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only structure in the fort built with stone walls, consistent with the design of contemporary powder magazines. Excavators uncovered what was likely an ash pit from a forge in the southeast corner of the fort, where De Brahm indicated the fort's blacksmith shop was located. A 1757 letter from Demeré indicated the fort's guardhouse had a double chimney. Excavators noted the only structure in the fort with a double chimney was an elongate building adjacent to the east gate, a position consistent with guardhouse placement at the time. A string of hearths in the western section of the fort indicated the location of the fort's barracks.
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ran out of bread and was forced to subsist on horse meat. A dispatch in late July described the condition of the fort's garrison as "miserable beyond description." News of
Montgomerie's retreat further demoralized the garrison, and men began deserting. On August 6 Demeré called a council of war, which determined it was "impracticable to hold out any longer." Stuart and James Adamson met with Oconostota and Standing Turkey at Chota to negotiate the fort's surrender. The fort, its cannon, and gunpowder would be turned over to the Cherokee, while the soldiers would be allowed to keep their personal arms and baggage.
513:, was tasked with designing the fort. De Brahm and Demeré argued over the fort's location and design. Demeré favored a site selected earlier that year by a scout named John Pearson, but De Brahm rejected the site as too exposed. He favored a site further upstream that offered a commanding view of the river, but Demeré disagreed, saying the site lacked suitable land for the garrison to grow crops. Demeré reported that De Brahm, incensed, took out his pistol and offered it to Demeré to shoot him in the head. The two eventually agreed on the current site of the fort, near the confluence with the
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748:. On the morning of August 10, some 700 Cherokee suddenly attacked the camp. The garrison briefly returned fire before surrendering. In the melee, three officers, twenty-three privates, and three women were killed. Demeré was reportedly forced to dance and had dirt stuffed in his mouth before he was executed. Stuart, the only officer to survive the assault, was ransomed by Attakullakulla. The remaining garrison and their families were taken captive. Most were ransomed in the ensuing months.
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813:, the future King of France, visited the blockhouse while in exile in the United States in 1797 and noted that Fort Loudoun was mostly rubble and brush. He suggested the site of the fort had been poorly selected. After the Cherokee relinquished control of the area with the signing of the Calhoun Treaty in 1819, ownership of the fort's ruins changed hands several times.
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553:, a blacksmith shop, barracks and officers' quarters, and supply buildings. The garrison built drains, troughs for salting beef, a meathouse, and a charcoal pit for the blacksmith. The walls and bastions were completed by March 26, 1757. Demeré reported the fort completed on May 30, 1757. Governor Lyttelton named the fort after
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The location and purpose of several structures were determined through a combination of archaeological and historical work. A map of the fort drawn by De Brahm suggested the powder magazine was located in the northwest corner of the fort. It was in this area that excavators discovered evidence of the
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Beginning in 1955, a series of minor excavations were conducted by
Ellsworth Brown, Director of the Fort Loudoun Association. These excavations attempted to determine the location of the fort's flagstaff, and explored a structure in the northern part of the fort thought to be Paul Demeré's quarters.
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Attakullakulla, who remained on good terms with the garrison, was expelled from the
Council at Chota for warning the garrison that Oconostota had planned a ruse to lure them out of the fort. In early June 1760, Demeré reduced the rations to one quart of corn for three men. In early July, the garrison
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arrived in
Charleston to sue for peace. Skeptical of their intentions, Lyttelton ordered them held prisoner (ostensibly for their protection). He departed for Fort Prince George with 1,700 troops and the Cherokee captives, arriving on December 9, 1759. Shortly after his arrival, he negotiated a peace
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Life at the fort was generally routine. A changing of the guard took place several times per day. At night, five guard dogs roamed the fort's exterior. The fort's blacksmith spent much of his time mending
Cherokee guns and tools. The garrison provided most of its own food through hunting, fishing and
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were killed by the garrison on
February 16, the Cherokee laid siege to Fort Loudoun on March 1760. The fort's garrison held out for several months, but diminishing supplies forced its surrender in August 1760. Hostile Cherokees attacked the fort's garrison at camp during its return to South Carolina,
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The site of the
Tellico Blockhouse is located across the Little Tennessee River to the east of Fort Loudoun. The blockhouse and its associated structures were uncovered by researchers during the Tellico Archaeological Project and are now marked by wooden posts and stones. Several artifacts excavated
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The most extensive excavations were conducted from May 1975 through August 1976 and were led by Carl
Kuttruff of the Tennessee Division of Archaeology. Approximately 93% of the fort's interior was investigated by hand excavation during this period. Researchers also investigated the area south of the
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as commander of Fort Prince George's garrison) refused. On
February 16 Oconostota requested a meeting with Coytmore. When Coytmore arrived at the meeting outside the fort, he was mortally wounded in an ambush orchestrated by Oconostota. The new commander ordered the hostages moved, which resulted in
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and thought De Brahm's plans for two smaller auxiliary fortresses near the river were too complex. The two also disagreed on whether or not to discharge the provincials. De Brahm argued that the construction work was nearly complete and the provincials no longer needed, and Demeré disagreed, stating
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Relations between the
Cherokee and the British began to decline in late 1758. During the Forbes Expedition, a group of Cherokee warriors, who had been tasked with fighting northern Indians who were allied with the French, scalped and killed one or more white settlers. They paraded the scalps before
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a child of one of the soldiers and delivered sermons on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day. He reported the Little Tennessee River had frozen over on December 19 and noted a persistent rumor of an impending French attack. Richardson said that the Cherokee were heavy drinkers who were not interested in
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Construction of the fort began on October 5, 1756. De Brahm's design was more elaborate than a typical frontier fort. It was diamond-shaped with bastions at the corners, each of which contained three cannons. As the fort was built on a hill slope, two of the bastions were atop the hill and two were
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to the south. The park's visitor center, which stands adjacent to the fort, contains a small museum with a model of the fort and several artifacts from the various excavations. Several miles of hiking trails meander through the woods around the fort, as well as in the McGhee-Carson Unit across the
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TVA provided 250,000 cubic yards of landfill to raise the site of the fort 8 metres (26 ft), bringing it above the reservoir's operating levels. Care was taken to preserve the original terrain and hillslope. Shortly after this was completed, the palisade, powder magazine, blacksmith shop, two
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Prior to leaving the fort, the garrison had buried several bags of gunpowder (in violation of the terms of surrender). This action has been suggested as a possible motive for the Cherokee attack at Cane Creek. But John Stevens, a member of the fort's garrison who survived the attack, suggested the
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Because of rising tensions, Demeré had begun preparing Fort Loudoun for a siege in September 1759. On September 9, after the Cherokee tried to drive away the fort's cattle, Demeré ordered the cattle to be brought inside the fort, where they were butchered and their meat salted for preservation. In
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in 1755. After this expedition ended in disaster, Dinwiddie turned to the Cherokee for assistance in defending Virginia's frontier. The Cherokee agreed to provide 600 warriors, and in return, Virginia and South Carolina would construct a fort in the west to protect Cherokee families while the men
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valley on June 28, 1756, several weeks ahead of the party from the other colony. Rather than wait, Lewis's party began work on a fort across the Little Tennessee River from Chota. This structure, known as the "Virginia Fort", was square in shape, measuring 105 feet (32 m) on each side, with
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and Willenawah, launched an attack against Fort Loudoun on March 20, 1760. The fort's cannons prevented them from getting close enough to inflict serious damage, however, and after firing on the fort for four days, the Cherokee settled in for a long siege. In June 1760, a force of 1,300 British
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In June 1757, a 36-man contingent of the garrison, led by Lieutenant James Adamson and Ensign Richard Coytmore, attacked a band of hostile Indians who were threatening the Cherokee at Great Tellico. Three of the intruders were killed, and the rest were driven out. In September 1757, Paul Demeré
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After De Brahm's departure, Demeré abandoned the original palisade design in favor of a single, more permanent palisade. The walls of the palisade consisted of 15-foot (4.6 m) upright logs, 8 feet (2.4 m) of which extended from the ground at a 15-degree angle. The interior of the fort
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launched the "Fort Loudoun Restoration Project" in September 1935, with plans to reconstruct the fort based on historical and archaeological research. Excavations at the site, which began in February 1936, were supervised by Hobart S. Cooper. Cooper was advised by archaeologists
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the British, deceptively claiming they belonged to their enemies in order to receive a promised bounty. Suspicious, the British soldiers disarmed Attakullakulla and other warriors, none of whom had been involved, and briefly detained them. Although Virginia Leiutenant Governor
877:, Philip Hamer, and Mary Rothrock provided historical research, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers provided engineering advice. These excavations determined the locations of the inner and outer palisades, the powder magazine, and the chimney bases of several structures.
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the fort was still uninhabitable. On December 24, 1756, De Brahm, stating the fort was essentially finished, abruptly left for South Carolina, drawing a strong rebuke from Demeré. The nonplussed Cherokees referred to De Brahm as "the warrior who ran away in the night."
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1016:, and its associated lake are also named for the fort. Other entities named for the fort include Fort Loudoun Electric Cooperative, a local electricity distributor; Fort Loudoun Medical Center in Lenoir City, and Fort Loudoun Middle School in Loudon.
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The construction of the fort was to be a joint effort by Virginia and South Carolina. The party from South Carolina was hampered by bureaucratic delays, however, and the Virginians, led by Major Andrew Lewis, reached the Cherokee "mother town" of
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After reporting the fort completed, Demeré requested a replacement, saying that he had fallen ill. On August 6, 1757, his brother, Paul Demeré, arrived to relieve him, accompanied by reinforcements. By November 1757, the garrison had completed a
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The Fort Loudoun Association turned over ownership of the fort to the state in 1978 for establishment of a state park. Fort Loudoun is now situated on an island created by Tellico Lake at the junction of the Little Tennessee and Tellico rivers.
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considered trade with the Cherokee crucial but had struggled to regulate it because of the remoteness of most Cherokee towns, which were primarily in river valleys within the Appalachian Mountains of North and South Carolina, as well as the
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troops quarters, a temporary barracks, a storehouse, one of the gun platforms, and a Cherokee house (representing Tuskegee) were reconstructed there. Artifacts from the excavations were placed on display inside the visitor's center.
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The flag was lowered at the fort for the final time on August 8, 1760, and the garrison set out for Fort Prince George the following day. They camped for the night at the mouth of Cane Creek, along the Tellico River near modern
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on the South Carolina frontier on September 21, 1756. Accompanied by 60 pack horses, the group made the roughly 100-mile (160 km) trek in ten days, arriving in Tomotley on October 1. They were greeted by Cherokee leader
1336:," Report of the Tennessee Wars Commission and Tennessee Division of Archaeology, Research Series No. 17 (Waldenhouse Publishers, Inc., 2010). Accessed at the Tennessee State Library and Archives website, 3 December 2013.
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and several storage buildings. A personal house for Demeré was completed by early 1758, and the fort's well was completed by June 1758. During the same period, the garrison planted 700 acres (280 ha) of crops.
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After Demeré reported that the Cherokee were blocking roads into the Overhill country, Lyttelton began making preparations to march against the Cherokee in October 1759. At this time, a Cherokee delegation led by
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between France and Great Britain) revived British interest in the fort. The Cherokee were still allies of the British, but French influence within the tribe had grown considerably. A faction of the tribe based at
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November John Stuart arrived with 70 reinforcements, increasing the fort's garrison to 200. In January 1760, Demeré reported the fort had stockpiled enough meat for four months and enough corn for several weeks.
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Fearing the situation would dissolve into open warfare, Governor Lyttelton placed an embargo on the sale of guns and ammunition to the Cherokee in August 1759. Several Cherokee, especially in Great Tellico and
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walls consisting of earthen embankments topped by a 7-foot (2.1 m) palisade. Lewis's orders were simply to construct the fort, so after its completion in early August 1756, the Virginians returned home.
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Relations between the garrison of Fort Loudoun and the local Cherokee inhabitants were initially cordial but soured in 1758 with hostilities between Cherokee fighters and Anglo-American settlers on the
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treaty with Attakullakulla, freeing Oconostota and several other Cherokee captives. He promised to release the remaining captives when the Cherokee who had killed white settlers were turned over.
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led an expedition that destroyed a dozen Lower and Middle towns. Seeing their position as untenable, the Cherokee negotiated a peace treaty with Grant, which was signed on September 23, 1761.
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and spent the subsequent months encouraging the Cherokee to launch attacks against the French and their Indian allies. He convinced a number of Cherokee, including Attakullakulla, to join the
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placed a marker at the site of the fort in 1917. In a 1925 article, "Fort Loudoun on the Little Tennessee," historian Philip Hamer suggests the fort's earthworks were still discernible.
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as South Carolina's governor. Glen believed such a fort could also be a stepping stone to expand British control into the interior of the North American continent, where France had
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at the mouth of the Little Tennessee River in the 1960s, as the fort would be flooded by the dam's reservoir. At a contentious public meeting on the proposed dam in 1964, judge
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of Louisiana dispatched French ships into the interior in an attempt to occupy the fort, but the ships were unable to navigate up the Tennessee River. In the summer of 1761,
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led a raid into Virginia that killed several settlers. Both Demeré and Attakullakulla demanded the surrender of some of those responsible, but no Cherokee were given up.
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Throughout November and December 1756, Demeré and De Brahm continued to squabble over the fort's design. Demeré disliked De Brahm's original design for outer and inner
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Oconostota and Attakullakulla returned to Fort Prince George in February 1760 to demand the release of the remaining hostages, but Richard Coytmore (who had replaced
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farming. Some food was acquired from the Cherokee (and some soldiers had Cherokee wives). Sixty women and children, dependents of the soldiers, lived in the fort.
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989:, the "mother town" of the mid to late 18th century, are located along Bacon Ferry Road, just off Highway 360 about 12 miles (19 km) south of Fort Loudoun.
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managed to placate Attakullakulla, some Cherokee warriors, still bitter over this treatment, raided Virginia's frontier settlements while returning to the
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and 200 Indians. The task of moving the fort's 300-pound (140 kg) cannons over the mountains was accomplished by a contractor named John Elliott.
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with funds to construct a fort, but Dinwiddie gave an insignificant amount to Governor Glen for this purpose and spent most of the remainder on the
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The main body, consisting of 80 British regulars commanded by Captain Raymond Demeré and two provincial companies of 60 men each, departed from
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destroyed several of the Lower Towns in South Carolina and invaded the Middle Towns in North Carolina, but after encountering stiff opposition
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533:. The walls were 300 feet (91 m) in length and surrounded by a ditch a yard deep and 10 feet (3.0 m) wide, which was planted with a
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was born at Tuskegee, just south of the fort, circa 1770. The Sequoyah Birthplace Museum, which is operated by the federally recognized
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had switched its support to the French. The Cherokee towns were highly decentralized, and their chiefs made independent alliances.
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Brown conducted further excavations in 1957 to explore the fort's eastern ("Rivergate") entrance. The fort was designated as a
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in 1965. It was moved and reconstructed above the water levels of Tellico Lake, created in 1979. It is now the focus of
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652:. In response, the settlers killed several Cherokee, and the situation quickly spiraled out of control. In April 1759,
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464:, was committed to the fort's completion. An advance party led by William Gibbs crossed the mountains and arrived at
321:, the facility was reconstructed in the 1930s. Additional work was supported by the Fort Loudoun Association and the
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932:. It developed south of the fort in the late 1750s, but there was also an earlier site nearby known as Old Taskagi.
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James C. Kelly, "Fort Loudoun: A British Stronghold in the Tennessee Country," East Tennessee Historical Society
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Based on the detailed descriptions of the fort's design by De Brahm and Demeré, and excavations conducted by the
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and Lower Towns in South Carolina. After the Cherokee sued for peace, a peace expedition was made to the
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Fort Loudoun in Tennessee: 1756-1760: History, Archaeology, Replication, Exhibits, and Interpretation
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928:(1000-1500CE) periods. In addition they recovered items related to the historic Cherokee village of
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killing more than two dozen and taking most of the survivors prisoner. Many of them were ransomed.
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The outer defenses of Fort Loudoun, with fascine wall and ditch planted with honey locust shrubs
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373:(1744–1748), and the French were threatening to expand into the area from their base at
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As early as 1708, British officials had discussed building a fort in Cherokee territory. The
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valley from Virginia with plans to relieve the fort, but their progress was very gradual.
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closer to the bottom, with the walls sloping downward. The bastions were named for the
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TVA and the Tellico Dam, 1936–1979: A Bureaucratic Crisis In Post-Industrial America
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Letter to John Ross from Principal Chief Charles Renatus Hicks, dated July 15, 1825.
794:, soldiers in Byrd's expedition, visited the Overhill towns in 1761–62 as part of a
381:). While many of the Cherokee in the Carolinas were initially cold to the idea, the
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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in 1758 (Attakullakulla abandoned the expedition in disgust over Forbes' delays).
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his message about the Gospel. Frustrated, he left the fort on February 6, 1759.
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Although Governor Glen's political foes ousted him in May 1756, his successor,
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Carl Kuttruff, Beverly Bastian, Jenna Tedrick Kuttruff, and Stuart Strumpf, "
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Support for the fort increased considerably in 1743, with the appointment of
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from the blockhouse site are on display at the Fort Loudoun visitor center.
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Settlers may have used salvaged stones from Fort Loudoun to construct the
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the force retreated to Charleston. During the same period, a force led by
1070:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Fort Loudoun"
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, Tennessee
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572:'s depiction of Paul Demeré and John Stuart meeting with the Cherokee at
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The Fort Loudoun Association was one of several groups that opposed the
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Reconstructed foundation of the powder magazine, as it appeared in 1938
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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Outraged by the killings at Fort Prince George, the Cherokee, led by
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on August 6, 1756, where Gibbs stayed in the home of Cherokee Chief
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Accompanying three photos, inside the reconstructed fort, from 1975
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the panicked garrison killing them when a confrontation developed.
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In November, Old Hop negotiated a peace treaty with Byrd's men at
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in the 1790s, an outpost located across the river from the fort.
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National Register of Historic Places in Monroe County, Tennessee
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1435:(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 1986), p. 64.
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Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
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Historian P.M. Radford published an article about the fort,
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covered approximately 2 acres (0.81 ha) and included a
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Polly M. Rettig and Horace J. Sheely Jr. (March 29, 1975).
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Fort Loudoun (20th-century reconstruction) from the outside
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to the north and the rural areas of Monroe County and the
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Peixotto's depiction of the Cherokee ambush at Cane Creek
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missionary (and uncle of future North Carolina Governor
1394:(Marietta, Georgia: Continental Book Co., 1948), p. 38.
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passes across the island, connecting the state park to
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The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States
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The reconstructed Fort Loudoun, showing key structures
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in the 1970s and 1980s. The fort was designated as a
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led a British expedition against the Middle Towns in
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Buildings and structures in Monroe County, Tennessee
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Mississippi and Ohio tributaries in Illinois Country
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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499:Detail of the south entrance, with sentry box and
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1601:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
1416:Charles Egbert Craddock (Mary Noailles Murfree),
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1374:Tennessee Frontiers: Three Regions in Transition
1041:List of National Historic Landmarks in Tennessee
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1993:National Register of Historic Places portal
1353:, 30 October 2012. Retrieved: 16 December 2013.
767:marker placed at the Fort Loudoun site in 1917
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1181:Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture
616:), arrived at Fort Loudoun in late 1758. He
258:support for the British at the outset of the
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2084:1756 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
1377:(Indiana University Press, 2001), pp. 34-39.
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236:18th century British fort in North America
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1541:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1347:Backcountry Legends of a Minister's Death
926:Southern Appalachia Mississippian culture
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1151:. National Park Service. Archived from
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133:, about 3/4 miles southeast of U.S. 411
1171:
1169:
1118:"National Register Information System"
1089:
1078:
848:Archaeological work and reconstruction
18:
2049:Military and war museums in Tennessee
860:The Fort Loudoun Association and the
7:
2059:Native American museums in Tennessee
1123:National Register of Historic Places
916:fort, uncovering artifacts from the
367:New Orleans and along the Gulf Coast
2044:Museums in Monroe County, Tennessee
1505:Tennessee State Library photographs
396:(the North American theater of the
2054:British forts in the United States
1956:National Historic Preservation Act
832:published a novel about the fort,
555:John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun
525:, the Queen of Great Britain, the
14:
2064:Biographical museums in Tennessee
1445:Fort Loudoun Association homepage
959:State Route 360 (Unicoi Turnpike)
323:Tennessee Division of Archaeology
1998:
1997:
1986:
979:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
431:
331:Fort Loudoun State Historic Park
104:
97:
79:
72:
1012:, which stands to the north in
412:provided the Virginia Governor
44:U.S. National Historic Landmark
1909:Federated States of Micronesia
1555:Architectural style categories
468:in early August. They reached
202:
1:
1183:. Retrieved: 1 December 2013.
862:Works Progress Administration
856:Reconstructed powder magazine
319:Works Progress Administration
113:Show map of the United States
1447:. Retrieved: 4 January 2014.
1419:The Story of Old Fort Loudon
1237:, Vol. 50 (1978), pp. 72-92.
834:The Story of Old Fort Loudon
507:John William Gerard de Brahm
392:The outbreak in 1754 of the
268:John William Gerard de Brahm
246:fort located in what is now
16:United States historic place
2074:Colonial forts in Tennessee
2029:French and Indian War forts
756:Aftermath and later history
266:. The fort was designed by
2105:
1961:Historic Preservation Fund
1940:American Legation, Morocco
898:Tennessee Valley Authority
883:National Historic Landmark
784:Long Island of the Holston
688:
628:
343:Province of South Carolina
327:National Historic Landmark
1981:
1902:Lists by associated state
842:Colonial Dames of America
765:Society of Colonial Dames
201:NRHP reference
178:50 acres (200,000 m)
66:
54:
50:
41:
32:
25:
21:
1883:Northern Mariana Islands
1488:Fort Loudoun Association
1075:. National Park Service.
1002:Loudon County, Tennessee
967:Cherokee National Forest
614:William Richardson Davie
593:attended the Cherokees'
195:John William G. De Brahm
1482:Fort Loudoun State Park
1457:Gannett, Henry (1905).
1004:, and its county seat,
944:State park and vicinity
462:William Henry Lyttelton
1878:Minor Outlying Islands
1861:Lists by insular areas
1575:Keeper of the Register
1088:Cite journal requires
953:
893:
892:Reconstructed barracks
857:
821:
768:
736:
700:
640:
608:William Richardson, a
576:
503:
454:Little Tennessee River
131:Little Tennessee River
1580:National Park Service
1560:Contributing property
1484:– official site
1128:National Park Service
973:The Cherokee scholar
951:
891:
855:
830:Mary Noailles Murfree
819:
763:
734:
714:Archibald Montgomerie
698:
691:Siege of Fort Loudoun
638:
568:
498:
394:French and Indian War
387:Appalachian Mountains
264:Appalachian Mountains
260:French and Indian War
159:35.59583°N 84.20361°W
88:Show map of Tennessee
1935:District of Columbia
1388:Samuel Cole Williams
1031:Fort Southwest Point
875:Samuel Cole Williams
421:were away fighting.
1345:Daniel Patterson, "
1175:Carroll Van West, "
970:lake to the south.
517:, as a compromise.
418:Braddock Expedition
377:(in modern central
348:Province of Georgia
227:Designated NHL
164:35.59583; -84.20361
155: /
2024:Forts in Tennessee
1498:2014-12-02 at the
1431:W. Bruce Wheeler,
1422:(MacMillan, 1913).
1392:Memoirs, 1756-1765
1386:Henry Timberlake,
954:
894:
858:
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807:Tellico Blockhouse
769:
737:
701:
641:
631:Anglo-Cherokee War
625:Anglo-Cherokee War
577:
531:Duke of Cumberland
504:
481:Fort Prince George
292:Fort Prince George
2011:
2010:
1565:Historic district
1493:"Mud & Blood"
1130:. April 15, 2008.
871:Thomas M.N. Lewis
773:Governor Kerlerec
724:marched down the
599:Forbes Expedition
383:Overhill Cherokee
371:King George's War
234:
233:
214:Significant dates
127:Vonore, Tennessee
2096:
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1010:Fort Loudoun Dam
826:Old Fort Loudoun
788:Henry Timberlake
722:William Byrd III
712:regulars led by
678:Lachlan McIntosh
654:Moytoy of Citico
650:Tennessee Valley
646:Francis Fauquier
595:Green Corn Dance
501:chevaux de frise
435:
414:Robert Dinwiddie
398:Seven Years' War
312:Henry Timberlake
308:Overhill country
298:In retaliation,
222:October 15, 1966
204:
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551:powder magazine
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1332:2013-10-12 at
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1145:"Fort Loudoun"
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1090:|journal=
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811:Louis Phillipe
757:
754:
746:Tellico Plains
718:at Etchoe Pass
689:Main article:
686:
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629:Main article:
626:
623:
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523:King George II
474:Attakullakulla
466:Great Hiwassee
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304:North Carolina
288:South Carolina
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1155:on 2009-03-10
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910:Aubrey Wagner
907:
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873:. Historians
872:
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796:peace mission
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792:Thomas Sumter
789:
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515:Tellico River
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410:British Crown
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359:some colonies
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248:Monroe County
245:
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230:June 23, 1965
229:
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219:Added to NRHP
217:
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1797:Rhode Island
1792:Pennsylvania
1772:North Dakota
1459:
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1399:
1391:
1382:
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1235:Publications
1234:
1180:
1177:Fort Loudoun
1157:. Retrieved
1153:the original
1148:
1121:
1112:
1106:(32 KB)
1100:
1081:cite journal
1036:Fort Watauga
1000:
991:
972:
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938:
934:
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906:Sue K. Hicks
900:'s proposed
895:
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607:
591:
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535:honey locust
519:
505:
478:
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446:
425:Construction
407:
391:
352:
340:
316:
297:
276:
240:Fort Loudoun
239:
238:
27:Fort Loudoun
1928:Other areas
1888:Puerto Rico
1722:Mississippi
1637:Connecticut
1026:Fort Blount
1014:Lenoir City
920:(7500 BC),
902:Tellico Dam
777:James Grant
490:John Stuart
300:James Grant
162: /
138:Coordinates
2018:Categories
1837:Washington
1757:New Mexico
1752:New Jersey
1627:California
1334:Archive-It
1159:2008-06-27
1052:References
670:Oconostota
582:guardhouse
529:, and the
511:Charleston
361:along the
355:James Glen
337:Background
150:84°12′13″W
147:35°35′45″N
1847:Wisconsin
1812:Tennessee
1717:Minnesota
1692:Louisiana
885:in 1965.
798:. In his
542:palisades
252:Tennessee
191:Architect
186:1756–1757
2003:Category
1832:Virginia
1782:Oklahoma
1762:New York
1737:Nebraska
1727:Missouri
1712:Michigan
1702:Maryland
1687:Kentucky
1667:Illinois
1642:Delaware
1632:Colorado
1622:Arkansas
1496:Archived
1407:, p. 57.
1330:Archived
1020:See also
975:Sequoyah
930:Tuskegee
922:Woodland
618:baptized
601:against
561:Garrison
470:Tomotley
284:Virginia
280:frontier
256:Cherokee
208:66000729
123:Location
1949:Related
1852:Wyoming
1827:Vermont
1732:Montana
1672:Indiana
1652:Georgia
1647:Florida
1617:Arizona
1607:Alabama
1405:Memoirs
1390:(ed.),
918:Archaic
800:Memoirs
537:hedge.
486:Old Hop
452:in the
379:Alabama
244:British
1787:Oregon
1742:Nevada
1682:Kansas
1657:Hawaii
1612:Alaska
1548:Topics
1104:
1006:Loudon
997:Legacy
983:Tanasi
963:Vonore
924:, and
840:. The
662:Citico
242:was a
1919:Palau
1817:Texas
1697:Maine
1662:Idaho
1073:(pdf)
987:Chota
685:Siege
574:Chota
450:Chota
183:Built
1873:Guam
1822:Utah
1777:Ohio
1677:Iowa
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