Knowledge (XXG)

Forearm

Source ๐Ÿ“

298: 1213: 981: 1201: 1120: 1189: 1177: 1165: 47: 168:, a word which is used to describe the entire appendage of the upper limb, but which in anatomy, technically, means only the region of the upper arm, whereas the lower "arm" is called the forearm. It is 253:
and their branches supply the blood to the forearm. These usually run on the anterior face of the radius and ulna down the whole forearm. The main superficial veins of the forearm are the
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can lead to hand and forearm deformities. Hereditary multiple exostoses is due growth disturbance of the epiphyses of the radius and ulna, the two bones of the forearm.
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Jiang N, Cao ZH, Ma YF, Lin Z, Yu B (November 2016). "Management of Pediatric Forearm Torus Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".
2594: 2383: 2379: 2306: 1265: 796:"E/I" refers to "extrinsic" or "intrinsic". The intrinsic muscles of the forearm act on the forearm, meaning, across the elbow joint and the 96: 207:
connects these bones. Ultimately, the forearm is covered by skin, the anterior surface usually being less hairy than the posterior surface.
2350: 1534: 2267: 2198: 2203: 1977: 989: 915: 2331: 1368: 1200: 2663: 2142: 1066: 1033: 835: 824: 797: 323: 204: 238:. The flexor muscles are more massive than the extensors because they work against gravity and act as anti-gravity muscles. The 2556: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2257: 2114: 1527: 1029: 2688: 1108: 909: 905: 875: 801: 610: 591: 496: 373: 330: 2627: 2584: 2551: 2400: 2395: 2336: 1147: 1043: 115: 2296: 1048: 2727: 2301: 2104: 924: 920: 881: 1476:"Current paediatric orthopaedic practice in hereditary multiple osteochondromas of the forearm: a systematic review" 1088: 1071: 1038: 968: 889: 515: 2632: 2390: 2326: 2160: 1188: 1176: 812:), whereas the extrinsic muscles act upon the hand and wrist. In most cases, the extrinsic anterior muscles are 226:
that turn the hand to face down or upwards, respectively. In cross-section, the forearm can be divided into two
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See separate nerve articles for details on divisions proximal to the elbow and distal to the wrist; see
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of the forearm splinting appears to work better than casting. Genetically determined disorders like
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The brachioradialis, flexor of the forearm, is unusual in that it is located in the
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National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
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The forearm contains many muscles, including the flexors and extensors of the
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of the forearm can be classified as to whether it involves only the ulna (
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El-Sobky TA, Samir S, Atiyya AN, Mahmoud S, Aly AS, Soliman R (2018).
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Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice
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between the radius and the ulna at the elbow is known as the
827:, but it is actually in the anterior portion of the forearm. 1095:. The forearm can also be rotated so that the palm of the 30:
This article is about the body part. For other uses, see
1260:(3rd ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 166. 310:
Proximally, the head of the radius articulates with the
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Region of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist
904: โ€“ supplies muscles of the posterior compartment ( 853:
for the origins of the median, radial and ulnar nerves.
1103:) and rotated back so that the palm rotates outwards ( 301:
Bones of forearm, radius on left and ulna on the right
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Bones of the forearm - ulna (left) and radius (right)
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The forearm can be brought closer to the upper arm (
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Distally, it articulates with the ulna again at the
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and supplies muscles of the posterior compartment (
114: 102: 90: 78: 66: 61: 56: 39: 265:. These veins can be used for cannularisation or 1305:Mitchell, Brittney; Whited, Lacey (2020-08-15). 1206:Cross-section through the middle of the forearm. 365:articulates with the head of the radius at the 1985: 1535: 8: 1409:. The University of Michigan. Archived from 816:, while the extrinsic posterior muscles are 1407:"Dissector Answers โ€” Axilla & Arm" 2649: 2531: 2355: 2272: 2263: 2110: 2017: 1992: 1978: 1970: 1810: 1542: 1528: 1520: 1391:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 393: 1499: 497:flexor digitorum superficialis (sublimis) 203:, forming the two radioulnar joints. The 1123:Midshaft fracture of the radius and ulna 314:and the radial notch of the ulna at the 1244: 1160: 1107:) due to movement at the elbow and the 1087:) and brought away from the upper arm ( 834:is considered by some as a part of the 273:is a preferred site for getting blood. 1384: 1258:Webster's New World Medical Dictionary 963: โ€“ supplies some medial muscles ( 290:(located on the lateral side) and the 131: 36: 1194:Deep muscles of the posterior forearm 242:also runs the length of the forearm. 51:The forearm is highlighted in magenta 7: 1354: 1352: 1337:The Lecturio Medical Concept Library 1286:The Lecturio Medical Concept Library 1182:Deep muscles of the anterior forearm 341:at its lateral aspect and with the 1170:Superficial muscles of the forearm 990:Arterial tree of subclavian artery 916:Superficial branch of radial nerve 25: 649:extensor digiti minimi (proprius) 357:of the ulna articulates with the 286:The bones of the forearm are the 1211: 1199: 1187: 1175: 1163: 1139:), or both radioulnar fracture. 1067:Interosseous membrane of forearm 1034:posterior ulnar recurrent artery 836:posterior compartment of the arm 804:radioulnar joints (resulting in 45: 1142:For treatment of children with 1030:Anterior ulnar recurrent artery 2380:extensor carpi radialis longus 2307:flexor digitorum superficialis 611:extensor carpi radialis brevis 592:extensor carpi radialis longus 376:and also articulates with the 372:Distally it forms part of the 191:The forearm contains two long 160:. The term forearm is used in 1: 1148:hereditary multiple exostoses 1044:Posterior interosseous artery 984:Veins of the forearm and hand 630:extensor digitorum (communis) 493:superficial (or intermediate) 294:(located on the medial side) 1445:10.1097/pec.0000000000000579 1049:Anterior interosseous artery 2590:flexor digiti minimi brevis 1313:. StatPearls Publishing LLC 925:Posterior interosseus nerve 921:Deep branch of radial nerve 882:anterior interosseous nerve 744:extensor indicis (proprius) 390:Muscle table ยง Forearm 164:to distinguish it from the 2744: 2332:flexor digitorum profundus 1363:(Forty-first ed.). . 1333:"Structure of The Forearm" 1039:Common interosseous artery 987: 516:flexor digitorum profundus 387: 29: 2020: 1359:Standring, Susan (2016). 1091:) due to movement at the 337:by articulating with the 324:proximal radioulnar joint 126: 44: 2557:abductor pollicis brevis 2441:extensor pollicis longus 2436:extensor pollicis brevis 2431:abductor pollicis longus 1433:Pediatric Emergency Care 1016:Princeps pollicis artery 1011:dorsal metacarpal artery 725:extensor pollicis longus 706:extensor pollicis brevis 687:abductor pollicis longus 312:capitulum of the humerus 32:Forearm (disambiguation) 1109:distal radioulnar joint 1006:Radial recurrent artery 374:distal radioulnar joint 359:trochlea of the humerus 333:. It forms part of the 331:distal radioulnar joint 2595:abductor digiti minimi 2585:opponens digiti minimi 2552:flexor pollicis brevis 2401:extensor carpi ulnaris 2396:extensor digiti minimi 2337:flexor pollicis longus 1551:Human regional anatomy 1492:10.1051/sicotj/2018002 1124: 985: 668:extensor carpi ulnaris 535:flexor pollicis longus 345:at its medial aspect. 302: 176:that lies between the 128:Anatomical terminology 2470:bicipital aponeurosis 2297:flexor carpi radialis 1122: 1115:Clinical significance 983: 825:posterior compartment 421:flexor carpi radialis 300: 205:interosseous membrane 172:to the region of the 148:is the region of the 2664:extensor retinaculum 2302:flexor carpi ulnaris 1135:), only the radius ( 459:flexor carpi ulnaris 228:fascial compartments 2492:antebrachial fascia 2426:anatomical snuffbox 2237:triangular interval 2194:intermuscular septa 2086:infraspinous fascia 2081:supraspinous fascia 259:median antebrachial 2728:Upper limb anatomy 2694:palmar aponeurosis 2689:flexor retinaculum 2669:extensor expansion 2513:osborne's ligament 2391:extensor digitorum 2327:pronator quadratus 2227:quadrangular space 2161:articularis cubiti 1125: 986: 554:pronator quadratus 303: 2710: 2709: 2706: 2705: 2702: 2701: 2564:adductor pollicis 2547:opponens pollicis 2521: 2520: 2456: 2455: 2345: 2344: 2247: 2246: 2094: 2093: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1962: 1413:on 3 January 2008 1267:978-0-544-18897-6 1154:Additional images 1099:rotates inwards ( 793: 792: 142: 141: 137: 16:(Redirected from 2735: 2682: 2657: 2650: 2532: 2448:extensor indicis 2414: 2363: 2356: 2320: 2280: 2273: 2264: 2232:triangular space 2123:coracobrachialis 2111: 2018: 1994: 1987: 1980: 1971: 1811: 1742:Vertebral column 1544: 1537: 1530: 1521: 1514: 1513: 1503: 1471: 1465: 1464: 1428: 1422: 1421: 1419: 1418: 1403: 1397: 1396: 1390: 1382: 1356: 1347: 1346: 1344: 1343: 1329: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1293: 1292: 1278: 1272: 1271: 1249: 1215: 1203: 1191: 1179: 1167: 1072:Annular ligament 1061:Other structures 394: 353:Proximally, the 282:Bones and joints 134:edit on Wikidata 49: 37: 21: 18:Forearm fracture 2743: 2742: 2738: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2713: 2712: 2711: 2698: 2678: 2673: 2653: 2639: 2606: 2602:palmaris brevis 2568: 2517: 2496: 2452: 2410: 2405: 2375:brachioradialis 2359: 2341: 2316: 2311: 2292:palmaris longus 2276: 2255: 2243: 2210: 2189:brachial fascia 2184:axillary fascia 2179:axillary sheath 2165: 2151:triceps brachii 2137: 2102: 2090: 2061: 2007: 1998: 1968: 1959: 1889: 1800: 1705: 1677: 1567: 1553: 1548: 1518: 1517: 1473: 1472: 1468: 1439:(11): 773โ€“778. 1430: 1429: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1405: 1404: 1400: 1383: 1371: 1358: 1357: 1350: 1341: 1339: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1316: 1314: 1304: 1303: 1299: 1290: 1288: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1268: 1251: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1233:Forearm flexors 1229: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1207: 1204: 1195: 1192: 1183: 1180: 1171: 1168: 1156: 1144:torus fractures 1137:radius fracture 1117: 1081: 1063: 996:Brachial artery 992: 978: 851:Brachial plexus 845: 573:brachioradialis 523:ulnar + median 440:palmaris longus 392: 386: 355:trochlear notch 351: 308: 284: 279: 269:, although the 216:brachioradialis 138: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2741: 2739: 2731: 2730: 2725: 2715: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2704: 2703: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2696: 2691: 2685: 2683: 2675: 2674: 2672: 2671: 2666: 2660: 2658: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2638: 2637: 2636: 2635: 2630: 2620: 2614: 2612: 2608: 2607: 2605: 2604: 2599: 2598: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2576: 2574: 2570: 2569: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2560: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2538: 2536: 2529: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2515: 2510: 2508:cubital tunnel 2504: 2502: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2494: 2489: 2488: 2487: 2482: 2475:common tendons 2472: 2466: 2464: 2458: 2457: 2454: 2453: 2451: 2450: 2445: 2444: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2423: 2417: 2415: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2387: 2386: 2377: 2366: 2364: 2353: 2347: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2340: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2323: 2321: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2287:pronator teres 2283: 2281: 2270: 2261: 2249: 2248: 2245: 2244: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2211: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2175: 2173: 2167: 2166: 2164: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2147: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2108: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2076:deltoid fascia 2072: 2070: 2063: 2062: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2053: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2027: 2021: 2015: 2009: 2008: 1999: 1997: 1996: 1989: 1982: 1974: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1925: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1899: 1897: 1891: 1890: 1888: 1887: 1886: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1825: 1819: 1817: 1808: 1802: 1801: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1771: 1766: 1765: 1764: 1759: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1716: 1714: 1707: 1706: 1704: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1687: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1638: 1633: 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613: 608: 605: 601: 600: 597: 594: 589: 586: 582: 581: 578: 575: 570: 567: 563: 562: 559: 556: 551: 548: 544: 543: 540: 537: 532: 529: 525: 524: 521: 518: 513: 510: 506: 505: 502: 499: 494: 491: 487: 486: 483: 480: 478:pronator teres 475: 472: 468: 467: 464: 461: 456: 453: 449: 448: 445: 442: 437: 434: 430: 429: 426: 423: 418: 415: 411: 410: 407: 404: 401: 398: 385: 382: 350: 347: 307: 304: 283: 280: 278: 275: 251:ulnar arteries 140: 139: 130: 124: 123: 118: 112: 111: 106: 100: 99: 94: 88: 87: 82: 76: 75: 70: 64: 63: 59: 58: 54: 53: 50: 42: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2740: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2718: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2582: 2581: 2578: 2577: 2575: 2571: 2565: 2562: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2535:lateral volar 2533: 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919: 917: 914: 913: 911: 907: 903: 900: 895: 891: 887: 883: 880: 879: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 858: 857: 854: 852: 847: 846: 842: 837: 833: 829: 826: 822: 819: 815: 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 794: 788: 785: 783: 780: 777: 774: 773: 769: 766: 764: 761: 758: 755: 754: 750: 747: 745: 742: 739: 736: 735: 731: 728: 726: 723: 720: 717: 716: 712: 709: 707: 704: 701: 698: 697: 693: 690: 688: 685: 682: 679: 678: 674: 671: 669: 666: 663: 660: 659: 655: 652: 650: 647: 644: 641: 640: 636: 633: 631: 628: 625: 622: 621: 617: 614: 612: 609: 606: 603: 602: 598: 595: 593: 590: 587: 584: 583: 579: 576: 574: 571: 568: 565: 564: 560: 557: 555: 552: 549: 546: 545: 541: 538: 536: 533: 530: 527: 526: 522: 519: 517: 514: 511: 508: 507: 503: 500: 498: 495: 492: 489: 488: 484: 481: 479: 476: 473: 470: 469: 465: 462: 460: 457: 454: 451: 450: 446: 443: 441: 438: 435: 432: 431: 427: 424: 422: 419: 416: 413: 412: 408: 405: 402: 399: 396: 395: 391: 383: 381: 379: 375: 370: 368: 364: 360: 356: 348: 346: 344: 340: 336: 332: 327: 325: 321: 317: 313: 305: 299: 295: 293: 289: 281: 276: 274: 272: 271:cubital fossa 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 208: 206: 202: 198: 194: 189: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 135: 129: 125: 122: 119: 117: 113: 110: 107: 105: 101: 98: 95: 93: 89: 86: 83: 81: 77: 74: 71: 69: 65: 60: 55: 48: 43: 38: 33: 19: 2679: 2654: 2622: 2611:intermediate 2573:medial volar 2474: 2411: 2361:superficial: 2360: 2317: 2278:superficial: 2277: 2258:compartments 2252: 2221: 2193: 2105:compartments 2030:rotator cuff 1837: 1691:Adam's apple 1483: 1479: 1469: 1436: 1432: 1426: 1415:. Retrieved 1411:the original 1401: 1360: 1340:. Retrieved 1336: 1327: 1315:. Retrieved 1310: 1300: 1289:. Retrieved 1285: 1276: 1257: 1247: 1141: 1126: 1082: 1025:Ulnar artery 902:Radial nerve 860:Median nerve 848: 817: 813: 645:intermediate 626:intermediate 371: 363:radial notch 352: 328: 320:articulation 309: 285: 267:venipuncture 263:basilic vein 244: 236:median nerve 232:radial nerve 209: 190: 184:joints, the 152:between the 145: 143: 97:A01.1.00.024 73:antebrachium 72: 2057:teres major 2045:teres minor 961:Ulnar nerve 664:superficial 607:superficial 588:superficial 569:(see below) 474:superficial 455:superficial 436:superficial 417:superficial 397:Compartment 335:wrist joint 240:ulnar nerve 62:Identifiers 2717:Categories 2655:posterior: 2623:interossei 2580:hypothenar 2370:mobile wad 2133:brachialis 1858:Fingernail 1417:2008-01-17 1342:2021-06-22 1291:2021-06-22 1239:References 923:, becomes 884:(supplies 810:supination 388:See also: 224:supinators 170:homologous 150:upper limb 2680:anterior: 2618:lumbrical 2421:supinator 2351:posterior 2143:posterior 1774:Genitalia 1387:cite book 1379:920806541 1282:"Forearm" 1254:"forearm" 1105:supinated 818:extensors 806:pronation 775:Posterior 763:supinator 756:Posterior 737:Posterior 718:Posterior 699:Posterior 680:Posterior 661:Posterior 642:Posterior 623:Posterior 604:Posterior 585:Posterior 566:Posterior 277:Structure 220:pronators 2480:extensor 2268:anterior 2156:anconeus 2115:anterior 2013:Shoulder 1903:Buttocks 1823:Shoulder 1658:Mandible 1591:Forehead 1510:29565244 1461:25796224 1453:26555307 1227:See also 1129:fracture 1101:pronated 1089:extended 1079:Function 832:anconeus 798:proximal 782:anconeus 547:Anterior 528:Anterior 509:Anterior 490:Anterior 471:Anterior 452:Anterior 433:Anterior 414:Anterior 361:and the 339:scaphoid 261:and the 255:cephalic 199:and the 180:and the 156:and the 2723:Forearm 2253:Forearm 2199:lateral 2025:deltoid 2003:of the 2001:Muscles 1948:Toenail 1838:Forearm 1784:Scrotum 1730:Midriff 1720:Abdomen 1713:(Trunk) 1663:Occiput 1606:Eyebrow 1501:5863686 1480:SICOT-J 1317:22 June 1074:of ulna 976:Vessels 814:flexors 789:radial 770:radial 751:radial 732:radial 713:radial 694:radial 675:radial 656:radial 637:radial 618:radial 599:radial 580:radial 561:median 542:median 504:median 485:median 447:median 428:median 384:Muscles 218:), and 162:anatomy 146:forearm 85:D005542 57:Details 40:Forearm 2645:fascia 2633:palmar 2628:dorsal 2542:thenar 2485:flexor 2462:fascia 2384:brevis 2222:spaces 2204:medial 2171:fascia 2128:biceps 2067:fascia 1883:Little 1873:Middle 1853:Finger 1828:Axilla 1769:Pelvis 1762:Nipple 1757:Breast 1752:Thorax 1696:Throat 1673:Temple 1636:Tongue 1616:Eyelid 1508:  1498:  1486:: 10. 1459:  1451:  1377:  1367:  1264:  1085:flexed 843:Nerves 802:distal 466:ulnar 409:Nerve 403:Muscle 343:lunate 318:. The 306:Radius 288:radius 247:radial 197:radius 195:, the 2501:other 2412:deep: 2318:deep: 2215:other 1933:Ankle 1913:Thigh 1868:Index 1863:Thumb 1843:Wrist 1833:Elbow 1806:Limbs 1789:Vulva 1779:Penis 1735:Navel 1725:Waist 1711:Torso 1668:Scalp 1641:Tooth 1626:Mouth 1596:Cheek 1457:S2CID 1093:elbow 400:Level 378:wrist 367:elbow 316:elbow 212:wrist 193:bones 182:ankle 158:wrist 154:elbow 132:[ 68:Latin 2527:Hand 2382:and 1953:Sole 1938:Heel 1928:Foot 1923:Calf 1918:Knee 1878:Ring 1848:Hand 1796:Anus 1747:Back 1701:Nape 1683:Neck 1621:Nose 1601:Chin 1586:Face 1581:Hair 1573:Head 1565:Skin 1559:Body 1506:PMID 1449:PMID 1393:link 1375:OCLC 1365:ISBN 1319:2021 1262:ISBN 1097:hand 1032:and 910:ECRB 906:ECRL 830:The 800:and 778:deep 759:deep 740:deep 721:deep 702:deep 683:deep 550:deep 531:deep 512:deep 349:Ulna 292:ulna 249:and 245:The 222:and 201:ulna 186:crus 178:knee 144:The 121:9663 92:TA98 80:MeSH 2100:Arm 2005:arm 1943:Toe 1908:Hip 1895:Leg 1815:Arm 1653:Jaw 1648:Ear 1631:Lip 1611:Eye 1496:PMC 1488:doi 1441:doi 969:FDP 965:FCU 949:EPL 945:EPB 941:APL 937:ECU 933:EDM 912:). 890:FDP 886:FPL 878:). 876:FDS 868:FCR 808:or 406:E/I 174:leg 166:arm 116:FMA 109:146 104:TA2 2719:: 1504:. 1494:. 1482:. 1478:. 1455:. 1447:. 1437:32 1435:. 1389:}} 1385:{{ 1373:. 1351:^ 1335:. 1309:. 1284:. 1256:. 1127:A 1111:. 971:). 955:). 953:EI 951:, 947:, 943:, 939:, 935:, 931:, 929:ED 908:, 896:). 894:PQ 892:, 874:, 872:PL 870:, 866:, 864:PT 380:. 369:. 326:. 257:, 188:. 2260:) 2256:( 2107:) 2103:( 2069:: 1993:e 1986:t 1979:v 1543:e 1536:t 1529:v 1512:. 1490:: 1484:4 1463:. 1443:: 1420:. 1395:) 1381:. 1345:. 1321:. 1294:. 1270:. 838:. 820:. 786:I 767:I 748:E 729:E 710:E 691:E 672:E 653:E 634:E 615:E 596:E 577:I 558:I 539:E 520:E 501:E 482:I 463:E 444:E 425:E 136:] 34:. 20:)

Index

Forearm fracture
Forearm (disambiguation)

Latin
MeSH
D005542
TA98
A01.1.00.024
TA2
146
FMA
9663
Anatomical terminology
edit on Wikidata
upper limb
elbow
wrist
anatomy
arm
homologous
leg
knee
ankle
crus
bones
radius
ulna
interosseous membrane
wrist
brachioradialis

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