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their own front bodywork, which did away with a traditional front grille, featuring functional hood scoops directed to the intercooler. In sharp contrast to the
Thunderbirds of a decade before, chrome trim was used only sparingly; on Turbo Coupes, the only chrome trim on the entire car was the Thunderbird emblems and lettering. The model lineup was further changed; to bring the Thunderbird in line with other Ford models, the élan trim was dropped, replaced with LX and Sport versions. The LX was equipped with the V6 while the Sport was equipped with the V8.
695:
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624:, the Thunderbird was designed for aerodynamic efficiency alongside its looks, with many of its body panels having rounded edges and its doors wrapping into the roof. In extreme contrast to its predecessors of the late 1970s, the 1983 Thunderbird was designed to minimize the use of chrome trim; some trim levels limited it exclusively to the wheels. The car was launched on February 17, 1982.
40:
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825:. The Mach 1 Edition Turbo Coupe was produced in 500 examples and was available in bright red only with a rear spoiler, while a total of 50 Bill Elliot Signature Editions celebrated NASCAR driver Bill Elliot's racing efforts and featured red upper and silver lower paint, a V8 engine, tape stripes and an aerodynamic body kit including a rear deck wing and special wheels.
796:. Models with the five-speed manual were given a power increase to 190 hp (142 kW), making them capable of attaining a top speed of 143 mph (230 km/h). Models with the four-speed automatic transmission (new for 1987) were detuned to 150 hp (112 kW) in the interest of transmission durability; turbocharger boost was reduced to 9.5
529:), Ford transitioned its role, emphasizing performance and handling over outright luxury and comfort content. As a design leader for Ford, the ninth-generation Thunderbird marked the introduction of highly aerodynamic body design for Ford vehicles in North America (reducing its drag coefficient from 0.50 to 0.35), followed by the 1984
560:(1984-1992). The 4.9L V8 (5.0L, by Ford) made its return for 1983, coupled with the first (and only) four-cylinder Thunderbird. Powered by a variant of the Mustang SVO drivetrain, the 2.3-liter Thunderbird Turbo Coupe was developed as the highest-performance version of the model line for the entire generation.
615:
The
Continental Concept 90 Aero Luxury Car proposal was designed in the Lincoln-Mercury Studio which Mr. Petersen liked. Dave Royer was assigned the task of putting a design similar to that on the Thunderbird package. He and Master Modeler Sam Borg put the clay model together in a very short period
788:
For the 1987 model year, the exterior of the
Thunderbird was updated to further improve its aerodynamic performance. The headlights were changed from sealed-beam units to flush-mounted composite units and the rear quarter glass was also flush-mounted. Thunderbird Turbo Coupes were distinguished by
619:
To give the car a more contemporary image, the body was completely redesigned from the ground up. Aside from the egg-crate grille and the
Thunderbird emblem (which were both significantly updated), no styling cues were carried over. As a necessity to control development costs, the 1983 Thunderbird
804:
or 0.65 bar) instead of 10-15 psi (70 to 100 kPa or 0.7 to 1 bar). Turbo Coupes were equipped with anti-lock disc brakes on all wheels, Automatic Ride
Control, and 16-inch 225/60VR performance tires. The Turbo Coupe also featured a performance-styled front valance with fog lights and special trim
720:
For 1985, the
Thunderbird celebrated its 30th year in the Ford model lineup; a 30th Anniversary Edition model was offered, that featured unique blue paint and stripes, and came loaded with options. It was loosely based on the élan trim and most examples were equipped with the 5.0-liter V8. All
732:
From 1985, Georgia-based dealership Bill Elliot Ford started producing special dealer packages for the
Thunderbird which consisted of a ground effects body kit, rear spoiler, gold body stripes and gold-coloured honeycomb alloy wheels. Although not owned by famed race driver
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for 1987. 1988, the final year for the Turbo Coupe, saw only minor changes. The five-speed manual transmission now allowed the full 15 psi of boost in all forward gears (as opposed to excluding the first two gears). The Turbo Coupe was replaced in 1989 by the
595:
Sales of the 1980 Thunderbird decreased sharply in comparison to its 1977–1979 predecessor, despite being a more fuel-efficient vehicle. As the 1970s turned into the 1980s, personal luxury cars gradually became more sporting in image, with vehicles like the
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of time. Caldwell approved it and Royer then developed it further in the wind tunnel. Many members of design management thought it was a mistake; one high level design management person referred to it as a "Burnt Tennis Shoe."
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model was introduced, which featured two-tone white and gray paint with red and blue pinstriping, white leather interior, and wheel choices, as well as Fila logo badges. The mid-range
Heritage model was renamed
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Thunderbirds received an updated interior with a redesigned instrument panel. The grille and taillamps were also revised. Engine output rating increased to 155 hp (116 kW) for the Turbo Coupe.
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was forced to retain its Fox-platform chassis, including some of the interior being carried over slightly modified from the previous generation. In the style of the Ford Probe concept cars and the 1982
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756:, Ford believed that the new Thunderbird would be too big a change for the public and still wanted to capitalize on the success that the existing generation of Thunderbirds had brought.
525:, the model line underwent one of its most substantial redesigns for the 1983 model year. While the Thunderbird remained as a personal luxury coupe (to minimize overlap with the
57:
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with 140 horsepower (100 kW) was available with the former two models as well. The Turbo Coupe, the top-of-the-line model was special for several reasons. It used a
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737:, the dealership wore his name and produced the cars in honor of his contemporary achievements in racing as a way to boost sales, such as the 1986
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653:, which was the most expensive performance-oriented model. Both the base and the Heritage came standard with a 3.8 L (232 cu in)
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with the previous generation, the 1983 Thunderbird adopted a shortened 104.2-inch (2,647 mm) wheelbase. Sharing a chassis with the
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with "Turbo Coupe" badges on the doors, as well as "Snowflake" 16 inch alloy wheels. The
Thunderbird Turbo Coupe was named the
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This article is about the ninth generation of the Ford
Thunderbird automobile. For general Thunderbird information, see
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752:" project which would serve as the basis for an all-new Thunderbird generation. Supposed to compete against the
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556:(replacing the previous Cougar XR7, offered solely as a coupe), the Thunderbird was also a counterpart of the
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which had a 3.8 L supercharged V6 engine — a radical departure from the old turbo four-cylinder.
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electronic engine control system. Unlike the other models, the Turbo Coupe came with a standard five-speed
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612:. Telnack's negative response prompted the company to request the Thunderbird to be restyled completely.
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691:(called "Traction-Lok"), larger tires and wheels, and a sportier interior complete with analog gauges.
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Tast, Alan H. and David Newhardt. THUNDERBIRD FIFTY YEARS. Motorbooks. October 15, 2004.
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Following its redesign for the 1983 model year, the Thunderbird was available in base,
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Turbo Coupes gained an intercooler, essentially giving the car the powertrain of the
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For the 1984 model year, few changes were made. The Turbo Coupe gained a three-speed
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As with its predecessor, the ninth-generation Ford Thunderbird was produced in
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for the 1983 to 1988 model years. In response to the sales downturn of the
952:"5 Ford Thunderbird Concepts and Special Editions You Didn't Know Existed"
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that was rated at 110 horsepower (82 kW) mated to a three-speed
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The 2.3-litre turbocharged 4-cylinder engine of the Turbo Coupe
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Minor changes were made in 1986, including the addition of a
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car timeline, United States & Canada, 1980–present
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64:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
600:increasing in popularity. In 1980, Ford President
3048:Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States
817:Two special editions were released in 1988: the
610:"is this what you would want in your driveway?"
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2061:Model B / BB trucks / Model 18 / Model 40
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447:1983–1986: 197.6 in (5,019 mm)
124:Learn how and when to remove this message
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511:ninth generation of the Ford Thunderbird
450:1987–1988: 202.1 in (5,133 mm)
136:Ninth generation of the Ford Thunderbird
73:"Ford Thunderbird" ninth generation
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475:1987–1988: 53.4 in (1,356 mm)
472:1983–1986: 53.2 in (1,351 mm)
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1039:
1036:
950:Hunting, Benjamin (January 11, 2021).
698:1985–1986 Ford Thunderbird (rear view)
517:that was manufactured and marketed by
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728:Ford Thunderbird Turbo Coupe interior
7:
604:asked Ford Vice President of Design
492:Ford Thunderbird (eighth generation)
62:adding citations to reliable sources
502:Ford Thunderbird (tenth generation)
741:with the aforementioned features.
25:
768:1987 Ford Thunderbird Turbo Coupe
675:2.3 L (140 cu in)
581:tenth-generation Ford Thunderbird
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1947:
687:. Other improvements included a
38:
930:"The Aero-Bird Thunderbird FAQ"
49:needs additional citations for
436:104.2 in (2,647 mm)
271:Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive
1:
2377:E-Series/Econoline/Club Wagon
1900:F-250/F-350/F-450/F-550/F-600
823:Bill Elliot Signature Edition
784:1987–1988 Ford Thunderbird LX
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558:Continental/Lincoln Mark VII
461:71.1 in (1,806 mm)
158:1984 Thunderbird Turbo Coupe
18:Ford Thunderbird Turbo Coupe
807:Motor Trend Car of the Year
746:center high mount stop lamp
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689:limited-slip differential
608:of the 1980 Thunderbird:
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2530:Maverick (North America)
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2505:Granada (North America)
2656:Taurus (North America)
2581:Escort (North America)
2429:Falcon (North America)
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777:
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729:
704:automatic transmission
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664:. A 5.0 L (302 cu in)
662:automatic transmission
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2850:Territory (Australia)
2810:Focus (North America)
1792:Equator/Equator Sport
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767:
727:
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641:1985 Ford Thunderbird
640:
523:1980–1982 Thunderbird
515:personal luxury coupe
3063:Personal luxury cars
2419:Fairmont (Australia)
2409:Fairlane Thunderbolt
2394:Fairlane (Australia)
677:four-cylinder engine
58:improve this article
2780:Explorer Sport Trac
2729:Versailles (Brazil)
2404:Ford Shelby Mustang
2331:Versailles (France)
685:manual transmission
246:Personal luxury car
2601:LTD Crown Victoria
2520:Landau (Australia)
2439:Falcon (Australia)
2434:Falcon (Argentina)
2387:Escort RS Cosworth
1409:LTD Crown Victoria
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628:Model year changes
573:Hapeville, Georgia
213:Hapeville, Georgia
173:Ford Motor Company
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829:Production totals
550:Ford Fox platform
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227:Dave Royer under
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2952:Concept vehicles
2845:Sportka/Streetka
2500:Granada (Europe)
2182:N-series tractor
2086:Model C (Europe)
1969:
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531:Ford Mustang SVO
301:Lincoln Mark VII
235:Body and chassis
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147:Ninth generation
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2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2243:Country Squire
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
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2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
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2137:
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2128:
2123:
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2042:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1966:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1928:Other vehicles
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1892:
1886:
1884:
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1874:
1869:
1864:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1831:Mustang Mach-E
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1768:
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1469:
1464:
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1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:Country Squire
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:Crown Victoria
1416:
1414:Crown Victoria
1411:
1406:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
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1199:
1194:
1188:
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1103:
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1097:
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1035:
1027:
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1023:
1010:
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1007:
1000:
993:
985:
978:
977:
968:
942:
913:
911:
908:
905:
904:
899:
893:
892:
889:
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884:
881:
877:
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873:
869:
868:
865:
861:
860:
857:
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852:
849:
845:
844:
839:
830:
827:
761:
758:
634:
631:
629:
626:
592:
589:
554:Mercury Cougar
505:
504:
499:
495:
494:
489:
485:
484:
480:
479:
477:
476:
473:
469:
467:
463:
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438:
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428:
427:
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422:
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408:
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390:
381:
369:
367:
361:
360:
358:
357:
346:
335:
320:
318:
312:
311:
307:
306:
304:
303:
298:
296:Mercury Cougar
292:
290:
286:
285:
280:
274:
273:
268:
262:
261:
255:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
232:
231:
225:
219:
218:
216:
215:
210:
204:United States:
200:
198:
194:
193:
190:
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
161:
160:
157:
149:
148:
138:
135:
132:
131:
46:
44:
37:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3075:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
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3044:
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3036:
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3030:
3028:
3013:
3005:
3003:
2995:
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2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2936:T17 Deerhound
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
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2801:
2798:
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2717:
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2710:
2707:
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2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
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2690:
2687:
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2674:
2671:
2669:
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2649:
2647:
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2639:
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2634:
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2619:
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2609:
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2599:
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2518:
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2513:
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2508:
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2332:
2329:
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2319:
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2304:
2302:
2299:
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2279:
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2266:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2238:Country Sedan
2236:
2234:
2233:Thames Trader
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
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2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
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2163:
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2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
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2099:
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2092:
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2079:
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2074:
2072:
2069:
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2059:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1964:introduction)
1955:
1950:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1898:
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1745:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:Pickup trucks
1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:Mondeo/Taurus
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1669:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1655:
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1649:
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1630:
1621:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1572:
1560:
1553:
1541:
1536:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1495:
1494:Sport compact
1491:
1482:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1345:
1340:
1333:
1329:
1316:
1312:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1259:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1210:
1205:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1052:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1006:
1001:
999:
994:
992:
987:
986:
983:
972:
969:
957:
953:
946:
943:
931:
925:
923:
921:
919:
915:
909:
903:
898:
894:
886:
878:
870:
862:
854:
846:
843:
838:
834:
828:
826:
824:
820:
815:
813:
808:
803:
799:
795:
790:
782:
774:
766:
759:
757:
755:
751:
747:
742:
740:
736:
726:
722:
718:
716:
711:
710:
705:
696:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
668:
663:
659:
657:
652:
648:
639:
632:
627:
625:
623:
617:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
590:
588:
586:
585:MN12 platform
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
539:Ford Aerostar
537:and the 1986
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
503:
500:
496:
493:
490:
486:
481:
474:
471:
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
449:
446:
445:
443:
439:
435:
433:
429:
424:
418:
415:
414:
409:
406:
405:
400:
397:
396:
391:
388:
387:
382:
380:
377:
376:
371:
370:
368:
366:
362:
356:
353:
352:
347:
345:
342:
341:
336:
334:
331:
328:
327:
322:
321:
319:
317:
313:
308:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
291:
287:
284:
281:
279:
275:
272:
269:
267:
263:
260:
256:
254:
250:
247:
244:
242:
238:
233:
230:
226:
224:
220:
214:
211:
209:
205:
202:
201:
199:
195:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
174:
171:
167:
162:
155:
150:
143:
139:Motor vehicle
128:
125:
117:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75: –
74:
70:
69:Find sources:
63:
59:
53:
52:
47:This article
45:
41:
36:
35:
30:
19:
2921:M8 Greyhound
2785:Five Hundred
2719:Puma (coupé)
2264:
1961:
1826:Mondeo Sport
1777:Bronco Sport
1466:
1439:Five Hundred
1032:
971:
959:. Retrieved
955:
945:
933:. Retrieved
901:
896:
841:
836:
822:
818:
816:
811:
791:
787:
754:BMW 6-Series
743:
738:
731:
719:
714:
708:
701:
679:with Ford's
673:turbocharged
666:
655:
650:
646:
644:
618:
614:
609:
606:Jack Telnack
598:BMW 6-Series
594:
577:Lorain, Ohio
562:
548:Sharing the
547:
527:Ford Mustang
510:
508:
412:
403:
394:
385:
374:
365:Transmission
350:
339:
325:
229:Jack Telnack
208:Lorain, Ohio
203:
169:Manufacturer
120:
111:
101:
94:
87:
80:
68:
56:Please help
51:verification
48:
2321:Thunderbird
2291:NAA tractor
2177:Transit Bus
2091:Model C Ten
2028:1910s–1920s
1962:(by date of
1912:F-650/F-750
1907:Medium Duty
1821:Explorer EV
1481:Thunderbird
1472:Thunderbird
1467:Thunderbird
1462:Thunderbird
956:DrivingLine
935:13 November
812:Super Coupe
794:Mustang SVO
735:Bill Elliot
651:Turbo Coupe
622:Ford Sierra
591:Development
543:Ford Taurus
488:Predecessor
348:5.0 L
337:3.8 L
323:2.3 L
3027:Categories
2480:Econowagon
1979:Model A/AC
1895:Super Duty
1811:Expedition
1732:Super Duty
1582:Sports car
1521:Escort ZX2
1192:Subcompact
910:References
842:Production
535:Ford Tempo
483:Chronology
426:Dimensions
310:Powertrain
179:Production
114:April 2024
84:newspapers
2805:Freestyle
2775:Excursion
2566:Bronco II
2352:1960 Ford
2253:Crestline
2208:1957 Ford
2203:1955 Ford
2198:1952 Ford
2162:1949 Ford
2147:1941 Ford
2106:1937 Ford
2076:Rheinland
1841:Territory
1754:Ranger EV
1535:Fiesta ST
1399:Full-size
961:April 18,
760:1987–1988
633:1983–1986
498:Successor
432:Wheelbase
407:automatic
398:automatic
389:automatic
379:automatic
192:1983–1988
182:1982–1988
3002:Category
2979:Tractors
2894:Military
2765:EcoSport
2734:Windstar
2556:Aerostar
2490:Fairmont
2475:Econovan
2414:D-Series
2306:Ranchero
2296:Parklane
2286:Mainline
2271:Fairlane
2218:C-Series
2172:B-Series
2116:Model 7Y
2111:Model 7W
2101:Model CX
2081:Model 48
2045:Model AA
2035:Model TT
1816:Explorer
1782:Capri EV
1744:Maverick
1727:F-Series
1678:vehicles
1571:Focus RS
1552:Focus ST
1332:Mid-size
1287:Fairmont
1014:previous
891:147,243
883:128,135
875:165,965
867:151,852
859:170,551
851:121,999
821:and the
647:Heritage
410:5-speed
404:Ford AOD
401:4-speed
392:3-speed
383:4-speed
372:3-speed
283:Ford Fox
278:Platform
223:Designer
197:Assembly
164:Overview
2689:Contour
2651:Telstar
2641:Scorpio
2591:Festiva
2576:Durango
2571:Del Rey
2470:Courier
2372:Cortina
2367:Corsair
2326:Vendôme
2301:Popular
2281:Galaxie
2265:(brand)
2258:Del Rio
2248:Courier
2213:Abeille
2152:Vedette
2126:Prefect
2066:Model Y
2040:Model A
2019:Model T
2014:Model S
2009:Model R
2004:Model N
1999:Model K
1994:Model F
1989:Model C
1984:Model B
1867:Connect
1862:Courier
1857:Transit
1806:Everest
1711:Mustang
1685:Current
1607:Mustang
1602:Mustang
1597:Mustang
1592:Mustang
1587:Mustang
1339:Granada
1315:Granada
1302:Contour
1229:Compact
1204:Festiva
1012:«
902:885,745
667:Windsor
395:Ford C5
375:Ford C3
351:Windsor
289:Related
257:2-door
98:scholar
3043:Coupés
2984:Trucks
2901:GP/GPW
2755:Activa
2724:Royale
2709:Galaxy
2694:Cougar
2673:Verona
2646:Sierra
2636:Trader
2626:Pronto
2561:Bantam
2525:LTD II
2495:Fiesta
2454:Torino
2424:Futura
2362:Corcel
2336:Zephyr
2316:Taunus
2311:Squire
2263:Edsel
2228:Consul
2223:Comète
2167:Custom
2131:Anglia
1959:models
1957:Former
1872:Custom
1797:Escape
1787:Edge L
1772:Bronco
1749:Ranger
1687:models
1448:Taurus
1443:Taurus
1386:Taurus
1381:Taurus
1376:Taurus
1371:Taurus
1360:Fusion
1355:Fusion
1249:Escort
1244:Escort
1239:Escort
1220:Fiesta
1209:Aspire
1197:Fiesta
1049:2020s
1046:2010s
1043:2000s
1040:1990s
1037:1980s
681:EEC-IV
575:, and
466:Height
441:Length
417:manual
316:Engine
266:Layout
100:
93:
86:
79:
71:
2916:M1918
2866:B-Max
2859:2010s
2840:S-Max
2830:i-Max
2760:C-Max
2748:2000s
2704:Freda
2682:1990s
2668:Tempo
2631:RS200
2616:Probe
2611:Pampa
2606:Orion
2549:1980s
2540:Pinto
2485:Elite
2463:1970s
2357:Capri
2345:1960s
2191:1950s
2157:Pilot
2140:1940s
2096:Eifel
2054:1930s
1972:1900s
1919:F-Max
1890:Cargo
1701:Focus
1516:Probe
1511:Probe
1297:Tempo
1292:Tempo
1276:Focus
1271:Focus
1266:Focus
1234:Pinto
897:Total
656:Essex
649:, or
513:is a
458:Width
340:Essex
330:turbo
259:coupe
241:Class
105:JSTOR
91:books
3012:List
2931:M656
2926:M151
2876:Figo
2825:Ikon
2790:Flex
2770:Edge
2661:list
2535:P100
2444:GT40
2121:E83W
2071:Köln
1850:Vans
1801:Kuga
1694:Cars
1675:Ford
1033:Type
1019:Ford
963:2021
937:2014
888:1988
880:1987
872:1986
864:1985
856:1984
848:1983
837:Year
800:(65
750:MN12
715:élan
709:Fila
571:(in
567:and
541:and
533:and
519:Ford
509:The
386:A4LD
326:Lima
77:news
2911:GTB
2906:GPA
2800:LCF
2739:ZX2
2586:EXP
2449:LTD
1526:ZX2
1506:EXP
1501:EXP
1404:LTD
1344:LTD
802:kPa
798:psi
60:by
3029::
2795:GT
2714:Ka
2399:P7
2276:FK
1629:GT
1620:GT
1441:→
1186:4
1171:9
1141:9
1111:9
1081:9
1017:—
954:.
917:^
717:.
669:V8
658:V6
587:.
545:.
355:V8
344:V6
333:I4
1799:/
1667:e
1660:t
1653:v
1183:3
1180:2
1177:1
1174:0
1168:8
1165:7
1162:6
1159:5
1156:4
1153:3
1150:2
1147:1
1144:0
1138:8
1135:7
1132:6
1129:5
1126:4
1123:3
1120:2
1117:1
1114:0
1108:8
1105:7
1102:6
1099:5
1096:4
1093:3
1090:2
1087:1
1084:0
1078:8
1075:7
1072:6
1069:5
1066:4
1063:3
1060:2
1057:1
1054:0
1004:e
997:t
990:v
965:.
939:.
127:)
121:(
116:)
112:(
102:·
95:·
88:·
81:·
54:.
31:.
20:)
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