807:
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452:. Because of its being isolated from the mainland as an island ("Orange Island") 34 to 28 million years ago and somewhat harsh weather pattern, this habitat in isolation evolved to host not only the Florida scrub jay endemic only to Florida, but also a small assortment of very ancient specific plants, including
632:
and trees which changes the habitat. In recent years, environmental groups within the state have made a strong effort at preserving
Florida's remaining scrub through controlled burns and even clearing out areas of large trees to increase the size of a scrub habitat. Because scrub habitat is typically
427:
It measures 23 to 28 cm (9.1 to 11.0 in) in length, and weighs from 66 to 92 g (2.3 to 3.2 oz), with an average 80.2 g (2.83 oz). The wingspan of the jay is 33–36 cm (13–14 in). It has a strong black bill, blue head and nape without a crest, a whitish forehead
755:
Another potential danger of feeding
Florida scrub jays occurs when people feed them near a road, as one major cause of death for scrub jays in urban areas is collision with vehicles. Since humans build subdivisions, railroads, and highways on the highest and driest ground, where Florida scrub jays
588:
603:
occurs in about 16 to 19 days. Fledglings can be distinguished from the adult birds due to the coloration of the feathers on their head, which are brown instead of blue. The brown feathers on the juvenile's head are slowly replaced by blue feathers as the bird matures into adulthood.
1642:
708:
were in decline, and local subpopulations were in danger of disappearing altogether. About 8000 mature birds were believed to exist—with no more than 1000 in any one subpopulation—and population numbers had dropped by about 10% over the last decade or so.
756:
like to live, this removal of habitats, along with the introduction of pets, especially cats not on a leash, has devastated scrub jay populations. In the last 100 years, 90% of the bird's population has been lost.
534:
together in southcentral
Florida. The snake may have been too large for one jay to kill it alone, and the pair ultimately succeeded in killing the reptile. Cooperated hunting like this is rarely documented in
1471:
Boughton, Raoul K. & Bowman, Reed (9 May 2011). "State wide assessment of
Florida Scrub-Jays on managed areas: A comparison of current populations to the results of the 1992-93 survey." (Report).
519:
thousands of acorns a year, burying them just beneath the surface. The acorns are typically buried in the fall and consumed during the winter and spring. Acorns that are forgotten or missed may
741:
An inquisitive and intelligent species, the most striking attribute of the
Florida scrub jay's behavior is its remarkable tameness. As such, scrub jays willingly take food from human hands.
744:
Unfortunately, this tameness is dangerous to the well-being of the species. Florida scrub jays that are fed by humans will reproduce earlier in the year than those that are not. However,
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1240:
978:
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649:
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present in the late spring and summer; if they hatch too early in the year when the caterpillars are not available, this can lead to their malnutrition or starvation.
595:
After about 2 to 3 years, fledglings leave the group to form mating pairs of their own. Mating season ranges from March to June. Clutches usually contain about 3 to 4
663:, there were estimated to be 4000 individuals left in the wild. Despite the protections, the Florida scrub jay is still thought to be on the decline. Studies done in
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806:
5635:
444:
habitat, an ecosystem that exists only in central
Florida and in limited areas along the Atlantic coast, and is characterized by nutrient-poor soil, occasional
329:
1626:
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because of the loss of homes. However, environmentalists hope that current conservation efforts should help the species population to at least stabilize.
1503:
818:
5728:
1061:
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1591:. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA & The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. Online version, retrieved 2006-10-11.
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4146:
653:
1369:
415:. It is known to have been present in Florida as a distinct species for at least 2 million years, and is possibly derived from the ancestors of
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767:
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576:), and defend territory against neighboring Florida scrub jay family groups. These families can range in size from 2 to 8.
667:, once the county with the greatest population of scrub jays, has noted declines of some 33% since the 1993 census alone.
515:. They have also been occasionally observed to eat other birds' eggs or nestlings, but this occurs rarely. They routinely
318:
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5402:
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In recent years there has been some debate about whether or not the
Florida scrub jay should be officially listed as an
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5393:
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1657:
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4159:
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2023:
1623:
671:
638:
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1500:
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and one of only 15 species endemic to the continental United States. Because of this, it is keenly sought by
4164:
866:κόμη) "hair", in reference to the lack of striped or banded feathers in this genus, compared to other jays.
664:
5452:
5355:
4131:
3943:
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2212:
2074:
1975:
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Scrub habitat has dwindled considerably in the past several decades as
Florida has continued to develop.
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Access to human provided foods causes a mismatch between brood demand and resources available for broods
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Another attempt to conserve the bird is an ongoing campaign to name the
Florida scrub jay as the new
625:
621:
555:
946:
Travels through North and South
Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, the Cherokee Country, etc.
874:
for "becoming blue", in reference to the species' color which is lighter than in most American jays.
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5539:
4126:
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2014:
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People should never feed scrub jays. It is detrimental to their health, and it is also illegal!
523:, making the Florida Scrub-Jay an effective agent for the dispersal of a variety of oak trees.
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432:, blue bib, blue wings, grayish underparts, gray back, long blue tail, black legs and feet.
143:
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1877:
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774:
678:) is the state bird of several other states, while the scrub jay is exclusive to Florida.
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674:. The main argument for changing the state bird is that the current state bird (viz. the
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Scrub jays may also take silverware and other shiny objects in a manner similar to the
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A long-term and ongoing study of the Florida scrub jay has been taking place at the
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2005:
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412:
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633:"well-drained sites with low nutrient levels and periodic fires," the species is
17:
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1501:
An Ecological Overview of Scrub Habitat and Florida Scrub-Jays in Brevard County
749:
530:, as seen in one case where a mated pair of the birds were observed attacking a
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101:
66:
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The Florida scrub jay was officially listed as a threatened state species by
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were known. Both the number of adult birds as well as amount and quality of
572:
536:
496:
453:
258:
218:
106:
50:
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Woolfenden, Glen E. & Fitzpatrick, John W. (1996): Florida Scrub-Jay (
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5117:
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4651:
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596:
449:
268:
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91:
76:
71:
61:
43:
39:
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1143:
Geologic History of Florida: Major Events that Formed the Sunshine State
1051:
Rice, Nathan H.; Martínez-Meyer, Enrique; Peterson, A. Townsend (2003).
5552:
5439:
5027:
4880:
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4548:
4369:
4223:
4215:
3908:
3780:
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1037:
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445:
408:
392:
111:
86:
3668:
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5157:
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4872:
4864:
4793:
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4617:
4555:
4438:
4105:
4100:
3978:
2475:
2373:
1995:
1780:
600:
508:
500:
492:
488:
228:
5575:
5349:
1639:
mentions the movement to adopt the Scrub-Jay as Florida's State Bird
1029:
5506:
1550:
Crows and jays: a guide to the crows, jays and magpies of the world
1256:
5501:
5043:
4830:
4393:
871:
849:
723:
The Florida scrub jay was featured in episode 11, season 3 of the
611:
586:
578:
512:
504:
480:
652:
in 1975 and it was listed as a threatened federal species by the
5019:
4386:
4349:
4319:
3733:
3699:
2465:
1726:
1617:
689:
484:
248:
5353:
4183:
3672:
3087:
2298:
1757:
1674:
5141:
3998:
3760:
3208:
3152:
2120:
629:
700:. In 2004, the population was declining and no more than 10
1514:
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (2001): Florida Scrub-jay.
1498:
Brevard County Natural Resources Management Office (2005):
1009:"A fossil scrub jay supports a recent systematic decision"
1516:
In: Field Guide to the Rare Plants and Animals of Florida
812:
Juvenile beginning to develop blue coloration on its head
645:
has one of the larger habitats under state management.
562:
remain in their parents' habitat for several years and
5291:
1564:
Richard Archbold and the Archbold Biological Station
1241:"Apparent Cooperative Hunting in Florida Scrub-Jays"
824:
Juvenile at Juniper Prairie in Ocala National Forest
5362:
5116:
5071:
5010:
4981:
4952:
4931:
4892:
4855:
4846:
4813:
4776:
4767:
4758:
4703:
4627:
4586:
4524:
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4472:
4448:
4421:
4342:
4329:
4290:
4259:
4198:
4114:
4017:
3917:
3867:
3794:
3724:
3632:
3536:
3368:
3335:
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3216:
3206:
3160:
3150:
3113:
3104:
3036:
3027:
2473:
2463:
2381:
2370:
2324:
2315:
2260:
2251:
2225:
2170:
2128:
2118:
2054:
2003:
1992:
1966:
1935:
1857:
1824:
1815:
1778:
1771:
1288:"An experimental analysis in the Florida scrub jay"
903:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22705629A94028132.en
650:Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
1146:. University Press of Florida. pp. 30–31.
5749:Native birds of the Southeastern United States
985:. National Wildlife Federation. Archived from
526:The Florida scrub jay may exhibit coordinated
3684:
1686:
1535:(2nd ed). British Museum of Natural History.
1531:Goodwin, Derek & Gillmor, Robert (1986):
616:A Florida scrub jay explores its surroundings
8:
1566:. University Press of Florida: Gainesville.
5764:Taxa named by Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc
1624:Florida Scrub-Jay WatchList Species Account
5744:Endemic birds of the Eastern United States
5350:
4852:
4773:
4764:
4755:
4493:
4339:
4326:
4287:
4283:
4256:
4195:
4191:
4180:
4176:
3691:
3677:
3669:
3213:
3157:
3110:
3101:
3084:
3033:
2470:
2378:
2321:
2312:
2295:
2257:
2125:
2000:
1821:
1775:
1768:
1754:
1693:
1679:
1671:
1404:Shall We Feed Suburban Florida Scrub-Jays
897:. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
327:
182:
160:
129:
31:
1074:
1062:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1053:"Ecological niche differentiation in the
5734:NatureServe critically imperiled species
1620:Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter.
5298:
1486:Smithsonian Handbooks: Birds of Florida
1319:"Climate Change and Florida Scrub Jays"
1222:"Taxonomy, Species Jay, Scrub, Florida"
883:
763:
654:United States Fish and Wildlife Service
468:and various other hardy plants such as
440:The Florida scrub jay is found only in
889:
887:
599:which are incubated in about 17 days.
554:Florida scrub jays are one of the few
7:
5250:
591:Juvenile developing adult coloration
5274:
1292:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
836:
372:Aphelocoma californica coerulescens
363:
349:
1633:from the American Bird Conservancy
950:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
25:
4152:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
1584:Poole, A. & Gill, F. (eds.):
1117:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
1115:John B. Dunning Jr., ed. (1992).
1091:"Florida Scrub-Jay, Life History"
1057:jays: a phylogenetic perspective"
403:. It is the only species of bird
5729:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
5337:
5325:
5313:
5301:
5273:
5261:
5249:
5238:
5237:
5128:(New World vultures and condors)
1076:10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00242.x
893:BirdLife International. (2016).
858:(from ἀφελής-) "simple" + Latin
817:
805:
800:Brown-colored head of a juvenile
793:
781:
766:
205:
1643:Florida Scrub-Jay photo gallery
952:: James & Johnson. p.
566:, watch for predators (such as
1317:Defenders of Wildlife (2020).
1:
1845:Black racket-tailed treepie (
1649:Florida Scrub Scrub-Jay Sound
1193:"Plants of the Florida Scrub"
977:Cynthia Berger (2004-08-01).
748:scrub jays feed primarily on
1224:. 1996-03-14. Archived from
730:Penn & Teller: Bullshit!
635:vulnerable to climate change
5192:(woodpeckers and relatives)
3323:White-throated Magpie-jay (
3314:Black-throated magpie-jay (
2084:Yellow-billed blue magpie (
1548:& Burn, Hilary (1994):
1511:. Retrieved April 12, 2005.
1199:. Floridata. Archived from
714:Archbold Biological Station
692:classifies this species as
5785:
5054:(cormorants and relatives)
4147:Extinct species since 1500
2024:Indochinese green magpie (
1658:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
1637:Florida Scrub-Jay Campaign
1606:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
1604:on All About Birds by the
1586:The Birds of North America
1368:Lowman, Meg (2006-06-04).
1239:Bowman, Reed (June 2003).
1007:Emslie, Steven D. (1996).
916:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0"
624:also leads to the natural
479:and eat a wide variety of
5233:
5184:(kingfishers and rollers)
5038:(albatrosses and petrels)
4922:(swifts and hummingbirds)
4904:(nightjars and relatives)
4754:
4728:(pheasants and relatives)
4286:
4255:
4194:
4190:
4179:
4175:
3711:
3100:
3083:
2311:
2294:
1767:
1753:
1709:
1701:Extant species of family
1552:. A&C Black, London.
1168:"Florida sand pine scrub"
342:
335:
326:
307:
300:
202:Scientific classification
200:
180:
158:
149:
137:
128:
34:
5754:Endemic fauna of Florida
5083:(seriemas and relatives)
5062:(pelicans and relatives)
2075:Red-billed blue magpie (
1976:Ratchet-tailed treepie (
1414:(Thesis). Archived from
1401:Sauter, Annette (2005).
920:explorer.natureserve.org
737:Dangers of human feeding
639:Oscar Scherer State Park
558:birds in North America.
5759:Birds described in 1795
5706:Aphelocoma-coerulescens
5432:aphelocoma-coerulescens
5419:Aphelocoma_coerulescens
5394:Aphelocoma coerulescens
5364:Aphelocoma coerulescens
5176:(hornbills and hoopoes)
5091:(falcons and relatives)
3250:Woodhouse's scrub jay (
2945:Hispaniolan palm crow (
2270:Stresemann's bushcrow (
2093:Sri Lanka blue magpie (
1905:White-bellied treepie (
1613:Aphelocoma coerulescens
1578:Aphelocoma coerulescens
1406:Aphelocoma coerulescens
1140:Albert C. Hine (2013).
895:Aphelocoma coerulescens
688:On the other hand, the
475:Florida scrub jays are
388:Aphelocoma coerulescens
311:Aphelocoma coerulescens
5769:ESA threatened species
5160:(trogons and quetzals)
4972:(cranes and relatives)
4242:(emus and cassowaries)
4132:Glossary of bird terms
3944:Confuciusornithiformes
3548:Silvery-throated jay (
3232:California scrub jay (
2809:Eastern carrion crow (
2402:Yellow-billed magpie (
2204:Turkestan ground jay (
2195:Mongolian ground jay (
2033:Bornean green magpie (
1954:Bornean black magpie (
1945:Malayan black magpie (
1654:Florida Scrub-Jay call
1286:Mumme, Ronald (1992).
1172:Terrestrial Ecoregions
617:
592:
584:
5688:Paleobiology Database
5675:Paleobiology Database
5001:(kagu and sunbittern)
4964:(gulls and relatives)
3969:Songlingornithiformes
3934:Omnivoropterygiformes
3389:Purplish-backed jay (
3134:Azure-winged magpie (
2694:Eastern jungle crow (
2649:Slender-billed crow (
2553:New Caledonian crow (
2447:Black-rumped magpie (
2393:Black-billed magpie (
2186:Xinjiang ground jay (
2102:White-winged magpie (
2015:Common green magpie (
1896:Black-faced treepie (
1488:. DK Pub., New York.
1174:. World Wildlife Fund
672:state bird of Florida
615:
590:
582:
417:Woodhouse's scrub jay
407:to the U.S. state of
188:Critically Imperiled
4823:Phoenicopteriformes
3620:White-collared jay (
3602:Black-throated jay (
3575:White-throated jay (
3557:Black-collared jay (
3002:Thick-billed raven (
2975:White-necked raven (
2827:Brown-necked raven (
2703:Indian jungle crow (
2354:Kashmir nutcracker (
2345:Clark's nutcracker (
2336:Spotted nutcracker (
2213:Iranian ground jay (
2066:Taiwan blue magpie (
2042:Javan green magpie (
1484:Alsop, Fred (2002):
1097:. Cornell University
979:"All-American Birds"
676:northern mockingbird
622:Wildfire suppression
556:cooperative breeding
470:eastern prickly pear
293:A. coerulescens
4794:Mesitornithiformes
4788:(doves and pigeons)
4122:Families and orders
3984:Ichthyornithiformes
3959:Patagopterygiformes
3470:Bushy-crested jay (
3416:Plush-crested jay (
3380:Black-chested jay (
3268:Transvolcanic jay (
3259:Florida scrub jay (
2909:White-necked crow (
2773:Mesopotamian crow (
2685:Large-billed crow (
2598:White-billed crow (
2535:Bougainville crow (
2526:Brown-headed crow (
1799:Red-billed chough (
1443:"Florida Scrub-Jay"
1343:"Florida Scrub-Jay"
1245:The Wilson Bulletin
528:cooperative hunting
360:Corvus coerulescens
152:Conservation status
5136:(eagles and hawks)
5036:Procellariiformes
4941:Opisthocomiformes
4910:Steatornithiformes
4137:List by population
3974:Hongshanornithidae
3899:Evolution of birds
3566:Azure-hooded jay (
3488:White-tailed jay (
3425:Curl-crested jay (
3241:Island scrub jay (
2882:Chihuahuan raven (
2818:Fan-tailed raven (
2589:Long-billed crow (
2508:Australian raven (
1914:Sumatran treepie (
1629:2015-02-26 at the
1611:Florida Scrub Jay
1562:Morse, R. (2000):
1533:Crows of the World
1525:2006-10-14 at the
1506:2009-03-07 at the
1370:"NATURE'S SECRETS"
1348:Cornell University
1304:10.1007/BF00177772
727:television series
683:Endangered Species
661:Partners in Flight
618:
593:
585:
568:short-tailed hawks
564:help to rear young
5716:
5715:
5662:Open Tree of Life
5563:florida-scrub-jay
5356:Taxon identifiers
5289:
5288:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5205:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5022:(loons or divers)
4991:Phaethontiformes
4983:Phaethontimorphae
4933:Opisthocomiformes
4902:Caprimulgiformes
4842:
4841:
4831:Podicipediformes
4750:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4468:
4467:
4251:
4250:
4208:Struthioniformes
4076:Waterfowl hunting
4009:Gastornithiformes
4004:Aepyornithiformes
3994:Lithornithiformes
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3461:Azure-naped jay (
3443:White-naped jay (
3202:
3201:
3146:
3145:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3023:
3022:
2918:Cuban palm crow (
2911:C. leucognaphalus
2891:Tamaulipas crow (
2875:C. brachyrhynchos
2459:
2458:
2420:Oriental magpie (
2411:Eurasian magpie (
2366:
2365:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2247:
2246:
2149:Lanceolated jay (
2114:
2113:
2077:U. erythrorhyncha
1988:
1987:
1878:Bornean treepie (
1869:Andaman treepie (
1811:
1810:
1602:Florida Scrub-Jay
1447:Audubon WatchList
1421:on March 19, 2009
1323:LandScope America
1197:The Florida Scrub
1153:978-0-8130-4421-7
1126:978-0-8493-4258-5
383:Florida scrub jay
379:
378:
368:
356:
346:Corvus floridanus
195:
175:
35:Florida scrub jay
18:Florida scrub-jay
16:(Redirected from
5776:
5709:
5708:
5696:
5695:
5683:
5682:
5670:
5669:
5657:
5656:
5644:
5643:
5631:
5630:
5618:
5617:
5605:
5604:
5592:
5591:
5579:
5578:
5566:
5565:
5556:
5555:
5543:
5542:
5533:
5532:
5520:
5519:
5510:
5509:
5497:
5496:
5484:
5483:
5474:
5473:
5461:
5460:
5448:
5447:
5445:114C4EDC631C18BD
5435:
5434:
5422:
5421:
5409:
5408:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5351:
5342:
5341:
5340:
5330:
5329:
5318:
5317:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5297:
5277:
5276:
5265:
5253:
5252:
5241:
5240:
5193:
5185:
5177:
5169:
5166:Leptosomiformes
5161:
5153:
5145:
5137:
5134:Accipitriformes
5129:
5108:
5107:(perching birds)
5100:
5092:
5084:
5063:
5055:
5047:
5039:
5031:
5028:Sphenisciformes
5023:
5002:
4994:
4973:
4965:
4962:Charadriiformes
4944:
4923:
4905:
4884:
4876:
4873:Musophagiformes
4868:
4853:
4834:
4826:
4805:
4797:
4789:
4774:
4765:
4756:
4729:
4716:
4494:
4490:
4483:
4396:
4389:
4353:
4340:
4336:
4327:
4323:
4288:
4284:
4257:
4243:
4235:
4227:
4219:
4211:
4196:
4192:
4181:
4177:
4044:Bird collections
3999:Dinornithiformes
3904:Darwin's finches
3894:Origin of flight
3834:Seabird breeding
3824:Sexual selection
3693:
3686:
3679:
3670:
3644:G. cyanocephalus
3506:Violaceous jay (
3472:C. melanocyaneus
3307:
3277:Unicolored jay (
3225:
3214:
3158:
3125:Iberian magpie (
3111:
3102:
3095:
3085:
3034:
3004:C. crassirostris
2971:
2967:Tropical African
2869:
2865:Central American
2844:
2769:
2687:C. macrorhynchos
2645:
2615:
2562:Torresian crow (
2528:C. fuscicapillus
2495:
2471:
2429:Maghreb magpie (
2379:
2356:N. multipunctata
2338:N. caryocatactes
2322:
2313:
2306:
2296:
2258:
2179:
2126:
2001:
1923:Rufous treepie (
1836:Hooded treepie (
1822:
1776:
1769:
1755:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1672:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1449:. Archived from
1439:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1420:
1413:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1385:
1376:. Archived from
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1013:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
994:
974:
968:
967:
941:Bartram, William
937:
931:
930:
928:
926:
912:
906:
891:
840:
821:
809:
797:
785:
770:
466:Florida rosemary
464:, sandhill oak,
391:) is one of the
366:
354:
331:
313:
210:
209:
189:
186:
185:
169:
164:
163:
144:Deltona, Florida
133:
123:
53:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5774:
5773:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5712:
5704:
5699:
5691:
5686:
5678:
5673:
5665:
5660:
5652:
5649:Observation.org
5647:
5639:
5634:
5626:
5621:
5613:
5608:
5600:
5595:
5587:
5582:
5574:
5569:
5561:
5559:
5551:
5546:
5538:
5536:
5528:
5523:
5515:
5513:
5505:
5500:
5492:
5487:
5479:
5477:
5469:
5464:
5456:
5451:
5443:
5438:
5430:
5425:
5417:
5412:
5406:
5401:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5358:
5348:
5338:
5336:
5324:
5312:
5302:
5300:
5292:
5290:
5285:
5197:
5191:
5183:
5175:
5174:Bucerotiformes
5168:(cuckoo-roller)
5167:
5159:
5151:
5143:
5135:
5127:
5126:Cathartiformes
5112:
5106:
5098:
5097:Psittaciformes
5090:
5082:
5067:
5061:
5060:Pelecaniformes
5053:
5045:
5037:
5029:
5021:
5006:
5000:
4999:Eurypygiformes
4992:
4977:
4971:
4963:
4948:
4942:
4927:
4921:
4903:
4888:
4882:
4874:
4866:
4838:
4832:
4824:
4809:
4803:
4802:Pterocliformes
4795:
4787:
4738:
4727:
4714:
4699:
4623:
4582:
4520:
4485:
4484:
4477:
4476:
4464:
4444:
4417:
4394:
4387:
4347:
4346:
4334:
4333:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4247:
4241:
4240:Casuariiformes
4233:
4232:Apterygiformes
4225:
4217:
4209:
4186:
4171:
4142:Lists by region
4110:
4020:
4013:
3954:Chaoyangiformes
3939:Jeholornithidae
3913:
3877:Origin of birds
3863:
3844:Brood parasites
3790:
3720:
3707:
3697:
3667:
3650:
3628:
3611:Turquoise jay (
3593:Beautiful jay (
3532:
3499:C. sanblasianus
3427:C. cristatellus
3364:
3356:Steller's jay (
3331:
3305:
3304:
3294:
3261:A. coerulescens
3223:
3222:
3198:
3192:P. internigrans
3142:
3106:
3096:
3093:
3067:
3058:Western jackdaw
3048:Daurian jackdaw
3019:
2964:
2954:Sinaloan crow (
2900:Jamaican crow (
2884:C. cryptoleucus
2873:American crow (
2858:
2837:
2758:
2721:Collared crow (
2696:C. levaillantii
2638:
2619:Hawaiian crow (
2608:
2555:C. moneduloides
2517:Bismarck crow (
2484:
2455:
2372:
2362:
2307:
2304:
2278:
2253:
2243:
2221:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2110:
2086:U. flavirostris
2050:
1994:
1984:
1962:
1931:
1853:
1807:
1790:Alpine chough (
1763:
1749:
1705:
1699:
1668:
1631:Wayback Machine
1598:
1527:Wayback Machine
1508:Wayback Machine
1481:
1479:Further reading
1476:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1456:
1454:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1383:
1381:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1327:
1325:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1206:
1204:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1177:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1154:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1095:All About Birds
1089:
1088:
1084:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1030:10.2307/1369850
1011:
1006:
1005:
1001:
992:
990:
976:
975:
971:
964:
939:
938:
934:
924:
922:
914:
913:
909:
892:
885:
881:
835:
832:
825:
822:
813:
810:
801:
798:
789:
786:
777:
775:Lyonia Preserve
771:
762:
739:
610:
552:
448:, and frequent
438:
425:
364:
362:
350:
348:
322:
315:
309:
296:
204:
196:
187:
183:
176:
165:
161:
154:
140:Lyonia Preserve
124:
122:
121:
120:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
36:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5782:
5780:
5772:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5721:
5720:
5714:
5713:
5711:
5710:
5697:
5684:
5671:
5658:
5645:
5632:
5619:
5606:
5593:
5580:
5567:
5557:
5544:
5534:
5521:
5511:
5498:
5485:
5475:
5462:
5449:
5436:
5423:
5410:
5399:
5384:
5368:
5366:
5360:
5359:
5354:
5347:
5346:
5334:
5322:
5310:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5271:
5259:
5247:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5187:
5182:Coraciiformes
5179:
5171:
5163:
5158:Trogoniformes
5155:
5147:
5139:
5131:
5122:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5105:Passeriformes
5102:
5094:
5089:Falconiformes
5086:
5081:Cariamiformes
5077:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5057:
5049:
5044:Ciconiiformes
5041:
5033:
5025:
5016:
5014:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4996:
4987:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4967:
4958:
4956:
4954:Cursorimorphae
4950:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4937:
4935:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4898:
4896:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4878:
4870:
4861:
4859:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4828:
4819:
4817:
4815:Mirandornithes
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4799:
4791:
4786:Columbiformes
4782:
4780:
4778:Columbimorphae
4771:
4762:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4723:
4718:
4713:Meleagridinae
4709:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4633:
4631:
4629:Odontophoridae
4625:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4600:
4592:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4530:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4502:
4500:
4491:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4454:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4435:
4427:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4408:Stictonettinae
4405:
4403:Dendrocygninae
4400:
4399:
4398:
4391:
4379:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4356:
4354:
4337:
4324:
4281:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4237:
4229:
4221:
4213:
4204:
4202:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4156:Notable birds
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4106:Egg collecting
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4023:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3989:Hesperornithes
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3964:Ambiortiformes
3961:
3956:
3951:
3949:Enantiornithes
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3752:
3751:
3741:
3736:
3730:
3728:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3673:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:C. viridicyana
3617:
3608:
3599:
3590:
3581:
3572:
3563:
3554:
3550:C. argentigula
3544:
3542:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3526:C. yucatanicus
3521:
3512:
3503:
3497:San Blas jay (
3494:
3485:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3440:
3434:Purplish jay (
3431:
3422:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3386:
3376:
3374:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3320:
3310:
3308:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3283:
3274:
3270:A. ultramarina
3265:
3256:
3252:A. woodhouseii
3247:
3238:
3234:A. californica
3228:
3226:
3211:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3187:
3181:Siberian jay (
3178:
3168:
3166:
3155:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3108:
3098:
3097:
3088:
3081:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3055:
3044:
3042:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3008:
2999:
2990:
2981:
2972:
2961:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2902:C. jamaicensis
2897:
2888:
2879:
2870:
2855:
2854:
2848:Common raven (
2845:
2834:
2833:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2791:Carrion crow (
2788:
2779:
2770:
2755:
2754:
2745:
2739:Banggai crow (
2736:
2727:
2718:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2667:Palawan crow (
2664:
2655:
2646:
2641:Tropical Asian
2635:
2634:
2628:Mariana crow (
2625:
2621:C. hawaiiensis
2616:
2611:Pacific island
2605:
2604:
2595:
2586:
2577:
2571:Forest raven (
2568:
2559:
2550:
2544:Little raven (
2541:
2532:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2496:
2481:
2479:
2468:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:P. bottanensis
2444:
2435:
2431:P. mauritanica
2426:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2376:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2351:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2319:
2309:
2308:
2299:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2272:Z. stresemanni
2266:
2264:
2262:Zavattariornis
2255:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2155:
2151:G. lanceolatus
2146:
2140:Eurasian jay (
2136:
2134:
2123:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2011:
2009:
1998:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1951:
1947:P. leucopterus
1941:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1920:
1916:D. occipitalis
1911:
1907:D. leucogastra
1902:
1893:
1887:Grey treepie (
1884:
1880:D. cinerascens
1875:
1865:
1863:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1842:
1832:
1830:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1801:P. pyrrhocorax
1796:
1786:
1784:
1773:
1765:
1764:
1758:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1651:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1621:
1608:
1597:
1596:External links
1594:
1593:
1592:
1574:
1560:
1543:
1529:
1512:
1496:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1463:
1434:
1393:
1374:Herald Tribune
1360:
1334:
1309:
1278:
1257:10.1676/02-129
1251:(2): 197–199.
1231:
1228:on 2004-02-25.
1213:
1184:
1159:
1152:
1132:
1125:
1107:
1082:
1069:(3): 369–383.
1043:
1024:(4): 675–680.
999:
969:
962:
932:
907:
882:
880:
877:
876:
875:
831:
828:
827:
826:
823:
816:
814:
811:
804:
802:
799:
792:
790:
787:
780:
778:
773:Two adults at
772:
765:
761:
758:
738:
735:
702:subpopulations
665:Brevard County
609:
606:
551:
548:
460:, myrtle oak,
437:
434:
424:
421:
377:
376:
375:
374:
369:
357:
340:
339:
333:
332:
324:
323:
316:
305:
304:
298:
297:
290:
288:
284:
283:
276:
272:
271:
266:
262:
261:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
216:
212:
211:
198:
197:
181:
178:
177:
159:
156:
155:
150:
147:
146:
135:
134:
126:
125:
117:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5781:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5707:
5702:
5698:
5694:
5689:
5685:
5681:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5624:
5620:
5616:
5611:
5607:
5603:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5558:
5554:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5535:
5531:
5526:
5522:
5518:
5512:
5508:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5490:
5486:
5482:
5476:
5472:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5404:
5400:
5395:
5389:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5352:
5345:
5335:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5309:
5299:
5295:
5282:
5281:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5264:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5194:
5188:
5186:
5180:
5178:
5172:
5170:
5164:
5162:
5156:
5154:
5148:
5146:
5142:Strigiformes
5140:
5138:
5132:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5109:
5103:
5101:
5095:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5058:
5056:
5050:
5048:
5042:
5040:
5034:
5032:
5026:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5003:
4997:
4995:
4993:(tropicbirds)
4989:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4974:
4968:
4966:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4951:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4916:
4915:Podargiformes
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4879:
4877:
4871:
4869:
4865:Cuculiformes
4863:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4835:
4829:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4806:
4800:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4677:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4563:Macrocephalon
4560:
4558:
4557:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4488:
4481:
4475:
4471:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4450:Anseranatidae
4447:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4420:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4392:
4390:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4345:
4341:
4338:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4315:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4258:
4254:
4244:
4238:
4236:
4230:
4228:
4224:Tinamiformes
4222:
4220:
4214:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4200:Palaeognathae
4197:
4193:
4189:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4086:Pigeon racing
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4016:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3928:Archaeopteryx
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3705:
3701:
3694:
3689:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3647:
3645:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3529:
3527:
3524:Yucatan jay (
3522:
3520:
3518:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3490:C. mystacalis
3486:
3484:
3482:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3445:C. cyanopogon
3441:
3439:
3437:
3436:C. cyanomelas
3432:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3407:Cayenne jay (
3405:
3403:
3401:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3361:
3359:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3306:(Magpie-Jays)
3303:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3288:A. wollweberi
3286:Mexican jay (
3284:
3282:
3280:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3205:
3195:
3193:
3190:Sichuan jay (
3188:
3186:
3184:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3174:P. canadensis
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3109:
3103:
3099:
3092:
3086:
3082:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3016:
3014:
3011:Somali crow (
3009:
3007:
3005:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2977:C. albicollis
2973:
2970:
2968:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2938:C. ossifragus
2934:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2829:C. ruficollis
2825:
2823:
2821:
2820:C. rhipidurus
2816:
2814:
2812:
2811:C. orientalis
2807:
2805:
2803:
2802:C. frugilegus
2798:
2796:
2794:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2782:Hooded crow (
2780:
2778:
2776:
2775:C. capellanus
2771:
2768:
2766:
2765:North African
2762:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:Violet crow (
2746:
2744:
2742:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2730:Piping crow (
2728:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2705:C. culminatus
2701:
2699:
2697:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2676:Flores crow (
2674:
2672:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2660:C. samarensis
2656:
2654:
2652:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2573:C. tasmanicus
2569:
2567:
2565:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2510:C. coronoides
2506:
2504:
2502:
2499:Little crow (
2497:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2438:Asir magpie (
2436:
2434:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2369:
2359:
2357:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2347:N. columbiana
2343:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2303:
2297:
2293:
2275:
2273:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2197:P. hendersoni
2193:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2178:(Ground jays)
2175:
2174:
2169:
2163:
2161:
2158:Lidth's jay (
2156:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2142:G. glandarius
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2107:
2105:
2104:U. whiteheadi
2100:
2098:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2044:C. thalassina
2040:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1912:
1910:
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1899:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1885:
1883:
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1876:
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1867:
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1864:
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1850:
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1839:
1834:
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1828:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1797:
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1793:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1745:Passeriformes
1742:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1691:
1689:
1684:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
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1635:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1572:0-8130-1761-0
1569:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1558:0-7136-3999-7
1555:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1541:0-565-00979-6
1538:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1494:0-7894-8387-4
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1467:
1464:
1453:on 2008-06-15
1452:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1417:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1380:on 2008-05-16
1379:
1375:
1371:
1364:
1361:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1324:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1203:on 2009-04-02
1202:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1185:
1173:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1119:. CRC Press.
1118:
1111:
1108:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1047:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1003:
1000:
989:on 2017-10-01
988:
984:
980:
973:
970:
965:
963:0-486-20013-2
959:
955:
951:
948:
947:
942:
936:
933:
921:
917:
911:
908:
904:
900:
896:
890:
888:
884:
878:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
854:
853:Ancient Greek
851:
847:
843:
839:
838:
834:
833:
829:
820:
815:
808:
803:
796:
791:
784:
779:
776:
769:
764:
759:
757:
753:
751:
747:
742:
736:
734:
732:
731:
726:
721:
719:
715:
710:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
679:
677:
673:
668:
666:
662:
659:According to
657:
655:
651:
646:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
623:
614:
607:
605:
602:
598:
589:
581:
577:
575:
574:
569:
565:
561:
557:
549:
547:
545:
544:American crow
540:
538:
533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
462:Chapman's oak
459:
458:sand live oak
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:Florida scrub
435:
433:
431:
422:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
401:North America
398:
394:
390:
389:
384:
373:
370:
361:
358:
353:
347:
344:
343:
341:
338:
334:
330:
325:
320:
314:
312:
306:
303:
302:Binomial name
299:
295:
294:
289:
286:
285:
282:
281:
277:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:Passeriformes
257:
254:
253:
250:
247:
244:
243:
240:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
223:
220:
217:
214:
213:
208:
203:
199:
193:
179:
173:
168:
157:
153:
148:
145:
141:
136:
132:
127:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
5363:
5278:
5266:
5254:
5242:
5152:(mousebirds)
5150:Coliiformes
5020:Gaviiformes
5012:Aequornithes
4920:Apodiformes
4881:Otidiformes
4857:Otidimorphae
4804:(sandgrouse)
4726:Phasianinae
4692:
4685:
4678:
4673:Odontophorus
4671:
4664:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4575:
4568:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4511:Oreophasinae
4457:
4437:
4430:
4335:(waterfowls)
4331:Anseriformes
4081:Cockfighting
4066:Conservation
4061:Bird feeding
4049:Birdwatching
4039:Ornithomancy
3979:Gansuiformes
3926:
3919:Fossil birds
3809:Intelligence
3643:
3642:Pinyon jay (
3633:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3594:
3585:
3577:C. mirabilis
3576:
3568:C. cucullata
3567:
3559:C. armillata
3558:
3549:
3537:
3525:
3516:
3508:C. violaceus
3507:
3498:
3489:
3480:
3471:
3463:C. heilprini
3462:
3453:
3452:Tufted jay (
3444:
3435:
3426:
3417:
3408:
3400:C. caeruleus
3399:
3390:
3381:
3369:
3357:
3348:
3336:
3324:
3315:
3299:
3287:
3278:
3269:
3260:
3258:
3251:
3243:A. insularis
3242:
3233:
3224:(Scrub jays)
3217:
3191:
3183:P. infaustus
3182:
3173:
3172:Canada jay (
3161:
3135:
3126:
3114:
3105:Azure-winged
3061:
3052:C. dauuricus
3051:
3037:
3012:
3003:
2994:
2985:
2976:
2966:
2965:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2927:Cuban crow (
2919:
2910:
2901:
2893:C. imparatus
2892:
2883:
2874:
2864:
2860:
2859:
2849:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2819:
2810:
2801:
2792:
2783:
2774:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2750:C. violaceus
2749:
2740:
2731:
2723:C. torquatus
2722:
2714:C. splendens
2713:
2712:House crow (
2704:
2695:
2686:
2678:C. florensis
2677:
2668:
2659:
2658:Small crow (
2650:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2620:
2610:
2609:
2600:C. woodfordi
2599:
2590:
2581:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2545:
2536:
2527:
2519:C. insularis
2518:
2509:
2500:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2474:
2448:
2440:P. asirensis
2439:
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2394:
2382:
2355:
2346:
2337:
2325:
2271:
2261:
2252:Stresemann's
2236:
2226:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2188:P. biddulphi
2187:
2171:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2129:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2055:
2043:
2034:
2026:C. hypoleuca
2025:
2017:C. chinensis
2016:
2004:
1977:
1967:
1956:P. aterrimus
1955:
1946:
1936:
1925:D. vagabunda
1924:
1915:
1906:
1898:D. frontalis
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1858:
1846:
1838:C. cucullata
1837:
1825:
1800:
1791:
1779:
1737:Superorder:
1667:
1612:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1563:
1549:
1546:Madge, Steve
1532:
1520:PDF fulltext
1515:
1499:
1485:
1466:
1455:. Retrieved
1451:the original
1446:
1437:
1429:
1423:. Retrieved
1416:the original
1407:
1403:
1396:
1388:
1382:. Retrieved
1378:the original
1373:
1363:
1352:. Retrieved
1346:
1337:
1326:. Retrieved
1322:
1312:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1226:the original
1216:
1205:. Retrieved
1201:the original
1196:
1187:
1176:. Retrieved
1171:
1162:
1142:
1135:
1116:
1110:
1099:. Retrieved
1094:
1085:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1046:
1021:
1015:
1002:
991:. Retrieved
987:the original
982:
972:
944:
935:
923:. Retrieved
919:
910:
894:
868:coerulescens
867:
863:
862:(from Greek
859:
855:
845:
837:
754:
750:caterpillars
743:
740:
728:
722:
711:
687:
680:
669:
658:
647:
619:
608:Conservation
594:
571:
553:
550:Reproduction
541:
525:
511:, and young
474:
439:
426:
387:
386:
382:
380:
371:
359:
345:
310:
308:
292:
291:
279:
29:
5623:NatureServe
5571:iNaturalist
5388:Wikispecies
5280:WikiProject
5190:Piciformes
5073:Australaves
5052:Suliformes
4970:Gruiformes
4825:(flamingos)
4734:Tetraoninae
4705:Phasianidae
4694:Rhynchortyx
4659:Dactylortyx
4526:Megapodidae
4516:Penelopinae
4474:Galliformes
4216:Rheiformes
4210:(ostriches)
4160:individuals
4034:Ornithology
4021:interaction
3776:Preen gland
3634:Gymnorhinus
3584:Dwarf jay (
3515:Green jay (
3479:Brown jay (
3418:C. chrysops
3398:Azure jay (
3391:C. beecheii
3358:C. stelleri
3349:C. cristata
3279:A. unicolor
3094:(continued)
3062:C. monedula
2995:C. capensis
2993:Cape crow (
2984:Pied crow (
2956:C. sinaloae
2947:C. palmarum
2936:Fish crow (
2741:C. unicolor
2669:C. pusillus
2580:Grey crow (
2501:C. bennetti
2404:P. nuttalli
2395:P. hudsonia
2317:Nutcrackers
2305:(continued)
2227:Ptilostomus
2068:U. caerulea
2035:C. jefferyi
1978:T. temnurus
1937:Platysmurus
1889:D. formosae
1860:Dendrocitta
1792:P. graculus
1781:Pyrrhocorax
1298:: 319-328.
718:Lake Placid
532:black racer
430:supercilium
423:Description
367:, 1795
355:, 1791
192:NatureServe
5739:Aphelocoma
5723:Categories
5701:Xeno-canto
5030:(penguins)
4883:(bustards)
4721:Perdicinae
4666:Dendrortyx
4638:Callipepla
4570:Megapodius
4535:Aepypodius
4413:Tadorninae
4395:true geese
4226:(tinamous)
4185:Neornithes
4096:Pheasantry
4071:Aviculture
3839:Incubation
3829:Lek mating
3613:C. turcosa
3595:C. pulchra
3454:C. dickeyi
3409:C. cayanus
3382:C. affinis
3371:Cyanocorax
3347:Blue jay (
3338:Cyanocitta
3325:C. formosa
3316:C. colliei
3219:Aphelocoma
3207:New World
3163:Perisoreus
3013:C. edithae
2929:C. nasicus
2920:C. minutus
2732:C. typicus
2630:C. kubaryi
2591:C. validus
2582:C. tristis
2546:C. mellori
2491:Melanesian
2487:Australian
2422:P. sericea
2215:P. pleskei
2206:P. panderi
2119:Old World
1871:D. bayleyi
1827:Crypsirina
1739:Neognathae
1733:Neornithes
1731:Subclass:
1457:2013-03-23
1425:2009-02-20
1384:2009-02-20
1354:2021-11-08
1328:2020-02-25
1207:2009-07-28
1178:2009-07-28
1101:2013-03-23
1055:Aphelocoma
1017:The Condor
993:2013-03-23
879:References
846:Aphelocoma
698:extinction
694:vulnerable
626:succession
560:Fledglings
537:passerines
497:tree frogs
477:omnivorous
399:native to
280:Aphelocoma
167:Vulnerable
5099:(parrots)
4943:(hoatzin)
4894:Strisores
4875:(turacos)
4867:(cuckoos)
4796:(mesites)
4715:(turkeys)
4687:Philortyx
4604:Agelastes
4597:Acryllium
4588:Numididae
4577:Talegalla
4487:gamebirds
4480:landfowls
4459:Anseranas
4423:Anhimidae
4382:Anserinae
4165:fictional
3887:dinosaurs
3882:Theropoda
3869:Evolution
3814:Migration
3796:Behaviour
3604:C. pumilo
3539:Cyanolyca
3301:Calocitta
3136:C. cyanus
3116:Cyanopica
2840:Holarctic
2793:C. corone
2784:C. cornix
2371:Holarctic
2327:Nucifraga
2235:Piapiac (
2160:G. lidthi
2095:U. ornata
1713:Kingdom:
1662:RealMedia
1265:0043-5643
850:Latinized
842:Etymology
830:Footnotes
746:fledgling
656:in 1987.
628:of large
573:Accipiter
521:germinate
454:sand pine
450:wildfires
397:scrub jay
287:Species:
225:Kingdom:
219:Eukaryota
138:Adult in
49:2–0
5628:2.103378
5615:22705629
5589:10666896
5458:22705629
5453:BirdLife
5373:Wikidata
5244:Category
5118:Afroaves
5046:(storks)
4848:Passerea
4833:(grebes)
4769:Columbea
4680:Oreortyx
4652:Cyrtonyx
4542:Alectura
4506:Cracinae
4498:Cracidae
4375:Oxyurini
4365:Aythyini
4360:Anatinae
4344:Anatidae
4091:Falconry
4054:big year
3909:Seabirds
3819:Foraging
3766:Feathers
3481:C. morio
3127:C. cooki
3091:Corvidae
3029:Jackdaws
2986:C. albus
2850:C. corax
2761:Eurasian
2537:C. meeki
2302:Corvidae
2254:bushcrow
2131:Garrulus
2057:Urocissa
1993:Oriental
1968:Temnurus
1847:C. temia
1817:Treepies
1761:Corvidae
1721:Chordata
1719:Phylum:
1715:Animalia
1703:Corvidae
1664:format).
1627:Archived
1523:Archived
1504:Archived
1273:85703624
943:(1791).
925:19 April
856:apheles-
725:Showtime
643:Sarasota
601:Fledging
583:Juvenile
337:Synonyms
269:Corvidae
265:Family:
239:Chordata
235:Phylum:
229:Animalia
215:Domain:
172:IUCN 3.1
40:Gelasian
5553:2482400
5440:Avibase
5379:Q530842
5344:Florida
5332:Biology
5320:Animals
5294:Portals
5256:Commons
4760:Neoaves
4645:Colinus
4611:Guttera
4549:Eulipoa
4370:Mergini
4234:(kiwis)
4218:(rheas)
4029:Ringing
3854:Hybrids
3849:Nesting
3804:Singing
3781:Plumage
3756:Dactyly
3726:Anatomy
3716:Outline
3706:: Aves)
3586:C. nana
3517:C. ynca
3107:magpies
3089:Family
3039:Coloeus
2969:species
2867:species
2842:species
2767:species
2651:C. enca
2643:species
2613:species
2564:C. orru
2493:species
2413:P. pica
2374:magpies
2300:Family
2237:P. afer
2173:Podoces
1996:magpies
1772:Choughs
1759:Family
1743:Order:
1725:Class:
1645:– VIREO
1038:1369850
983:Nwf.org
848:, from
760:Gallery
706:habitat
509:lizards
501:turtles
493:insects
489:peanuts
446:drought
436:Ecology
413:birders
409:Florida
405:endemic
393:species
352:Bartram
321:, 1795)
275:Genus:
255:Order:
245:Class:
190: (
170: (
142:, near
118:↓
5693:289509
5680:368165
5667:175629
5602:179693
5560:GNAB:
5537:FEIS:
5525:EURING
5514:ECOS:
5507:flsjay
5481:flsjay
5427:ARKive
5407:flscja
5268:Portal
5144:(owls)
4618:Numida
4556:Leipoa
4439:Chauna
4432:Anhima
4127:Genera
4101:Imping
4019:Human
3859:Colony
3786:Vision
3771:Flight
2800:Rook (
2476:Corvus
1570:
1556:
1539:
1492:
1271:
1263:
1150:
1123:
1036:
960:
505:snakes
481:acorns
44:recent
5654:75359
5641:39617
5584:IRMNG
5530:15370
5502:eBird
5478:BOW:
5308:Birds
4388:swans
4350:ducks
4320:fowls
4115:Lists
3739:Brain
3704:class
3700:Birds
3151:Grey
2861:North
2466:crows
2464:True
2006:Cissa
1656:from
1419:(PDF)
1412:(PDF)
1269:S2CID
1034:JSTOR
1012:(PDF)
872:Latin
788:Adult
641:near
517:cache
485:seeds
5636:NCBI
5610:IUCN
5597:ITIS
5576:7829
5548:GBIF
5540:apco
5517:6174
5494:FCWR
5471:9744
5466:BOLD
3761:Eggs
3749:milk
3744:Crop
3734:Beak
3209:jays
3153:jays
2863:and
2763:and
2489:and
2384:Pica
2121:jays
1727:Aves
1618:USGS
1568:ISBN
1554:ISBN
1537:ISBN
1490:ISBN
1261:ISSN
1148:ISBN
1121:ISBN
958:ISBN
927:2022
864:kome
860:coma
690:IUCN
630:oaks
597:eggs
513:mice
428:and
381:The
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