1793:
4254:
3056:(or siege machines of an unspecified type) that began to fire into the city from towers built by the besiegers. The same chronicle states that the troops of NĂșñez de Lara and those of Alonso PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn had enveloped the town so effectively that the Muslim defenders were powerless to resist their attackers, being forced to surrender the city rather after an extended and gallant defence. GuzmĂĄn and Lara allowed for some 1,125 Muslim inhabitants of the city to leave unharmed.
2975:
1390:
5408:
3905:
1726:
5432:
2626:
5444:
5420:
3121:
returned with his army to
Algeciras, where the Castilian forces, being unable to take the great fortress town, were obliged to retreat. This ended their campaign against Granada, at great cost to Castile that was only mitigated by its success at Gibraltar and the cession of the border towns of Quesada, Quadros, Belmar and a payment of 5,000 golden pistoles.
2640:
3167:
could refuge in the city and be free of any prosecution from the law, including the penalty of death (although this provision did not extend to traitors to the crown). Further, he decreed that no duty could be imposed on any goods passing in and out of the city but the number of disreputable people
3120:
After the conquest of
Gibraltar, Ferdinand IV ordered the repair of the city defences which had been damaged during the assault. He also ordered the construction of a new tower to defend the city walls. He further ordered the building of a shipyard that would serve to shelter passing ships. He then
3132:
In the year 709 (beginning June, a.d. 1309), the King of
Castile, Herando (Ferdinand IV.), laid siege to Algeciras. He remained before that city from the 21st day of Safar to the end of Shaban, when, desparing of reducing that place, he raised the siege, though not without making himself master of
2776:
by 24 June 1309 which was also when a previous peace treaty between
Granada and Castile was set to expire. It was further agreed that the Aragonese monarch, James II, could not sign a separate peace accord with the Emir of Granada. A combined Aragonese-Castilian navy was also formed to support the
3059:
On 12 September 1309, Ferdinand IV's army officially occupied
Gibraltar. According to the Castilian king's chronicle, when Ferdinand IV entered the city, one local Muslim elder told him that he had been present at three previous cities where Christian forces had expelled him. First at the city of
3287:
61:
2813:
which would stay as part of
Castile, having all previously been part of the Kingdom of Castile and LeĂłn prior to their Muslim takeovers. Ferdinand IV further stipulated that if the lands taken from the Kingdom of AlmerĂa did not amount to one sixth of Granadan territory, that the
3442:
3147:
found himself almost immediately under attack from his vassals who were angry of his concessions to
Ferdinand IV. Upon the discovery of an attempt on his life, Muhammed III travelled back to Granada where the populace was up in arms and his brother,
3168:
residing in the city significantly dampened repopulation efforts. In
February and March 1310, Ferdinand IV rewarded the town of Seville whose militias had been instrumental in the victory at Gibraltar, offering its people various privileges.
2792:
Ferdinand IV promised to cede one sixth of the conquered
Granadan territory to the Aragonese crown and therefore chose the entirety of the Kingdom of Almeria as its limits for the agreement with the exception of the towns of
2830:
The concessions to Aragon, which had begun a period of relative irrelevancy compared to
Castile, would once again restore the kingdom's power within the Iberian Peninsula. Aragon had previously reached its height under the
3747:
3669:
3640:
3463:
3316:
3224:
1609:
2998:
to complete their remaining objective of capturing Gibraltar, whilst keeping the larger portion of his forces encamped around Algeciras. The force sent to besiege and capture Gibraltar was put under the command of
2727:
The battle resulted in a victory for the Crown of Castile, one of the few victories in what turned out to be a disastrous campaign. The taking of Gibraltar greatly increased the relative power of Castile on the
2895:
of 1309, the first courts to ever occur in the actual Spanish capital, Ferdinand IV publicly announced his desire to wage war against the Emirate of Granada and demanded subsidies to begin battle manoeuvres.
2818:
would step in to resolve any differences related to the matter. These concessions to the Crown of Aragon led a few of Ferdinand IV's vassals to protest the ratification of the treaty, amongst them were
4628:
3579:
3547:
4701:
3155:
Ferdinand IV appointed one of the besieging officers, Alfonzo Fernando de Mendoza, to the post of governor of the newly captured city. By 1310, Ferdinand IV issued edicts initiating a
1829:
3152:
had installed himself on the throne. Muhammed III was made to watch his minister be slaughtered and his palace plundered. He abdicated in favour of his brother shortly afterwards.
3825:
3741:
3663:
3634:
3457:
3310:
3218:
4364:
2377:
845:
4177:
1602:
207:
5527:
4706:
2943:
which officially conceded to Ferdinand IV one 10th of all clergy taxes collected in his kingdoms for three years to aid in financing the campaign against Granada.
4882:
4447:
1754:
3893:
5282:
3042:
by 15 August 1309. That ill-fated venture lasted until 26 January 1310 when the forces of Aragon were obliged to withdraw from the campaign due to stalemate.
4342:
4164:
1287:
1282:
2820:
2187:
2171:
156:
4075:
2672:
655:
4574:
1696:
2839:
which saw its territory and influence expand considerably. Ferdinand insisted on the Aragonese alliance to cement an alliance between Aragon and the
5134:
4937:
2433:
1857:
2540:
2248:
5360:
5336:
4679:
3403:
3347:
2527:
2464:
3871:
3495:
4694:
4689:
3088:
Señor, que oviste conmigo en me echar de aquĂ; ca tu visabuelo el rey D. Fernando quando tomĂł a Sevilla me echĂł dende Ă© vine a morar ĂĄ Xerez,
3012:
2917:
2303:
1662:
1623:
376:
200:
4295:
3094:
salvo, vino el rey D. Sancho, tu padre, Ă© tomĂł a Tarifa Ă© hechome dende, Ă© vine a morar aquĂ ĂĄ Gibraltar, Ă© teniendo que en ningĂșn lugar non
4114:
2815:
2002:
1716:
371:
2504:
5463:
5507:
5331:
5311:
5159:
5065:
4672:
4192:
4187:
4182:
2550:
2393:
1690:
2862:
1176:
1049:
5537:
5517:
5255:
5164:
4850:
4475:
4369:
2351:
1747:
815:
543:
5512:
5341:
5169:
5037:
4545:
4540:
4317:
3886:
3862:
3814:
3793:
3724:
3614:
3436:
3378:
3091:é después el rey D. Alfonso, tu abuelo, quando tomó a Xerez hechome dende é yo vine å morar a Tarifa, é cuydando que estaba en lugar
2761:
1672:
1628:
2129:
2034:
1059:
905:
685:
5547:
5299:
5219:
5141:
4290:
2955:
193:
3848:(in Spanish and Latin) (Individuo de Numero de la Real Agademia de la Historia ed.). Madrid: Imprenta de F. Maroto Ă© Hijos.
3097:
estarĂa tan en salvo en toda la tierra de los moros de aquende la mar como aquĂ. Ă pues veo que en ningĂșn lugar destos non-puedo
1792:
5448:
5316:
5265:
4917:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
3197:
3144:
2777:
siege in a blockade of the coastal Granadian towns. It was also stipulated that the Crown of Castile would attack the towns of
2717:
2511:
2343:
1074:
615:
161:
1029:
294:
5294:
5154:
4899:
4872:
4239:
4068:
2824:
2665:
1352:
1009:
304:
3602:
3279:
1633:
381:
5272:
5260:
4335:
4197:
4154:
4037:
2409:
2164:
2042:
1740:
1556:
1536:
1369:
1126:
937:
650:
349:
391:
5522:
5277:
5179:
5032:
4988:
4807:
4623:
4569:
4330:
3879:
2097:
2081:
1937:
1441:
1206:
1131:
538:
3192:
3004:
2909:
2706:
957:
144:
5346:
5224:
4877:
4834:
4590:
4118:
3909:
3494:(Individuo de Numero de la Real Agademia de la Historia ed.). Madrid: Imprenta de F. Maroto Ă© Hijos. p. 40.
2880:
which authorised a general crusade against Granada to conquer the Iberian Peninsula together with mandates to conquer
2757:
2611:
2223:
1705:
670:
620:
31:
4927:
3182:
3084:, and now finally again by Ferdinand IV himself. The original Spanish language text from this passage is as follows:
3008:
3000:
2913:
2905:
2702:
880:
840:
148:
140:
5542:
5502:
5383:
5149:
5129:
4993:
4887:
4797:
4325:
4134:
4032:
3981:
2982:
fortifications of Gibraltar, dating to this period, still stand today. The most prominent being the remains of the
2558:
2532:
1986:
1546:
1491:
1238:
1116:
1089:
1079:
994:
942:
810:
770:
695:
660:
585:
366:
344:
267:
247:
1389:
850:
5373:
5212:
5047:
4741:
4535:
4437:
4359:
4109:
4061:
3986:
3966:
3943:
3257:
3177:
3125:
3016:
2991:
2921:
2658:
2594:
2579:
2472:
2417:
1772:
1511:
1476:
1466:
1411:
1327:
1268:
1248:
1243:
1201:
1146:
1121:
1111:
1084:
1064:
740:
700:
680:
600:
339:
152:
3803:
Torres Fontes, Juan (1980). Academia Alfonso X el Sabio. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas (ed.).
2319:
5306:
4814:
4756:
4731:
4726:
4562:
4455:
4402:
4159:
4129:
4042:
4009:
4004:
3976:
3971:
3948:
3774:
3065:
2733:
2584:
2327:
1963:
1930:
1891:
1873:
1561:
1521:
1516:
1486:
1481:
1471:
1461:
1337:
1253:
1228:
1181:
1151:
1141:
755:
720:
710:
299:
289:
242:
5015:
4490:
3426:
2846:
After the signing of the treaty at AlcalĂĄ de Henares, Castile and Aragon both sent emissaries to the court at
2769:
1004:
920:
875:
548:
508:
438:
2954:. Final preparations for the siege were carried out in Seville, where Ferdinand IV arrived in July 1309. The
5532:
4998:
4465:
3187:
3149:
3048:
2866:
2749:
2721:
2370:
1667:
1531:
1233:
1171:
1161:
1019:
1014:
974:
947:
932:
830:
800:
780:
760:
665:
635:
625:
573:
568:
493:
463:
453:
421:
386:
324:
314:
165:
136:
5077:
5027:
4983:
4909:
4892:
4751:
4635:
4557:
4267:
3804:
2810:
2545:
2272:
2240:
2073:
1315:
1310:
1223:
910:
895:
890:
805:
750:
610:
533:
503:
411:
329:
252:
3573:
3541:
3371:
Data Almizrano. Siete siglos y medio de historiografĂa valenciana sobre el Tratado de Almizra (1244â1994)
2858:
to further support military operations. They also asked for the papal blessing of a marriage between the
775:
5289:
5202:
5099:
5060:
4932:
4819:
4718:
4610:
4595:
4517:
2589:
2519:
2311:
1332:
1054:
1044:
952:
745:
725:
319:
5424:
4417:
2950:
where the emissaries of James II announced that the Aragonese king was prepared to besiege the city of
2947:
2105:
984:
4978:
4960:
4867:
4824:
4779:
4667:
4422:
4285:
4139:
4098:
4024:
4014:
3996:
3958:
3935:
3917:
3077:
3073:
3069:
2745:
2295:
2050:
1898:
1655:
1594:
1574:
1541:
1504:
1434:
1399:
1378:
1305:
1218:
1039:
967:
835:
825:
795:
785:
640:
595:
590:
523:
468:
334:
277:
262:
48:
5022:
3395:
3339:
5072:
4922:
4856:
4460:
4427:
4347:
4124:
3840:
3486:
3485:
R.P. Fidel Fita y Colomé (1882). "III Concilio Provincial de Alcala de Henares, 8 Noviembre I309".
2288:
1878:
1834:
1347:
1024:
962:
860:
645:
563:
558:
483:
406:
237:
5431:
3668:. in Al-makkari, vol. ii. p. 355. (2nd ed.). University of California: Provost. p. 135.
5412:
5240:
5207:
5186:
5174:
5010:
4736:
4618:
4600:
3035:
3031:
3020:
2963:
2925:
2870:
2773:
2710:
2401:
2214:
2205:
2018:
1906:
1809:
1406:
1342:
1166:
1094:
999:
855:
765:
513:
478:
401:
396:
124:
119:
3284:
The EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica, or, Dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature, Volume 10
2196:
2089:
3286:(8th ed.). University of Wisconsin, Madison: Adam & Charles Black. 1856. p. 618.
17:
5378:
5119:
5114:
4412:
4307:
4209:
4205:
4149:
3858:
3810:
3789:
3720:
3610:
3432:
3374:
2836:
2806:
2729:
2599:
2425:
2264:
2256:
2179:
1642:
1638:
1551:
1526:
1451:
1322:
1300:
1196:
1186:
1156:
989:
915:
870:
865:
820:
730:
690:
675:
630:
605:
553:
498:
473:
443:
433:
309:
272:
115:
60:
5436:
5368:
5124:
5082:
4552:
4470:
4407:
4392:
4215:
3052:
mention that the Castilian forces surrounded the city of Gibraltar and besieged it with two
2974:
2832:
2694:
1979:
1822:
1802:
1781:
1730:
1581:
1263:
1191:
1069:
1034:
705:
448:
111:
3698:
4802:
3027:
2840:
2753:
2488:
2449:
2139:
1618:
979:
790:
715:
518:
488:
458:
416:
257:
3842:
Actas Inéditas de Siete Concilos Españoles Celebrados Desde el Año 1282 Hasta el de I314
3524:
3488:
Actas Inéditas de Siete Concilos Españoles Celebrados Desde el Año 1282 Hasta el de I314
3112:
The Castilian victory at Gibraltar ended almost 600 years of Muslim rule over the city.
3015:
and the council of nobles associated with that city. The group was further bolstered by
5005:
4485:
4480:
4169:
3156:
2983:
2936:
2851:
2802:
2644:
2456:
2385:
2148:
2066:
2010:
1136:
900:
885:
735:
528:
5496:
5055:
4746:
4432:
4300:
3609:. dos tomos (ill. ed.). London: Shepheard-Walwyn (Publishers) Ltd. p. 114.
2765:
2480:
2121:
2026:
361:
3100:
fincar, yo yrĂ© allende la mar Ă© me pornĂ© en lugar do biva en salvo Ă© acabe mis dĂas.
4223:
4144:
2959:
2630:
3692:
4684:
4397:
3578:. dos tomos (1ÂȘ ed.). Madrid: Imprenta de Don JosĂ© RodrĂguez. p. 220.
3546:. dos tomos (1ÂȘ ed.). Madrid: Imprenta de Don JosĂ© RodrĂguez. p. 223.
3431:. University of Wisconsin, Madison: EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica. 1973. p. 559.
2690:
1994:
1953:
1456:
1421:
1416:
1258:
219:
52:
4862:
3836:
3039:
2874:
2873:. The Pope agreed to both ventures and on 24 April 1309, Clement V issued the
2786:
1945:
1446:
5478:
5465:
185:
4253:
4084:
3904:
2798:
2782:
2778:
86:
3839:(1882). "III Concilio Provincial de Alcala de Henares, 8 Noviembre I309".
3743:
The History of Gibraltar and of Its Political Relation to Events in Europe
3694:
The history of Gibraltar and of its political relation to events in Europe
3636:
The History of Gibraltar and of Its Political Relation to Events in Europe
3220:
The History of Gibraltar and of Its Political Relation to Events in Europe
4231:
3529:. Barcelona: TipografĂa de la Casa Provincial de Caridad. pp. 34â35.
2885:
2855:
1865:
1850:
2732:
though the actual city was later recaptured by Muslim forces during the
5087:
3061:
2995:
2951:
2929:
2881:
2859:
2847:
2698:
2335:
3746:(2nd ed.). Harvard University: Chapman and Hall. pp. 16â17.
3249:
3143:
In the immediate aftermath of the peace treaty, the Emir of Granada,
3081:
2892:
2794:
2714:
1914:
4053:
3779:(in Spanish) (1ÂȘ ed.). Madrid: Imprenta de Don JosĂ© RodrĂguez.
3165:
swindlers, thieves, murderers and wives escaped from their husbands
2994:, Ferdinand IV sent part of his army from the military councils of
2904:
The main vassals contributing to operations against Gibraltar were
2785:
and that the Aragonese forces would attempt to conquer the city of
3639:(2nd ed.). Harvard University: Chapman and Hall. p. 16.
3223:(2nd ed.). Harvard University: Chapman and Hall. p. 15.
2979:
2973:
2928:. The majority of this army consisted of the militia councils of
2843:
so that they would not intervene in the coming war with Granada.
2756:, Bernat de SarriĂ and Gonzalo GarcĂa agreed to the terms of the
3462:(2nd ed.). University of California: Provost. p. 136.
3315:(2nd ed.). University of California: Provost. p. 135.
4958:
4777:
4515:
4265:
4096:
4057:
3875:
3697:(2nd ed.). Harvard University: Chapman and Hall. pp.
189:
4842:
2958:
for the invasion army passed through Seville and crossed the
2693:
that took place in 1309. The battle pitted the forces of the
3128:
writes of the Algeciras campaign in a similar form, saying:
3740:
Sayer, Frederick (1865). "I: First Siege by Ferdinand IV".
3719:. Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses. p. 41.
3691:
Sayer, Frederick (1865). "I: Conspiracy Against Muhammed".
3633:
Sayer, Frederick (1865). "I: First Siege by Ferdinand IV".
3518:
3516:
3396:"Fernando IV de Castilla: La Conquista de Gibraltar (1309)"
3340:"Fernando IV de Castilla: La Conquista de Gibraltar (1309)"
3217:
Sayer, Frederick (1865). "I: First Siege by Ferdinand IV".
3064:
where he was expelled by Ferdinand IV's great grandfather,
3784:
GonzĂĄlez MĂnguez, CĂ©sar; CĂ©sar GonzĂĄlez MĂnguez (1995).
2697:(mostly those from the military councils of the city of
3244:
3242:
3159:
of Gibraltar. One of the incentives offered for this
3072:
where he was expelled by Ferdinand IV's grandfather,
2962:
River and travelled by sea to the territories of the
4365:
Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS)
5359:
5248:
5239:
5195:
5107:
5098:
5046:
4971:
4908:
4833:
4790:
4717:
4609:
4583:
4528:
4446:
4385:
4378:
4316:
4278:
4023:
3995:
3957:
3934:
3916:
1610:Evacuation of the Gibraltarian civilian population
3830:(2nd ed.). University of California: Provost.
2946:From Toledo, Ferdinand IV and his army marched to
2854:and to obtain the clerical backing of an official
3788:(in Spanish) (1ÂȘ ed.). Palencia: La Olmeda.
1603:Military history of Gibraltar during World War II
4707:European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 (Gibraltar)
3857:. Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses.
3130:
3086:
41:
4069:
3887:
3662:Mann, J. H. (1873). "XVII: The First Siege".
3607:España Britannia: A Bitter-sweet Relationship
3456:Mann, J. H. (1873). "XVII: The First Siege".
3309:Mann, J. H. (1873). "XVII: The First Siege".
2865:, the firstborn daughter of Ferdinand IV and
2666:
1748:
201:
8:
3034:had already begun their own war against the
5245:
5104:
4968:
4955:
4787:
4774:
4525:
4512:
4382:
4275:
4262:
4093:
4076:
4062:
4054:
3894:
3880:
3872:
3628:
3626:
2760:. Ferdinand IV, supported by his brother,
2673:
2659:
1766:
1755:
1741:
1363:
208:
194:
186:
38:
4575:Political development in modern Gibraltar
3038:and were in place besieging the city of
5528:Sieges involving the Emirate of Granada
3776:Memorias de Don Fernando IV de Castilla
3575:Memorias de Don Fernando IV de Castilla
3567:
3565:
3543:Memorias de Don Fernando IV de Castilla
3209:
3019:, the contemporary grand master of the
1780:
1769:
1715:
1377:
1366:
3501:from the original on 24 September 2015
3428:The EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica, Volume 14
2402:Revolution and Asturian miners' strike
3827:A History of Gibraltar and its Sieges
3665:A History of Gibraltar and its Sieges
3459:A History of Gibraltar and its Sieges
3312:A History of Gibraltar and its Sieges
3260:from the original on 14 December 2013
7:
5419:
3290:from the original on 6 February 2017
5443:
3445:from the original on 21 March 2017.
2551:Catalan declaration of independence
1691:History of nationality in Gibraltar
4851:Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation
3582:from the original on 23 April 2017
3550:from the original on 23 April 2017
3076:, third by Ferdinand IV's father,
30:For similarly titled battles, see
25:
5170:Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned
5038:Scouting and Guiding in Gibraltar
3750:from the original on 2 April 2018
3672:from the original on 2 April 2018
3643:from the original on 2 April 2018
3572:Benavides, Antonio (1860). "XV".
3540:Benavides, Antonio (1860). "XV".
3466:from the original on 2 April 2018
3406:from the original on 4 March 2016
3350:from the original on 4 March 2016
3319:from the original on 2 April 2018
3227:from the original on 2 April 2018
3080:when his forces took the city of
3023:and a contingent of his knights.
5442:
5430:
5418:
5407:
5406:
4296:AzoresâGibraltar Transform Fault
4252:
3903:
3394:GonzĂĄlez MĂnguez, CĂ©sar (2009).
3338:GonzĂĄlez MĂnguez, CĂ©sar (2009).
2638:
2624:
1791:
1724:
1388:
65:View of Gibraltar from the West.
59:
3853:Jackson, William G. F. (1986).
3715:Jackson, William G. F. (1986).
3369:Ferråndiz Lozano, José (1994).
3198:Muhammed III, Sultan of Granada
2932:and the noblemen of that city.
2772:agreed to wage war against the
2344:Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
18:First Siege of Gibraltar (1309)
4619:Black Swan Project controversy
3523:Giménez Soler, Andrés (1904).
2825:Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena
2713:who were under the command of
27:1309 battle of the Reconquista
1:
5135:Cathedral of the Holy Trinity
4155:Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar
3855:The Rock of the Gibraltarians
3717:The Rock of the Gibraltarians
2752:and the ambassadors from the
2043:War of the Spanish Succession
1663:Second sovereignty referendum
1557:Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar
1537:War of the Spanish Succession
157:Juan de Castilla el de Tarifa
5180:Shrine of Our Lady of Europe
4989:Bayside Comprehensive School
3824:Mann, J. H. (1873). "XVII".
3809:(in Spanish) (1ÂȘ ed.).
2768:, the bishop of Zamora, and
2709:, against the forces of the
2003:Colonisation of the Americas
1624:First sovereignty referendum
1442:Umayyad conquest of Hispania
4938:Vehicle registration plates
4878:Royal Gibraltar Post Office
3773:Benavides, Antonio (1860).
3526:El sitio de AlmerĂa en 1309
3256:. Government of Gibraltar.
2758:Treaty of AlcalĂĄ de Henares
1706:Fortifications of Gibraltar
1277:Post-Reconquista Rebellions
32:List of sieges of Gibraltar
5564:
5508:14th century in al-Andalus
4883:postage stamps and history
2924:, the grand master of the
2762:Pedro de Castilla y Molina
2541:2008â2014 financial crisis
1547:Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar
1492:Seventh Siege of Gibraltar
29:
5538:14th century in Gibraltar
5518:Sieges of the Reconquista
5402:
5327:
5213:Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque
4967:
4954:
4786:
4773:
4742:Napier of Magdala Battery
4524:
4511:
4274:
4261:
4250:
4110:Neanderthals in Gibraltar
4105:
4092:
3806:Documentos de Fernando IV
3178:Siege of Algeciras (1309)
3138:Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari
3126:Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari
2473:Spain during World War II
2304:Regency of MarĂa Cristina
2172:Regency of MarĂa Cristina
1697:Political development in
1512:Eighth Siege of Gibraltar
1477:Fourth Siege of Gibraltar
1467:Second Siege of Gibraltar
1412:Neanderthals of Gibraltar
382:2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
377:1st San Esteban de Gormaz
228:
171:
130:
105:
69:
58:
46:
5513:Sieges involving Castile
4757:Royal Gibraltar Regiment
4732:Gibraltar Defence Police
4727:British Forces Gibraltar
4130:First Siege of Gibraltar
3703:siege of gibraltar 1309.
3009:Fernando Gutiérrez Tello
2914:Fernando Gutiérrez Tello
2744:On 19 December 1308, at
2734:third siege of Gibraltar
2687:first siege of Gibraltar
2528:1981 coup d'Ă©tat attempt
2328:Spain during World War I
1907:Kingdom of the Visigoths
1562:Great Siege of Gibraltar
1522:Tenth Siege of Gibraltar
1517:Ninth Siege of Gibraltar
1487:Sixth Siege of Gibraltar
1482:Fifth Siege of Gibraltar
1472:Third Siege of Gibraltar
1462:First Siege of Gibraltar
149:Fernando Gutiérrez Tello
77:1309 â 12 September 1309
42:First siege of Gibraltar
5548:14th century in Castile
4999:University of Gibraltar
4685:Sovereignty referendums
4343:Reptiles and amphibians
3601:Alistair, Ward (2004).
3188:Ferdinand IV of Castile
3107:Fernando IV de Castilla
3030:, under the command of
2990:After the start of the
2867:Jaime de AragĂłn y Anjou
2850:to gain the support of
2750:Ferdinand IV of Castile
2701:) under the command of
2512:Transition to democracy
1668:Cordoba Agreement, 2006
1532:Marquisate of Gibraltar
137:Ferdinand IV of Castile
4928:GibraltarâSpain border
4752:Royal Gibraltar Police
4491:St. Bernard's Hospital
4476:King George V Hospital
4165:George Augustus Eliott
3997:Castilian/Spanish rule
3786:Fernando IV, 1295â1312
3250:"Information Services"
3193:Alonso PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn
3141:
3110:
3017:Garci LĂłpez de Padilla
3005:Alonso PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn
2987:
2939:issued the papal bull
2922:Garci LĂłpez de Padilla
2910:Alonso PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn
2900:Castilian mobilization
2707:Alonso PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn
2546:2017 Barcelona attacks
2378:Provisional Government
2249:Provisional Government
2122:Absolutist restoration
2074:Abdications of Bayonne
153:Garci LĂłpez de Padilla
145:Alonso PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn
131:Commanders and leaders
4933:Shipping in Gibraltar
4198:Explosion of the RFA
3183:Juan NĂșñez II de Lara
3124:The Muslim historian
3013:Archbishop of Seville
3001:Juan NĂșñez II de Lara
2977:
2918:Archbishop of Seville
2906:Juan NĂșñez II de Lara
2770:Diego LĂłpez V de Haro
2703:Juan NĂșñez II de Lara
2533:Madrid train bombings
2410:1936 general election
2312:Reign of Alfonso XIII
2098:Constitution of CĂĄdiz
372:Pallars and Ribagorza
141:Juan NĂșñez II de Lara
5342:Records in athletics
5317:Campo Gibraltar RUFC
5295:Football Association
5144:(Church of Scotland)
5142:St. Andrew's Church
4873:Regulatory Authority
4193:Maltese in Gibraltar
4188:Genoese in Gibraltar
4140:Capture of Gibraltar
3373:. Alicante: Ateneo.
3026:The forces from the
2816:Archbishop of Toledo
2764:, the archbishop of
2689:was a battle of the
2559:Coronavirus pandemic
2520:Current constitution
2505:Contemporary history
2320:SpanishâAmerican War
2296:Reign of Alfonso XII
2188:Regency of Espartero
2165:Reign of Isabella II
2051:Nueva Planta Decrees
1899:Kingdom of the Suebi
1731:Gibraltar portal
1542:Capture of Gibraltar
1259:2nd Granada campaign
656:2nd Balearic Islands
631:1st Balearic Islands
49:Battle of the Strait
5523:Sieges of Gibraltar
5475: /
5073:Gibraltarian status
4857:Gibraltar Chronicle
4428:Strait of Gibraltar
4352:Iberis gibraltarica
4135:Battle of Gibraltar
4125:Pillars of Hercules
3910:Sieges of Gibraltar
3837:Fidel Fita y Colomé
2691:Spanish Reconquista
2434:Nationalist victory
2355:of DĂĄmaso Berenguer
2241:Sexenio DemocrĂĄtico
2224:Glorious Revolution
2130:Sexenio Absolutista
1980:Early modern period
1879:Diocese of Hispania
1673:Second constitution
1612:during World War II
938:Las Navas de Tolosa
177:Thousands (Unknown)
5332:Commonwealth Games
5187:Trafalgar Cemetery
5175:Our Lady of Europe
5016:LlĂ©vame Donde NacĂ
4737:Gibraltar Squadron
4536:Constitution Order
4418:St. Michael's Cave
3036:Kingdom of Granada
3021:Order of Calatrava
2992:siege of Algeciras
2988:
2964:Kingdom of Granada
2935:On 29 April 1309,
2926:Order of Calatrava
2871:James II of Aragon
2869:, son and heir of
2863:Eleanor of Castile
2774:Emirate of Granada
2711:Emirate of Granada
2645:History portal
2215:Bienio progresista
2206:Second Carlist War
2106:Treaty of Valençay
1964:Christian kingdoms
1835:Carthaginian Spain
1810:Prehistoric Iberia
1629:First constitution
1407:Prehistoric Iberia
1132:Shepherds' Crusade
943:3rd AlcĂĄcer do Sal
906:2nd AlcĂĄcer do Sal
816:1st AlcĂĄcer do Sal
305:2nd Roncevaux Pass
243:1st Roncevaux Pass
125:Emirate of Granada
120:Order of Calatrava
5543:Order of Santiago
5503:Conflicts in 1309
5458:
5457:
5398:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5355:
5354:
5235:
5234:
5155:Roman Catholicism
5120:Diocese in Europe
4950:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4900:Telephone numbers
4845:(Internet domain)
4769:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4680:Political parties
4507:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4413:Rock of Gibraltar
4308:Iberian Peninsula
4248:
4247:
4210:Death on the Rock
4206:Operation Flavius
4150:Treaty of Utrecht
4051:
4050:
2941:Prioribus decanis
2891:At the Courts of
2878:Indesinentis cure
2837:Treaty of Almizra
2746:AlcalĂĄ de Henares
2730:Iberian Peninsula
2722:Abu'l-Juyush Nasr
2720:and his brother,
2683:
2682:
2600:Religious history
2289:Restoration Spain
2265:Third Carlist War
2257:Reign of Amadeo I
2180:First Carlist War
1987:Catholic Monarchs
1892:Early Middle Ages
1830:Pre-Roman peoples
1765:
1764:
1643:Death on the Rock
1639:Operation Flavius
1552:Treaty of Utrecht
1527:Catholic Monarchs
1452:Moorish Gibraltar
1361:
1360:
539:AlmodĂłvar del RĂo
184:
183:
166:Abu'l-Juyush Nasr
116:Order of Santiago
101:
100:
97:Castilian victory
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2833:Treaty of Cazola
2695:Crown of Castile
2675:
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2643:
2642:
2641:
2631:Spain portal
2629:
2628:
2627:
2595:Military history
2580:Economic history
2563:
2555:
2537:
2524:
2516:
2493:
2485:
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2465:Republican exile
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2110:
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2086:
2082:Napoleonic Spain
2078:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1991:
1968:
1960:
1950:
1942:
1919:
1915:Byzantine Spania
1911:
1903:
1870:
1869:(218 BCEâ472 CE)
1862:
1839:
1795:
1785:
1767:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1700:
1699:modern Gibraltar
1656:Modern Gibraltar
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1582:Royal Calpe Hunt
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112:Crown of Castile
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5125:Bishop diocesan
5094:
5042:
5033:Public holidays
4994:Westside School
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4942:
4904:
4844:
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4803:Gibraltar pound
4782:
4761:
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4624:Disputed status
4605:
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4360:Botanic Gardens
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4170:Gibraltar real
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3028:Crown of Aragon
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2902:
2841:Marinid dynasty
2821:John of Castile
2754:Crown of Aragon
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2679:
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2585:Law enforcement
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2450:Francoist Spain
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1982:
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1940:
1938:Muslim conquest
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5479:36.15°N 5.35°W
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4578:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4560:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4532:
4530:
4522:
4521:
4516:
4509:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4486:The Rock Hotel
4483:
4481:Moorish Castle
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4452:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4389:
4387:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4345:
4340:
4339:
4338:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4298:
4288:
4282:
4280:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4259:
4258:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4229:
4221:
4213:
4203:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4090:
4089:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4058:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4001:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3963:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3936:Castilian rule
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3922:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3863:
3850:
3832:
3821:
3815:
3800:
3794:
3781:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3732:
3725:
3707:
3683:
3654:
3622:
3615:
3593:
3561:
3532:
3512:
3477:
3448:
3437:
3417:
3386:
3379:
3361:
3330:
3301:
3271:
3238:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3173:
3170:
3135:
3117:
3114:
3104:
3047:chronicles of
2984:Moorish Castle
2971:
2968:
2937:Pope Clement V
2901:
2898:
2852:Pope Clement V
2741:
2738:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2634:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:(2020âpresent)
2556:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2530:
2525:
2517:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2470:
2462:
2457:Spanish Maquis
2453:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2399:
2391:
2386:First Biennium
2383:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2349:
2341:
2333:
2325:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2273:First Republic
2270:
2262:
2254:
2245:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2221:
2211:
2203:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2149:Ominous Decade
2146:
2136:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2070:
2067:Peninsular War
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1961:
1951:
1943:
1934:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1912:
1904:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1863:
1858:Roman Conquest
1854:
1851:Roman Hispania
1849:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1788:
1787:
1778:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1636:
1634:Border closure
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1288:2nd Alpujarras
1285:
1283:1st Alpujarras
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1152:Vega de Pagana
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1050:Mudéjar revolt
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
971:
970:
960:
958:Aragonese raid
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
929:
928:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
846:Central Iberia
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
606:Norwegian raid
603:
598:
593:
588:
582:
581:
577:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
430:
429:
425:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
358:
357:
353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
286:
285:
281:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
234:
233:
229:
226:
225:
215:
213:
212:
205:
198:
190:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
169:
168:
159:
133:
132:
128:
127:
122:
108:
107:
103:
102:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
85:
83:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
56:
55:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5560:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5491:
5488:
5451:
5450:
5441:
5439:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5427:
5426:
5417:
5415:
5414:
5405:
5404:
5401:
5385:
5382:
5381:
5380:
5379:Official flag
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5362:
5358:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5326:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5312:national team
5310:
5309:
5308:
5305:
5301:
5300:national team
5298:
5296:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5288:
5284:
5283:national team
5281:
5280:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5267:
5266:national team
5264:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5188:
5185:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5097:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5056:Gibraltarians
5054:
5053:
5051:
5049:
5045:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4957:
4953:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4901:
4898:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4888:postal orders
4886:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4776:
4772:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4747:RAF Gibraltar
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4702:EU referendum
4700:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4669:
4666:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4608:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4582:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4514:
4510:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4456:Bristol Hotel
4454:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4438:Windmill Hill
4436:
4434:
4433:Vanguard Cave
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4408:Gorham's Cave
4406:
4404:
4403:Eastern Beach
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4371:
4370:Wildlife Park
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4306:
4302:
4301:Gibraltar Arc
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4264:
4260:
4255:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4091:
4086:
4079:
4074:
4072:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4056:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3897:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3866:
3864:0-8386-3237-8
3860:
3856:
3851:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3822:
3818:
3816:84-00-04659-5
3812:
3808:
3807:
3801:
3797:
3795:84-8173-027-0
3791:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3736:
3733:
3728:
3726:0-8386-3237-8
3722:
3718:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3687:
3684:
3671:
3667:
3666:
3658:
3655:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3618:
3616:9780856832246
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3594:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3536:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3497:
3490:
3489:
3481:
3478:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3452:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3438:9780852291733
3434:
3430:
3429:
3421:
3418:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3387:
3382:
3380:84-600-8983-5
3376:
3372:
3365:
3362:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3334:
3331:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3305:
3302:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3272:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3213:
3210:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3163:was that all
3162:
3158:
3153:
3151:
3146:
3134:
3129:
3127:
3122:
3115:
3113:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3066:Ferdinand III
3063:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2883:
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345:2nd Cellorigo
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340:1st Cellorigo
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19:
5484:36.15; -5.35
5460:
5447:
5435:
5423:
5411:
5374:Coat of arms
5337:Island Games
5278:Field hockey
5196:Other faiths
5108:Christianity
5048:Demographics
5028:National Day
4893:Study Circle
4855:
4558:court system
4351:
4232:
4224:
4216:
4199:
4178:World War II
4145:George Rooke
4025:British rule
3959:Moorish rule
3925:
3918:Moorish rule
3854:
3841:
3826:
3805:
3785:
3775:
3767:Bibliography
3752:. Retrieved
3742:
3735:
3716:
3710:
3702:
3693:
3686:
3674:. Retrieved
3664:
3657:
3645:. Retrieved
3635:
3606:
3596:
3586:22 September
3584:. Retrieved
3574:
3554:22 September
3552:. Retrieved
3542:
3535:
3525:
3503:. Retrieved
3487:
3480:
3468:. Retrieved
3458:
3451:
3427:
3420:
3408:. Retrieved
3400:Medievalismo
3399:
3389:
3370:
3364:
3352:. Retrieved
3344:Medievalismo
3343:
3333:
3321:. Retrieved
3311:
3304:
3294:22 September
3292:. Retrieved
3283:
3274:
3262:. Retrieved
3253:
3229:. Retrieved
3219:
3212:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3145:Muhammed III
3142:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3111:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3068:, second at
3058:
3053:
3049:Ferdinand IV
3046:
3044:
3025:
2989:
2978:Some of the
2960:Guadalquivir
2945:
2940:
2934:
2903:
2890:
2877:
2845:
2829:
2791:
2743:
2726:
2718:Muhammed III
2686:
2684:
2636:
2622:
2610:
2590:LGBT history
2352:
2239:
2213:
2195:
2138:
2128:
1954:
1874:Romanization
1861:(206â27 BCE)
1595:20th century
1575:19th century
1505:Early modern
1295:North Africa
1213:15th century
1106:
1101:14th century
1005:4th Valencia
927:13th century
881:4th Santarém
841:3rd Santarém
781:2nd Santarém
701:3rd Valencia
671:2nd Zaragoza
651:1st Santarém
586:2nd Valencia
580:12th century
544:1st Valencia
509:1st Zaragoza
428:11th century
412:Torrevicente
356:10th century
253:Orbieu River
248:Burbia River
218:
162:Muhammed III
106:Belligerents
47:Part of the
36:
5482: /
5449:WikiProject
5384:other flags
5307:Rugby union
5115:Anglicanism
4563:LGBT rights
4466:The Convent
4398:Catalan Bay
4318:Environment
4183:Nationality
4160:Great Siege
3346:: 177â178.
3161:repoblaciĂłn
3157:repoblaciĂłn
3133:Gibraltar.
2956:supply line
2515:(1975â1978)
2492:(1959â2011)
2484:(1941â1944)
2476:(1939â1945)
2468:(1939â1977)
2460:(1939â1965)
2429:(1936â1939)
2397:(1933â1936)
2389:(1931â1933)
2358:(1930â1931)
2353:Dictablanda
2347:(1923â1930)
2331:(1914â1918)
2315:(1886â1931)
2307:(1885â1902)
2299:(1874â1885)
2276:(1873â1874)
2268:(1872â1876)
2260:(1870â1873)
2252:(1868â1871)
2219:(1854â1856)
2209:(1846â1849)
2201:(1844â1854)
2191:(1840â1843)
2183:(1833â1840)
2175:(1833â1840)
2152:(1823â1833)
2144:(1820â1823)
2134:(1814â1820)
2093:(1810â1814)
2085:(1808â1813)
2054:(1707â1716)
2046:(1701â1714)
2038:(1700â1808)
2030:(1580â1640)
2022:(1556â1659)
2014:(1516â1700)
2006:(1492â1898)
1998:(1482â1492)
1995:Granada War
1990:(1479â1516)
1955:Reconquista
1931:Middle Ages
1782:History of
1457:Reconquista
1422:Gibraltar 2
1417:Gibraltar 1
1379:History of
1353:2nd Tangier
1338:1st Tangier
1197:2nd Montiel
1117:3rd AlmerĂa
1035:3rd Seville
963:2nd Majorca
866:2nd Seville
831:2nd Badajoz
811:2nd AlmerĂa
801:2nd Tortosa
771:1st AlmerĂa
756:1st Montiel
711:1st Badajoz
686:1st Granada
439:Calatañazor
367:1st Majorca
320:Guadalacete
295:1st Tortosa
284:9th century
232:8th century
220:Reconquista
53:Reconquista
51:during the
5497:Categories
5256:Basketball
4863:Gibtelecom
4668:Parliament
4348:Candytuft
4172:(currency)
3425:"Madrid".
3204:References
2875:papal bull
2019:Golden Age
1967:(718â1479)
1959:(711â1492)
1949:(711â1492)
1946:Al-Andalus
1803:Prehistory
1447:Al-Andalus
1400:Prehistory
1219:Collejares
1207:2nd Murcia
1172:GuadalmesĂ
1162:RĂo Salado
1060:1st Murcia
1020:2nd XĂ tiva
1015:1st XĂ tiva
911:2nd Silves
896:2nd Silves
891:1st Silves
806:2nd Lleida
791:5th Lisbon
751:4th Lisbon
681:1st Lleida
641:Candespina
636:6th Toledo
621:Formentera
611:3rd Lisbon
591:Mollerussa
574:5th Toledo
569:4th Toledo
549:2nd Lisbon
534:3rd Toledo
504:2nd Toledo
392:1st Toledo
335:Polvoraria
278:1st Lisbon
268:RĂo QuirĂłs
263:Las Babias
5150:Methodism
5078:Languages
5066:in the UK
4984:Education
4923:Cable car
4910:Transport
4636:Elections
4461:City Hall
4423:Sandy Bay
4268:Geography
4225:New Flame
4085:Gibraltar
4043:1779â1783
3972:1349â1350
3116:Aftermath
3078:Sancho IV
3074:Alfonso X
2799:Alcaudete
2783:Gibraltar
2779:Algeciras
2736:in 1333.
2426:Civil War
2011:Habsburgs
1941:(711â716)
1918:(552â624)
1910:(418â721)
1902:(409â585)
1381:Gibraltar
1333:4nd Ceuta
1323:3nd Ceuta
1316:2nd Ceuta
1311:1st Ceuta
1224:Antequera
1075:Andalusia
1055:3rd Jerez
1045:2nd Jerez
980:1st Jerez
953:PenĂscola
921:Talamanca
876:2nd Ăvora
861:Calatrava
851:Tarragona
836:Juromenha
826:1st Ăvora
776:Al-Ludjdj
746:2nd Coria
726:1st Coria
661:Martorell
646:Vatalandi
564:Consuegra
484:Golpejera
469:Barbastro
407:Estercuel
238:Covadonga
87:Gibraltar
5413:Category
5290:Football
5249:By sport
5203:Hinduism
5100:Religion
4868:Panorama
4820:Taxation
4719:Military
4611:Politics
4596:Governor
4570:Passport
4518:Politics
4240:COVID-19
4235:incident
4227:incident
4219:incident
4200:Bedenham
4115:Timeline
3748:Archived
3670:Archived
3641:Archived
3580:Archived
3548:Archived
3496:Archived
3464:Archived
3443:Archived
3404:Archived
3348:Archived
3317:Archived
3288:Archived
3258:Archived
3225:Archived
3172:See also
3136:â
3105:â
3032:James II
2886:Sardinia
2835:and the
2612:Timeline
2035:Bourbons
1866:Hispania
1773:a series
1771:Part of
1717:Timeline
1685:See also
1435:Medieval
1370:a series
1368:Part of
1167:Estepona
1095:Iznalloz
1030:3rd Jaén
990:Burriana
975:2nd Jaén
948:1st Jaén
933:Al-DÄmĆ«s
871:Abrantes
766:Albacete
741:Trancoso
616:Talavera
596:Balaguer
514:Sagrajas
479:Llantada
402:Simancas
397:Alhandic
330:Morcuera
300:Pancorbo
172:Strength
82:Location
5467:36°09âČN
5425:Commons
5361:Symbols
5273:Cycling
5261:Cricket
5220:Judaism
5160:Diocese
5088:Llanito
5083:English
4979:Cuisine
4972:General
4961:Culture
4918:Airport
4825:Tourism
4791:General
4780:Economy
4673:Speaker
4629:isthmus
4529:General
4386:Natural
4331:Mammals
4291:Geology
4286:Climate
4279:General
4099:History
3505:12 July
3410:11 July
3402:: 181.
3354:11 July
3254:History
3062:Seville
3054:engeños
3040:AlmerĂa
2996:Seville
2980:Moorish
2952:Almeria
2948:CĂłrdoba
2930:Seville
2882:Corsica
2860:Infanta
2856:Crusade
2848:Avignon
2811:Locubin
2803:Quesada
2787:AlmerĂa
2748:, King
2740:Context
2699:Seville
2339:(â1927)
2336:Rif War
1348:Melilla
1328:TĂ©touan
1187:Linuesa
1157:Getares
1010:Algarve
1000:El Puig
995:CĂłrdoba
968:PortopĂ
916:Alarcos
821:Palmela
796:Sacavém
786:Sacavém
731:Ourique
691:Corbins
676:Cutanda
666:Coimbra
554:Alcoraz
499:Morella
474:Paterna
464:Coimbra
434:Cervera
315:Albelda
310:Clavijo
5470:5°21âČW
5437:Portal
5369:Anthem
5165:Bishop
4584:People
4379:Places
4217:Aurora
4119:sieges
4087:topics
3861:
3813:
3792:
3754:9 July
3723:
3676:9 July
3647:9 July
3613:
3470:9 July
3435:
3377:
3323:9 July
3264:9 July
3231:9 July
3082:Tarifa
3011:, the
2916:, the
2893:Madrid
2809:, and
2807:Arenas
2795:Bedmar
2766:Toledo
2715:Sultan
2554:(2017)
2536:(2004)
2523:(1978)
2437:(1939)
2421:(1936)
2413:(1936)
2405:(1934)
2381:(1931)
2323:(1898)
2227:(1868)
2109:(1813)
2101:(1812)
2077:(1808)
1775:on the
1372:on the
1343:Asilah
1306:Strait
1269:MĂĄlaga
1264:Lucena
1192:Guadix
1090:MoclĂn
1070:Martos
856:Cuenca
721:Leiria
696:AlcalĂĄ
559:Bairén
519:Tudela
449:Albesa
273:Oviedo
94:Result
5241:Sport
5208:Islam
5011:Music
4808:coins
4798:Banks
4601:Mayor
4448:Built
4326:Birds
4233:Fedra
3846:(PDF)
3835:R.P.
3499:(PDF)
3492:(PDF)
3280:"GIB"
3070:Xerez
2970:Siege
2574:Topic
1784:Spain
1065:Ăcija
901:Tomar
886:Alvor
761:Soure
736:Oreja
716:Fraga
706:Aceca
626:Ibiza
601:Uclés
529:Aledo
524:TĂ©var
489:Cabra
459:Graus
417:Rueda
258:Lutos
5061:list
4843:.gi
4695:2002
4690:1967
4661:2023
4656:2019
4651:2015
4646:2011
4641:2007
4546:2006
4541:1969
4038:1727
4033:1704
4015:1704
4010:1506
4005:1467
3987:1462
3982:1436
3977:1411
3967:1333
3949:1333
3944:1316
3926:1309
3859:ISBN
3811:ISBN
3790:ISBN
3756:2012
3721:ISBN
3678:2012
3649:2012
3611:ISBN
3603:"IX"
3588:2016
3556:2016
3507:2012
3472:2012
3433:ISBN
3412:2012
3375:ISBN
3356:2012
3325:2012
3296:2016
3266:2012
3233:2012
3045:The
2920:and
2884:and
2823:and
2781:and
2705:and
2685:The
1301:Salé
1137:Teba
1040:Faro
1025:Biar
985:Ares
444:TorĂ
74:Date
4553:Law
5499::
3701:.
3699:17
3625:^
3605:.
3564:^
3515:^
3441:.
3398:.
3342:.
3282:.
3252:.
3241:^
3007:,
3003:,
2966:.
2912:,
2908:,
2888:.
2827:.
2805:,
2801:,
2797:,
2789:.
2724:.
4354:)
4350:(
4212:)
4208:(
4121:)
4117:(
4077:e
4070:t
4063:v
3895:e
3888:t
3881:v
3867:.
3819:.
3798:.
3758:.
3729:.
3680:.
3651:.
3619:.
3590:.
3558:.
3509:.
3474:.
3414:.
3383:.
3358:.
3327:.
3298:.
3268:.
3235:.
2986:.
2674:e
2667:t
2660:v
1756:e
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1641:/
209:e
202:t
195:v
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