536:
288:
274:
appropriation of existing buildings for new functions, such as prisons, was quite common at the time. Re-afforestation of the surrounding area to create the
Monsanto park took place in the 1930s, with tree planting being carried out by the prisoners. Following additional work in 2007, the fort became classified as a maximum-security prison in 2008.
222:. The top floor was for direct fire against the enemy over a considerable range; the second for intermediate fire; and the third for when the enemy succeeded in approaching the fort. The fort had barracks for more than 400 men. Externally, it was surrounded by a moat and its communication with the outside was via a
273:
there were numerous disturbances and strikes in Lisbon and the fort was used to detain strikers in 1912. After deactivation, it was converted to a local civilian prison. There was a severe shortage of prisons in
Portugal, with the vast majority being overcrowded and having poor accommodation, and the
196:
involved developing a line of forts that followed the city’s perimeter at that time. Several new and modern fortifications were built and existing ones were upgraded. The forts were equipped with modern artillery pieces and connected by roads and by telephone and telegraph networks that were quite
218:. Although now wooded, the area was agricultural at the time of construction. The fort had a circular, bomb-proof, dome-shaped design with a diameter of more than 40 metres and was divided internally into three floors. Each floor basically corresponded to a
213:
Fort of
Monsanto first began on 30 December 1863 but it was not fully completed until June 17, 1889. At 241 meters above sea level, the highest point in the Monsanto hills, the fort, at the time, allowed total visibility over Lisbon and the River
57:
163:
1606:
245:, who had rebelled against the Portuguese, together with his son, his uncle, his cook and seven wives, as well as another chief and his three wives. They were eventually sent into exile in the
1580:
1646:
499:
315:
269:
was based, became obsolete. Even before fully losing its defensive function, the Fort of
Monsanto was already being used as a military prison. During the early days of the
966:
1662:
1670:
1654:
999:
704:
1509:
230:
with a capacity of 600 cubic metres. It was equipped with 150mm, 120mm, 90mm pieces of artillery and several machine guns, as well as four powerful telescopes.
1378:
1276:
850:
253:
of Lisbon was first developed and served as prime minister of
Portugal on five occasions. It is also sometimes known as the Central Redoubt of Monsanto.
1702:
573:
1630:
797:
917:
492:
249:. By a Decree of 1901, the fort was named "Forte Marquês de Sá da Bandeira", after Sá da Bandeira who was Minister of War when the concept of the
1622:
1371:
732:
72:
1638:
843:
618:
1678:
1543:
690:
1357:
1329:
1283:
898:
1269:
791:
485:
985:
891:
931:
653:
426:"Monsanto: de forte marquês sá da bandeira a estabelecimento prisional. Leituras de um edifício discreto da modernidade lisboeta"
1471:
1385:
1350:
992:
978:
697:
1561:
1013:
1731:
1710:
1221:
1034:
765:
1790:
1522:
1322:
857:
744:
1795:
1336:
758:
374:
340:
1686:
772:
1446:
1020:
1739:
1255:
201:
became a separate military command, permanently organized on a war footing. The
Monsanto Fort was its headquarters.
1785:
1614:
1137:
1132:
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594:
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1050:
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399:
1694:
1573:
1097:
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634:
219:
184:(Entrenched Field) defensive ring around the city, the fort is now a maximum-security prison.
1587:
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911:
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37:
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1411:
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951:
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1428:
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1112:
1092:
669:
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1065:
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87:
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1205:
477:
642:
175:
47:
425:
1722:
227:
210:
1489:
246:
171:
43:
1215:
215:
1768:
Name of the fort inserted in its district or autonomous region.
481:
178:. Built at the end of the 19th century as part of Lisbon's
265:(1914-18), the concept of a fixed defence, on which the
166:
Fort, is located at the top of the
Monsanto hill in the
233:
Between March and June 1896, the fort was used to hold
1721:
1488:
1461:
1395:
1293:
1245:
1196:
1146:
1049:
867:
826:
808:
668:
633:
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583:
563:
543:
516:
147:
139:
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116:
111:
103:
66:
21:
493:
8:
1510:Fort of the Church of São Mateus da Calheta
369:
367:
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363:
361:
1046:
500:
486:
478:
309:
307:
18:
303:
16:19th-century fort near Lisbon, Portugal
197:advanced for the time. From 1899, the
7:
14:
424:Correia Carrolo, Mariana (2014).
375:"Forte Marquês de Sá da Bandeira"
719:Nossa Senhora da Penha de França
534:
341:"Campo Entrincheirado de Lisboa"
286:
55:
851:São João Baptista das Berlengas
1562:Military Battery of Espalamaca
1:
1631:Santo António do Monte Brasil
733:São Sebastião de Castro Marim
61:Entrance to the fort, c. 1900
946:Nossa Senhora de Porto Salvo
226:. Inside, there was a water
1021:Nossa Senhora da Natividade
844:Nossa Senhora da Consolação
705:Nossa Senhora da Encarnação
430:Revista de história da arte
1812:
1263:Nossa Senhora da Conceição
532:
237:, the last emperor of the
1766:
1372:São Sebastião da Caparica
1309:Nossa Senhora da Queimada
1183:Marquês de Sá da Bandeira
316:"CEL - Forte de Monsanto"
271:First Portuguese Republic
164:Marquês de Sá da Bandeira
54:
35:
26:
1447:São Francisco de Lovelhe
1323:Nossa Senhora das Salvas
1284:São João Baptista da Foz
967:Nossa Senhora das Mercês
654:Santo António da Piedade
595:Forte de Ponte de Alvito
456:"Monsanto's Hidden Past"
1732:Nossa Senhora do Amparo
1472:São Francisco de Chaves
1386:Santa Maria da Arrábida
1351:São Domingos da Baralha
1256:Nossa Senhora das Neves
1138:Fort of Portela Pequena
960:Nossa Senhora dos Anjos
792:Santo António de Belixe
766:Santo António de Tavira
1607:Santa Catarina das Mós
1516:Fort of Cinco Ribeiras
1418:Nossa Senhora da Ínsua
1316:Nossa Senhora da Saúde
1222:Nossa Senhora da Graça
1133:Fort of Portela Grande
892:Santo António da Barra
799:Nossa Senhora da Rocha
726:Cavaleiros de Santiago
88:38.734008°N 9.189761°W
1679:São Mateus da Calheta
1550:Fort of Má Ferramenta
1537:Nossa Senhora da Guia
1158:Fort of Alto do Duque
918:Nossa Senhora da Guia
899:São Lourenço do Bugio
745:Nossa Senhora da Guia
314:Alves Lopes, Carlos.
243:Portuguese Mozambique
120:Portuguese government
1791:Campo Entrincheirado
1330:Santiago de Sesimbra
1270:São Francisco Xavier
993:São Pedro do Estoril
906:Nossa Senhora da Luz
712:Nossa Senhora da Luz
526:Barra de Aveiro Fort
320:Momentos de História
267:Campo Entrincheirado
251:Campo Entrincheirado
199:Campo Entrincheirado
194:Campo Entrincheirado
188:Campo Entrincheirado
181:Campo Entrincheirado
168:Monsanto Forest Park
162:, also known as the
93:38.734008; -9.189761
1796:Prisons in Portugal
1530:Fort of the Caninas
1504:Fort of the Cavalas
1498:Fort of the Açougue
1035:São Brás de Sanxete
986:São Julião da Barra
953:São Pedro de Milreu
613:Fortress of Buarcos
400:"Forte de Monsanto"
151:Converted to prison
84: /
1424:Fort of Lagarteira
932:São João das Maias
858:São Miguel Arcanjo
1786:Forts in Portugal
1773:
1772:
1711:São João Baptista
1695:Forte do Terreiro
1671:São João Baptista
1594:Três Paus redoubt
1581:São João Baptista
1574:Dois Paus redoubt
1440:Santiago da Barra
1337:Santiago do Outão
1277:São João Baptista
1192:
1191:
1098:Fort of Mosqueiro
1061:Fort of Alqueidão
773:São João da Barra
698:São João do Arade
574:São João Baptista
404:Paixão por Lisboa
155:
154:
29:Forte de Monsanto
1803:
1588:Reducto da Salga
1556:Fort of the Maré
1365:São Luís Gonzaga
1128:Fort of Aguieira
1123:Fort of Subserra
1118:Fort of Archeira
1103:Fort of Olheiros
1081:Fort of Zambujal
1071:Fort of Carvalha
1047:
1041:Fort of Cresmina
685:Fort of Arrifana
538:
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160:Fort of Monsanto
112:Site information
99:
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50:
22:Fort of Monsanto
19:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1762:
1717:
1568:Fort of Negrito
1484:
1457:
1398:
1391:
1289:
1241:
1188:
1163:Fort of Sacavém
1149:
1142:
1052:
1045:
973:Fort of Sacavém
912:Fort of Guincho
863:
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804:
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629:
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294:Portugal portal
292:
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259:
207:
190:
157:
127:the public
126:
92:
90:
86:
83:
78:
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70:
62:
41:
38:Lisbon District
36:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1809:
1807:
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1798:
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1788:
1778:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1744:
1736:
1727:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1703:Zimbreiro Fort
1699:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1651:
1643:
1635:
1627:
1619:
1611:
1603:
1600:Forte da Salga
1597:
1591:
1585:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1533:
1527:
1523:Espírito Santo
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1494:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1465:
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1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1401:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1303:Albarquel fort
1299:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1251:
1249:
1243:
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1225:
1218:
1213:
1208:
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1200:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1150:Entrincheirado
1144:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1108:Forts of Ajuda
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1031:
1028:Santa Apolónia
1024:
1017:
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1003:
996:
989:
982:
975:
970:
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949:
942:
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914:
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902:
895:
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871:
865:
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854:
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832:
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824:
823:
821:
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812:
806:
805:
803:
802:
795:
788:
783:
776:
769:
762:
755:
748:
741:
739:Fort of Sagres
736:
729:
722:
715:
708:
701:
694:
691:Santa Catarina
687:
682:
674:
672:
666:
665:
663:
662:
660:Fort of Mourão
657:
650:
645:
639:
637:
631:
630:
628:
627:
625:Palheiros Fort
622:
619:Santa Catarina
615:
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600:
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531:
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520:
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416:
391:
379:Fortalezas.org
357:
345:Fortalezas.org
332:
302:
301:
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297:
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281:
279:
276:
261:Shortly after
258:
257:Subsequent use
255:
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33:
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2:
1808:
1797:
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1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1765:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1743:(Porto Santo)
1742:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
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1689:
1688:
1687:São Sebastião
1684:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1674:(Santa Maria)
1673:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:São Francisco
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1642:(Santa Maria)
1641:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1623:Santo António
1620:
1617:
1616:
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1609:
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1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:Fort of Greta
1542:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
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1499:
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1495:
1493:
1491:
1487:
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1480:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1466:
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1460:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:Montedor Fort
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
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1413:
1410:
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1404:
1402:
1400:
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1369:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1344:Santo Alberto
1341:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1313:
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1300:
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1230:
1226:
1224:
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1203:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1185:
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1177:
1173:
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1166:
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1145:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1113:Fort of Arpim
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1093:Fort of Ribas
1091:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
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1072:
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1064:
1062:
1059:
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1053:Torres Vedras
1048:
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1023:
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1002:
1001:
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987:
983:
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976:
974:
971:
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968:
964:
962:
961:
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948:
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936:
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839:
838:
837:São Francisco
834:
833:
831:
829:
825:
819:
816:
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813:
811:
807:
801:
800:
796:
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756:
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734:
730:
728:
727:
723:
721:
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713:
709:
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688:
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623:
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611:
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588:
582:
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566:
562:
556:
555:
551:
550:
548:
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542:
537:
527:
524:
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1748:São Lourenço
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1647:São Fernando
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1379:São Teodósio
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1076:Fort of Casa
1066:Fort of Cego
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554:São Clemente
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464:. Retrieved
460:Atlas Lisboa
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323:. Retrieved
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209:Work on the
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159:
156:
135:Site history
125:Open to
107:Bastion Fort
28:
1412:Fort of Cão
1407:Areosa Fort
1229:Santa Luzia
1211:Campo Maior
1087:São Vicente
1014:Santo Amaro
1007:Santa Marta
885:Bom Sucesso
878:São Vicente
786:Burgau Fort
759:São Vicente
511:in Portugal
350:5 September
263:World War I
239:Gaza Empire
91: /
67:Coordinates
1780:Categories
1706:(Terceira)
1698:(Terceira)
1690:(Terceira)
1682:(Terceira)
1666:(Terceira)
1658:(Terceira)
1650:(Terceira)
1634:(Terceira)
1626:(Terceira)
1615:Santa Cruz
1610:(Terceira)
1602:(Terceira)
1596:(Terceira)
1590:(Terceira)
1584:(Terceira)
1576:(Terceira)
1570:(Terceira)
1558:(Terceira)
1552:(Terceira)
1546:(Terceira)
1532:(Terceira)
1526:(Terceira)
1518:(Terceira)
1512:(Terceira)
1506:(Terceira)
1500:(Terceira)
1479:São Neutel
1358:São Filipe
1198:Portalegre
1176:Dom Carlos
278:References
235:Gungunhana
224:drawbridge
76:38°44′02″N
1759:(Madeira)
1756:São Tiago
1751:(Madeira)
1735:(Madeira)
1463:Vila Real
1236:São Roque
1206:Arronches
979:São Jorge
939:São Bruno
780:Vera Cruz
752:São Roque
648:Juromenha
466:8 October
440:8 October
436:: 237–251
409:8 October
384:8 October
325:8 October
79:9°11′23″W
1740:São José
1663:São João
1639:São Brás
1397:Viana do
1169:Dom Luís
1051:Lines of
679:São Luís
643:Estremoz
176:Portugal
48:Portugal
46:in
1723:Madeira
1618:(Faial)
1564:(Faial)
1540:(Faial)
1453:Valença
1399:Castelo
1295:Setúbal
818:Almeida
605:Coimbra
585:Castelo
228:cistern
220:battery
211:bastion
205:History
1714:(Pico)
1490:Azores
1434:Monção
869:Lisbon
828:Leiria
810:Guarda
587:Branco
518:Aveiro
247:Azores
172:Lisbon
44:Lisbon
1247:Porto
1216:Elvas
1148:Campo
635:Évora
565:Braga
216:Tagus
170:, in
140:Built
117:Owner
42:Near
670:Faro
545:Beja
468:2020
442:2020
411:2020
386:2020
352:2020
327:2020
192:The
158:The
148:Fate
143:1889
104:Type
241:in
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434:11
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402:.
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360:^
343:.
318:.
306:^
174:,
130:No
501:e
494:t
487:v
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388:.
354:.
329:.
40:,
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