425:
181:. The properties were originally owned by John Herbert, who had built a goodly sized cottage there. The cottage would provide immediate accommodation for the ticket-of-leave holders. Fitzgerald approved the acquisition of both properties on 4 August 1851. The sale of the properties to the Government had yielded a handsome profit for Herbert.
230:
building a two roomed cottage. The use of ticket-of-leave labour was allowed. Title was granted after seven years. Fitzgerald originally approved the marking out of 22 sites on the northern side of the
Toodyay township. When the official survey revealed the existence of a steep hillside, the number of allotments was reduced to thirteen.
204:
Next morning, the entire party negotiated the rising waters of the Avon River to reach their destination 0.8 kilometres (0.5 mi) upstream on the other side. The crossing took most of the day and was achieved with great difficulty. The men were aided by ropes when negotiating the deepest parts of
258:
It was necessary to build a secure gaol near the
Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot. The lock-up at the Military Barracks was poor and insufficient for the needs of a convict hiring depot. Escapes were too easily made. Heavy drinking at the local inns proved to be the biggest problem. The building planned
233:
The arrival of the
Pensioner Guards was delayed by further heavy rain and flooding of the Avon River. It was mid-October before they reached their destination, after which the Pensioner Guards were given the task of supervising and directing the ticket-of-leave holders under their command. After the
229:
The straw huts, however, were only temporary accommodation as the
Pensioner Guards were entitled to the offer of 1.6 hectares (4 acres) of allotments close to the depot site. The minimum payment of ten pounds required by law was compensated for by an allowance of ten pounds given towards the cost of
196:
Inn and possibly near
Jimperding Hill. The men were required to negotiate the risky descent of Jimperding Hill. It was customary to chain huge logs behind each the wagon to prevent it overtaking the bullocks in front. On the evening of 20 August, the party of approximately 40 ticket-of-leave holders
176:
had been appointed assistant superintendent. The site selected was Avon location 69 and the adjacent lot R1, an area totalling 4.7 hectares (11.5 acres). Lot R1 was a narrow allotment with a fresh water stream flowing through it. It also provided access to Avon location 69 from River
Terrace and the
306:
was anxious to reduce growing debt. The corps of
Enrolled Pensioner Guards was therefore no longer required in Toodyay. The Pensioner Guard Barracks were closed and the Government activated its sale. On 19 August 1857, Avon location 69 and lot R1 were sold to John Davidson, a local settler, for the
242:
Conflict and ill feeling quickly arose between free workmen and the newly arrived ticket-of-leave holders. The free workmen felt that their jobs were being threatened by the rate of pay for ticket-of-leave holders being less than what the free workmen currently received. Before the month was out, a
96:
was also constructed and surveys were carried out to enable more permanent accommodation to be built close by. The
Enrolled Pensioner Guards were men who had either completed their duty of service or who had sustained injury while on active service. They had then volunteered as guards on the ships
286:
For the time being, the
Pensioner Guards retained the use of the original depot site (in "Old Toodyay") for accommodation purposes. The area became known as the Pensioner Guard Barracks. However, the proposed Pensioner Guard allotments close to the former convict depot were sold off and new sites
298:
The straw huts at the original convict depot site found further use during the years of 1853 and 1854 when an
Emigrants' Depot was established in Toodyay. In July, August and September, an average of five men, fifteen women and fourteen children were in occupation at one time.
220:
needles and dry rushes were commonly used for thatching. At one end a canvas drape served as a door. A mud or stone chimney at the other end provided heating. The huts were a good size and surprisingly sturdy and long lasting.
445:
234:
completion of the straw huts, the men were divided into road parties to repair the local roads to the best of their ability. The roads, mere tracks, had been made almost impassable by the recent heavy rainfall.
160:
and approximately 40 men would be sent to each district. Ticket-of-leave men would then be hired out by local settlers to do whatever work was required by them. The remainder of the men were stationed in the
188:. It was winter and torrential rain was falling. Eventually, on Monday, 18 August 1851, Fitzgerald gave the order to head off. They were under the charge of Clarkson and were accompanied by several
116:
The decision to turn the colony into a penal settlement occurred after a good many settlers petitioned the Government to do so. The colony had struggled to survive during the 1840s. Governor
208:
After settling in, the ticket-of-leave holders were put to work building straw huts to accommodate the expected arrival of the Pensioner Guards. The straw or rush huts were
450:
101:
to Western Australia. Once the men were released from permanent duty, other duties of a peace keeping or military nature were expected of them. Many of these men became
275:
designated as Avon location 110. Located approximately 4.8 kilometres (3 mi) upstream, it measured just over 18 hectares (45 acres) in size. Construction of the
127:
The number of convicts sent to the colony was relatively small to start with. However, all that changed on 28 June 1851 when 293 convicts arrived on board
276:
33:
152:
Fitzgerald decided to set up convict hiring depots in areas where men had the best chance of finding employment. Country depots were planned for
291:
109:
56:
48:
384:
356:
121:
17:
409:
178:
173:
244:
185:
302:
In November 1856, the decision was made to close the Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot together with that of York. Governor
287:
were selected adjacent to the new depot site. The cottages on these new allotments were not fully complete until 1856.
316:
198:
157:
44:
455:
303:
193:
93:
271:
In early 1852, it was decided to transfer the Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot to a new and larger site, an area of
280:
153:
248:
263:. A number of ticket-of-leave holders were removed from road work to assist with the work at the gaol.
429:
424:
128:
98:
117:
405:
380:
352:
134:
349:
The History of the Toodyay Convict Depot: A Tale of the Convict Era of Western Australia
252:
102:
439:
209:
290:
260:
217:
189:
89:
40:
133:. Their arrival had been unexpected. In addition, each convict was to receive his
108:
272:
428: This article incorporates text by Alison Cromb available under the
71:
58:
43:(originally known as Toodyay), which should not be confused with the current
213:
166:
172:
A convict hiring depot was about to be set up in the townsite of Toodyay.
251:
was called upon to effect the peace. The offending men were escorted to
259:
was, in fact, a lock-up. However, it was generally referred to as the
184:
The party of men chosen to travel to Toodyay was held up by floods in
342:
340:
338:
336:
334:
332:
289:
162:
107:
446:
Buildings and structures built by convicts in Western Australia
18:
First Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot and Pensioner Guard Barracks
88:
was set up in the original township of Toodyay, now called
147:
Location of the first Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot in 1851
27:
Convict hiring depot in West Toodyay, Western Australia
255:and banned from returning to the Toodyay district.
212:in shape and were erected using bush poles and had
370:
368:
351:. Dianella, Western Australia: Alison Cromb.
192:and their gear. They camped overnight at the
8:
283:. Building began in February of that year.
404:. Toodyay Shire Council. p. 102-103.
451:Buildings and structures in West Toodyay
34:Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot (1852-1872)
328:
216:that reached to the ground. Brushwood,
247:owned by Alexander Warren. Magistrate
7:
122:the colony became a penal settlement
92:. Temporary accommodation for the
25:
39:This article is about a place in
423:
279:would be overseen by Lieutenant
379:. Hesperian Press. p. 14.
137:on disembarking at Fremantle.
1:
49:previously known as Newcastle
86:Toodyay Convict Hiring Depot
317:Lynton Convict Hiring Depot
243:drunken brawl arose at the
120:supported the proposal and
472:
38:
31:
402:Old Toodyay and Newcastle
225:Enrolled Pensioner Guards
94:Enrolled Pensioner Guards
281:Edmund Frederick Du Cane
277:new convict hiring depot
267:Transfer to another site
105:in charge of convicts.
32:Not to be confused with
238:Ticket-of-leave holders
400:Rica Erickson (1974).
375:Rica Erickson (1992).
295:
113:
347:Alison Cromb (2010).
294:Arthur Edward Kennedy
293:
111:
99:transporting convicts
141:Setting up the Depot
72:31.5235°S 116.4261°E
307:sum of 116 pounds.
197:struggled into the
68: /
296:
118:Charles Fitzgerald
114:
112:Charles Fitzgerald
77:-31.5235; 116.4261
199:Military Barracks
16:(Redirected from
463:
456:Pensioner Guards
427:
416:
415:
397:
391:
390:
372:
363:
362:
344:
174:Michael Clarkson
83:
82:
80:
79:
78:
73:
69:
66:
65:
64:
61:
21:
471:
470:
466:
465:
464:
462:
461:
460:
436:
435:
430:CC BY SA 2.5 AU
420:
419:
412:
399:
398:
394:
387:
377:The Bride Ships
374:
373:
366:
359:
346:
345:
330:
325:
313:
269:
240:
227:
150:
149:
148:
143:
135:ticket-of-leave
76:
74:
70:
67:
62:
59:
57:
55:
54:
52:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
469:
467:
459:
458:
453:
448:
438:
437:
418:
417:
410:
392:
385:
364:
357:
327:
326:
324:
321:
320:
319:
312:
309:
304:Arthur Kennedy
268:
265:
253:Fremantle Gaol
239:
236:
226:
223:
156:, Toodyay and
146:
145:
144:
142:
139:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
468:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
443:
441:
434:
433:
431:
426:
413:
407:
403:
396:
393:
388:
386:0-85905-162-5
382:
378:
371:
369:
365:
360:
358:9780646529639
354:
350:
343:
341:
339:
337:
335:
333:
329:
322:
318:
315:
314:
310:
308:
305:
300:
292:
288:
284:
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
262:
256:
254:
250:
246:
245:Bonnie Laddie
237:
235:
231:
224:
222:
219:
215:
211:
206:
202:
201:in Toodyay.
200:
195:
191:
190:bullock teams
187:
182:
180:
175:
170:
168:
164:
159:
155:
140:
138:
136:
132:
131:
125:
123:
119:
110:
106:
104:
100:
95:
91:
87:
84:In 1851, the
81:
50:
46:
42:
35:
30:
19:
422:
421:
401:
395:
376:
348:
301:
297:
285:
270:
261:Toodyay Gaol
257:
241:
232:
228:
207:
205:the river.
203:
183:
171:
151:
129:
126:
115:
90:West Toodyay
85:
53:
41:West Toodyay
29:
75: /
63:116°25′34″E
440:Categories
411:0959831509
323:References
273:Crown land
218:grass tree
179:Avon River
124:in 1849.
60:31°31′25″S
214:thatching
186:Guildford
167:Fremantle
432:licence.
311:See also
210:A-framed
130:Pyrenees
169:areas.
158:Bunbury
103:warders
45:Toodyay
408:
383:
355:
249:Harris
194:Bailup
163:Perth
406:ISBN
381:ISBN
353:ISBN
165:and
154:York
442::
367:^
331:^
51:).
414:.
389:.
361:.
47:(
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
