Florentine painting

1069: 872: 437: 613: 1380: 991: 1222: 1006: 1272: 31: 452: 743: 412:. Each panel shows some strongly classicising motifs indicating the direction that art and philosophy were moving, at that time. Ghiberti has used the naked figure of Isaac to create a small sculpture in the Classical style. He kneels on a tomb decorated with acanthus scrolls that are also a reference to the art of Ancient Rome. In Brunelleschi's panel, one of the additional figures included in the scene is reminiscent of a well-known Roman bronze figure of a boy pulling a thorn from his foot. Brunelleschi's creation is challenging in its dynamic intensity. Less elegant than Ghiberti's, it is more about human drama and impending tragedy. 1584: 530: 1214:". But it was first and foremost as a painter that he was admired within his own time, and as a painter, he drew on the knowledge that he gained from all his other interests. Leonardo was a scientific observer. He learned by looking at things. He studied and drew the flowers of the fields, the eddies of the river, the form of the rocks and mountains, the way light reflected from foliage and sparkled in a jewel. In particular, he studied the human form, dissecting thirty or more unclaimed 145: 1536:(Raphael's head assistant) were moving in similarly stylized aesthetic directions in Rome. These artists had matured under the influence of the High Renaissance, and their style has been characterized as a reaction to or exaggerated extension of it. Instead of studying nature directly, younger artists began studying Hellenistic sculpture and paintings of masters past. Therefore, this style was described by art historian 279: 48: 5095: 1488: 674: 1423:

Ghirlandaio, the realism and lighting of Leonardo and the powerful draughtsmanship of Michelangelo became unified in the paintings of Raphael. In his short life he executed a number of large altarpieces, an impressive Classical fresco of the sea nymph, Galatea, outstanding portraits with two popes and a famous writer among them, and, while Michelangelo was painting the

1037:. Whereas both tempera and fresco lent themselves to the depiction of pattern, neither presented a successful way to represent natural textures realistically. The highly flexibly medium of oils, which could be made opaque or transparent, and allowed alteration and additions for days after it had been laid down, opened a new world of possibility to Italian artists. 595:, demonstrated his mastery over linear perspective and also over the science of light. Another painting exists, a cityscape, by an unknown artist, perhaps Piero della Francesca, that demonstrates the sort of experiment that Brunelleschi had been making. From this time linear perspective was understood and regularly employed, such as by 1376:'s name is synonymous with the High Renaissance, although he was younger than Michelangelo by 18 years and Leonardo by almost 30. It cannot be said of him that he greatly advanced the state of painting as his two famous contemporaries did. Rather, his work was the culmination of all the developments of the High Renaissance. 1315:, and their leader Peter as first Bishop of Rome, that make that bridge. But Michelangelo's scheme went the opposite direction. The theme of Michelangelo's ceiling is not God's grand plan for humanity's salvation. The theme is about humanity's disgrace. It is about why humanity and the faith needed Jesus. 1300:. Michelangelo, who had yielded to the Pope's demands with little grace, soon devised an entirely different scheme, far more complex both in design and in iconography. The scale of the work, which he executed single handed except for manual assistance, was titanic and took nearly five years to complete. 419:

took 27 years to complete, after which he was commissioned to make another. In the total of 50 years that Ghiberti worked on them, the doors provided a training ground for many of the artists of Florence. Being narrative in subject and employing not only skill in arranging figurative compositions but

1574:

in the Medici court, although his work is now generally seen as straining after the impact that Michelangelo's work has, and failing to achieve it. This had become a common fault in Florentine painting by the decades after 1530, as many painters tried to emulate the giants of the High Renaissance.

1139:

The remaining 12 pictures indicate the virtuosity that these artists had attained, and the obvious cooperation between individuals who normally employed very different styles and skills. The paintings gave full range to their capabilities as they included a great number of figures of men, women and

324:

The 13th century witnessed an increase in demand for religious panel painting, particularly altarpieces, although the reason for this is obscure, early 14th-century Tuscan painters and woodworkers created altarpieces which were more elaborate, multipanelled pieces with complex framing. Contracts of

888:

In Florence, in the later 15th century, most works of art, even those that were done as decoration for churches, were generally commissioned and paid for by private patrons. Much of the patronage came from the Medici family, or those who were closely associated with or related to them, such as the

1050:

at the behest of the Portinari family, it was shipped out from Bruges and installed in the Chapel of Sant' Egidio at the hospital of Santa Maria Nuova. The altarpiece glows with intense reds and greens, contrasting with the glossy black velvet robes of the Portinari donors. In the foreground is a

493:

More than any other artist, Masaccio recognized the implications in the work of Giotto. He carried forward the practice of painting from nature. His paintings demonstrate an understanding of anatomy, of foreshortening, of linear perspective, of light and the study of drapery. Among his works, the

664:

he demonstrates a knowledge of how light is proportionally disseminated from its point of origin. There are two sources of light in this painting, one internal to a building and the other external. Of the internal source, though the light itself is invisible, its position can be calculated with

1422:

Raphael was a carefree character who unashamedly drew on the skills of the renowned painters whose lifespans encompassed his. In his works the individual qualities of numerous different painters are drawn together. The rounded forms and luminous colours of Perugino, the lifelike portraiture of

1055:

of flowers in contrasting containers, one of glazed pottery and the other of glass. The glass vase alone was enough to excite attention. But the most influential aspect of the triptych was the extremely natural and lifelike quality of the three shepherds with stubbly beards, workworn hands and

824:

or birthing-tray, on which a new mother served sweetmeats to the female friends who visited her after the birth. The rest of the time these seem to have been hung in the bedroom. Both sides are painted, one with scenes to encourage the mother during the pregnancy, often showing a naked male

320:

churches, and was to influence Florentine painters in the following centuries. While some were traditional compositions such as those dealing with the order's founder and early saints, others, such as scenes of recent events, people and places, had no precedent, allowing for invention.

1174:

is remarkable for the clarity and simplicity of its composition, the beauty of the figurative painting, which includes a self-portrait among the onlookers, and especially the perspective cityscape which includes reference to Peter's ministry to Rome by the presence of two

1460:

But the main source of Raphael's popularity was not his major works, but his small Florentine pictures of the Madonna and Christ Child. Over and over he painted the same plump calm-faced blonde woman and her succession of chubby babies, the most famous probably being

654:. Both here and on the four heads of prophets that he painted around the inner clockface in the cathedral, he used strongly contrasting tones, suggesting that each figure was being lit by a natural light source, as if the source was an actual window in the cathedral. 341:

on a Florentine altar. The guilds, cognizant of the stimulus that external craftmanship brought, made it easy for artists from other areas to work in Florence. Sculptors had their own guild which held minor status, and by 1316 painters were members of the influential

739:. Small Madonnas for the home were the bread and butter work of most painting workshops, often largely produced by the junior members following a model by the master. Public buildings and government offices also often contained these or other religious paintings. 1247:

Simultaneous to inviting the viewer into a mysterious world of shifting shadows, chaotic mountains and whirling torrents, Leonardo achieved a degree of realism in the expression of human emotion, prefigured by Giotto but unknown since Masaccio's

908:, which focused on humanity as the centre of the natural universe, on each person's personal relationship with God, and on fraternal or "platonic" love as being the closest that a person could get to emulating or understanding the love of God. 1330:, it really looks as if God himself had designed the figure, rather than Michelangelo. But despite the beauty of the individual figures, Michelangelo has not glorified the human state, and he certainly has not presented the Humanist ideal of 346:. The guilds themselves became significant patrons of art and from the early 14th century various major guilds oversaw the upkeep and improvement of individual religious buildings; all the guilds were involved in the restoration of 501:, painted on the side of the arch into the chapel, are renowned for their realistic depiction of the human form and of human emotion. They contrast with the gentle and pretty figures painted by Masolino on the opposite side of 1402:

Raphael had the good luck to be born the son of a painter, so his career path, unlike that of Michelangelo who was the son of minor nobility, was decided without a quarrel. Some years after his father's death he worked in the

1334:. In fact, the ancestors of Christ, which he painted around the upper section of the wall, demonstrate all the worst aspects of family relationships, displaying dysfunction in as many different forms as there are families. 424:, the doors were to have an enormous influence on the development of Florentine pictorial art. They were a unifying factor, a source of pride and camaraderie for both the city and its artists. Michelangelo was to call them 1540:

as "anti-classical”, yet at the time it was considered a natural progression from the High Renaissance. The earliest experimental phase of Mannerism, known for its "anti-classical" forms, lasted until about 1540 or 1550.

179:, who carried the new ideas of Gothic sculpture into the Tuscan vernacular, forming figures of unprecedented naturalism. This was echoed in the work of Pisan painters in the 12th and 13th centuries, notably that of 1199:, but in the early 16th century the most important artists were attracted to Rome, where the largest commissions began to be. In part this was following the Medici, some of whom became cardinals and even the pope. 700:

worldwide, was particularly evoked in Florence, where there was a miraculous image of her on a column in the corn market and where both the Cathedral of "Our Lady of the Flowers" and the large Dominican church of

131:

were attracted to Rome, where the largest commissions then were. In part this was following the Medici, some of whom became cardinals and even the pope. A similar process affected later Florentine artists. By

1345:

after Michelangelo had downed his brush and stormed off to Bologna in a temper, painted at least two figures in imitation of Michelangelo's prophets, one at the church of Sant' Agostino and the other in the

198:, which began around 1225. Although Venentian artists were involved in the project, the Tuscan artists created expressive, lively scenes, showing emotional content unlike the prevailing Byzantine tradition. 1606:, Florence was no longer the most important centre of painting in Italy, but was important nonetheless. Leading artists born in the city, and who, unlike others, spent much of their careers there, include 1566: 325:

the time note that clients often had a woodwork shape in mind when commissioning an artist, and discussed the religious figures to be depicted with the artists. The content of the narrative scenes in

1263:

Apart from the direct impact of the works themselves, Leonardo's studies of light, anatomy, landscape, and human expression were disseminated in part through his generosity to a retinue of students.

353:

The naturalism developed by the early Florentine artists waned during the third quarter of the 14th century, likely as a consequence of the plague. Major commissions, such as the altarpiece for the

1093:

in his honour, appears to have been planned from the start to have a series of 16 large frescoes between its pilasters on the middle level, with a series of painted portraits of popes above them.

4937: 1256:, painted in the refectory of a monastery in Milan, became the benchmark for religious narrative painting for the next half millennium. Many other Renaissance artists painted versions of 950:, a meticulous and accurate draughtsman and one of the finest portrait painters of his age, executed two cycles of frescoes for Medici associates in two of Florence's larger churches, the 329:

panels however are rarely mentioned in the contracts and may have been left to the artists concerned. Florentine churches commissioned many Sienese artists to create altar pieces, such as

915:

period, everything related to the Classical period was perceived as associated with paganism. In the Renaissance it came increasingly to be associated with enlightenment. The figures of

251:, shows a development of the naturalistic space and form, and may not have been originally intended as altarpieces. Panels of the Virgin were used at top of rood screens, as at the 3562: 304:

Giotto's sense of light would have been influenced by the frescoes he had seen while working in Rome, and in his narrative wall paintings, particularly those commissioned by the

1864:, but it is an older, grey-haired man, while Sodoma was in his 30s. Moreover, it strongly resembles several self-portraits of Perugino, who would have been about 60 at the time. 778:. Later the leading purveyor was Botticelli and his workshop who produced large numbers of Madonnas for churches, homes, and also public buildings. He introduced a large round 849:. They often copied the style of painters, or drawings supplied by them. Botticelli was one of the first to experiment with drawings for book illustrations, in his case of 1060:

promptly painted his own version, with a beautiful Italian Madonna in place of the long-faced Flemish one, and himself, gesturing theatrically, as one of the shepherds.

377:, synonymous with the Early Renaissance; however, they are not paintings. At that date a competition was held to find an artist to create a pair of bronze doors for the 1479:

windows, has come, in the 21st century, to provide the iconic image of two small cherubs which has been reproduced on everything from paper table napkins to umbrellas.

1148:. Because of the scale of the figures that the artists agreed upon, in each picture, the landscape and sky take up the whole upper half of the scene. Sometimes, as in 1074: 2033: 1518:, are notable for elongated forms, precariously balanced poses, a collapsed perspective, irrational settings, and theatrical lighting. As the leader of the First 308:, his figures are placed in naturalistic space and possess dimension and dramatic expression. A similar approach to light was used by his contemporaries such as 974:

there was room for portraits of patrons and of the patrons' patrons. Thanks to Sassetti's patronage, there is a portrait of the man himself, with his employer,

931:

herself. We see Venus in both these roles in the two famous tempera paintings that Botticelli did in the 1480s for Cosimo's nephew, Pierfrancesco Medici, the

1210:, because of the scope of his interests and the extraordinary degree of talent that he demonstrated in so many diverse areas, is regarded as the archetypal " 982:. In the Tornabuoni Chapel is another portrait of Poliziano, accompanied by the other influential members of the Platonic Academy including Marsilio Ficino. 3925: 1560:(d.1572), a pupil of Pontormo, was mostly a court portraitist for the Medici court, in a somewhat frigid formal Mannerist style. In the same generation, 4432: 1170: 727:

were a very popular art form in Florence. They took every shape from small mass-produced terracotta plaques to magnificent altarpieces such as those by

1158: 436: 618: 591: 553:

who both theorised about the subject. Brunelleschi is known to have done a number of careful studies of the piazza and octagonal baptistery outside

30: 1260:, but only Leonardo's was destined to be reproduced countless times in wood, alabaster, plaster, lithograph, tapestry, crochet and table-carpets. 863:

himself; in its size and sophistication this took the Italian print to new levels, and remains one of the most famous prints of the Renaissance.

2450: 4714: 3652: 3249: 2683: 1296:

was constructed in such a way that there were twelve sloping pendentives supporting the vault that formed ideal surfaces on which to paint the

642:, a hundred years later, experimented with the dramatic effect of light in some of his almost monochrome frescoes. He did a number of these in 2734: 378: 252: 195: 152: 1437:

This fresco depicts a meeting of all the most learned ancient Athenians, gathered in a grand classical setting around the central figure of

482:

in the chapel of the Brancacci family, at the Carmelite Church in Florence. They both were called by the name of Tommaso and were nicknamed

2294: 578:

was so obsessed with perspective that he thought of little else and experimented with it in many paintings, the best known being the three

202:

is said to have been responsible for the central figure of Christ and is the earliest Florentine artist involved in the project. Like the

4439: 3891: 3015: 2416: 2361: 2026: 601: 361:, whose work, and in that of his brothers, are more iconic in their treatment of figures and have an earlier sense of compressed space. 1570:, which had an enormous and lasting effect in establishing the reputation of the Florentine School. But he was the leading painter of 742: 400:. The competitors, of which there were seven young artists, were each to design a bronze panel of similar shape and size, representing 4069: 2920: 334: 297: 4148: 4143: 2479: 1978: 1949: 1941: 1794: 1379: 1583: 1244:, he used light and shade with such subtlety that, for want of a better word, it became known as Leonardo's "sfumato" or "smoke". 385:

style. The interior of its dome is decorated with an enormous mosaic figure of Christ in Majesty thought to have been designed by

3154: 2406: 5119: 4574: 4047: 2338: 2254: 877: 858: 222: 39: 1989: 5139: 4327: 3876: 2355: 2064: 2019: 2001: 541:

During the first half of the 15th century, the achieving of the effect of realistic space in a painting by the employment of

230: 3416: 3169: 5134: 5124: 4798: 4170: 4011: 3839: 2644: 2556: 2529: 1654: 1027: 370: 1411:, an excellent painter and a superb technician. His first signed and dated painting, executed at the age of 21, is the 582:

pictures which use broken weapons on the ground, and fields on the distant hills to give an impression of perspective.

194:

The oldest extant large scale Florentine pictorial project is the mosaic decoration of the interior of the dome of the

4459: 2826: 1644: 871: 646:

or "green earth", enlivening his compositions with touches of vermilion. The best known is his equestrian portrait of

373:. The earliest truly Renaissance images in Florence date from 1401, the first year of the century known in Italian as 4113: 1068: 4756: 4372: 4195: 3569: 3183: 3159: 2712: 2671: 2384: 1905: 3955: 3834: 3790: 3198: 2841: 2809: 4702: 4357: 4200: 4185: 3996: 3866: 3740: 3532: 3487: 3448: 3389: 3360: 2760: 3856: 2656: 708:

The miraculous image in the corn market was destroyed by fire, but replaced with a new image in the 1330s by

4880: 4217: 4057: 4001: 3989: 3812: 3807: 3367: 2971: 2814: 2729: 2595: 2389: 1970: 1519: 612: 382: 1337:

Vasari praised Michelangelo's seemingly infinite powers of invention in creating postures for the figures.

5098: 4991: 4639: 4589: 4549: 4512: 4412: 4052: 3372: 3350: 3210: 2524: 2519: 1627: 1424: 1293: 854: 746: 4629: 4604: 4569: 4505: 4427: 4205: 4180: 4160: 3795: 3674: 3579: 2138: 2060: 1933: 1639: 1030: 697: 657: 586: 550: 1900: 1537: 1996:. New York, Princeton: The Metropolitan Museum of Art in association with Princeton University Press. 638:

in his nocturnal scene in the Baroncelli Chapel demonstrated how light could be used to create drama.

5129: 4751: 4332: 4101: 4006: 3800: 3730: 3646: 3520: 3323: 3299: 3149: 2949: 2639: 2474: 2379: 2313: 2244: 2163: 2153: 2143: 2101: 1925: 1785: 1529: 1352: 1277: 1101: 1057: 1042: 975: 947: 933: 579: 546: 409: 389:. It has three large portals, the central one being filled at that time by a set of doors created by 109: 4974: 4559: 4475: 4444: 4322: 4297: 4285: 4086: 3972: 3819: 3492: 3164: 2770: 2707: 2693: 2491: 2469: 2011: 1240: 959: 916: 905: 702: 693: 568: 396:

Pisano's doors were divided into 28 quatrefoil compartments, containing narratives scenes from the

386: 199: 786:'s Madonnas and saints are known for their sweetness and a number of small Madonnas attributed to 5016: 4719: 4624: 4564: 4307: 4229: 4165: 3979: 3940: 3896: 3783: 3735: 3684: 3611: 3438: 3225: 3000: 2874: 2804: 2666: 2661: 2438: 2203: 2168: 1985: 1511: 775: 651: 554: 542: 421: 5074: 4255: 3935: 1232:

More than any other artist, he advanced the study of "atmosphere". In his paintings such as the

1221: 559: 1132:

between them. These paintings, all by Perugino, were later destroyed to paint Michelangelo's

451: 4744: 4697: 4667: 4527: 4397: 4312: 4302: 4118: 3967: 3950: 3824: 3443: 3421: 3406: 3377: 3330: 3193: 3139: 3129: 3010: 2981: 2688: 2600: 2590: 2577: 2566: 2229: 2178: 2158: 2133: 2089: 1997: 1974: 1945: 1937: 1790: 1623: 1607: 1587: 1442: 1365: 1207: 1047: 955: 920: 787: 767: 724: 514: 381:, the oldest remaining church in the city. The Baptistry is a large octagonal building in the 282: 144: 85: 1303:

The Pope's plan for the Apostles would thematically have formed a pictorial link between the

312:, their attention to naturalism was encouraged by the subjects commissioned for 14th-century 5080: 5026: 4984: 4687: 4480: 4025: 3903: 3616: 3599: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3465: 3411: 3134: 3079: 2976: 2944: 2915: 2794: 2787: 2782: 2755: 2617: 2612: 2289: 2126: 2050: 1615: 1595: 1571: 1515: 1507: 1430: 1386: 1347: 1271: 1196: 1086: 979: 834: 506: 473: 405: 330: 243: 133: 120: 89: 77: 275:

do, however, retain the earlier stylism of showing light on drapery as a network of lines.

5053: 5001: 4858: 4783: 4707: 4532: 4522: 4417: 4402: 4382: 4265: 4175: 4138: 4123: 3871: 3778: 3720: 3542: 3537: 3294: 3263: 3215: 2905: 2836: 2821: 2649: 2627: 2548: 2496: 2486: 2458: 2411: 2394: 2318: 2259: 2249: 2193: 2188: 1649: 1611: 1491: 1471: 1312: 1297: 1105: 1097: 951: 893: 510: 416: 358: 317: 176: 2885: 1089:

in which many of the papal services were held. The interior of the new chapel, named the

5063: 5031: 4979: 4927: 4910: 4900: 4828: 4490: 4367: 4337: 4234: 4222: 4096: 4030: 3962: 3829: 3725: 3428: 3124: 3107: 3064: 3005: 2869: 2799: 2513: 2506: 2428: 2345: 2198: 1912: 1659: 1603: 1561: 1542: 1457:

in the Sistine Chapel. His own portrait is to the right, beside his teacher, Perugino.

1391: 1285: 1176: 1090: 1082: 939: 820: 792: 751: 709: 606: 354: 309: 203: 63: 1096:

In 1480, a group of artists from Florence was commissioned with the work: Botticelli,

990: 665:

mathematical certainty. Leonardo da Vinci was to carry forward Piero's work on light.

278: 47: 5113: 4964: 4932: 4793: 4788: 4771: 4599: 4594: 4579: 4554: 4544: 4495: 4449: 4155: 4133: 4064: 3930: 3759: 3662: 3638: 3621: 3594: 3589: 3574: 3355: 3345: 3340: 3244: 2993: 2954: 2893: 2719: 2676: 2374: 2306: 2148: 2042: 1533: 1476: 1395: 1331: 1308: 1304: 919:

began to take on a new symbolic role in Christian art and in particular, the Goddess

647: 639: 575: 390: 226: 207: 180: 172: 101: 59: 34: 1156:, there are additional small narratives taking place in the landscape, in this case 5043: 4996: 4952: 4942: 4905: 4875: 4838: 4813: 4803: 4766: 4609: 4392: 4260: 3984: 3913: 3710: 3633: 3499: 3384: 3335: 3239: 3220: 3188: 3085: 3025: 3020: 2765: 2585: 2423: 2281: 2264: 2224: 2219: 2173: 2111: 1525: 1487: 1450: 1369: 1323: 1289: 1005: 923:

took on a new discretion. Born fully formed, by a sort of miracle, she was the new

797: 763: 756: 717: 682: 635: 518: 513:. Masaccio's work became a source of inspiration to many later painters, including 496: 347: 305: 293: 124: 93: 5038: 2899: 17: 4959: 4922: 4863: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4677: 4672: 4614: 4539: 4517: 4454: 4407: 4347: 4317: 4239: 4081: 3919: 3908: 3881: 3851: 3715: 3689: 3606: 3527: 3515: 3470: 3460: 3455: 3433: 3394: 3230: 3205: 3178: 3119: 3090: 3052: 2959: 2927: 2879: 2607: 2535: 2328: 2269: 2183: 2121: 2081: 1619: 978:, and Lorenzo's three sons with their tutor, the Humanist poet and philosopher, 928: 838: 779: 529: 105: 825:

toddler; viewing positive images was believed to promote the outcome depicted.

5006: 4833: 4818: 4778: 4724: 4692: 4584: 4422: 4377: 4270: 4076: 3886: 3754: 3475: 3277: 3069: 3057: 2910: 2831: 2698: 2464: 2369: 2323: 2301: 2116: 2106: 2094: 2046: 1522:, Rosso was a major force in the introduction of Renaissance style to France. 1446: 1311:

narratives on the walls, and the popes in the gallery of portraits. It is the

1149: 1125: 1052: 802: 771: 673: 313: 97: 762:

Among those who painted devotional Madonnas during the Early Renaissance are

509:

was left incomplete when Masaccio died at 26. The work was later finished by

5068: 5058: 5021: 4853: 4843: 4823: 4808: 4649: 4619: 4352: 4275: 3694: 3480: 3317: 3074: 2775: 2724: 2622: 2433: 2239: 2210: 1861: 1503: 1234: 1184: 1180: 1145: 1034: 846: 842: 338: 1549:

that Raphael's premature death marked the beginning of Mannerism in Rome.

1322:

construction. The figures are of superhuman dimension and, in the case of

218:, sometimes attributed to Coppo, the Christ figure has a sense of volume. 5048: 4969: 4917: 4848: 4761: 4682: 4634: 4500: 4485: 4342: 4280: 4212: 4106: 4091: 3765: 3679: 3669: 3657: 3401: 3256: 2864: 2561: 2501: 2333: 1557: 1454: 1408: 1342: 1319: 1211: 1165: 912: 897: 783: 736: 596: 487: 483: 326: 188: 113: 81: 4387: 4190: 4128: 3945: 3844: 3584: 3311: 3306: 3144: 3032: 2988: 2750: 2445: 1373: 1338: 1215: 1179:, and centrally placed an octagonal building that might be a Christian 1141: 807: 728: 713: 357:(dating from around 1354–57) in Santa Maria Novella, were entrusted to 215: 184: 160: 128: 92:. Some of the best known painters of the earlier Florentine School are 51: 1292:

to agree to continue the decorative scheme of the Sistine Chapel. The

716:. The open lower storey of the building was enclosed and dedicated as 545:

was a major preoccupation of many painters, as well as the architects

123:, but in the early 16th century the most important artists, including 5011: 4870: 4644: 4362: 4292: 3861: 3773: 3628: 2859: 2401: 1466: 1427:, a series of wall frescoes in the Vatican chambers nearby, of which 1404: 1327: 882: 732: 631: 285: 256: 248: 234: 148: 1545:, professor of art history at Temple University, notes in her book 622:

demonstrates the artist's control over both perspective and light.

136:, the many painters working in Florence were rarely major figures. 3095: 2350: 2234: 1582: 1438: 1378: 1270: 1220: 1116:

on the other with the frescoes complementing each other in theme.

1067: 927:, symbol of innocent love, or even, by extension, a symbol of the 901: 870: 850: 741: 686: 672: 611: 557:

and it is thought he aided Masaccio in the creation of his famous

528: 333:, who was asked to paint a large scale work for the altar for the 277: 211: 168: 143: 27:

Naturalistic painting style developed in the 14th century Florence

1725:

Peter Murray and Pier Luigi Vecchi, Piero della Francesca, (1967)

1056:

expressions ranging from adoration to wonder to incomprehension.

4947: 3749: 712:, set in an elaborately designed and lavishly wrought canopy by 164: 2015: 1567:

Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects

1140:

children and characters ranging from guiding angels to enraged

1033:

and possibly earlier, artists were introduced to the medium of

221:

Similar works were commissioned for the Florentine churches of

924: 1453:, and is a reference to the latter's painting of the Prophet 1218:

from a hospital in order to understand muscles and sinews.

175:

showed his appreciation of Classical forms as did his son,

4938:

Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation

892:

In the 1460s Cosimo de' Medici the Elder had established

800:

who was primarily a sculptor, was persuaded to paint the

478:

In 1426 two artists commenced painting a fresco cycle of

1564:(d. 1574) is far better remembered as the author of the 857:

was a goldsmith as well as a printer, and engraved his

1714:

Paolo Uccello, Domenico Veneziano, Andrea del Castagno

1415:, which immediately reveals its origins in Perugino's 810:, they are among his most popular and numerous works. 369:

Florence continued to be the most important centre of

1449:

who sits by a large block of stone, is a portrait of

1789:, (1568), 1965 edition, trans George Bull, Penguin, 1465:("The Madonna of the Beautiful Garden"), now in the 1124:

were adjacent on the wall behind the altar, with an

187:, and through him Giotto and the early 14th-century 84:

in the 14th century, largely through the efforts of

4893: 4658: 4468: 4248: 4040: 4024: 3703: 3508: 3287: 3276: 3106: 3043: 2936: 2852: 2743: 2547: 2280: 2080: 2071: 1932:, pp. 175–177, 3rd edition, New Haven and London: 1904: 1849:Harrap's Illustrated Dictionary of Art and Artists 1326:, of such beauty that according to the biographer 1026:From about 1450, with the arrival in Italy of the 818:A Florentine speciality was the round or 12-sided 1992:The Robert Lehman Collection I, Italian Paintings 537:shows his experiments with perspective and light. 233:in the late 13th century and early 14th century. 76:refers to artists in, from, or influenced by the 1907:Mannerism and Anti-Mannerism in Italian Painting 1144:and the devil himself. Each painting required a 900:philosopher, and facilitated his translation of 88:, and in the 15th century the leading school of 415:Ghiberti won the competition. His first set of 2027: 833:From around the mid-century, Florence became 8: 889:Sassetti, the Ruccellai and the Tornabuoni. 404:. Two of the panels have survived, that by 660:carried his study of light further. In the 239:Madonna with Child enthroned and six Angels 4037: 3284: 2077: 2034: 2020: 2012: 1441:, whom Raphael has famously modelled upon 1350:, his portrait of Michelangelo himself in 503:Adam and Eve receiving the forbidden fruit 247:, for the Santa Maria Novella, now in the 171:, formed the basis for later development. 1679: 1677: 1675: 1506:in Florence, especially the students of 1486: 1085:replaced the derelict old chapel at the 206:of the Virgin and Child painted for the 183:, who in turn influenced such greats as 46: 29: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1671: 4715:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art 1965:"Florence Art life and organization", 2735:Art of the late 16th century in Milan 1860:Some sources identify this figure as 1804: 1802: 1733: 1731: 1394:to decorate a suite now known as the 163:art, produced in the 13th century in 155:in Florence, dating from around 1225. 7: 1695: 1693: 1967:The Oxford Companion to Western Art 1195:Florence was the birthplace of the 1171:Christ Giving the Keys to St. Peter 602:Christ Giving the Keys to St. Peter 337:, which may have been the earliest 119:Florence was the birthplace of the 4070:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism 2921:Neoclassical architecture in Milan 1821:Gabriel Bartz and Eberhard König, 1592:Judith with the Head of Holofernes 1288:succeeded in getting the sculptor 1108:. This fresco cycle was to depict 253:Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi 25: 4144:American Figurative Expressionism 2480:International Gothic art in Italy 1701:Masaccio and the Brancacci Chapel 1475:, used as a design for countless 841:, as some of the many Florentine 525:Development of linear perspective 58:, c. 1285, once in the church of 5094: 5093: 3653:Neue Künstlervereinigung München 1498:, 1528; Santa Felicità, Florence 1318:Superficially, the ceiling is a 1046:arrived in Florence. Painted by 1004: 989: 450: 435: 4575:Tunisian collaborative painting 4048:International Typographic Style 1630:and did much work in the city. 1417:Christ giving the Keys to Peter 1112:on one side of the chapel, and 1075:Christ Giving the Keys to Peter 490:, Slovenly Tom and Little Tom. 4328:The Caribbean Artists Movement 1988:; Kanter, Laurence B. (1987). 1043:the Adoration of the Shepherds 634:used tonality to create form. 535:The Presentation of the Virgin 1: 2684:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance 1685:Renaissance and Mannerist Art 1341:, who was given a preview by 1154:The Purification of the Leper 1114:Stories of the Life of Christ 1040:In 1475 a huge altarpiece of 420:also the burgeoning skill of 365:Early Renaissance, after 1400 255:, which has the panel in the 4799:Modern European ink painting 4171:Bay Area Figurative Movement 1930:Painting in Italy, 1500–1600 1875:Raphael, the Life and Legacy 1769:Giacometti, Massimo (1986). 1110:Stories of the Life of Moses 845:turned to making plates for 371:Italian Renaissance painting 261:Verification of the Stigmata 4460:Artificial intelligence art 1888:Raphael, his Life and Works 1812:, Sydney University, (1982) 749:, 1420, typical verso of a 5156: 4373:Post-painterly abstraction 4196:Situationist International 3570:Pennsylvania Impressionism 1810:The Vision of Michelangelo 592:The Flagellation of Christ 471: 344:Arte dei Medici e Speziali 5089: 3956:California Scene Painting 3835:California Scene Painting 3791:Figurative Constructivism 2842:Poussinists and Rubenists 2058: 1847:Diana Davies, "Raphael", 1683:R.E. Wolf and R. Millen, 1445:. The brooding figure of 1434:is uniquely significant. 1159:The Temptations of Christ 962:. In these cycles of the 954:at Santa Trinita and the 782:format for grand homes. 705:were named in her honor. 159:The earliest distinctive 5054:Prehistoric European art 4703:Contemporary African art 4186:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai 4114:Generación de la Ruptura 3741:Universal Constructivism 3533:California Impressionism 3488:American Barbizon school 1130:Assumption of the Virgin 1064:Papal commission in Rome 998:The Portinari Altarpiece 972:Life of John the Baptist 829:Painting and printmaking 499:being expelled from Eden 398:Life of John the Baptist 269:Madonna of Santa Trinita 56:Madonna of Santa Trinita 4881:Walking Artists Network 4218:Letterist International 4058:Washington Color School 2972:Arts in the Philippines 1971:Oxford University Press 1969:. Ed. Hugh Brigstocke. 1739:Lorenzo the Magnificent 1520:School of Fontainebleau 1469:. His larger work, the 1413:Betrothal of the Virgin 1013:The Sassetti Altarpiece 968:Life of the Virgin Mary 837:of the new industry of 616:Piero della Francesca: 589:, in paintings such as 335:Basilica di Santa Croce 290:Mourning of St. Francis 40:Adoration in the Forest 5120:Painters from Florence 4992:Illuminated manuscript 4640:The Designers Republic 4590:Neue Slowenische Kunst 4513:Pattern and Decoration 4413:Institutional critique 4053:Abstract expressionism 3033:Latin American Baroque 2989:Colonial Asian Baroque 1737:Hugh Ross Williamson, 1628:Grand Duchy of Tuscany 1599: 1499: 1425:Sistine Chapel ceiling 1399: 1294:Sistine Chapel ceiling 1281: 1229: 1078: 885: 867:Patronage and Humanism 860:Battle of the Nude Men 855:Antonio del Pollaiuolo 835:Italy's leading centre 796:, have survived. Even 759: 755:, with heraldry and a 747:Bartolomeo di Fruosino 689: 627:Understanding of light 623: 538: 505:. The painting of the 402:the Sacrifice of Isaac 393:eighty years earlier. 301: 237:panel of around 1285, 156: 66: 44: 5140:Renaissance paintings 4630:Artist-run initiative 4605:Young British Artists 4570:New European Painting 4506:Moscow Conceptualists 4428:Feminist art movement 4206:Ukrainian underground 4181:Gutai Art Association 3580:Ten American Painters 3084:Western influence in 2061:List of art movements 1934:Yale University Press 1834:Ludwig Goldschieder, 1586: 1490: 1382: 1274: 1224: 1118:The Nativity of Jesus 1071: 1031:Rogier van der Weyden 874: 745: 676: 658:Piero della Francesca 615: 587:Piero della Francesca 574:According to Vasari, 532: 480:the Life of St. Peter 426:the Gates of Paradise 379:Baptistry of St. John 281: 265:Life of Saint Francis 196:Baptistery of St John 153:Baptistery of St John 147: 50: 33: 4440:Saqqakhaneh movement 4333:Chicano art movement 4201:Soviet Nonconformist 4007:Boston Expressionism 3990:Abstraction-Création 3808:Arbeitsrat für Kunst 3801:Cologne Progressives 3521:Art Nouveau in Milan 3324:Anglo-Japanese style 3300:National romanticism 2730:Fontainebleau School 2640:Northern Renaissance 2475:International Gothic 1926:Freedberg, Sydney J. 1786:Lives of the Artists 1353:The School of Athens 1278:The Creation of Adam 1102:Domenico Ghirlandaio 1058:Domenico Ghirlandaio 976:Lorenzo il Magnifico 948:Domenico Ghirlandaio 904:and his teaching of 580:Battle of San Romano 5135:Italian Renaissance 5125:Culture in Florence 4975:Hierarchy of genres 4540:Saint Soleil School 4476:Post-conceptual art 4445:The Stars Art Group 4323:Black Arts Movement 4286:Neo-Dada Organizers 4087:Lyrical abstraction 3820:Australian tonalism 3493:California Tonalism 3165:Hudson River School 2968:Colonial Asian art 2708:English Renaissance 2657:Ghent–Bruges school 2645:Early Netherlandish 2557:Italian Renaissance 2470:Gothic art in Milan 1986:Pope-Hennessy, John 1901:Friedländer, Walter 1886:Jean-Pierre Cuzin, 1712:Annarita Paolieri, 1463:La Belle Jardinière 1241:Virgin of the Rocks 1225:Leonardo da Vinci: 996:Hugo van der Goes: 960:Santa Maria Novella 917:Classical mythology 906:Platonic philosophy 703:Santa Maria Novella 694:Blessed Virgin Mary 569:Santa Maria Novella 387:Coppo di Marcovaldo 223:Santa Maria Novella 200:Coppo di Marcovaldo 80:style developed in 70:Florentine painting 5017:Landscape painting 4625:New Leipzig School 4565:Neo-conceptual art 4313:Art & Language 4308:Capitalist realism 4230:Florida Highwaymen 4166:Hard-edge painting 3980:Streamline Moderne 3941:Harlem Renaissance 3784:Novecento Italiano 3612:Deutscher Werkbund 3439:Post-Impressionism 3001:Latin American art 2805:Guild of Romanists 2667:German Renaissance 2662:Northern Mannerism 1771:The Sistine Chapel 1600: 1538:Walter Friedländer 1512:Jacopo da Pontormo 1500: 1400: 1390:, commissioned by 1282: 1230: 1079: 964:Life of St Francis 886: 878:The Birth of Venus 776:Davide Ghirlandaio 760: 757:baby boy urinating 723:Depictions of the 690: 652:Florence Cathedral 624: 555:Florence Cathedral 543:linear perspective 539: 422:linear perspective 302: 157: 134:the Baroque period 67: 45: 5107: 5106: 4889: 4888: 4745:Corporate Memphis 4698:Classical Realism 4668:Amazonian pop art 4560:Appropriation art 4528:Neo-expressionism 4398:Environmental art 4303:Nouvelle tendance 4020: 4019: 3968:Socialist realism 3825:Dresden Secession 3444:Neo-Impressionism 3407:Decadent movement 3378:Heidelberg School 3272: 3271: 3170:American luminism 3155:Düsseldorf School 3150:Shoreham Ancients 3140:Nazarene movement 3130:Danish Golden Age 3011:Indochristian art 2689:Antwerp Mannerism 2578:Pittura infamante 2572:Florentine School 2567:Proto-Renaissance 1750:Umberto Baldini, 1699:Ornella Casazza, 1655:School of Ferrara 1624:Pietro da Cortona 1608:Cristofano Allori 1588:Cristofano Allori 1443:Leonardo da Vinci 1366:Leonardo da Vinci 1203:Leonardo da Vinci 1048:Hugo van der Goes 1022:Flemish influence 956:Tornabuoni Chapel 788:Leonardo da Vinci 768:Fra Filippo Lippi 725:Madonna and Child 696:, revered by the 563:niche around the 515:Leonardo da Vinci 267:cycle. Cimabue's 86:Giotto di Bondone 74:Florentine school 18:Florentine School 16:(Redirected from 5147: 5097: 5096: 5081:Western painting 5027:Modern sculpture 4985:History painting 4688:Art intervention 4481:Installation art 4298:Nouveau réalisme 4038: 4012:Leningrad School 3904:Mexican muralism 3877:Grosvenor School 3617:American Realism 3600:Der Blaue Reiter 3558:Berlin Secession 3553:Vienna Secession 3548:Munich Secession 3466:Pont-Aven School 3285: 3135:Troubadour style 3113:(c. 1770 – 1862) 3080:Qing handicrafts 3046:Western elements 2977:Letras y figuras 2950:African-American 2945:African diaspora 2916:Directoire style 2827:Heptanese school 2810:Dutch Golden Age 2795:Stroganov School 2788:Lutheran Baroque 2783:Louis XIII style 2756:Baroque in Milan 2618:Bolognese School 2613:High Renaissance 2596:Forlivese School 2591:Ferrarese School 2314:Migration Period 2078: 2036: 2029: 2022: 2013: 2007: 1953: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1910: 1897: 1891: 1884: 1878: 1873:David Thompson, 1871: 1865: 1858: 1852: 1845: 1839: 1832: 1826: 1819: 1813: 1806: 1797: 1783:Giorgio Vasari, 1781: 1775: 1774: 1766: 1755: 1748: 1742: 1735: 1726: 1723: 1717: 1710: 1704: 1697: 1688: 1681: 1645:Bolognese School 1626:was born in the 1616:Francesco Furini 1596:Royal Collection 1572:history painting 1516:Rosso Fiorentino 1508:Andrea del Sarto 1431:School of Athens 1387:School of Athens 1197:High Renaissance 1191:High Renaissance 1177:triumphal arches 1122:Finding of Moses 1008: 993: 980:Agnolo Poliziano 896:as his resident 619:The Flagellation 507:Brancacci Chapel 474:Brancacci Chapel 468:Brancacci Chapel 454: 439: 406:Lorenzo Ghiberti 331:Ugolino di Nerio 273:Rucellai Madonna 244:Rucellai Madonna 208:Servite churches 121:High Renaissance 90:Western painting 21: 5155: 5154: 5150: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5145: 5144: 5110: 5109: 5108: 5103: 5085: 5002:Interactive art 4885: 4859:SoFlo Superflat 4784:Kitsch movement 4708:Africanfuturism 4660: 4654: 4533:Transavantgarde 4464: 4418:Light and Space 4403:Performance art 4383:Psychedelic art 4266:Nueva Presencia 4256:Otra Figuración 4244: 4176:Les Plasticiens 4161:New York School 4139:Action painting 4124:Metcalf Chateau 4033: 4028: 4016: 3936:Cercle et Carré 3872:New Objectivity 3779:Return to order 3721:School of Paris 3699: 3543:School of Paris 3504: 3390:Arts and Crafts 3295:Neo-romanticism 3280: 3268: 3264:Etching revival 3216:Barbizon school 3160:Pre-Raphaelites 3112: 3109: 3102: 3045: 3039: 2932: 2906:Louis XVI style 2848: 2837:Louis XIV style 2800:Animal painting 2761:Flemish Baroque 2739: 2650:World landscape 2601:Venetian School 2543: 2530:Majorcan school 2497:Novgorod School 2487:Lucchese School 2459:Opus Anglicanum 2451:Norman-Sicilian 2395:Italo-Byzantine 2295:Early Christian 2276: 2260:Pompeian Styles 2073: 2067: 2054: 2040: 2004: 1984: 1962: 1960:Further reading 1957: 1956: 1924: 1920: 1899: 1898: 1894: 1885: 1881: 1872: 1868: 1859: 1855: 1846: 1842: 1833: 1829: 1820: 1816: 1807: 1800: 1782: 1778: 1768: 1767: 1758: 1749: 1745: 1736: 1729: 1724: 1720: 1711: 1707: 1698: 1691: 1682: 1673: 1668: 1650:Lucchese School 1640:Venetian school 1636: 1612:Matteo Rosselli 1581: 1555: 1553:Later Mannerism 1492:Jacopo Pontormo 1485: 1483:Early Mannerism 1472:Sistine Madonna 1362: 1313:twelve apostles 1298:Twelve Apostles 1269: 1258:the Last Supper 1227:The Last Supper 1212:Renaissance man 1205: 1193: 1106:Cosimo Rosselli 1098:Pietro Perugino 1066: 1028:Flemish painter 1024: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1009: 1001: 1000: 994: 952:Sassetti Chapel 894:Marsilio Ficino 869: 831: 816: 698:Catholic Church 677:One of several 671: 650:on the wall of 629: 533:Paolo Uccello: 527: 511:Filippino Lippi 476: 470: 465: 464: 463: 462: 461: 455: 447: 446: 440: 417:Baptistry doors 367: 359:Andrea di Cione 177:Giovanni Pisano 151:ceiling of the 142: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5153: 5151: 5143: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5112: 5111: 5105: 5104: 5102: 5101: 5090: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5083: 5078: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5035: 5034: 5032:Late modernism 5029: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4982: 4980:Genre painting 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4956: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4930: 4928:Ballets Russes 4925: 4920: 4915: 4914: 4913: 4911:Asemic writing 4903: 4901:History of art 4897: 4895: 4894:Related topics 4891: 4890: 4887: 4886: 4884: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4867: 4866: 4861: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4829:Relational art 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4775: 4774: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4752:Hypermodernism 4749: 4748: 4747: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4711: 4710: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4664: 4662: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4536: 4535: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4498: 4493: 4491:Postminimalism 4488: 4483: 4478: 4472: 4470: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4435: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4368:Generative art 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4338:Conceptual art 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4289: 4288: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4242: 4237: 4235:Cybernetic art 4232: 4227: 4226: 4225: 4223:Ultra-Lettrist 4220: 4210: 4209: 4208: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4152: 4151: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4110: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4097:Arte Informale 4094: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4073: 4072: 4062: 4061: 4060: 4050: 4044: 4042: 4035: 4034:(1945–present) 4022: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4014: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3993: 3992: 3982: 3977: 3976: 3975: 3970: 3963:Heroic realism 3960: 3959: 3958: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3900: 3899: 3897:Latin American 3894: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3867:Group of Seven 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3848: 3847: 3837: 3832: 3830:Social realism 3827: 3822: 3817: 3816: 3815: 3813:November Group 3805: 3804: 3803: 3798: 3788: 3787: 3786: 3776: 3771: 3770: 3769: 3757: 3752: 3747: 3746: 3745: 3744: 3743: 3736:Latin American 3731:Constructivism 3728: 3726:Crystal Cubism 3723: 3718: 3713: 3707: 3705: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3666: 3665: 3655: 3650: 3643: 3642: 3641: 3636: 3626: 3625: 3624: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3603: 3602: 3597: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3525: 3524: 3523: 3512: 3510: 3506: 3505: 3503: 3502: 3497: 3496: 3495: 3485: 3484: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3453: 3452: 3451: 3436: 3431: 3429:Volcano School 3426: 3425: 3424: 3419: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3398: 3397: 3387: 3382: 3381: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3364: 3363: 3358: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3328: 3327: 3326: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3303: 3302: 3291: 3289: 3282: 3274: 3273: 3270: 3269: 3267: 3266: 3261: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3253: 3252: 3237: 3236: 3235: 3234: 3233: 3223: 3218: 3208: 3203: 3202: 3201: 3191: 3186: 3184:Norwich School 3181: 3176: 3175: 3174: 3173: 3172: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3125:Fairy painting 3116: 3114: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3098: 3093: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3061: 3060: 3049: 3047: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3037: 3036: 3035: 3030: 3029: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3016:Chilote School 3008: 3006:Casta painting 2998: 2997: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2985: 2984: 2982:Tipos del País 2979: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2963: 2962: 2952: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2933: 2931: 2930: 2925: 2924: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2891: 2890: 2889: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2870:Louis XV style 2867: 2856: 2854: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2846: 2845: 2844: 2839: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2818: 2817: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2792: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2779: 2778: 2773: 2763: 2758: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2740: 2738: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2716: 2715: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2681: 2680: 2679: 2674: 2672:Cologne School 2664: 2659: 2654: 2653: 2652: 2637: 2636: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2583: 2582: 2581: 2574: 2569: 2553: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2532: 2527: 2525:Italian school 2516: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2507:Sienese School 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2462: 2455: 2454: 2453: 2443: 2442: 2441: 2436: 2426: 2421: 2420: 2419: 2417:Pre-Romanesque 2414: 2409: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2372: 2367: 2366: 2365: 2353: 2348: 2346:Donor portrait 2343: 2342: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2311: 2310: 2309: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2286: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2273: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2255:Julio-Claudian 2252: 2247: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2216: 2215: 2214: 2213: 2208: 2207: 2206: 2204:Greco-Buddhist 2196: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2144:Protogeometric 2141: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2104: 2099: 2098: 2097: 2086: 2084: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2059: 2056: 2055: 2041: 2039: 2038: 2031: 2024: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2002: 1982: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1918: 1913:Schocken Books 1892: 1879: 1866: 1853: 1840: 1827: 1814: 1798: 1776: 1756: 1743: 1727: 1718: 1705: 1689: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1660:Sienese School 1657: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1635: 1632: 1604:Baroque period 1580: 1577: 1562:Giorgio Vasari 1554: 1551: 1543:Marcia B. Hall 1528:(a student of 1484: 1481: 1398:in the Vatican 1392:Pope Julius II 1361: 1358: 1286:Pope Julius II 1275:Michelangelo: 1268: 1265: 1204: 1201: 1192: 1189: 1134:Last Judgement 1091:Sistine Chapel 1083:Pope Sixtus IV 1065: 1062: 1023: 1020: 1010: 1003: 1002: 995: 988: 987: 986: 985: 984: 940:Birth of Venus 868: 865: 830: 827: 821:desco da parto 815: 814:Birthing-trays 812: 793:Benois Madonna 790:, such as the 752:desco da parto 710:Bernardo Daddi 670: 667: 628: 625: 607:Sistine Chapel 567:he painted at 526: 523: 472:Main article: 469: 466: 456: 449: 448: 441: 434: 433: 432: 431: 430: 366: 363: 355:Strozzi family 310:Bernardo Daddi 249:Uffizi Gallery 141: 138: 64:Uffizi Gallery 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5152: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5100: 5092: 5091: 5088: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5024: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4977: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4965:Fantastic art 4963: 4961: 4958: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4935: 4934: 4933:Christian art 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4912: 4909: 4908: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4834:Skeuomorphism 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4794:Massurrealism 4792: 4790: 4789:Lightpainting 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4773: 4772:Post-Internet 4770: 4769: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4657: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4645:Grunge design 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4600:Retrofuturism 4598: 4596: 4595:Scratch video 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4580:Memphis Group 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4555:Telematic art 4553: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4545:Guerrilla art 4543: 4541: 4538: 4534: 4531: 4530: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4496:Endurance art 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4473: 4471: 4467: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4430: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4287: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4214: 4211: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4156:New media art 4154: 4150: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4134:Nanyang Style 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4089: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4071: 4068: 4067: 4066: 4065:Visionary art 4063: 4059: 4056: 4055: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4039: 4036: 4032: 4027: 4023: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3991: 3988: 3987: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3965: 3964: 3961: 3957: 3954: 3953: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3931:Scuola Romana 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3889: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3857:Anthropophagy 3855: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3843: 3842: 3841: 3840:Functionalism 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3814: 3811: 3810: 3809: 3806: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3793: 3792: 3789: 3785: 3782: 3781: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3762: 3761: 3760:Neoplasticism 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3742: 3739: 3738: 3737: 3734: 3733: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3702: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3664: 3663:Cubo-Futurism 3661: 3660: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3622:Ashcan School 3620: 3619: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3592: 3591: 3590:Expressionism 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3575:Mir iskusstva 3573: 3571: 3568: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3545: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3517: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3507: 3501: 3498: 3494: 3491: 3490: 3489: 3486: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3450: 3447: 3446: 3445: 3442: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3414: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3362: 3361:Boston School 3359: 3357: 3356:Hoosier Group 3354: 3353: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3347: 3346:Impressionism 3344: 3342: 3341:Peredvizhniki 3339: 3337: 3334: 3332: 3331:Beuron School 3329: 3325: 3322: 3321: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3296: 3293: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3255: 3251: 3248: 3247: 3246: 3245:Munich School 3243: 3242: 3241: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3213: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3200: 3197: 3196: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3122: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3088: 3087: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3059: 3056: 3055: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3044:Art borrowing 3042: 3034: 3031: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3013: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3003: 3002: 2999: 2995: 2994:Company style 2992: 2990: 2987: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2957: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2947: 2946: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2926: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2901: 2897: 2896: 2895: 2894:Neoclassicism 2892: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2858: 2857: 2855: 2851: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2834: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2816: 2813: 2812: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2768: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2753: 2752: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2720:Cretan School 2718: 2714: 2711: 2710: 2709: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2686: 2685: 2682: 2678: 2677:Danube school 2675: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2647: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2641: 2638: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2606: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2587: 2584: 2580: 2579: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2538: 2537: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2403: 2400: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2377: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2364: 2363: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2303: 2300: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2291: 2288: 2287: 2285: 2283: 2279: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2212: 2209: 2205: 2202: 2201: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2154:Orientalizing 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2139:Sub-Mycenaean 2137: 2136: 2135: 2132: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2091: 2088: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2079: 2076: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2057: 2053:art movements 2052: 2048: 2044: 2037: 2032: 2030: 2025: 2023: 2018: 2017: 2014: 2005: 1999: 1995: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1980: 1979:0-19-866203-3 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1963: 1959: 1951: 1950:0-300-05587-0 1947: 1943: 1942:0-300-05586-2 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1919: 1915:. p. 48. 1914: 1909: 1908: 1902: 1896: 1893: 1889: 1883: 1880: 1876: 1870: 1867: 1863: 1857: 1854: 1850: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1831: 1828: 1824: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1805: 1803: 1799: 1796: 1795:0-14-044164-6 1792: 1788: 1787: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1747: 1744: 1740: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1559: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1547:After Raphael 1544: 1539: 1535: 1534:Giulio Romano 1531: 1527: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1477:stained glass 1474: 1473: 1468: 1464: 1458: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1435: 1433: 1432: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1397: 1396:Raphael Rooms 1393: 1389: 1388: 1381: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1359: 1357: 1355: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1340: 1335: 1333: 1332:platonic love 1329: 1325: 1321: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1309:New Testament 1306: 1305:Old Testament 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1280: 1279: 1273: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1252:. Leonardo's 1251: 1245: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1236: 1228: 1223: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1202: 1200: 1198: 1190: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1172: 1167: 1163: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1077: 1076: 1070: 1063: 1061: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1045: 1044: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1029: 1021: 1014: 1011:Ghirlandaio: 1007: 999: 992: 983: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 944: 942: 941: 936: 935: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 909: 907: 903: 899: 895: 890: 884: 880: 879: 873: 866: 864: 862: 861: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 828: 826: 823: 822: 813: 811: 809: 805: 804: 799: 795: 794: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 758: 754: 753: 748: 744: 740: 738: 734: 730: 726: 721: 719: 715: 711: 706: 704: 699: 695: 688: 684: 680: 675: 668: 666: 663: 659: 655: 653: 649: 648:John Hawkwood 645: 641: 640:Paolo Uccello 637: 633: 626: 621: 620: 614: 610: 608: 604: 603: 598: 594: 593: 588: 585:In the 1450s 583: 581: 577: 576:Paolo Uccello 572: 570: 566: 562: 561: 556: 552: 548: 544: 536: 531: 524: 522: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 498: 491: 489: 485: 481: 475: 467: 460: 453: 445: 438: 429: 427: 423: 418: 413: 411: 407: 403: 399: 394: 392: 391:Andrea Pisano 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 364: 362: 360: 356: 351: 349: 345: 340: 336: 332: 328: 322: 319: 315: 311: 307: 299: 295: 291: 287: 284: 280: 276: 274: 271:and Duccio's 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 245: 240: 236: 232: 228: 227:Santa Trinita 224: 219: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 192: 190: 186: 182: 181:Giunta Pisano 178: 174: 173:Nicola Pisano 170: 166: 162: 154: 150: 146: 139: 137: 135: 130: 126: 122: 117: 115: 111: 107: 103: 102:Filippo Lippi 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 65: 62:, now in the 61: 60:Santa Trinita 57: 53: 49: 42: 41: 36: 35:Filippo Lippi 32: 19: 5075:Trompe-l'œil 5073: 5044:Outsider art 4997:Illustration 4953:Lutheran art 4943:Catholic art 4906:Abstract art 4876:Unilalianism 4839:Software art 4814:Neosymbolism 4804:Neo-futurism 4767:Internet art 4757:Hyperrealism 4610:Superfiction 4393:Photorealism 4261:Afrofuturism 4026:Contemporary 4002:Dimensionism 3985:Concrete art 3918: 3914:Precisionism 3764: 3711:Sosaku-hanga 3685:Productivism 3675:Metaphysical 3645: 3634:Proto-Cubism 3538:Secessionism 3500:Costumbrismo 3385:Aestheticism 3336:Hague School 3316: 3240:Academic art 3221:Costumbrismo 3189:Empire style 3026:Quito School 3021:Cusco School 2937:Colonial art 2898: 2886:Fête galante 2884: 2853:18th century 2815:Delft School 2766:Caravaggisti 2744:17th century 2629: 2586:Quattrocento 2576: 2571: 2534: 2457: 2360: 2290:Late antique 2174:Severe style 2164:Black-figure 2051:Contemporary 1993: 1990: 1966: 1929: 1921: 1906: 1895: 1887: 1882: 1874: 1869: 1856: 1848: 1843: 1836:Michelangelo 1835: 1830: 1823:Michelangelo 1822: 1817: 1809: 1808:T.L.Taylor, 1784: 1779: 1770: 1751: 1746: 1738: 1721: 1713: 1708: 1700: 1684: 1601: 1591: 1565: 1556: 1546: 1526:Parmigianino 1524: 1501: 1495: 1470: 1462: 1459: 1451:Michelangelo 1436: 1428: 1421: 1416: 1412: 1407:workshop of 1401: 1384: 1370:Michelangelo 1363: 1351: 1336: 1317: 1302: 1290:Michelangelo 1283: 1276: 1267:Michelangelo 1262: 1257: 1253: 1250:Adam and Eve 1249: 1246: 1239: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1206: 1194: 1169: 1168:'s scene of 1164: 1157: 1153: 1152:'s scene of 1138: 1133: 1129: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1095: 1080: 1073: 1041: 1039: 1025: 1012: 997: 971: 967: 963: 945: 938: 932: 910: 891: 887: 876: 875:Botticelli: 859: 832: 819: 817: 806:, while for 801: 798:Michelangelo 791: 764:Fra Angelico 761: 750: 722: 718:Orsanmichele 707: 691: 683:Fra Angelico 679:Annunciation 678: 662:Flagellation 661: 656: 643: 636:Taddeo Gaddi 630: 617: 600: 590: 584: 573: 565:Holy Trinity 564: 560:trompe-l'œil 558: 547:Brunelleschi 540: 534: 519:Michelangelo 502: 497:Adam and Eve 495: 492: 479: 477: 459:Adam and Eve 458: 444:Adam and Eve 443: 425: 414: 410:Brunelleschi 408:and that by 401: 397: 395: 375:Quattrocento 374: 368: 352: 348:Orsanmichele 343: 323: 306:Bardi family 303: 289: 272: 268: 264: 260: 242: 238: 220: 193: 158: 125:Michelangelo 118: 94:Fra Angelico 78:naturalistic 73: 69: 68: 55: 38: 5130:Italian art 4960:Digital art 4923:Avant-garde 4864:Superstroke 4740:Flat design 4735:Fictive art 4730:Excessivism 4678:Art for art 4673:Altermodern 4615:Taring Padi 4550:Lowbrow art 4518:Pliontanism 4455:Yoru no Kai 4408:Process art 4348:Systems art 4318:Arte Povera 4240:Antipodeans 4149:in New York 4119:Jikken Kōbō 4082:Color field 3951:Regionalism 3920:Aeropittura 3909:Neo-Fauvism 3882:Neues Sehen 3852:Kinetic art 3716:Suprematism 3690:Synchromism 3607:Noucentisme 3528:Primitivism 3516:Art Nouveau 3471:Cloisonnism 3461:Pointillism 3456:Divisionism 3434:Incoherents 3395:Art pottery 3281:(1863–1944) 3231:Macchiaioli 3206:Biedermeier 3194:Historicism 3179:Orientalism 3120:Romanticism 3091:Akita ranga 2943:Art of the 2928:Picturesque 2880:Chinoiserie 2875:Frederician 2713:Tudor court 2608:Cinquecento 2549:Renaissance 2536:Mappa mundi 2520:cartography 2412:Carolingian 2407:Merovingian 2390:Palaeologan 2362:Repoblación 2319:Anglo-Saxon 2250:Gallo-Roman 2189:Hellenistic 2184:Kerch style 2122:Minyan ware 2008:(see index) 1620:Carlo Dolci 1502:The early 1254:Last Supper 1183:or a Roman 946:Meanwhile, 929:Virgin Mary 839:printmaking 669:The Madonna 644:terra verde 494:figures of 298:Santa Croce 140:Before 1400 106:Ghirlandaio 5114:Categories 5007:Jewish art 4819:Passionism 4779:iPhone art 4725:Cyborg art 4720:Crypto art 4693:Brandalism 4585:Cyberdelic 4450:Tropicália 4423:Street art 4378:Intermedia 4358:Minimalism 4077:Spatialism 4031:Postmodern 3887:Surrealism 3755:Shin-hanga 3595:Die Brücke 3563:Sonderbund 3476:Synthetism 3199:Revivalism 3108:Transition 3065:Manichaean 2911:Adam style 2832:Classicism 2771:in Utrecht 2699:Still life 2429:Romanesque 2385:Macedonian 2380:Iconoclast 2339:Visigothic 2245:Republican 2199:Indo-Greek 2169:Red-figure 2003:0870994794 1666:References 1504:Mannerists 1496:Entombment 1447:Heraclitus 1150:Botticelli 1126:altarpiece 1072:Perugino: 1053:still life 847:engravings 843:goldsmiths 803:Doni Tondo 772:Verrocchio 457:Masaccio: 442:Masolino: 383:Romanesque 314:Franciscan 296:chapel of 231:Ognissanti 189:Florentine 98:Botticelli 5069:Shock art 5059:Queer art 5039:Naïve art 5022:Modernism 4854:Superflat 4844:Sound art 4824:Post-YBAs 4809:Neomodern 4650:Verdadism 4620:Superflat 4469:1970–1999 4433:in the US 4353:Video art 4276:Happening 4249:1960–1969 4041:1945–1959 3704:1915–1944 3695:Vorticism 3647:A Nyolcak 3509:1900–1914 3481:Les Nabis 3412:Symbolism 3368:Amsterdam 3318:Japonisme 3288:1863–1899 3250:in Greece 3110:to modern 2955:Caribbean 2900:Goût grec 2822:Capriccio 2776:Tenebrism 2725:Turquerie 2623:Mannerism 2518:Medieval 2375:Byzantine 2356:Mozarabic 2307:Ethiopian 2211:Neo-Attic 2194:"Baroque" 2179:Classical 2149:Geometric 2127:Mycenaean 2074:(Western) 2072:Premodern 2043:Premodern 1862:Il Sodoma 1752:Primavera 1530:Correggio 1383:Raphael: 1235:Mona Lisa 1185:Mausoleum 1181:baptistry 1146:landscape 1035:oil paint 934:Primavera 339:polyptych 318:Dominican 191:artists. 43:, by 1459 5099:Category 5049:Portrait 4970:Folk art 4918:Anti-art 4849:Stuckism 4762:Idea art 4683:Art game 4635:Artivism 4523:Punk art 4501:Sots Art 4486:Artscene 4343:Land art 4281:Neo-Dada 4213:Lettrism 4107:Nuagisme 4092:Tachisme 3973:Nazi art 3766:De Stijl 3680:Rayonism 3670:Art Deco 3658:Futurism 3449:Luminism 3417:Romanian 3402:Tonalism 3373:Canadian 3351:American 3257:Neo-Grec 2865:Rocaille 2694:Romanism 2628:Counter- 2562:Trecento 2502:Duecento 2492:Crusades 2424:Ottonian 2402:Frankish 2282:Medieval 2265:Trajanic 2225:Scythian 2220:Etruscan 2112:Cycladic 2090:Thracian 1973:, 2001. 1944:(cloth) 1903:(1965). 1890:, (1985) 1877:, (1983) 1851:, (1990) 1838:, (1962) 1825:, (1998) 1754:, (1984) 1741:, (1974) 1716:, (1991) 1703:, (1990) 1687:, (1968) 1634:See also 1594:, 1613, 1558:Bronzino 1510:such as 1455:Jeremiah 1409:Perugino 1343:Bramante 1320:Humanist 1284:In 1508 1216:cadavers 1208:Leonardo 1166:Perugino 1142:Pharaohs 1120:and the 1081:In 1477 966:and the 937:and the 913:Medieval 898:Humanist 881:for the 784:Perugino 737:Masaccio 597:Perugino 488:Masolino 484:Masaccio 327:predella 283:Giotto's 235:Duccio's 114:Masaccio 110:Masolino 108:family, 82:Florence 5064:Realism 4661:present 4388:Nut Art 4191:Pop art 4129:Mono-ha 3997:The Ten 3946:Kapists 3892:Iranian 3845:Bauhaus 3639:Orphism 3585:Fauvism 3422:Russian 3312:Nihonga 3226:Verismo 3211:Realism 3145:Purismo 3058:Moorish 3053:Islamic 2960:Haitian 2751:Baroque 2630:Maniera 2514:Mudéjar 2439:Spanish 2351:Pictish 2334:Lombard 2329:Insular 2270:Severan 2235:Gaulish 2230:Iberian 2159:Archaic 2102:Nuragic 2082:Ancient 2065:periods 1602:By the 1598:version 1579:Baroque 1405:Umbrian 1374:Raphael 1360:Raphael 1348:Vatican 1339:Raphael 1128:of the 1087:Vatican 911:In the 808:Raphael 729:Cimabue 714:Orcagna 605:in the 599:in his 551:Alberti 292:in the 263:in the 259:of the 216:Orvieto 185:Cimabue 129:Raphael 72:or the 52:Cimabue 5012:Kitsch 4871:Toyism 4363:Fluxus 4293:Op art 3862:Mingei 3796:Stupid 3774:Purism 3629:Cubism 3278:Modern 3070:Mughal 2860:Rococo 2465:Gothic 2446:Norman 2370:Viking 2324:Hunnic 2302:Coptic 2117:Minoan 2107:Aegean 2095:Dacian 2047:Modern 2000: 1977: 1948: 1940: 1928:1993. 1793: 1618:, and 1532:) and 1467:Louvre 1328:Vasari 883:Medici 733:Giotto 632:Giotto 288:, the 286:fresco 257:fresco 204:panels 161:Tuscan 149:Mosaic 112:, and 104:, the 4659:2000– 4102:COBRA 3096:Uki-e 3086:Japan 3075:Qajar 2434:Mosan 2240:Roman 2134:Greek 1952:(pbk) 1439:Plato 1364:With 921:Venus 902:Plato 851:Dante 780:tondo 687:Prado 681:s by 294:Bardi 212:Siena 169:Lucca 4948:Icon 4271:ZERO 4029:and 3926:Asso 3750:Dada 3307:Yōga 2049:and 1998:ISBN 1975:ISBN 1946:ISBN 1938:ISBN 1791:ISBN 1514:and 1429:the 1385:The 1368:and 1324:Adam 1307:and 1238:and 1104:and 970:and 774:and 735:and 692:The 549:and 517:and 486:and 316:and 229:and 214:and 167:and 165:Pisa 127:and 1622:. 958:at 925:Eve 241:or 210:in 5116:: 2045:, 1936:. 1911:. 1801:^ 1759:^ 1730:^ 1692:^ 1674:^ 1614:, 1610:, 1590:, 1494:, 1419:. 1372:, 1356:. 1187:. 1162:. 1136:. 1100:, 943:. 853:. 770:, 766:, 731:, 720:. 685:, 609:. 571:. 521:. 428:. 350:. 225:, 116:. 100:, 96:, 54:, 37:, 2063:/ 2035:e 2028:t 2021:v 2006:. 1981:. 1773:. 300:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Florentine painting

Index