicle
1658:Police Tactical Groups
1642:Armed Offenders Squads
1614:South Yorkshire Police
1586:: Armed Response Group
1433:Firearms and equipment
1422:Firearms and equipment
1186:psychological profiler
1133:Armed Response Vehicle
1124:
1111:guards an entrance to
984:semi automatic carbine
981:Heckler & Koch MP5
940:, which is a group of
790:Armed Response Vehicle
702:During July 2007, the
600:Armed Response Vehicle
581:semi-automatic carbine
578:Heckler & Koch MP5
387:Police use of firearms
371:Sir Bernard Hogan-Howe
2444:United Kingdom police
2298:13 April 2008 at the
2276:13 April 2008 at the
2254:13 April 2008 at the
2232:13 April 2008 at the
2210:13 April 2008 at the
2188:Criminal Law Act 1967
2163:13 April 2008 at the
2141:13 April 2008 at the
2119:13 April 2008 at the
2097:13 April 2008 at the
2029:12 March 2008 at the
1578:City of London Police
1446:Despite being armed,
1313:. All members of the
1274:Human Rights Act 1998
1102:
671:Specialist Operations
2344:on 15 September 2008
1620:West Midlands Police
1550:: Tactical Aid Group
1382:battlefield medicine
1066:are dictated by the
925:are responsible for
917:are responsible for
849:are crewed by three
818:Many forces operate
744:chief superintendent
732:Police Support Units
554:. These, along with
545:Sten submachine guns
484:. During the 1880s,
354:facilities, and the
350:which polices civil
333:Thames Valley Police
179:improve this article
88:improve this article
2480:Police Support Unit
2005:on 16 December 2008
1358:Metropolitan Police
1064:rules of engagement
1053:protective clothing
1018:specialist firearms
999:rules of engagement
962:probationary period
843:Metropolitan Police
820:Road Policing Units
712:England & Wales
655:Metropolitan Police
541:Ministry of Defence
505:Metropolitan Police
455:Metropolitan Police
411:Canadian Ross Rifle
297:probationary period
2485:Road Policing Unit
2455:Basic Command Unit
2055:on 5 November 2008
1638:New Zealand Police
1590:Northumbria Police
1463:incapacitant spray
1437:police authorities
1125:
1007:high speed pursuit
966:security clearance
792:system, crewed by
675:Central Operations
637:roles, each large
556:Webley & Scott
552:bolt-action rifles
444:large-scale search
431:Webley & Scott
2503:
2502:
2398:newspaper article
2381:newspaper article
1782:978-0-7509-4637-7
1608:Merseyside Police
892:Buckingham Palace
808:employs standard
691:, which fires an
596:firearms officers
403:Buckingham Palace
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2015:
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1989:
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1979:on 15 April 2009
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1843:. Psni.police.uk
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1799:. Archived from
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1731:on 29 March 2008
1720:
1714:
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1694:
1584:Wiltshire Police
1529:custodian helmet
1523:, rather than a
1521:ballistic helmet
1208:ballistic shield
1171:Bronze Commander
1167:Silver Commander
1107:attached to the
1084:Operation Kratos
927:Stansted Airport
876:Chinese New Year
841:Within London's
752:chief inspectors
653:Within London's
594:could authorise
588:chief inspectors
510:section sergeant
395:Second World War
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2043:"Archived copy"
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1024:techniques and
1022:method of entry
954:
946:organised crime
919:Gatwick Airport
864:radio call sign
855:advanced driver
775:emergency calls
740:
624:chief constable
592:superintendents
549:Lee–Enfield No4
501:police stations
470:Sir Robert Peel
417:as part of the
391:senior officers
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1197:Special Forces
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1159:Gold Commander
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1129:emergency call
1121:Prime Minister
1119:, home of the
1113:Downing Street
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958:police officer
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884:Downing Street
798:British police
783:hostage rescue
748:superintendent
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639:police station
604:senior officer
525:nuclear attack
467:Home Secretary
446:following the
399:Downing Street
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342:which polices
307:is called the
293:police officer
285:United Kingdom
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2378:The Guardian
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2346:. Retrieved
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1805:. Retrieved
1801:the original
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1706:. Retrieved
1702:the original
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1513:dress shirts
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1194:British Army
1190:
1182:Negotiations
1175:
1126:
1089:court of law
1080:central mass
1061:
1011:
955:
938:flying squad
931:
923:Essex Police
896:
872:
840:
836:Traffic ARVs
835:
828:UK motorways
824:traffic flow
817:
814:
787:
768:
741:
738:Organisation
701:
683:
667:
652:
628:
585:
567:
537:Armed Forces
514:
498:
474:commissioner
463:paramilitary
452:
385:
360:
337:
325:
276:
274:
259:
241:
232:
222:
215:
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201:
189:
177:Please help
172:verification
169:
141:
131:
124:
117:
110:
98:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
2475:Fraud squad
2395:Independent
1807:20 February
1572:Kent Police
1338:negligently
1278:Home Office
1146:Home Office
1049:'war games'
1029:'fast rope'
888:Westminster
720:Less-lethal
704:Home Office
689:"baton gun"
622:before the
620:Home Office
517:Home Office
415:P14 Enfield
2494:Met Police
2059:15 January
1896:13 January
1892:. Sky News
1684:References
1655:Australian
1525:peaked cap
1467:Speedcuffs
1292:common law
1135:crewed by
1037:watercraft
802:Volvo V70s
764:constables
756:inspectors
724:Authorised
563:ammunition
529:government
494:Metropolis
235:March 2019
205:newspapers
144:March 2019
114:newspapers
39:improve it
1494:frequency
1483:gun shots
1475:stab vest
1471:duty belt
1414:Bodyguard
1350:gun crime
1299:inspector
1225:Remington
1157:, with a
1026:abseiling
991:baton gun
970:Gravesend
956:Before a
859:navigator
760:sergeants
612:side arms
570:duty belt
559:revolvers
533:combatant
490:divisions
482:revolvers
472:gave the
427:waistline
84:talk page
45:talk page
2510:Category
2296:Archived
2274:Archived
2252:Archived
2230:Archived
2208:Archived
2161:Archived
2139:Archived
2117:Archived
2095:Archived
2069:cite web
2027:Archived
1825:Archived
1672:See also
1311:sidearms
1303:airports
1283:and the
1178:marksman
1127:Upon an
1074:and the
1059:attack.
1055:against
1041:tear gas
995:X2 Taser
993:and the
974:Glock 17
952:Training
936:has the
909:polices
758:and six
754:, three
697:irritant
521:invasion
486:burglary
434:revolver
407:sabotage
2249:, 5.6.1
2227:, 2.3.7
2205:, 2.3.4
2158:, 3.8.5
2114:, 3.6.6
2092:, 3.2.1
1668:units.
1647:Ireland
1506:webbing
1469:on the
1228:shotgun
1095:Tactics
903:airport
832:A roads
750:, four
663:borough
606:of the
543:loaned
492:of the
423:holster
382:History
352:nuclear
283:in the
219:scholar
128:scholar
1779:
1660:. The
1560:, now
1519:style
1465:, and
1439:' and
1290:) and
1165:, the
1117:London
977:pistol
921:, and
868:radios
716:tasers
648:London
527:. The
301:London
221:
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116:
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101:
2348:7 May
2322:7 May
2271:3.2.4
2136:, 3.8
2053:(PDF)
2046:(PDF)
2009:7 May
1983:7 May
1948:7 May
1922:7 May
1869:7 May
1847:7 May
1735:7 May
1708:7 May
1517:PASGT
1504:with
1490:radio
1487:TETRA
1366:black
1215:baton
897:If a
718:as a
714:with
313:media
226:JSTOR
212:books
135:JSTOR
121:books
2350:2009
2324:2009
2075:link
2061:2009
2011:2009
1985:2009
1950:2009
1924:2009
1898:2016
1871:2009
1849:2009
1809:2008
1777:ISBN
1737:2009
1710:2009
1653:and
1562:MO19
1498:SFOs
1460:PAVA
1448:AFOs
1402:use.
1285:ACPO
1272:and
1137:AFOs
1057:CBRN
1043:and
1035:and
1003:ARVs
890:and
857:, a
830:and
726:and
633:and
561:and
453:The
413:and
317:SWAT
198:news
107:news
1649:'s
1527:or
1360:'s
1109:DPG
1033:air
826:on
810:BMW
771:VIP
710:in
659:D11
590:or
344:MOD
303:'s
181:by
90:by
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2071:}}
2067:{{
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1531:.
1456:CS
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