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within the order’s network. Each of the nine members are elected prior to the resignation, death, or the ending of a term of an abbot. Once elected by members of Fo Guang Shan, the votes are openly counted. The nine members then nominate their next abbot, who in practice was chosen by Hsing Yun personally. Eight members of the council are ordained monastics, and one is a non-voting layperson.
1461:
1750:
1634:
no entrance fee, and do not allow many of the practices commonly found in other
Chinese temples, such as fortune-telling or the presence of sales vendors. Despite the popularity of the organization, Fo Guang Shan has received criticism for being "too focused on commercialism, expanding its membership base, and building large temples." (Schak and Hsiao)
1633:
Fo Guang Shan's approach to Dharma propagation focuses on simplifying
Buddhism in order to make it more appealing to the masses. The organization is known for utilizing modern marketing techniques and methods to preach such as the use of laser shows and multimedia displays. Fo Guang Shan temples have
1554:
In 1972, Hsing Yun established a nine-member council, known as the Fo Guang Shan
Religious Affairs Committee, later renamed the Fo Guang Shan Board of Directors. These nine members govern and oversee the operations of the order through making appointments to various departments and other temples from
1472:
was established in 2000. It focuses mainly on the humanities and social sciences. The
Chinese Buddhist research institute is subdivided into four separate departments; a women's and men's college, and an international and English Buddhist studies department. Tuition fees and lodging are provided by
1591:
Hsing Yun is the only abbot to have served as such for more than two terms and was not elected by the board of directors. In the case of
Venerable Hsin Ping, he was also not officially elected, as he was Hsing Yun's designated heir apparent. After Hsin Ping died of sudden illness in 1995, the vice
1528:
of the historic Buddha. The site is situated immediately adjacent to the main monastery and covers more than 100 hectares. The complex faces east and is built along a central axial line. Beyond the
Welcoming Hall are eight Chinese-styled pagodas on either side of the main avenue leading up to the
1448:
The social and medical programs of Fo Guang Shan include a free medical clinic with mobile units that serve remote villages, an annual winter relief program organized to distribute warm clothing and food supplies to the needy, a children's and seniors' home, wildlife conservation areas to protect
1381:
In May 1997, Hsing Yun announced that he would close the mountain gate of Fo Guang Shan to the general public. His reason in closing the monastery was to give monastics the cloistered atmosphere they need for their
Buddhist practice. In practice, many Chinese monasteries have also closed their
1439:
Temples and organizations have been established in 173 countries throughout the world, and now encompasses more than 3,500 monastics. The organization emphasizes education and service, maintaining universities, Buddhist colleges, libraries, publishing houses, translation centres, Buddhist art
1285:
and is known for its efforts in the modernization of
Chinese Buddhism. The order is famous for its use of technology and its temples are often furnished with the latest equipment. Hsing Yun's stated position for Fo Guang Shan is that it is an "amalgam of all Eight Schools of Chinese Buddhism"
1568:. The abbot is the chairperson of the Board of Directors, serving a term of six years, with one reappointment by popular vote and, under exceptional circumstances, a second reappointment by two-thirds vote. The abbot is elected by all monastic members of Fo Guang Shan through public vote.
1563:
Unlike a traditional
Mahayana Buddhist monastery, where the incumbent abbot usually selects his successor, Fo Guang Shan directly elects an abbot to head the Order and its temple branches worldwide. The head of the FGS order and all of its branches is the abbot and chief executive of
1529:
Bodhi Square, about which are statues of the Buddha's main disciples and of the founders of the principal schools of
Chinese Buddhism. The path leads onto the Memorial Hall, which holds several shrines including the Jade Buddha Shrine. Above the hall are four
1390:
visited Fo Guang Shan, bringing with them the wish from their constituents that Fo Guang Shan reopen its mountain gate. After due consideration, Fo Guang Shan decided to reopen the monastery to some extent, thereby providing the public a place to practice
1626:
All branches of Fo Guang Shan organize pilgrimages to bring devotees to the monastery from different parts of Taiwan and overseas. Once pilgrims arrive, they are free to make use of all of the different activities that are open to the general public.
1592:
director of Fo Guang Shan, Venerable Hsin Ting was immediately elevated to serve the remaining years of Hsin Ping's term before he was elected to a term in his own right. Abbots have been elected according to FGS's constitution since then.
1595:
As with Hsing Yun, emeritus abbots do not leave the order when they retire. They continue to make Dharma talks throughout the world and become elder teachers of the order in their later years. Following Hsing Yun’s death, current abbot
1583:, or heart). In fact, all monastics of Fo Guang Shan have such a name, and several Elders also use theirs publicly. At the beginning of the year, the abbot-elect is inaugurated as the new director of Fo Guang Shan through a traditional
1587:
ceremony, receiving the robe, bowl, khakkhara, and a copy of the FGS constitution. In the case of Venerable Hsin Bau’s inauguration in 2013, he and 72 other monastics received dharma transmission from Hsing Yun along with him.
1362:
Fo Guang Shan has embarked on many construction projects, including university buildings, shrines, rectories, retirement homes, and a cemetery. In 1975, Fo Guang Shan's iconic 36-metre tall statue of
1366:
was consecrated. In 1981, 15 years after its establishment, the Great Hero Hall was built. During these times, many other Fo Guang Shan temples outside the order's mother monastery were also built.
2323:
1510:
3711:
1270:, and is the largest Buddhist monastery in Taiwan. The organization is also one of the largest charity organizations in Taiwan. The organization's counterpart for laypeople is known as the
1630:
An exception is made in mainland China, as the order focuses strongly on cultural exchange rather than religion as a way to introduce Buddhist ideas, as proselytizing is illegal in China.
1502:
In mainland China, Fo Guang Shan operates numerous cultural education programs and has built several libraries, even having gotten several books published through state controlled media.
1488:
in Taipei, Jiun Tou Elementary and Junior High School, Humanities Primary and Junior High School, which provides regular curriculum for students. Fo Guang Shan also has nursery schools,
3663:
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1452:
The organization also runs orphanages, homes for the elderly, and drug rehabilitation programs in prisons. Fo Guang Shan has also been involved in some international relief efforts.
1619:
programs of Fo Guang Shan include lectures given in prisons and factories; programs on television, radio, and online, large-scale public lectures in Taiwan and overseas, and the
1423:
On 5 February 2023 founder Hsing Yun died at his residence at the age of 95 in Kaoshiung, Taiwan. His funeral took place on 12 February 2023 in the presence of Taiwan President
3859:
672:
679:
1202:
3716:
1411:
2483:
Chandler, Stuart (2004). Establishing a Pure Land on Earth: The Foguang Buddhist Perspective on Modernization and Globalization. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
3869:
3760:
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2009:
3691:
2554:
1919:
1671:
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1499:, Fo Guang Shan is the only major Buddhist organization in Taiwan that offers some form of strictly secular education, as opposed to purely religious.
3548:
1797:
1524:(formerly called the Buddha Memorial Center) started with support from the Taiwanese government. The museum's Jade Buddha Shrine is purported to hold
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108 meters high. The Center was opened at an international ceremony on 25 December 2011 and the first anniversary celebrated on Christmas Day 2012.
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living creatures, and a cemetery for the care of the deceased. Fo Guang Shan's social work focuses primarily on helping the poor in remote areas.
1440:
galleries, teahouses, and mobile medical clinics. It has also established a children's room, retirement home, high school and television station.
688:
1765:
1666:
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3157:
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460:
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Shuai, J. J.; Chen, H. C.; Chang, C. H. (1 December 2010). "Visualization of the Taiwaness Buddhism web based on social network analysis".
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The educational programs of Fo Guang Shan include four Buddhist colleges, three regular colleges, and various community colleges. The
1464:
Fo Guang Shan's Sutra Repository, the home of the Institute of Humanistic Buddhism and library of over 50 editions of Buddhist canons.
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2109:
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1965:
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May the Buddha's Light shine upon the ten directions. May the Dharma stream continuously flow towards the five great continents.
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1420:
As of 2017, the order had over 1,000 monks and nuns, and over 1 million followers worldwide, with branches in fifty countries.
46:
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2228:
1855:
1402:, focusing more on charity and Chinese cultural revival rather than Buddhist propagation in order to avoid conflict with the
1395:. On top of its headquarters being the largest monastery in Taiwan, it has a network of over 300 branches throughout Taiwan.
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1993:
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mountain gates to give a cloistered atmosphere to the temple residents. At the end of 2000, then President
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as the site for the construction of a monastery. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on 16 May 1967.
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2471:
Globalizing Chinese Culture, Localizing Buddhist Teachings: the Internationalization of Foguangshan
1929:
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1406:(CCP), which opposes organized religion. Fo Guang Shan's presence in China increased under the
1369:
3409:
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3251:
3137:
3072:
2658:
2263:
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2157:
2105:
2070:
2001:
1961:
1955:
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1831:
1571:
Per tradition, the abbot-elect then begins to use their "inner name", in place of his/her own
1538:
1534:
1474:
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Fo Guang Shan, free of charge. Other prominent universities the order has established include
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273:
844:
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1608:
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1313:
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1112:
979:
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224:
185:
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544:
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3341:
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3301:
3276:
3271:
3062:
2477:
2358:
1849:
1084:
1019:
577:
559:
435:
415:
2035:
879:
2391:. Fo Guang Shan (Singapore) & Buddha's Light Association (Singapore). Archived from
2104:. Ministry of Buddhasasana and Religious Affairs, Government of Sri Lanka. p. 282.
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3614:
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1843:
1837:
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1352:
1336:
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390:
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52:
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509:
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375:
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2152:
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1914:
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231:
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in the United States, which offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in both
889:
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1819:
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425:
370:
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2005:
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1079:
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529:
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106:
72:
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939:
17:
1537:. Standing behind but separate from it, there is an enormous seated metal
685:
653:
621:
598:
2594:
2588:
1803:
1787:
1675:
1597:
1327:" or four major Buddhist organizations of Taiwanese Buddhism, along with
1029:
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994:
984:
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924:
849:
801:
751:
539:
335:
245:
133:
1954:
Harding, John S.; Hori, Victor Sōgen; Soucy, Alexander (29 March 2010).
3795:
1496:
1332:
1304:). The Fo Guang Shan order has several associated colleges, among them
989:
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811:
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455:
410:
297:
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195:
192:
1616:
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1247:
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1024:
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929:
864:
761:
110:
2202:"President, premier attend Buddhist master's funeral - Taipei Times"
1530:
1459:
1399:
1368:
1069:
969:
904:
380:
3201:
2392:
1693:
May kindness, compassion, joy, and equanimity pervade all worlds;
1417:
after he started a program to revive traditional Chinese faiths.
2502:
2444:
1699:
May Chan, Pure Land, and Precepts inspire equality and patience;
1386:
of the Republic of China (Taiwan) and government officials from
3742:
3205:
2506:
2293:
1670:
Main entrance to the Fo Guang Shan monastery. Seen also is the
1994:"Is a Buddhist Group Changing China? Or Is China Changing It?"
771:
3191:
Fo Guang Shan Philippines Humanistic Academy of Life and Arts
2495:
2176:"Fo Guang Shan founder Hsing Yun dies aged 95 - Taipei Times"
1319:
In Taiwan, Hsing Yun is popularly referred to as one of the "
305:
156:
1643:
To propagate Buddhist teachings through cultural activities
2098:
Abeynayake, Oliver; Tilakaratne, Asanga (1 January 2011).
1696:
May we cherish and build affinities to benefit all beings;
1652:
To purify human hearts and minds through Buddhist practice
3665:
National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism
2374:
3654:
National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology
3158:
Fo Guang Shan Educational and Cultural Centre New Delhi
2134:
Schak, David; Hsiao, Hsin-Huang Michael (1 June 2005).
2101:
2600 Years of Sambuddhatva: Global Journey of Awakening
1702:
May our humility and gratitude give rise to great vows.
1242:'Buddha's Light Mountain') is an international
278:
264:
250:
236:
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3776:
3684:
3644:
3637:
3557:
3471:
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3239:
3171:
3120:
3055:
2984:
2823:
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2611:
2604:
2563:
1600:became the permanent guiding teacher of the order.
1398:In the 2010s, Fo Guang Shan began establishment in
296:
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258:
244:
230:
223:
218:
206:
184:
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151:
139:
126:
116:
98:
86:
78:
68:
60:
3093:Fo Guang Shan Buddhist Temple of Western Australia
1612:Buddha statues in the main shrine of Fo Guang Shan
27:Worldwide Buddhist community founded by Hsing Yun
1623:initiation given twice a year at the monastery.
2936:Fo Guang Shan Meditation Society, Kota Kinabalu
2059:2010 International Computer Symposium (ICS2010)
1681:
2256:"A Buddhist Leader on China's Spiritual Needs"
2227:Juergensmeyer, Mark; Roof, Wade Clark (2012).
1649:To benefit society through charitable programs
1323:" and Fo Guang Shan is considered one of the "
3754:
3712:Municipal Kaohsiung Girls' Senior High School
3217:
2518:
1196:
190:
8:
1960:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. p. 283.
32:
3860:Religious organizations established in 1967
3692:Chung Shan Industrial and Commercial School
2136:"Taiwan's Socially Engaged Buddhist Groups"
1237:
3761:
3747:
3739:
3641:
3447:
3224:
3210:
3202:
2608:
2525:
2511:
2503:
2032:"Come to Taiwan,Return with good memories"
1678:, and the statue of Amitabha in far right.
1203:
1189:
322:
215:
45:
31:
3549:YM Museum of Marine Exploration Kaohsiung
2694:Fo Guang Shan Saint Louis Buddhist Center
2151:
1688:The Four Verses of Fo Guang Shan and BLIA
1246:organization and monastic order based in
2555:Buddha's Light International Association
1920:Buddha's Light International Association
1665:
1607:
1509:
1272:Buddha's Light International Association
2254:Johnson, Ian; Wu, Adam (24 June 2017).
1946:
1729:
334:
3870:Buddhist organizations based in Taiwan
3717:Municipal Kaohsiung Senior High School
3524:National Science and Technology Museum
280:
172:
2480:, Journal of Global Buddhism 3, 46–78
2304:from the original on 6 September 2017
7:
3659:National Kaohsiung Normal University
3037:Geneva Conference Centre of Buddhism
2881:Fo Guang Shan Neihu Chan Jing Center
2861:Fo Guang Shan Thousand Buddha Temple
2274:from the original on 26 January 2018
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2034:. Info.taiwan.net.tw. Archived from
2012:from the original on 31 January 2018
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1258:of Chan Buddhism. The headquarters,
3017:Fo Guang Shan Tempel Frankfurt e.V.
2931:Fo Guang Shan Macau Buddhist Centre
2926:Fo Guang Vihara (Hong Kong) Limited
1492:, and Sunday schools for children.
1351:purchased more than 30 hectares in
51:The Fo Guang Shan logo: a standing
3529:Republic of China Air Force Museum
2764:Templo Budista Fo Guang Shan Chile
2699:American Buddhist Cultural Society
2644:New Jersey Buddhist Culture Center
1886:Fo Guang Shan Temple, Christchurch
1646:To foster talent through education
25:
3458:Former British Consulate at Takao
3163:Fo Guang Shan Tsunglin University
2891:Fo Guang Shan Anguo Temple Taipei
1575:, with the first character being
3731:¹ — Mountain indigenous district
3676:National University of Kaohsiung
3012:Fo Guang Shan Tempel Berlin e.V.
2684:Denver Buddhist Cultural Society
1796:
1780:
1764:
1748:
1732:
1377:, the headquarters of the order.
344:
3671:National Sun Yat-sen University
3595:Kaohsiung International Airport
3494:Kaohsiung Hakka Cultural Museum
2734:Fo Guang Shan Temple of Toronto
2649:Fo Guang Buddhist Temple Boston
2230:Encyclopedia of Global Religion
1484:The organization also operates
306:
3770:Four Great Mountains of Taiwan
2871:Fo Guang Shan Taipei Way-Place
2851:Fo Guang Shan Yuan Ming Temple
2846:Fo Guang Shan Ling Shan Temple
2795:Bloemfontein Meditation Centre
2739:Vancouver Fo Guang Shan Temple
2371:"Fo Guang Shan Online Service"
2153:10.4000/chinaperspectives.2803
1957:Wild Geese: Buddhism in Canada
1856:Fo Guang Shan Temple, Auckland
1300:
1291:
1254:whose roots are traced to the
1232:
1223:
279:
265:
251:
237:
191:
1:
3504:Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts
3489:Kaohsiung Astronomical Museum
1992:Johnson, Ian (24 June 2017).
1905:Four Great Mountains (Taiwan)
1880:Fo Guang Shan New York Temple
1862:Fo Guang Shan Temple, Toronto
3707:Kaohsiung Medical University
3519:Meinong Hakka Culture Museum
2961:Fo Guang Shan Mabuhay Temple
2916:Fukuoka Fo Guang Shan Temple
2841:Fo Guang Shan Lanyang Temple
2417:(in Chinese). Archived from
2324:"Regional Interfaith report"
2067:10.1109/COMPSYM.2010.5685523
1910:Four Heavenly Kings (Taiwan)
1820:Fo Guang Shan Mabuhay Temple
147:FGS Sangha Affairs Committee
3590:Kaohsiung Fisherman's Wharf
3570:Chang-Gu World Trade Center
3509:Kaohsiung Museum of History
3078:Fo Guang Shan Er You Temple
2992:London Fo Guang Shan Temple
2941:Fo Guang Shan Temple, Tawau
2836:Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum
2790:Newcastle Meditation Centre
2689:Nevada Buddhist Association
1874:London Fo Guang Shan Temple
1522:Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum
1515:Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum
1506:Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum
1444:Social and medical programs
686:
654:
622:
599:
3886:
2921:Seoul Fo Guang Shan Temple
2886:Fo Guang Shan Da Ci Vihara
2876:Fo Guang Shan Pumen Temple
2856:Fo Guang Shan Ji Le Temple
2805:Miao Jue Meditation Centre
2704:The Light of Buddha Temple
3729:
3702:Kaohsiung Japanese School
3697:Kaohsiung American School
3514:Kaohsiung Museum of Labor
2800:Cape Town Cultural Centre
2674:Chung Mei Buddhist Temple
2540:
2469:Chandler, Stuart (2002).
1925:Beautiful Life Television
1244:Chinese Mahāyāna Buddhist
317:
214:
180:
44:
37:
3580:Dragon and Tiger Pagodas
2997:Fo Guang Shan Manchester
2810:Durban Meditation Centre
1721:Offer others convenience
38:
3499:Kaohsiung Harbor Museum
3185:Siddhartha: The Musical
3083:Fo Guang Shan Melbourne
2946:Fo Guang Shan Singapore
2831:Fo Guang Shan Monastery
2357:16 October 2014 at the
1834:, Queensland, Australia
1712:Offer others confidence
1566:Fo Guang Shan Monastery
1520:Building plans for the
1404:Chinese Communist Party
1375:Fo Guang Shan Monastery
1260:Fo Guang Shan Monastery
689:Śūraṅgama Samādhi Sūtra
210:Buddha's Light Mountain
103:Fo Guang Shan Monastery
82:Buddhist Monastic Order
3625:Urban Spotlight Arcade
3534:Soya-Mixed Meat Museum
3128:University of the West
2815:Fo Guang Shan du Congo
2744:Fo Guang Shan Montreal
2585:(1995–1997, 1997–2005)
1935:University of the West
1852:, Berkeley, Australia
1685:
1679:
1613:
1517:
1481:in the United States.
1479:University of the West
1465:
1378:
1310:University of the West
719:Tathāgataguhyaka Sūtra
666:Tathāgatagarbha sūtras
145:FGS Board of Directors
3463:Holy Rosary Cathedral
2605:Temples and Wayplaces
2476:11 April 2018 at the
2233:. SAGE. p. 406.
1870:, Central Florida, US
1669:
1611:
1513:
1463:
1412:CCP general secretary
1372:
1281:, the order promotes
680:Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra
657:Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra
601:Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra
586:Prajñāpāramitā sūtras
3786:Dharma Drum Mountain
3778:Four Great Mountains
3544:Takao Railway Museum
3002:Fo Guang Shan France
2976:Iloilo Fo Guang Yuan
2729:Fo Guang Shan Hawaii
2351:A Buddhist Christmas
2061:. pp. 187–191.
1726:Abbots and directors
1456:Educational programs
1329:Dharma Drum Mountain
1325:Four Great Mountains
1316:and secular fields.
431:Bodhisattva Precepts
391:Transcendent Virtues
3811:Four Heavenly Kings
3539:Taiwan Sugar Museum
3133:Fo Guang University
2654:IBPS North Carolina
2550:Humanistic Buddhism
2395:on 22 December 2014
2206:www.taipeitimes.com
2180:www.taipeitimes.com
2038:on 27 February 2012
1930:Fo Guang University
1585:dharma transmission
1533:that symbolize the
1470:Fo Guang University
1321:Four Heavenly Kings
1306:Fo Guang University
1283:Humanistic Buddhism
1277:Founded in 1967 by
1252:Humanistic Buddhism
1216:Fo Guang Shan (FGS)
1102:Regional traditions
641:Lalitavistara Sūtra
616:Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūtra
609:Mahāratnakūṭa Sūtra
505:Prajñāpāramitā Devī
421:Non-abiding Nirvana
386:Transcendent Wisdom
92:Humanistic Buddhism
34:
3600:Liuhe Night Market
3575:Cijin–Gushan ferry
3484:Cijin Shell Museum
3479:Chung Li-ho Museum
3153:Pu-Men High School
3148:Guang Ming College
3143:Nan Tien Institute
2724:Fo Guang Shan Guam
2447:on 6 December 2015
2260:The New York Times
2208:. 14 February 2023
2140:China Perspectives
1998:The New York Times
1900:Buddhism in Taiwan
1680:
1674:logo, a statue of
1614:
1604:Dharma propagation
1550:Board of directors
1518:
1486:Pu-Men High School
1477:in Taiwan and the
1466:
1393:Pure Land Buddhism
1379:
1373:An aerial view of
726:Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra
712:Golden Light Sutra
625:Vimalakirtinirdeśa
441:Bodhisattva stages
406:Consciousness-only
3842:
3841:
3736:
3735:
3725:
3724:
3633:
3632:
3199:
3198:
3138:Nanhua University
3116:
3115:
3073:Chung Tian Temple
2971:Yuan Thong Temple
2896:Bukouzan Housuiji
2659:Guang Ming Temple
2182:. 7 February 2023
2076:978-1-4244-7639-8
1868:Guang Ming Temple
1832:Chung Tian Temple
1718:Offer others hope
1539:Shakyamuni Buddha
1535:Four Noble Truths
1475:Nanhua University
1240:
1213:
1212:
698:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
673:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
648:Samādhirāja Sūtra
371:Mind of Awakening
337:Mahāyāna Buddhism
321:
320:
313:
312:
225:Standard Mandarin
171:
170:
90:Dissemination of
16:(Redirected from
3877:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3740:
3666:
3642:
3451:Historical sites
3448:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3203:
3108:FGS Christchurch
3032:IBPS Switzerland
2906:Tokyo Bukkozanji
2664:Xiang Yun Temple
2609:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2504:
2499:
2498:
2496:Official website
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2443:. Archived from
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2377:on 7 April 2006.
2373:. Archived from
2367:
2361:
2348:Lovelock, Yann,
2346:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2330:on 10 April 2013
2326:. Archived from
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2198:
2192:
2191:
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2187:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2155:
2131:
2116:
2115:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
1989:
1972:
1971:
1951:
1840:, California, US
1800:
1784:
1768:
1752:
1736:
1715:Offer others joy
1357:Kaohsiung County
1314:Buddhist Studies
1302:
1293:
1262:, is located in
1241:
1238:
1234:
1225:
1205:
1198:
1191:
980:Hongzhi Zhengjue
797:Tibetan Buddhism
705:Ghanavyūha sūtra
693:
661:
634:Pure Land Sutras
629:
604:
565:Wrathful deities
348:
338:
323:
309:
308:
285:
284:
283:
268:
267:
254:
253:
240:
239:
216:
202:
201:
173:
167:
164:
162:
160:
158:
49:
35:
21:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3865:Buddhist orders
3845:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3805:
3772:
3767:
3737:
3732:
3721:
3680:
3664:
3646:
3629:
3553:
3467:
3439:
3235:
3230:
3200:
3195:
3167:
3112:
3068:IBAA Parramatta
3063:Nan Tien Temple
3051:
2980:
2951:Dong Zen Temple
2819:
2768:
2624:Hsi Fang Temple
2600:
2559:
2536:
2531:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2478:Wayback Machine
2466:
2461:
2460:
2450:
2448:
2441:"FGS Singapore"
2439:
2438:
2434:
2424:
2422:
2421:on 1 March 2021
2413:
2412:
2408:
2398:
2396:
2389:"FGS Singapore"
2387:
2386:
2382:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2359:Wayback Machine
2347:
2343:
2333:
2331:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2277:
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2209:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2133:
2132:
2119:
2112:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2077:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
1991:
1990:
1975:
1968:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1896:
1891:
1850:Nan Tien Temple
1828:, Cotia, Brazil
1815:
1808:
1806:
1801:
1792:
1790:
1785:
1776:
1774:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1753:
1744:
1742:
1737:
1728:
1709:
1707:BLIA guidelines
1690:
1664:
1659:
1640:
1606:
1561:
1552:
1547:
1508:
1458:
1446:
1437:
1364:Amitābha Buddha
1345:
1301:bāzōng jiānhóng
1250:that practices
1209:
1180:
1179:
1103:
1095:
1094:
1090:Thích Nhất Hạnh
1085:14th Dalai Lama
1020:Abhayākaragupta
835:
827:
826:
742:
732:
731:
580:
578:Mahayana sutras
570:
569:
480:
466:
465:
436:Bodhisattva vow
356:
336:
260:Gwoyeu Romatzyh
207:Literal meaning
155:
146:
142:
129:
119:
56:
40:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3801:Chung Tai Shan
3798:
3793:
3788:
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3622:
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3615:Pratas Islands
3612:
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3592:
3587:
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3309:
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3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3233:Kaohsiung City
3231:
3229:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3206:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3181:
3175:
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3169:
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3165:
3160:
3155:
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3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3088:IBAA Chatswood
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2956:Hsingma Temple
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2866:Jiantan Temple
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2785:Pu Jiue Temple
2782:
2780:Nan Hua Temple
2776:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2759:IBPS Argentina
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2714:IBPS South Bay
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2639:IBPS Deer Park
2636:
2631:
2629:San Bao Temple
2626:
2621:
2619:Hsi Lai Temple
2615:
2613:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2597:(2013–present)
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2489:
2488:External links
2486:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2432:
2406:
2380:
2362:
2341:
2315:
2285:
2246:
2239:
2219:
2193:
2167:
2117:
2110:
2090:
2075:
2049:
2023:
1973:
1966:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1882:. New York, US
1877:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1846:, South Africa
1844:Nan Hua Temple
1841:
1838:Hsi Lai Temple
1835:
1829:
1823:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1807:(2013–present)
1802:
1795:
1793:
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1697:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1663:
1662:Official motto
1660:
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1636:
1605:
1602:
1560:
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1507:
1504:
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1454:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1429:Chen Chien-jen
1400:mainland China
1384:Chen Shui-bian
1344:
1341:
1337:Chung Tai Shan
1308:in Taiwan and
1264:Dashu District
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1185:
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1177:
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1100:
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1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1045:Rangjung Dorje
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1015:Ratnākaraśānti
1012:
1007:
1005:Śaṅkaranandana
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
955:Shāntarakshita
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
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872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
836:
833:
832:
829:
828:
825:
824:
822:Chung Tai Shan
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
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532:
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525:Avalokiteśvara
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
481:
472:
471:
468:
467:
464:
463:
461:Three Turnings
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
416:Three vehicles
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
381:Skillful Means
378:
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219:Transcriptions
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208:
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203:
188:
182:
181:
178:
177:
169:
168:
153:
149:
148:
143:
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124:
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120:
118:Region served
117:
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113:
100:
96:
95:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
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66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
50:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3882:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3855:Fo Guang Shan
3853:
3852:
3850:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3791:Fo Guang Shan
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3752:
3750:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3728:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:Other schools
3683:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
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3207:
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3174:
3172:Miscellaneous
3170:
3164:
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3141:
3139:
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33:Fo Guang Shan
30:
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3790:
3647:universities
3620:Shoushan Zoo
3565:85 Sky Tower
3184:
3179:Wu Po-hsiung
3103:FGS Auckland
3098:IBAA Kogarah
3022:IBPS Belgium
2709:IBPS Chicago
2533:
2464:Bibliography
2449:. Retrieved
2445:the original
2435:
2423:. Retrieved
2419:the original
2409:
2397:. Retrieved
2393:the original
2383:
2375:the original
2365:
2350:
2344:
2332:. Retrieved
2328:the original
2318:
2306:. Retrieved
2297:
2288:
2276:. Retrieved
2259:
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2229:
2222:
2210:. Retrieved
2205:
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2179:
2170:
2143:
2139:
2100:
2093:
2058:
2052:
2040:. Retrieved
2036:the original
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
1997:
1956:
1949:
1915:Linji school
1682:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1594:
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1576:
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1526:tooth relics
1519:
1501:
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1438:
1427:and Premier
1425:Tsai Ing-wen
1422:
1419:
1397:
1380:
1361:
1346:
1318:
1299:
1276:
1256:Linji school
1231:
1215:
1214:
1075:D. T. Suzuki
880:Buddhapālita
806:
724:
717:
710:
703:
696:
687:
678:
671:
664:
656:
646:
639:
632:
623:
614:
607:
592:
584:
478:Bodhisattvas
411:Three bodies
291:Southern Min
266:Forguangshan
232:Hanyu Pinyin
99:Headquarters
55:over a globe
29:
3444:Attractions
3027:IBPS Sweden
2679:IBPS Kansas
2669:IBPS Dallas
2591:(2005–2013)
2579:(1985–1995)
2573:(1967–1985)
2451:22 December
2399:22 December
2308:6 September
2042:15 February
1791:(2005–2013)
1775:(1997–2005)
1759:(1985–1995)
1743:(1967–1985)
1573:dharma name
1495:Along with
1113:Han Chinese
935:Amoghavajra
910:Bodhidharma
900:Candrakīrti
895:Dharmakīrti
890:Bhāvaviveka
845:Ashvaghosha
834:Key figures
593:Lotus Sūtra
550:Ākāśagarbha
545:Kṣitigarbha
535:Vajrasattva
426:One Vehicle
361:Bodhisattva
238:Fóguāngshān
61:Established
18:Foguangshan
3849:Categories
3610:Love River
3605:Lotus Pond
3585:Dream Mall
3047:IBPS Spain
3007:IBPS Paris
2719:IBPS Miami
2425:25 October
2334:29 January
2294:"佛光山佛陀紀念館"
2186:7 February
1941:References
1638:Objectives
1545:Governance
1435:Activities
1415:Xi Jinping
1408:leadership
1355:Township,
1055:Longchenpa
1050:Tsongkhapa
965:Mazu Daoyi
950:Shāntideva
875:Sthiramati
870:Vasubandhu
860:Kumārajīva
817:Fa Gu Shan
747:Mādhyamaka
495:Adi-Buddha
485:Shakyamuni
446:Pure Lands
401:Two truths
366:Buddhahood
252:ㄈㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄤ ㄕㄢ
141:Main organ
132:Most Ven.
128:Head Abbot
3834:Wei Chueh
3829:Cheng Yen
3824:Hsing Yun
3819:Sheng-yen
3638:Education
3240:Districts
2911:Osaka FGS
2583:Hsin Ting
2577:Hsin Ping
2571:Hsing Yun
2545:Hsing Yun
2268:0362-4331
2162:1996-4617
2006:0362-4331
1772:Hsin Ting
1756:Hsin Ping
1740:Hsing Yun
1388:Kaohsiung
1349:Hsing Yun
1347:In 1967,
1279:Hsing Yun
1268:Kaohsiung
1170:Indonesia
1080:Sheng-yen
855:Lokakṣema
840:Nāgārjuna
792:Vajrayāna
782:Pure Land
530:Vajrapāṇi
515:Vairocana
500:Akshobhya
396:Emptiness
355:Teachings
122:Worldwide
107:Kaohsiung
73:Hsing Yun
3415:Yancheng
3410:Tianliao
3394:Siaogang
3369:Niaosong
3327:Liouguei
3297:Gangshan
3292:Fongshan
3252:Cianjhen
2612:Americas
2595:Hsin Bau
2589:Hsin Pei
2474:Archived
2355:Archived
2302:Archived
2298:佛光山佛陀紀念館
2272:Archived
2085:18858823
2010:Archived
1894:See also
1864:, Canada
1813:Branches
1804:Hsin Bau
1788:Hsin Pei
1676:Maitreya
1598:Hsin Bau
1165:Malaysia
1160:Mongolia
1000:Nichiren
925:Xuanzang
850:Āryadeva
802:Dzogchen
787:Nichiren
752:Yogācāra
540:Maitreya
520:Mañjuśrī
490:Amitabha
328:a series
326:Part of
246:Bopomofo
134:Hsin Bau
3796:Tzu Chi
3645:Public
3472:Museums
3435:Zuoying
3430:Zihguan
3420:Yanchao
3404:Taoyuan
3399:Sinsing
3389:Shanlin
3374:Qieding
3353:Namasia
3337:Meinong
3322:Linyuan
3312:Jiasian
3262:Ciaotou
3257:Cianjin
3121:Schools
3056:Oceania
2415:"佛光四句偈"
2278:25 June
2212:20 July
2016:25 June
1497:Tzu Chi
1343:History
1333:Tzu Chi
1288:Chinese
1220:Chinese
1140:Tibetan
1135:Vietnam
1065:Hanshan
1040:Dolpopa
990:Shinran
920:Shandao
915:Huineng
885:Dignāga
812:Tzu Chi
777:Shingon
757:Tiantai
474:Buddhas
456:Dharani
298:Hokkien
186:Chinese
152:Website
87:Purpose
69:Founder
3558:Others
3425:Yongan
3384:Sanmin
3364:Neimen
3359:Nanzih
3342:Maolin
3317:Lingya
3302:Gushan
3277:Daliao
3272:Cishan
2985:Europe
2773:Africa
2564:Abbots
2266:
2237:
2160:
2146:(59).
2108:
2083:
2073:
2004:
1964:
1657:Mottos
1617:Dharma
1579:("心",
1559:Abbots
1531:stupas
1335:, and
1298::
1296:pinyin
1290::
1248:Taiwan
1230::
1228:pinyin
1222::
1155:Bhutan
1120:Taiwan
1060:Hakuin
1030:Atisha
1025:Nāropā
1010:Virūpa
960:Wohnyo
940:Saichō
930:Fazang
865:Asanga
767:Huayan
762:Tendai
111:Taiwan
53:Buddha
3379:Renwu
3348:Mituo
3332:Lujhu
3307:Hunei
3287:Dashe
3282:Dashu
3267:Cijin
3247:Alian
2081:S2CID
1353:Dashu
1150:Newar
1145:Nepal
1130:Korea
1125:Japan
1108:China
1070:Taixu
995:Dōgen
985:Hōnen
970:Jinul
945:Kūkai
905:Zhiyi
2824:Asia
2453:2014
2427:2019
2401:2014
2336:2013
2310:2017
2280:2017
2264:ISSN
2235:ISBN
2214:2024
2188:2023
2158:ISSN
2144:2005
2106:ISBN
2071:ISBN
2044:2012
2018:2017
2002:ISSN
1962:ISBN
1876:, UK
1672:BLIA
1577:Hsin
1292:八宗兼弘
1239:lit.
1175:West
560:Tara
476:and
161:.org
159:.fgs
79:Type
64:1967
2148:doi
2063:doi
1581:xin
1410:of
1224:佛光山
772:Zen
301:POJ
274:IPA
165:/en
163:.tw
157:www
39:佛光山
3851::
2300:.
2296:.
2270:.
2262:.
2258:.
2204:.
2178:.
2156:.
2142:.
2138:.
2120:^
2079:.
2069:.
2008:.
2000:.
1996:.
1976:^
1431:.
1339:.
1331:,
1294:;
1274:.
1266:,
1236:;
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2020:.
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199:山
196:光
193:佛
20:)
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