153:
168:, Espanca was the daughter of Antónia da Conceição Lobo who worked as a housemaid for Espanca's father, João Maria Espanca, a photographer and businessman. Her father's wife, Mariana do Carmo Inglesa Espanca, who was unable to have her own children, agreed for Espanca to live in their home, where she was raised from birth by both her father's wife and her biological mother, who was 15 years old when Espanca was born. Since her parents weren't married, when Espanca was baptized on 20 June 1895, she was christened as Flor Bela Lobo, the daughter of Antónia Lobo and an unknown father. Her father, whom Espanca referred to in a poem as "dear Daddy of my soul", officially claimed paternity in 1949, 19 years after Espanca's death.
481:
175:, Apeles Espanca, was born in 1897 and was also baptized as the child of an unknown father. In 1903, Espanca wrote her earliest known poem, "A Vida e a Morte" (Life and Death), when she was 8 years old. In 1908, her mother died at the age of 29 with "neurosis" recorded as her official cause of death. A few months after her mother's death, Espanca became one of the first female students to enroll in the Liceu André de Gouveia, a traditionally male school in
31:
500:
199:, where they both worked as teachers. Espanca taught French, English, geography, and history and Moutinho taught science. In 1915, due to financial difficulties, they moved in with Espanca's father in Évora and continued teaching. From 1915 to 1917, she collected all of her poems into a work entitled
243:(Heath in Bloom), Espanca expressed a "consuming desire to satisfy her need to love freely as a woman and her inability to channel that love into a socially acceptable, exclusive, monogamous mode," which according to Thomas Braga, was a revolutionary statement for Portuguese love sonnets.
188:
214:, where she was one of seven women, out of a total of 313 students, enrolled in the School of Law. Six months later, Espanca had a miscarriage and took a temporary break from university in order to recover in the southern region of
237:(Sister Saudade's Book) was published the same year. In 1925 she was married for a third time to Mário Lage, a doctor who had treated her for a long time. In the sonnet, "Amar" (Love), which was published in her last book,
195:
In 1913, Espanca failed a final examination and dropped out of school, and on her 19th birthday, she married
Alberto Moutinho, a longtime friend and classmate. Espanca and Moutinho moved to
246:
Espanca's brother died in an airplane accident (some believe he committed suicide, due to his fiancée's death), which deeply affected her. His death inspired the writing of
560:
218:, away from the capital city of Lisbon. She had another miscarriage in 1919 and around the same time, Espanca began to show the first serious symptoms of
152:
580:
231:
She was remarried in 1922 to António Guimarães. Espanca had another miscarriage in 1923 and Guimarães filed for divorce a few months later.
565:
540:
545:
399:
327:
525:
475:
228:(The Book of Sorrows) was published. In 1921 Espanca and Moutinho divorced, which exposed her to significant social prejudice.
585:
550:
535:
530:
278:, a title given by the Italian professor Guido Battelli, was published with the poems she wrote on a further version of
555:
570:
210:
at the Liceu de Évora. After graduating in 1917, she and
Moutinho moved to Lisbon so Espanca could attend the
233:
520:
239:
575:
515:
224:
211:
126:
471:
373:
254:, Espanca starting keeping a diary and twice attempted suicide shortly before the completion of
466:
442:
395:
333:
323:
196:
88:
30:
485:
434:
365:
207:
110:
251:
141:
316:
219:
161:
52:
419:
509:
106:
314:
Klobucka, Anna (2004). "Florbela
Espanca". In Monica Rector; Fred M. Clark (eds.).
267:
266:
Espanca died by suicide on 8 December 1930, her 36th birthday, from an overdose of
462:
187:
140:) was a Portuguese poet. She is known for her passionate and feminist poetry.
68:
446:
337:
438:
494:
176:
165:
215:
172:
377:
358:
Hispania: A Journal
Devoted to the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese
356:
Braga, Thomas J (1990), "Florbela
Espanca: The Limbs of a Passion",
369:
490:
322:. Dictionary of Literary Biography. Vol. 287. Detroit: Gale.
186:
151:
78:
394:(in Portuguese). São Paulo: Martins Fontes. pp. 25–26.
160:
Born Flor Bela d'Alma da Conceição on 8 December 1894 in
274:
was published a month later in
January 1931. In 1931,
250:(The Masks of Destiny). After being diagnosed with
102:
94:
84:
74:
58:
37:
21:
315:
203:(His book) that she dedicated to her brother.
8:
309:
307:
305:
303:
301:
299:
297:
295:
18:
418:Blanco, Maria-José; Wall, Sinéad (2009),
351:
349:
347:
291:
561:20th-century Portuguese women writers
125:
7:
406:alma sonhadora/ Irmã gémea da minha!
144:later said she was his "twin soul".
482:Works by or about Florbela Espanca
14:
262:Death and posthumous publications
138:8 December 1894 – 8 December 1930
498:
206:In 1916, Espanca re-enrolled in
29:
581:Drug-related deaths in Portugal
390:Dal Farra, Maria Lúcia (1996).
1:
133:Flor Bela d'Alma da Conceição
41:Flor Bela d'Alma da Conceição
566:Barbiturates-related deaths
541:University of Lisbon alumni
497:(public domain audiobooks)
127:[floɾˈβɛlɐɨʃˈpɐ̃kɐ]
16:Portuguese poet (1894–1930)
602:
427:Journal of Romance Studies
392:Poemas de Florbela Espanca
491:Works by Florbela Espanca
472:Works by Florbela Espanca
463:Works by Florbela Espanca
28:
222:. Later that same year,
156:Florbela Espanca in 1910
546:People from Vila Viçosa
439:10.3167/jrs.2009.090101
420:"Editors' introduction"
526:Portuguese women poets
248:As Máscaras do Destino
234:Livro de Soror Saudade
192:
157:
586:Drug-related suicides
190:
183:Later life and career
155:
53:Vila Viçosa, Portugal
551:Suicides in Portugal
536:Portuguese feminists
531:Portuguese agnostics
212:University of Lisbon
69:Matosinhos, Portugal
556:20th-century poets
318:Portuguese Writers
193:
158:
467:Project Gutenberg
197:Redondo, Portugal
191:Florbela Espanca.
116:
115:
593:
502:
501:
486:Internet Archive
450:
449:
424:
415:
409:
408:
387:
381:
380:
353:
342:
341:
321:
311:
280:Charneca em Flor
272:Charneca em Flor
256:Charneca em Flor
240:Charneca em Flor
208:secondary school
139:
135:
129:
124:
119:Florbela Espanca
65:
49:
47:
33:
23:Florbela Espanca
19:
601:
600:
596:
595:
594:
592:
591:
590:
571:Symbolist poets
506:
505:
499:
459:
454:
453:
422:
417:
416:
412:
402:
389:
388:
384:
355:
354:
345:
330:
313:
312:
293:
288:
264:
252:pulmonary edema
225:Livro de Mágoas
185:
150:
142:Fernando Pessoa
137:
131:
122:
67:
63:
62:8 December 1930
51:
50:8 December 1894
45:
43:
42:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
599:
597:
589:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
508:
507:
504:
503:
488:
479:
469:
458:
457:External links
455:
452:
451:
410:
400:
382:
370:10.2307/344263
364:(4): 978–982,
343:
328:
290:
289:
287:
284:
263:
260:
220:mental illness
184:
181:
149:
146:
114:
113:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
66:(aged 36)
60:
56:
55:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
598:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
521:1930 suicides
519:
517:
514:
513:
511:
496:
492:
489:
487:
483:
480:
477:
473:
470:
468:
464:
461:
460:
456:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
421:
414:
411:
407:
403:
401:85-336-0566-8
397:
393:
386:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
352:
350:
348:
344:
339:
335:
331:
329:9780787668242
325:
320:
319:
310:
308:
306:
304:
302:
300:
298:
296:
292:
285:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
261:
259:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
241:
236:
235:
229:
227:
226:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
201:O livro D'ele
198:
189:
182:
180:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
154:
147:
145:
143:
134:
128:
120:
112:
108:
107:Parnassianism
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
70:
61:
57:
54:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
430:
426:
413:
405:
391:
385:
361:
357:
317:
279:
275:
271:
268:barbiturates
265:
255:
247:
245:
238:
232:
230:
223:
205:
200:
194:
179:, Portugal.
173:full brother
170:
159:
132:
118:
117:
64:(1930-12-08)
576:1930 deaths
516:1894 births
162:Vila Viçosa
123:Portuguese:
85:Nationality
510:Categories
476:Faded Page
286:References
276:Reliquiare
171:Espanca's
148:Early life
89:Portuguese
75:Occupation
46:1894-12-08
447:1752-2331
338:1096-8547
111:Symbolism
98:1903–1930
495:LibriVox
478:(Canada)
166:Portugal
484:at the
433:: 1–6,
216:Algarve
130:; born
445:
398:
378:344263
376:
336:
326:
95:Period
423:(PDF)
374:JSTOR
177:Évora
103:Genre
443:ISSN
396:ISBN
334:ISSN
324:ISBN
79:Poet
59:Died
38:Born
493:at
474:at
465:at
435:doi
366:doi
512::
441:,
429:,
425:,
404:.
372:,
362:73
360:,
346:^
332:.
294:^
282:.
270:.
258:.
164:,
136:,
109:,
437::
431:9
368::
340:.
121:(
48:)
44:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
