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husbands. Despite this perception, women have earned themselves a solid position in the
Chinese workforce. While Hsing Yun did not advocate for women being forced out of workplaces, he cautioned men about the problems that might arise in a household if a woman is not at home to keep things in order. However, Buddhist nuns have been gaining a place as of 1998 in which 136 women from a variety of Buddhist traditions were ordained into the Fo Guang Shan tradition in China. Taiwan has also had ordination available to Buddhist nuns for centuries.
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751:'s Buddhist Orders issued in 1391. These created three categories of the sangha, or monastic class: meditation monks, teaching monks and yoga monks. These yoga monks were responsible for performing rituals for the dead. This led to certain monks taking on the roles of monks on call who performed rituals to earn their livelihood. These monks on call made up a majority of the sangha by the end of the
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practice. Humanistic
Buddhists believe that death is not an end so much as the beginning of a new life and therefore rituals at the end of life should comfort and pacify the dying individual. They also hold ceremonies that celebrate marriage and the happiness of married couples which are popular worldwide.
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new religious movement, "The essence of
Buddhist humanism lies in the insistence that human beings exercise their spiritual capacities to the limit, or more accurately, without limit, coupled with an unshakable belief in their ability to do this. In this way, faith in humanity is absolutely central
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One controversy of humanistic
Buddhism is the role of women in society. Hsing Yun held a conservative perspective as to the position of women and published a variety of articles for men on how to maintain a functioning household and for women on how to provide proper companionship and please their
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while bound in an earthly form. Humanistic
Buddhism is based on six core concepts, namely humanism, altruism, spiritual practices as part of daily life, joyfulness, timeliness and the universality of saving all beings. From these principles, the aim of humanistic Buddhism is to reconnect Buddhist
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aspects of ritual and tailor their practices and worship to benefit the living, rather than the dead. Fo Guang Shan are known for their
Recitation Teams, which they send to hospitals and hospice care facilities to assist the dying and their loved ones in performing humanistic Buddhist ritual
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Humanistic
Buddhism originated in China at the beginning of the 20th century. The movement emerged as a collective attempt to emphasize the importance of serving the living in Buddhist practice, rather than placing focus on the traditional Buddhist rituals for the dead. After the
611:, used the term humanistic Buddhism to indicate a criticism against the "deification" of Buddhism, which was another common feature of much of Chinese Buddhism, in his articles and books. It was Yin Shun and other disciples of Taixu who brought both of these two terms to
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was the key figure in the doctrinal exposition of
Buddhism and thus humanistic Buddhism in Taiwan. However, he was not particularly active in the social or political spheres of life. This was to be carried out by a younger generation such as
851:
Bingenheimer, Marcus (2007). "Some
Remarks on the Usage of Renjian Fojiao 人間佛教 and the Contribution of Venerable Yinshun to Chinese Buddhist Modernism". In Hsu, Mutsu; Chen, Jinhua; Meeks, Lori (eds.).
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Ho, Jacqueline (2008). "The
Practice of Yin Shun's Ren Jian Fo Jiao: A Case Study of Fu Yan College, Dharma Drum Mountain and Tzu Chi Buddhist Compassion Relief". MA thesis. University of Calgary.
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is one of the most popular humanistic Buddhist organizations in present-day Taiwan. They have done work to reform and re-invent more traditional ritual practices. They strive to highlight
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Buddhism that he wished to correct, namely, an emphasis on spirits and ghosts ("human") and funeral services and rites ("life"). His disciples continued this emphasis.
627:. It was in Taiwan that the term humanistic Buddhism became the most commonly used term, particularly amongst the religious leaders who originally hailed from China.
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790:(1927–2023) was widely considered a contemporary leader in the humanistic Buddhist movement in Taiwan and was the founder of Fo Guang Shan in the 1960s. He wrote
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practice with the ordinary and places emphasis on caring for the material world, not solely concerned with achieving delivery from it.
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Humanistic Buddhism for Social Well-Being: An Overview of Grand Master Hsing Yun's Interpretation
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Yu, Xue (2013). "Re-Creation of Rituals in Humanistic Buddhism: A Case Study of Fo Guang Shan".
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Encountering the Dharma: Daisaku Ikeda, Soka Gakkai, and the Globalization of Buddhist Humanism
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Humanistic Buddhism integrates Buddhist practices into everyday life based on the nature of
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practices into everyday life and shifting the focus of ritual from the dead to the living.
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Taixu also used the term Buddhism for the Human World, or popularly humanistic Buddhism (
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Development and Practice of Humanitarian Buddhism: Interdisciplinary Perspectives
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Another aspect of manifesting the teaching of Humanistic Buddhism is the
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861:. Hua-lien (Taiwan): Tzuchi University Press. pp. 141–161.
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activist and thinker who advocated the reform and renewal of
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706:. These four figures, collectively known as the
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676:Buddhism and new religious movements in Taiwan
533:practiced by Buddhist groups originating from
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986:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 85–91.
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1894:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
738:History of Chinese Buddhist ritual practice
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560:, used the term Buddhism for Human Life (
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
537:which places an emphasis on integrating
3081:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
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3284:List of Buddhist architecture in China
802:Gender equality in humanistic Buddhism
668:and the study of the common tenets of
56:Please improve this article by adding
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144:, a Humanistic Buddhist organization
368:Humanistischer Verband Deutschlands
3071:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1034:. University of California Press.
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3299:Thai temple art and architecture
3044:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1284:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
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763:which promoted ritual practice.
710:of Taiwanese Buddhism, head the
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1051:"The Virtues of Asian Humanism"
1030:Hughes Seager, Richard (2006).
3289:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3091:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2171:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
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378:Norwegian Humanist Association
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3304:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1072:Ikeda, D. (15 October 2010).
1005:. Buddha's Light Publishing.
358:American Humanist Association
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58:secondary or tertiary sources
3061:Buddhism and the Roman world
3037:Decline of Buddhism in India
3032:History of Buddhism in India
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2259:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
1999:
1088:Pittman, Don Alvin (2001),
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3209:The unanswerable questions
1001:Guruge, Ananda Wp (2003).
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3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3049:Greco-Buddhism
3046:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2982:United Kingdom
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2927:Czech Republic
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2806:
2801:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2691:Abhidharmadīpa
2688:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2609:B. R. Ambedkar
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2529:Songtsen Gampo
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2333:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2208:Eight precepts
2205:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2087:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1996:
1986:
1981:
1979:Five Strengths
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1618:Mental factors
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1559:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1470:Mahamoggallāna
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1385:Avalokiteśvara
1381:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1085:
1082:978-1848854833
1074:A New Humanism
1070:
1046:
1040:
1027:
1017:
1011:
996:
993:
990:
989:
974:
955:(4): 350–364.
934:
908:
896:
874:
867:
837:
836:
834:
831:
830:
829:
824:
819:
812:
809:
803:
800:
784:
781:
768:
765:
759:following the
739:
736:
728:Chung Tai Shan
680:Main article:
677:
674:
661:to Buddhism".
656:, head of the
649:
646:
632:
629:
604:rénjiān fójiào
546:
543:
529:) is a modern
526:rénjiān fójiào
504:
503:
501:
500:
493:
486:
478:
475:
474:
469:
468:
463:
457:
454:
453:
450:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
417:
416:
411:
405:
404:
400:
399:
398:
395:
394:
391:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
344:
340:
339:
338:
335:
334:
330:
329:
324:
322:Transcendental
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
243:
242:
238:
237:
236:
233:
232:
228:
227:
220:
219:
218:
213:
202:
201:
197:
196:
195:
192:
191:
172:
164:
163:
157:
156:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3802:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3785:Fo Guang Shan
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3748:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3688:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3521:Miscellaneous
3518:
3512:
3511:Vegetarianism
3509:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3333:Buddha in art
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2987:United States
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2544:Padmasambhava
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2456:Major figures
2453:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2402:Western tulku
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:Five precepts
2201:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2181:Dhamma vicaya
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1949:Buddhābhiṣeka
1947:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Enlightenment
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1583:Dhamma theory
1581:
1579:
1578:Buddha-nature
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1417:Samantabhadra
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
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71: –
70:
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65:Find sources:
59:
53:
52:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
26:
22:
3699:Bodhisattvas
3619:Christianity
3614:Baháʼí Faith
3479:Dharmachakra
3469:Prayer wheel
3459:Prayer beads
3227:Architecture
3183:
3106:969 Movement
2890:Saudi Arabia
2868:Central Asia
2861:South Africa
2683:
2666:
2599:Panchen Lama
2504:Buddhapālita
2100:Satipatthana
2095:Mindful Yoga
2008:Recollection
1922:Brahmavihara
1793:Japanese Zen
1788:Chinese Chan
1748:Animal realm
1555:Key concepts
1377:Bodhisattvas
1189:Three Jewels
1089:
1073:
1062:. Retrieved
1049:Gier, Nick.
1031:
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948:
925:. Retrieved
911:
899:
887:. Retrieved
877:
854:
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795:
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770:
761:Yuan dynasty
753:Qing dynasty
745:Ming dynasty
741:
685:
670:non-violence
663:
651:
634:
602:
588:
580:Qing dynasty
573:
548:
545:Nomenclature
524:
508:
507:
422:Confucianism
414:Posthumanism
409:Antihumanism
363:Humanists UK
246:
222:
177:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
44:
3544:Dharma talk
3373:Asalha Puja
3169:Eschatology
2972:Switzerland
2952:New Zealand
2880:Middle East
2789:Philippines
2709:Afghanistan
2514:Bodhidharma
2499:Buddhaghosa
2419:Householder
2329:Monasticism
2282:Bodhisattva
2137:Prostration
2090:Mindfulness
2018:Anapanasati
2001:Kammaṭṭhāna
1798:Korean Seon
1738:Asura realm
1733:Human realm
1673:Ten Fetters
1628:Parinirvana
1530:Uppalavanna
1495:Mahākaccana
1480:Mahākassapa
1412:Kṣitigarbha
1407:Ākāśagarbha
1304:Suddhodāna
1249:Four sights
1176:Foundations
889:22 February
658:Soka Gakkai
292:Rationalist
257:Existential
187: 1490
3774:Categories
3661:Psychology
3641:Gnosticism
3629:Comparison
3624:Influences
3606:Comparison
3489:Bhavacakra
3447:Kushinagar
3422:Pilgrimage
3368:Māgha Pūjā
3323:Bodhi Tree
3139:Buddhology
3129:Abhidharma
3121:Philosophy
3054:Menander I
2922:Costa Rica
2873:Uzbekistan
2714:Bangladesh
2668:Dhammapada
2652:Pali Canon
2614:Ajahn Chah
2594:Dalai Lama
2494:Kumārajīva
2489:Vasubandhu
2464:The Buddha
2372:Zen master
2307:Sakadagami
2287:Buddhahood
2218:Pratimokṣa
2033:Shikantaza
1989:Meditation
1964:Deity yoga
1835:Madhyamaka
1728:Deva realm
1623:Mindstream
1573:Bodhicitta
1485:Aṅgulimāla
1352:Devadatta
1328:Yaśodharā
1231:The Buddha
1221:Middle Way
833:References
641:Buddhahood
639:achieving
631:Background
582:and early
531:philosophy
80:newspapers
47:references
3729:Festivals
3709:Buddhists
3671:Theosophy
3474:Symbolism
3464:Hama yumi
3437:Bodh Gaya
3204:Socialism
3179:Evolution
3154:Economics
2992:Venezuela
2907:Australia
2902:Argentina
2826:Sri Lanka
2821:Singapore
2739:Indonesia
2701:Countries
2642:Tripiṭaka
2604:Ajahn Mun
2479:Nagarjuna
2474:Aśvaghoṣa
2357:Anagārika
2352:Śrāmaṇerī
2347:Śrāmaṇera
2342:Bhikkhunī
2302:Sotāpanna
2191:Passaddhi
2132:Offerings
2107:Nekkhamma
1984:Iddhipada
1904:Practices
1874:Theravada
1847:Vajrayana
1840:Yogachara
1810:Pure Land
1723:Six Paths
1710:Cosmology
1490:Anuruddha
1465:Sāriputta
1455:Kaundinya
1447:Disciples
1422:Vajrapāṇi
1274:Footprint
1239:Tathāgata
969:144403167
817:Hsing Yun
788:Hsing Yun
783:Hsing Yun
718:, namely
704:Cheng Yen
700:Wei Chueh
696:Sheng-yen
692:Hsing Yun
327:Universal
297:Religious
287:Personism
252:Christian
216:in France
3790:Mahayana
3747:Category
3676:Violence
3646:Hinduism
3594:Sanskrit
3549:Hinayana
3534:Amitābha
3494:Swastika
3363:Uposatha
3353:Holidays
3338:Calendar
3184:Humanism
3022:Kanishka
3012:Timeline
2836:Thailand
2804:Kalmykia
2799:Buryatia
2784:Pakistan
2769:Mongolia
2764:Maldives
2759:Malaysia
2724:Cambodia
2589:Shamarpa
2584:Nichiren
2534:Xuanzang
2469:Nagasena
2387:Rinpoche
2117:Pāramitā
1959:Devotion
1879:Navayana
1867:Dzogchen
1830:Nichiren
1778:Mahayana
1770:Branches
1648:Saṅkhāra
1397:Mañjuśrī
1354:(cousin)
1346:(cousin)
1314:(mother)
1306:(father)
1294:Miracles
1244:Birthday
1161:Glossary
1134:Buddhism
811:See also
687:Yin Shun
609:Yin Shun
539:Buddhist
466:Category
401:See also
312:Theistic
262:Integral
247:Buddhist
161:Humanism
153:a series
151:Part of
3724:Temples
3704:Buddhas
3666:Science
3656:Judaism
3651:Jainism
3569:Lineage
3529:Abhijñā
3499:Thangka
3442:Sarnath
3427:Lumbini
3348:Funeral
3343:Cuisine
3219:Culture
3194:Reality
3144:Creator
3134:Atomism
3004:History
2977:Ukraine
2937:Germany
2856:Senegal
2846:Vietnam
2774:Myanmar
2574:Shinran
2564:Karmapa
2539:Shandao
2509:Dignāga
2434:Śrāvaka
2414:Donchee
2409:Kappiya
2367:Sayadaw
2337:Bhikkhu
2312:Anāgāmi
2269:Nirvana
2235:Samadhi
2122:Paritta
2063:Tonglen
2058:Mandala
2013:Smarana
1994:Mantras
1942:Upekkha
1912:Bhavana
1862:Shingon
1815:Tiantai
1668:Tathātā
1658:Śūnyatā
1653:Skandha
1643:Saṃsāra
1638:Rebirth
1613:Kleshas
1603:Indriya
1505:Subhūti
1390:Guanyin
1344:Ānanda
1336:Rāhula
1216:Nirvana
1156:Outline
1064:22 June
927:22 June
776:Dharmic
732:Tzu Chi
623:by the
591:Chinese
562:Chinese
513:Chinese
461:Outline
302:Secular
272:Marxist
198:History
94:scholar
3719:Sutras
3714:Suttas
3579:Siddhi
3564:Koliya
3539:Brahmā
3454:Poetry
3400:Mantra
3390:Kasaya
3262:Pagoda
3242:Kyaung
3237:Vihāra
3232:Temple
3174:Ethics
3017:Ashoka
2967:Sweden
2962:Poland
2957:Norway
2947:Mexico
2932:France
2917:Canada
2912:Brazil
2851:Africa
2831:Taiwan
2794:Russia
2719:Bhutan
2679:Vinaya
2559:Naropa
2549:Saraha
2484:Asanga
2240:Prajñā
2149:Refuge
2112:Nianfo
2073:Tertön
2068:Tantra
2053:Ganana
2043:Tukdam
1969:Dhyāna
1937:Mudita
1932:Karuṇā
1825:Risshū
1820:Huayan
1753:Naraka
1693:Anattā
1688:Dukkha
1683:Anicca
1588:Dharma
1540:Channa
1475:Ānanda
1460:Assaji
1427:Skanda
1330:(wife)
1299:Family
1279:Relics
1204:Sangha
1199:Dharma
1194:Buddha
1080:
1038:
1023:
1009:
967:
923:. 1996
906:(PDF).
865:
613:Taiwan
601::
599:pinyin
593::
572::
570:pinyin
564::
523::
521:pinyin
515::
317:Trans-
307:Super-
267:Jewish
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
23:, see
3691:Lists
3559:Kalpa
3554:Iddhi
3417:Music
3412:Mudra
3378:Vassa
3358:Vesak
3328:Budai
3274:Candi
3257:Stupa
3189:Logic
2942:Italy
2841:Tibet
2779:Nepal
2749:Korea
2744:Japan
2734:India
2729:China
2674:Sutra
2629:Texts
2579:Dōgen
2569:Hōnen
2554:Atiśa
2519:Zhiyi
2429:Achar
2397:Tulku
2392:Geshe
2377:Rōshi
2362:Ajahn
2317:Arhat
2277:Bodhi
2247:Vīrya
2164:Sacca
2159:Satya
2154:Sādhu
2142:Music
2085:Merit
2078:Terma
2038:Zazen
1974:Faith
1927:Mettā
1608:Karma
1568:Bardo
1535:Asita
1525:Khema
1515:Upāli
1500:Nanda
1338:(son)
1312:Māyā
1289:Films
1166:Index
965:S2CID
859:(PDF)
550:Taixu
239:Forms
101:JSTOR
87:books
3589:Pāḷi
3574:Māra
3484:Flag
2885:Iran
2809:Tuva
2754:Laos
2382:Lama
2230:Śīla
2198:Śīla
2186:Pīti
2176:Sati
2127:Puja
2048:Koan
1954:Dāna
1545:Yasa
1432:Tārā
1078:ISBN
1066:2015
1036:ISBN
1021:ISBN
1007:ISBN
929:2015
891:2016
863:ISBN
730:and
702:and
595:人間佛教
566:人生佛教
552:, a
517:人間佛教
282:Pan-
277:Neo-
73:news
3311:Art
3247:Wat
1783:Zen
957:doi
176:'s
49:to
3776::
2813:ru
1076:.
1057::
1053:.
963:.
953:23
951:.
937:^
919:.
841:^
734:.
726:,
722:,
698:,
694:,
672:.
597:;
568:;
519:;
184:c.
155:on
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1068:.
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1015:.
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27:.
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