1025:. Support provided includes training programs and soil analysis that seeks to help farmers make the most of their land. OCP Africa operates in 16 African nations and has 12 subsidiary companies. OCP's largest African operation outside of Morocco, in Ethiopia, is set to expand significantly on the completion of a new fertilizer blending unit that will increase supply of customized fertilizer.
1520:
116:
99:
40:
591:, representing 23% of the group's total output. Since 2017, the mine has been one of Mohammed VI Polytechnic University's testing sites that is open to the scientific community and allows researchers from partner universities to test full-scale solutions in key areas. Called the "Advanced Mining Technology Platform," this pilot mine has many purposes.
556:
In
February 2016, a fertilizer production plant dedicated entirely to Africa was inaugurated at Jorf Lasfar, the African Fertilizer Complex. Connected to the slurry pipeline, JFC 4 will be fully integrated and have its own thermoelectric plant. These plants not only make Jorf Lasfar completely energy
911:
While the majority of OCP's operations are based in
Morocco due to its large Phosphate reserves, the company has expanded globally, in processing, sales, and distribution. The company has more than 160 customers on 5 continents. The companies also support the communities they operate in by analyzing
737:
Phosboucraa says that the project will continue a policy of hiring local workers, which they say make up 76% of the workforce, up from just 4% in 1976, achieved through outreach and training programs, and which have also led to hundreds of workers being trained to do skilled work at the groups site
689:
and became the sole owner in 2002. Because
Western Sahara is a non-self governing territory, the legality of mining by a foreign state actor is contentious under international law. As a result, several funds have disinvested from buyers of phosphates mined by Phosboucraa, and exports have dropped.
624:
The Jorf Lasfar processing platform is the largest fertilizer complex in the world. The first phase of the site opened in 1984 and has been expanded multiple times since. Products are made using phosphate rock mined in
Khouribga. The site produced 4.63Mt of fertilizer in 2016, including, 1.86Mt
798:
OCP also has a number of sites producing fertilizer. Fertilizer sales, including fortified fertilizers now account for slightly over half of OCP's total revenue and 23% of its world market share (2018 production: 8.8MT). The phosphate-based conventional fertilizers produced by OCP include;
693:
Operations at the mine originally began in 1972; its activities include mining, processing and marketing phosphate rock. Boucraa mine represents approximately 2% of
Morocco's total phosphate reserves, 4.6% of OCP Group's total revenue and around 8% of the total rock extracted.
955:. The companies undertake competitor and market research as well as working with farmers to establish the best fertilizers for their needs. The company also helps market, sell, and distribute OCP products in the country. OCP sales in the country increased by 20% in Q1 2019.
1012:
Founded as a wholly owned subsidiary of OCP S.A. in 2016, the company acts as a distributor for OCP products as well as operating facilities for fertilizer production. This capacity is being expanded rapidly following a large-scale investment program. OCP Group sees
967:
undertakes market and soil research in order to drive sales of OCP products in the country. The company carries out administration, sales support and marketing for OCP's Indian customers. The company is constructing a fertilizer plant with
Krishak Bharati Limited
697:
100% of profits made in the region are reinvested in the local community through the
Phosboucraa Foundation. The Phosboucraa Foundation has so far helped more the 50,000 people through its various programs in education, health, and entrepreneurship.
1077:
producer. In 1996, OCP bought half of the shares. The company specializes in chemical R&D, finding and developing compounds and developing their use cases. The company, through OCP's expertise is recognized as a leader in phosphate creativity.
755:, (also known as phosphate rock or rock phosphate) was OCP's earliest operation, with the sale of these products being the company's main business. The company extracted 34.4 million tonnes in 2018, 11.3 million tons of which were exported, with
738:
in the North. The numbers published by
Phosboucraa, however, are disputed by local activists, including Western Sahara Research Watch, which notes that the designation of "local workers" doesn't distinguish between settlers and indigenous people.
605:
The Group's activities are organised into an integrated model covering all operations of the value chain from the extraction of phosphates to the production and marketing of various products including fertilizers and phosphoric acid.
657:
The first OCP chemical site, the Safi complex started its activities in 1965 to process the phosphate rock from
Benguerir. In addition to fertilizer and phosphoric acid production units, the site has a phosphate washing unit and a
485:
In
February 2016, the OCP Group created a new subsidiary named OCP Africa, which is responsible for leading the development of the group in the African fertilizer market through a network of subsidiaries in 12 African countries.
733:
To help develop the value chain at this site OCP is investing $ 2.2 billion to build a phosphate processing plant, producing fertilizer and phosphoric acid. The scheme is expected to create more than 5,000 job in the region.
831:
OCP Group also produces a number of fortified fertilizers that can be tailored to meet the needs of particular types of soil – even down to a field by field scale. A number of different formulations are produced. NP+ are
549:
In 1994, the OCP Group started a new mining project in Sidi Chennane in the Khouribga area. The construction of the purified phosphoric acid plant was launched in Jorf Lasfar in 1996 and started production in 1998.
286:
company, OCP diversified in 1965 to become a phosphate processor, making it the world's largest fertilizer manufacturer. The company holds a 31% market share of the world phosphate product market.
1600:
1801:
2471:
478:
After approval from the AMMC ((Moroccan Authority of the Capital Market) Autorité Marocaine du Marché des Capitaux) on December 9, 2016, the OCP Group managed to reach 10.2 billion
542:
of water per year, as well as a significant amount of energy. The site employs more people than any other OCP mine, which is more than 6,100 people. In 2016, the mine produced 18.9
641:. The complex is made up of several units including the newest, the Africa fertilizer complex and JFC II. The site is the world's largest exporter of fertilizer. The site has a
823:(TSP) is a concentrated phosphate fertilizer made with just phosphate. These can be used directly for soil fertilization or as raw material for blends, or other products.
609:
The mine in Youssoufia is the second most important mine to the Moroccan economy after the Khouribga mine. It is also the third biggest producer worldwide of phosphate.
2181:
3104:
1666:
310:
in 1920 as the Office Chérifien des Phosphates following Royal Decree. Mining production began in 1921, when it began extracting phosphate rock at its first mine in
3119:
669:
These figures represented the highest production figures in the site's history. The site produces fertilizer for both the domestic and international markets.
2976:
1927:
1608:
1017:
as a major market for growth due to its unexploited potential due to the comparatively low use of fertilizers, which is reflected in lower than average per
896:
553:
In 2014, the OCP Group inaugurated the slurry pipeline linking Khouribga to Jorf Lasfar, a technological advancement in the transportation of phosphates.
1648:
460:
The OCP Group plays an important economic and social role in Morocco. The value of phosphates and their derivatives represented nearly a quarter of the
2896:
3114:
1901:
3099:
1809:
2496:
1696:
1294:
3042:
2122:"Contribution à l'étude d'impact de l'épandage d'eaux usées brutes sur l'environnement dans la région de Zemamra (province d'El Jadida, Maroc)"
2319:
534:
was launched, which transports phosphate from the mines to the processing facility safely and efficiently. The pipeline, one world's longest
2612:
3124:
2659:
787:
3015:
1831:
2642:
2570:
2530:
2513:
1574:
2256:
879:
and sprinkler systems. The group's total fertilizer production is 8.8 million metric tonnes (including conventional fertilizers).
2231:
2039:
649:
per year – since its construction this has significantly reduced the amount of water consumed by the plant from local sources.
951:. The company's Brazilian operations are made up of two companies, OCP di Brasil and OCP Fertilizantes, both headquartered in
790:
and supply chain integration to drive value. OCP produced 6.1 million metric tonnes in 2018, giving it a market share of 49%.
1783:
490:
2701:
1875:
1674:
1765:
1087:
800:
630:
338:
In 2008, the OCP Group became a limited company. Currently 95% of the OCP Group is owned by the Moroccan state and 5% by
318:
also started in 1921, allowing the first export of phosphate that year. Subsequently, OCP launched other mining sites in
2780:
2277:
969:
2915:
2806:
2390:
1548:
1324:
132:
616:
mine, which is situated 40 km from Youssoufia. The phosphate from this mine is also processed at Youssoufia.
3109:
339:
2063:
1402:
2551:. Ogden, Utah: Intermountain Forest & Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.
1521:"Office Chrifien des Phosphates Group (OCP) Company Profile - Morocco | Financials & Key Executives | EMIS"
1043:
712:
421:
3067:
1419:
1250:
871:. They ensure efficient use of fertilizers, thus considerably enhance agricultural productivity and reduce
504:
region of Morocco. 6 Days later, the OCP Group donated $ 97.5 Million to Morocco’s Earthquake Relief Fund.
1218:
494:
465:
2093:
1966:
1747:
1708:
1332:
820:
666:
2407:
1700:
980:
from OCP facilities in Morocco, the company will also be responsible for the shipping of the products.
1302:
2306:
2001:. SYMPHOS 2015 - 3rd International Symposium on Innovation and Technology in the Phosphate Industry.
1359:
973:
812:
634:
2472:"What does vertical integration in the fertilizer value chain mean for producers' strategies? | CRU"
1630:
574:
319:
2845:
1995:"The Design and Engineering of the 187 km Khouribga to Jorf Lasfar Phosphate Slurry Pipeline"
844:. OCP products can also be tailored to meet crop specific nutrient requirements, for example, for
840:. NPK+ is similar in structure to the former, but uses a different chemical process, and contains
2871:
2620:
2336:
1230:
1047:
1001:
642:
535:
482:
of bonds from the national community. This loan is the largest ever made in the Moroccan market.
461:
293:
and a number of international subsidiaries. In 2018, its revenues amounted to US$ 5.884 billion.
127:
2933:
2754:
2676:
2315:
2139:
2016:
972:) that will have a capacity of 1.2 million tonnes per year – the combined investment is worth
892:
779:
272:
2157:
de Blas, Ceferino (2015), "A cidade de Cunqueiro. Tres directores, tres décadas, un xornal",
2134:
2121:
1000:. The construction of a fertilizer processing plant is underway in Singapore to allow easier
2162:
2129:
2081:
2006:
1954:
876:
457:
In 2007, the OCP Group set itself a target to triple its production of fertilizers by 2020.
263:
producer. Founded in 1920, the company has grown to become the world's largest producer of
2552:
2348:
2106:
1979:
1733:
1721:
1345:
872:
767:
646:
626:
539:
527:
256:
249:
3001:
2206:
1928:"Morocco's Cherifian Phosphates Office contributes MAD 1 billion to emergency quake fund"
1784:"OCP : L'AMMC donne son feu vert à un emprunt obligataire de 5 milliards de dirhams"
1377:
2718:
1276:
816:
686:
577:
and holds the second largest amount of Morocco's phosphate reserves, 37% of the total.
557:
self-sufficient, they also create an energy surplus that fuels the complex's sea water
501:
86:
2587:
2549:
Effects of ammonium phosphate and sulfate on the pyrolysis and combustion of cellulose
3093:
1039:
977:
944:
932:
924:
837:
775:
716:
659:
595:
472:
1494:
891:
from phosphate. The product is called PHOSFEED and is made from phosphoric acid and
759:
accounting for the biggest share. OCP market share in this product category is 38%.
282:
OCP has access to more than 70% of the world's phosphate rock reserves. Initially a
2897:"Maroc : le groupe OCP prévoit 14 nouvelles filiales en Afrique subsaharienne"
1469:
1051:
989:
558:
2365:
952:
17:
2011:
1994:
1849:
1094:. The new company was dubbed SEEFCO S.A. (South East Europe Fertilizer Company).
888:
752:
588:
531:
327:
1022:
868:
864:
853:
804:
570:
543:
414:
Transformation of Office Chérifien des Phosphates into a Corporation (OCP S.A)
323:
315:
268:
260:
150:
108:
67:
2167:
2143:
2020:
1850:"Morocco earthquake: More than 2,000 dead as tremors felt in several regions"
2556:
2446:
1217:
OCP Group contributed $ 310 million the Moroccan emergency fund, created by
993:
900:
783:
756:
638:
581:
523:
311:
264:
252:
2846:"UPDATE 1-Morocco's OCP plans African chemical plants, fertiliser blenders"
2613:"UPDATE 1-Morocco's OCP plans African chemical plants, fertiliser blenders"
1958:
1069:
Regional Investment Company. The original company was founded in 1882, in
450:
Inauguration of Mohammed VI Polytechnic University and Joint Venture with
2085:
1495:"L'Office chérifien des phosphates amorce une nouvelle phase d'expansion"
1066:
833:
815:(DAP) is a concentrated phosphate fertilizer, that can also be used as a
808:
771:
726:
706:
682:
678:
613:
580:
The mine in Benguerir opened in 1980. It is situated 70 km north of
2951:
1832:"OCP finance l'expansion de son appareil productif et apure ses dettes"
1091:
1070:
1018:
997:
928:
307:
290:
276:
73:
2872:"Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land) | Data"
2182:"Jorf Lasfar, the largest fertilizer complex in the world | OCP GROUP"
1902:"OCP Group Donates $ 97.5 Million to Morocco's Earthquake Relief Fund"
637:. Over 30 different types of fertilizer were produced to suit various
396:
Construction of purified phosphoric acid plant launched in Jorf Lasfar
39:
3016:"Moroccan Fertilizers arrive in Romania as part of OCP Joint Venture"
2432:
1062:
1014:
948:
849:
841:
836:
and phosphate-based complex fertilizers, enriched with secondary and
722:
479:
430:
283:
267:
and phosphate-based products and it is one of the largest phosphate,
3068:"Morocco to create $ 1 billion fund to counter coronavirus outbreak"
1993:
Rusconi, Julian; Lakhouaja, Anis; Kopuz, Mustafa (January 1, 2016).
1876:"Over 2,000 dead as powerful earthquake hits Morocco near Marrakesh"
665:
In 2016, the site produced 1.5Mt of phosphoric acid and 832.6Kt of
1802:"OCP: émission d'un emprunt obligataire de 5 milliards de dirhams"
1054:
services. The new company was named Jacobs Engineering SA (JESA).
964:
845:
326:
in 1976, and launched chemical production in Safi in 1965, and in
1953:"Festival du Cinéma Africain de Khouribga (Khouribga, Morocco)".
526:
area has the richest phosphate deposits in the world. In 2014, a
1074:
715:, 20 km south-west of the Headquarters. A 102 km long
599:
438:
Launch of the Slurry Pipeline between Khouribga and Jorf Lasfar
3043:"Moroccan Government Members Donate Salaries to COVID-19 Fund"
2207:"Moroccan Office Cherifién des Phosphates phosphate rock mine"
1697:"Fitch Rates Morocco's OCP 'BBB-'; Proposed Notes 'BBB-(EXP)'"
475:
confirmed the rating of "investment grade" for the OCP Group.
451:
1444:
2820:
1667:"Maroc : Fitch confirme l'Investment Grade à OCP Group"
1649:"Maroc : Fitch confirme l'Investment Grade à OCP Group"
701:
Phosboucraa's activities are located in 3 different places:
236:
867:
Fertilizers are used for high value crops specifically for
248:(OCP S.A.) (formerly Office Chérifien des Phosphates) is a
2742:
2278:"The world's food supply depends on Morocco. Here's why"
2211:
Mining Technology | Mining News and Views Updated Daily
2159:
Mil e un Cunqueiros. Novas olladas para un centenario
803:(MAP) a concentrated phosphate fertilizer, made with
546:
of Phosphate Rock, or 70% of the total group output.
210:
Transportation Engineering and Management Consultants
2781:"Morocco's OCP to Build Fertilizer Factory in India"
2080:"Paraguay: Croissance de la pénétration du mobile".
1251:"Morocco's BCP bank buys stake in OCP for $ 600 mln"
988:
OCP has a research, sales and marketing function in
222:
Société d'Aménagement et de Développement de Mazagan
725:activities are located 140 km away by road in
232:
149:
139:
123:
106:
93:
80:
62:
54:
46:
2934:"Rwanda's move towards green agric gains momentum"
1766:"OCP clôture avec succès son émission obligataire"
1073:as the Société Anonyme Métallurgique de Prayon, a
522:OCP's first mine opened in Khouribga in 1921. The
2977:"Jacobs and OCP Announce Joint Venture Agreement"
719:is used for transporting phosphates from the mine
314:. Transportation of the phosphate to the port of
1748:"Carton plein pour l'émission obligataire d'OCP"
1631:"L'OCP: Le géant des phosphates made in Morocco"
1549:"OCP Group réduit sa participation dans la BCP"
677:In 1976, OCP acquired 65% of Phosboucraa mine (
1543:
1541:
711:The processing plant and wharf are located at
594:Rock from Benguerir is transported by rail to
279:industrial companies in the world by revenue.
220:Société d'Aménagement et de Développement Vert
1090:finalized the creation of a joint venture in
1065:is a joint venture between OCP Group and the
569:Gantour is made up of two mining facilities,
384:Launch of mining production at Benguerir site
8:
390:Launch of chemical production at Jorf Lasfar
32:
1420:"Phosphate Rock Statistics and Information"
1277:"Office Chérifien des Phosphates (Morocco)"
912:soil to tailor fertilizer to specific needs
602:, the national railway company of Morocco.
408:Office Chérifien des Phosphates becomes OCP
2257:"Maroc: le nouvel âge d'or des phosphates"
1575:"Maroc: le nouvel âge d'or des phosphates"
1046:, one of the world's largest providers of
729:, thus far from any possible shipping area
289:The group employs nearly 23,000 people in
119:US$ 1.6 billion dollars (2022)
31:
2755:"Sales to Brazil go up for Morocco's OCP"
2166:
2133:
2010:
1295:"OCP Group: Major Business Opportunities"
976:230 million. The unit will use phosphate
875:These fertilizers are well-suited to new
366:Launch of mining production in Youssoufia
2135:10.4267/dechets-sciences-techniques.1399
1101:
360:Launch of mining production in Khouribga
3105:Government agencies established in 1920
1242:
354:Office Chérifien des Phosphates founded
2408:"PHOSBOUCRAA | Industrial Investments"
2344:
2334:
2102:
2091:
1975:
1964:
1729:
1717:
1706:
1341:
1330:
770:is made from phosphate and due to its
612:Since 1998, OCP has also operated the
587:In 2016, the mines' produced 6.3MT of
27:Moroccan state-owned phosphate company
3120:Government-owned companies of Morocco
2360:
2358:
2301:
2299:
2272:
2270:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2034:
2032:
2030:
1900:Rahhou, Jihane (September 15, 2023).
1029:Major Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures
402:OCP becomes sole owner of Phosboucraa
372:Launch of chemical production in Safi
7:
2120:El Falaki, K.; Lhadi, E. K. (2001).
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
705:Headquarters located in the City of
190:Black Sea Fertilizer Trading Company
2916:"OCP Group launches new subsidiary"
1808:. December 14, 2014. Archived from
1673:. December 15, 2016. Archived from
1086:In 2021, OCP Group and the Emirati
1038:In 2010, OCP Group entered in to a
794:Standard (Conventional Fertilizers)
224:OCP Innovation Fund for Agriculture
3041:Hekking, Morgan (March 17, 2020).
2677:"Solubles fertilizers | OCP GROUP"
1605:Site de la World Policy Conference
1301:. November 1, 2016. Archived from
565:Gantour (Benguerir and Youssoufia)
25:
2914:Bairu, Hiriyti (March 30, 2016).
2366:"PHOSBOUCRAA | About Phosboucraa"
378:Acquisition of 65% of Phosboucraa
2807:"OCP Group New Fertiliser Plant"
2232:"The Benguerir Mine | OCP GROUP"
1213:2020 coronavirus crisis response
212:DuPont OCP Operations Consulting
115:
114:
102:US$ 11 billion (2022)
98:
97:
38:
3115:Fertilizer companies of Morocco
2619:. March 4, 2019. Archived from
2126:Déchets, Sciences et Techniques
1932:HESPRESS English - Morocco News
1699:. April 3, 2014. Archived from
1004:of products for local markets.
3100:1920 establishments in Morocco
2161:, Consello da Cultura Galega,
1325:"Company Overview of OCP S.A."
774:nature, is widely used in the
464:and approximately 3.5% of the
172:Zuari Maroc Phosphates Limited
1:
1581:(in French). January 17, 2012
1470:"OCP at a glance | OCP GROUP"
1088:Al Dahra Agricultural Company
1044:Jacobs Engineering Group Inc.
306:The OCP Group was founded in
2719:"Our activities | OCP GROUP"
2447:"Annual reports | OCP GROUP"
2040:"2019 Sustainability Report"
2012:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.02.072
196:Engineering & Consulting
3125:Mining companies of Morocco
1142:Turnover (billions of MAD)
178:International & trading
174:Paradeep Phosphates Limited
3141:
947:operations are located in
2588:"Fertilizers | OCP GROUP"
1501:(in French). June 1, 1962
1177:Profit (billions of MAD)
1176:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
536:gravity powered pipelines
340:Banque Centrale Populaire
237:http://www.ocpgroup.ma/en
204:OCP Maintenance Solutions
37:
2702:"PHOSFEED Product Sheet"
2391:"NIYA: Community Report"
2168:10.17075/mucnoc.2014.063
673:Phosboucraa (Subsidiary)
493:with a magnitude of 6.8
206:Teal Technology Services
170:Pakistan Maroc Phosphore
2952:"Ethiopia | OCP AFRICA"
2497:"Earnings presentation"
935:, was founded in 2019.
801:Mono-Ammonium Phosphate
166:Jorf Fertilizer Company
156:Mining & processing
2743:https://www.ocpna.com/
2547:George, C. W. (1971).
2101:Cite journal requires
1974:Cite journal requires
1959:10.1163/_afco_asc_3086
1716:Cite journal requires
1607:. 2010. Archived from
1340:Cite journal requires
821:Triple Super Phosphate
786:. It is an example of
645:with a capacity of 25
530:between Khouribga and
444:Creation of OCP Africa
200:Jacobs Engineering S.A
3002:"Phosphorus Platform"
2514:"Product description"
2314:. February 24, 2020.
1499:Le Monde diplomatique
1098:Financial information
827:Fortified fertilizers
813:Di-Ammonium Phosphate
489:On 8 September 2023,
228:Fondation Phosboucraâ
216:Ecosystem Development
50:Phosphates, Chemicals
2940:. December 11, 2016.
2660:"NPK+ Product Sheet"
2086:10.1787/873102715006
2064:"2016 Annual Report"
1999:Procedia Engineering
1934:. September 15, 2023
1812:on February 28, 2017
1790:. November 29, 2016.
1772:. December 19, 2016.
1754:. December 23, 2016.
1703:on January 13, 2017.
1655:. December 15, 2016.
1637:. November 14, 2016.
1601:"Présentation d'OCP"
1403:"2017 Annual Report"
1327:Bloomberg L.P. 2017.
1103:Figures 2009 – 2018
1050:, professional, and
895:. PHOSFEED is GMP+,
168:Indo Maroc Phosphore
164:Euro Maroc Phosphore
2821:"Home | OCP AFRICA"
2787:. December 21, 2017
2643:"NP+ Product Sheet"
2571:"TSP Product Sheet"
2531:"DAP Product sheet"
2263:. January 17, 2012.
1856:. September 8, 2023
1838:. December 1, 2016.
1677:on January 13, 2017
1364:Architecte Partners
1104:
1063:Prayon Technologies
984:Asia Pacific (APAC)
927:, headquartered in
860:Soluble fertilizers
513:Mines and Key Sites
429:Joint Venture with
420:Joint Venture with
141:Number of employees
34:
3047:Morocco World News
3022:. January 14, 2022
2876:data.worldbank.org
2785:Morocco World News
2308:P for Plunder 2020
2282:The World from PRX
1906:Morocco World News
1728:Unknown parameter
1445:"Home | OCP GROUP"
1360:"OCP Group Client"
1305:on January 6, 2017
1257:. January 12, 2009
1231:Economy of Morocco
1102:
1002:mass customization
887:OCP also produces
873:water consumption.
643:desalination plant
538:saves more than 3
422:Jacobs Engineering
346:Corporate Timeline
342:investment funds.
208:Ti9lite consulting
128:Kingdom of Morocco
18:Fosfatos de Bucraa
2981:invest.jacobs.com
2903:. August 5, 2016.
2321:978-82-93425-31-1
1880:www.aljazeera.com
1210:
1209:
893:calcium carbonate
869:irrigated systems
462:country's exports
431:DuPont de Nemours
259:manufacturer and
242:
241:
184:OCP Fertilizantes
182:OCP International
16:(Redirected from
3132:
3110:Phosphate mining
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3074:. March 15, 2020
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3012:
3006:
3005:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2759:ANBA News Agency
2751:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2313:
2303:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2137:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2104:
2099:
2097:
2089:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2060:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2036:
2025:
2024:
2014:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1962:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1704:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1611:on June 30, 2013
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1399:
1386:
1385:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1338:
1336:
1328:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1247:
1219:King Mohammed VI
1105:
877:micro-irrigation
186:OCP de Argentina
133:Banque Populaire
118:
117:
101:
100:
42:
35:
21:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3077:
3075:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3051:
3049:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3020:en.hespress.com
3014:
3013:
3009:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2985:
2983:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2960:
2958:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2920:African Farming
2913:
2912:
2908:
2901:Financial Afrik
2895:
2894:
2890:
2880:
2878:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2852:. March 4, 2019
2844:
2843:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2737:
2727:
2725:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2683:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2623:on May 28, 2020
2611:
2610:
2606:
2596:
2594:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2416:
2414:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2364:
2363:
2356:
2343:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2284:. July 30, 2016
2276:
2275:
2268:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2215:
2213:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2190:
2188:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2100:
2090:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2028:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1973:
1963:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1884:
1882:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1727:
1715:
1705:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1582:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1547:
1546:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1504:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1389:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1339:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1281:Solpart Project
1275:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1227:
1215:
1100:
1084:
1060:
1036:
1031:
1010:
986:
961:
941:
921:
909:
885:
862:
838:micro nutrients
829:
796:
788:diversification
784:dental industry
768:Phosphoric acid
765:
763:Phosphoric acid
749:
744:
675:
667:TSP fertilizer.
655:
627:Phosphoric acid
622:
567:
528:slurry pipeline
520:
515:
510:
498:
348:
336:
322:in 1931 and in
304:
299:
257:phosphoric acid
227:
225:
223:
221:
219:
218:
214:
213:
211:
209:
207:
205:
203:
201:
199:
198:
194:
193:
191:
189:
187:
185:
183:
181:
180:
176:
175:
173:
171:
169:
167:
165:
163:
161:
159:
158:
142:
131:
111:
83:
76:
70:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3138:
3136:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3059:
3033:
3007:
2993:
2968:
2943:
2925:
2906:
2888:
2863:
2837:
2812:
2798:
2772:
2761:. May 24, 2019
2746:
2735:
2710:
2693:
2668:
2651:
2634:
2604:
2579:
2562:
2539:
2522:
2505:
2488:
2463:
2438:
2424:
2412:phosboucraa.ma
2399:
2382:
2370:phosboucraa.ma
2354:
2345:|website=
2320:
2295:
2266:
2248:
2223:
2198:
2173:
2149:
2112:
2103:|journal=
2072:
2048:
2026:
1985:
1976:|journal=
1945:
1919:
1892:
1867:
1841:
1823:
1793:
1775:
1757:
1739:
1718:|journal=
1688:
1658:
1640:
1622:
1592:
1566:
1537:
1512:
1486:
1461:
1436:
1411:
1387:
1382:Black to Green
1369:
1351:
1342:|journal=
1316:
1286:
1268:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1223:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1099:
1096:
1083:
1080:
1059:
1056:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1009:
1006:
985:
982:
960:
957:
945:South American
943:OCP's largest
940:
937:
920:
917:
908:
905:
884:
881:
861:
858:
828:
825:
817:fire retardant
795:
792:
764:
761:
751:The mining of
748:
747:Phosphate rock
745:
743:
740:
731:
730:
720:
713:Laayoune beach
709:
687:Western Sahara
674:
671:
654:
651:
621:
618:
589:Phosphate Rock
566:
563:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
502:Marrakesh-Safi
496:
455:
454:
445:
439:
433:
424:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
385:
379:
373:
367:
361:
355:
347:
344:
335:
332:
303:
300:
298:
295:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
153:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
136:
125:
121:
120:
112:
107:
104:
103:
95:
91:
90:
87:Mostafa Terrab
84:
81:
78:
77:
72:
66:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3137:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3073:
3069:
3063:
3060:
3048:
3044:
3037:
3034:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2982:
2978:
2972:
2969:
2957:
2956:ocpafrica.com
2953:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2938:The New Times
2935:
2929:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2910:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2838:
2826:
2825:ocpafrica.com
2822:
2816:
2813:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2739:
2736:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2540:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2413:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2371:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2338:
2323:
2317:
2310:
2309:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2261:Jeune Afrique
2258:
2252:
2249:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2116:
2113:
2108:
2095:
2087:
2083:
2076:
2073:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1968:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1946:
1938:September 15,
1933:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1912:September 16,
1907:
1903:
1896:
1893:
1885:September 11,
1881:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1860:September 11,
1855:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1836:Jeune Afrique
1833:
1827:
1824:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1730:|agency=
1723:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1334:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1221:on March 15.
1220:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1107:
1106:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1040:joint venture
1033:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
983:
981:
979:
975:
971:
966:
958:
956:
954:
950:
946:
939:South America
938:
936:
934:
933:United States
930:
926:
925:North America
919:North America
918:
916:
915:
906:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
882:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
859:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
826:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
793:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
762:
760:
758:
754:
746:
741:
739:
735:
728:
724:
721:
718:
717:conveyor belt
714:
710:
708:
704:
703:
702:
699:
695:
691:
688:
684:
680:
672:
670:
668:
663:
661:
660:sulfuric acid
652:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
633:, and 1.14Mt
632:
628:
619:
617:
615:
610:
607:
603:
601:
597:
592:
590:
585:
583:
578:
576:
572:
564:
562:
560:
554:
551:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
517:
512:
507:
505:
503:
499:
492:
491:an earthquake
487:
483:
481:
476:
474:
473:Fitch Ratings
469:
467:
463:
458:
453:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
432:
428:
425:
423:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
349:
345:
343:
341:
333:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
301:
296:
294:
292:
287:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
251:
247:
238:
235:
231:
226:Fondation OCP
217:
202:OCP Solutions
197:
188:OCP do Brazil
179:
157:
154:
152:
148:
144:
138:
134:
129:
126:
122:
113:
110:
105:
96:
92:
88:
85:
79:
75:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
3076:. Retrieved
3071:
3062:
3050:. Retrieved
3046:
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3019:
3010:
2996:
2984:. Retrieved
2980:
2971:
2959:. Retrieved
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2919:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2879:. Retrieved
2875:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2849:
2840:
2828:. Retrieved
2824:
2815:
2801:
2789:. Retrieved
2784:
2775:
2763:. Retrieved
2758:
2749:
2738:
2726:. Retrieved
2722:
2713:
2696:
2684:. Retrieved
2680:
2671:
2654:
2637:
2625:. Retrieved
2621:the original
2616:
2607:
2595:. Retrieved
2591:
2582:
2565:
2548:
2542:
2525:
2508:
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2476:crugroup.com
2475:
2466:
2454:. Retrieved
2450:
2441:
2427:
2415:. Retrieved
2411:
2402:
2385:
2373:. Retrieved
2369:
2325:. Retrieved
2307:
2286:. Retrieved
2281:
2260:
2251:
2239:. Retrieved
2235:
2226:
2214:. Retrieved
2210:
2201:
2189:. Retrieved
2185:
2176:
2158:
2152:
2125:
2115:
2094:cite journal
2075:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1967:cite journal
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1931:
1922:
1910:. Retrieved
1905:
1895:
1883:. Retrieved
1879:
1870:
1858:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1814:. Retrieved
1810:the original
1805:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1770:L'Économiste
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1709:cite journal
1701:the original
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1675:the original
1670:
1661:
1653:Les Afriques
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1613:. Retrieved
1609:the original
1604:
1595:
1583:. Retrieved
1578:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1552:
1528:. Retrieved
1524:
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1498:
1489:
1477:. Retrieved
1473:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1448:
1439:
1427:. Retrieved
1423:
1414:
1381:
1372:
1363:
1354:
1333:cite journal
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1303:the original
1298:
1289:
1280:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1254:
1245:
1216:
1085:
1061:
1052:construction
1037:
1011:
990:Asia Pacific
987:
962:
942:
922:
913:
910:
907:OCP Globally
889:animal feeds
886:
883:Animal Feeds
863:
830:
797:
766:
750:
736:
732:
700:
696:
692:
676:
664:
656:
623:
611:
608:
604:
593:
586:
579:
568:
559:desalination
555:
552:
548:
521:
488:
484:
477:
470:
459:
456:
447:
441:
435:
426:
417:
411:
405:
399:
393:
387:
381:
375:
369:
363:
357:
351:
337:
305:
288:
281:
255:rock miner,
245:
243:
215:
195:
177:
155:
151:Subsidiaries
63:Headquarters
29:
2723:ocpgroup.ma
2681:ocpgroup.ma
2592:ocpgroup.ma
2451:ocpgroup.ma
2236:ocpgroup.ma
2186:ocpgroup.ma
2005:: 142–150.
1908:. p. 1
1579:LExpress.fr
1555:(in French)
1553:fr.le360.ma
1474:ocpgroup.ma
1449:ocpgroup.ma
1378:"OCP Maroc"
1082:SEEFCO S.A.
978:transported
903:certified.
753:phosphorite
620:Jorf Lasfar
532:Jorf Lasfar
328:Jorf Lasfar
250:state-owned
160:Phosboucraâ
3094:Categories
2327:January 4,
2288:January 5,
1237:References
1008:OCP Africa
805:phosphorus
639:soil types
575:Youssoufia
508:Operations
320:Youssoufia
316:Casablanca
269:fertilizer
261:fertilizer
192:OCP Africa
109:Net income
89:(Chairman)
82:Key people
68:Casablanca
3078:March 26,
3052:March 26,
3026:April 26,
2986:April 22,
2961:April 22,
2881:April 22,
2856:April 22,
2830:April 22,
2791:April 22,
2765:April 22,
2728:April 22,
2686:April 22,
2627:April 22,
2597:April 22,
2557:16022833M
2481:April 22,
2456:April 22,
2433:"Company"
2417:April 21,
2375:April 21,
2347:ignored (
2337:cite book
2241:April 21,
2216:April 21,
2191:April 21,
2144:2268-7289
2021:1877-7058
1732:ignored (
1671:Afropages
1635:Agrimaroc
1585:April 21,
1559:April 21,
1530:April 21,
1505:April 21,
1479:April 21,
1454:April 21,
1429:April 21,
1048:technical
994:Singapore
992:based in
953:São Paulo
929:Minnesota
901:ISO 22000
772:non-toxic
757:Khouribga
629:, 1.91Mt
582:Marrakesh
571:Benguerir
561:station.
524:Khouribga
518:Khouribga
471:In 2016,
468:in 2010.
334:Ownership
330:in 1984.
324:Benguerir
312:Khouribga
273:chemicals
265:phosphate
253:phosphate
246:OCP Group
33:OCP Group
1854:BBC News
1816:March 7,
1806:24h Info
1788:Yabiladi
1681:March 7,
1615:March 7,
1525:emis.com
1424:usgs.gov
1309:March 7,
1225:See also
1067:Wallonia
834:nitrogen
809:nitrogen
780:cosmetic
742:Products
727:Bou Craa
707:Laayoune
683:Laayoune
614:Bouchane
145:≈ 23,000
130:(94.12%)
47:Industry
3072:Reuters
2850:Reuters
2617:Reuters
1752:Telquel
1384:. 2017.
1366:. 2017.
1283:. 2016.
1261:May 21,
1255:Reuters
1092:Romania
1071:Belgium
1019:hectare
998:Beijing
970:Kribhco
865:Soluble
679:Boucraâ
662:plant.
480:dirhams
308:Morocco
302:Origins
297:History
291:Morocco
277:mineral
233:Website
135:(5.88%)
94:Revenue
74:Morocco
55:Founded
2555:
2318:
2142:
2128:(24).
2019:
1058:Prayon
1023:yields
1015:Africa
949:Brazil
850:cotton
842:potash
782:, and
723:Mining
685:), in
284:mining
275:, and
162:Prayon
2705:(PDF)
2663:(PDF)
2646:(PDF)
2574:(PDF)
2534:(PDF)
2517:(PDF)
2500:(PDF)
2394:(PDF)
2312:(PDF)
2067:(PDF)
2043:(PDF)
1406:(PDF)
1299:SYITC
1189:14.1
1186:16.3
1172:55.9
1169:48.5
1166:42.5
1163:47.7
1160:41.4
1157:46.2
1154:59.4
1151:56.4
1148:43.5
1145:25.3
1137:2018
1134:2017
1131:2016
1128:2015
1125:2014
1122:2013
1119:2012
1116:2011
1113:2010
1110:2009
1042:with
1021:crop
965:India
959:India
897:HACCP
854:cocoa
852:, or
124:Owner
3080:2020
3054:2020
3028:2022
2988:2020
2963:2020
2883:2020
2858:2020
2832:2020
2793:2020
2767:2020
2730:2020
2688:2020
2629:2020
2599:2020
2483:2020
2458:2020
2419:2020
2377:2020
2349:help
2329:2021
2316:ISBN
2290:2021
2243:2020
2218:2020
2193:2020
2140:ISSN
2107:help
2017:ISSN
1980:help
1940:2023
1914:2023
1887:2023
1862:2023
1818:2017
1734:help
1722:help
1683:2017
1617:2017
1587:2020
1561:2020
1532:2020
1507:2020
1481:2020
1456:2020
1431:2020
1346:help
1311:2017
1263:2023
1204:5.4
1195:7.6
1192:7.1
1183:8.8
1180:1.3
1075:Zinc
1034:JESA
996:and
974:US$
963:OCP
923:OCP
899:and
846:corn
807:and
776:food
653:Safi
600:ONCF
596:Safi
573:and
500:hit
448:2018
442:2016
436:2014
427:2013
418:2011
412:2008
406:2006
400:2002
394:1996
388:1984
382:1980
376:1976
370:1965
364:1931
358:1921
352:1920
244:The
58:1920
2163:doi
2130:doi
2082:doi
2007:doi
2003:138
1955:doi
635:DAP
631:MAP
598:by
466:GDP
452:IBM
3096::
3070:.
3045:.
3018:.
2979:.
2954:.
2936:.
2918:.
2899:.
2874:.
2848:.
2823:.
2783:.
2757:.
2721:.
2679:.
2615:.
2590:.
2553:OL
2474:.
2449:.
2410:.
2368:.
2357:^
2341::
2339:}}
2335:{{
2298:^
2280:.
2269:^
2259:.
2234:.
2209:.
2184:.
2138:.
2124:.
2098::
2096:}}
2092:{{
2051:^
2029:^
2015:.
1997:.
1971::
1969:}}
1965:{{
1930:.
1904:.
1878:.
1852:.
1834:.
1804:.
1786:.
1768:.
1750:.
1726:;
1713::
1711:}}
1707:{{
1669:.
1651:.
1633:.
1603:.
1577:.
1551:.
1540:^
1523:.
1497:.
1472:.
1447:.
1422:.
1390:^
1380:.
1362:.
1337::
1335:}}
1331:{{
1297:.
1279:.
1253:.
931:,
856:.
848:,
819:.
811:.
778:,
647:Mm
584:.
544:MT
540:Mm
271:,
71:,
3082:.
3056:.
3030:.
3004:.
2990:.
2965:.
2922:.
2885:.
2860:.
2834:.
2809:.
2795:.
2769:.
2732:.
2707:.
2690:.
2665:.
2648:.
2631:.
2601:.
2576:.
2559:.
2536:.
2519:.
2502:.
2485:.
2460:.
2435:.
2421:.
2396:.
2379:.
2351:)
2331:.
2292:.
2245:.
2220:.
2195:.
2165::
2146:.
2132::
2109:)
2105:(
2088:.
2084::
2069:.
2045:.
2023:.
2009::
1982:)
1978:(
1961:.
1957::
1942:.
1916:.
1889:.
1864:.
1820:.
1736:)
1724:)
1720:(
1685:.
1619:.
1589:.
1563:.
1534:.
1509:.
1483:.
1458:.
1433:.
1408:.
1348:)
1344:(
1313:.
1265:.
968:(
914:.
681:-
497:w
495:M
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.