Fortress of Klis - Knowledge (XXG)

2093: 1876:. The Tatars believed that the king was in the Klis Fortress, and so they began to attack from all sides, launching arrows and hurling spears. However, the natural defenses of the fortress gave protection, and the Tatars could cause only limited harm. They dismounted from their horses and began to creep up hand over hand to higher ground. But the fortress defenders hurled huge stones at them, and managed to kill a great number. This setback only made the Tatars more ferocious, and they came right up to the great walls and fought hand to hand. They looted the houses in the outskirt of the fortress and took away much plunder, but failed to take Klis altogether. Upon learning that the king was not there, they abandoned their attack, and ascending their mounts rode off in the direction of Trogir, a number of them turning off toward Split. 543: 894: 856: 833: 2568:, which has been converted into a Catholic church in the meantime. There used to be three altars, dedicated to St. Vid, Virgin Mary and St. Barbara, but today the church has no inventory. The church contains a Baroque stone sink from the 17th century, which served as a baptistery, which has engraved on it the year of 1658. West of the church is the bastion of Bembo, the largest artillery position in the third defense line and in the whole fortress. It has wide holes for guns, and was built in the mid-17th century on the site of former Kružić's tower, and the defensive positions of Speranza. 971: 567: 960: 940: 920: 909: 333: 2648: 2636: 951: 931: 1017: 997: 982: 1008: 382: 1039: 1028: 879: 48: 1068: 1048: 736: 2549: 1832:), which controlled the approaches to the town. The king Andrew was reluctant to entrust the castle of Klis to any of the local magnates, knowing what great harm could come from that castle. It was the king's will that Split receive the castle of Klis for the defense of their city. The city of Split showed little interest in the royal favors, so the king entrusted Klis into Templars hands. Shortly after this, the Templars lost Klis, and, in exchange, the king gave them the coastal town of 2672: 2210:

himself – who had left the fortress to make contact with the reinforcements was captured and executed: the sight of his head on a stick was too much for the remaining defenders of Klis, who were now willing to give up the fortress in return for safe passage north. After Petar Kružić's death, and with a lack of water supplies, the Klis defenders finally surrendered to the Ottomans in exchange for their freedom, on March 12, 1537. Many of the citizens fled the town, while the

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a repository of weapons built in the mid-17th century and old powder magazine from the 18th century. The "House of Dux", later called governor's residence, was rebuilt in the mid-17th century on the foundations of the oldest buildings from the period of the Croatian kings. Austrians repaired this building, and there were placed commandments unity of the fortress and Engineering. On the top point of the fortress was a "new gunpowder storage", built in the early 19th century.

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century. Along the northern wall near the second entrance is fortress-tower called "Oprah", the most important medieval fortification of the western part of the fortress. It was mentioned for the first time in 1355, but later the Venetians made the lower crown on it. Nearby the entrance are artillery barracks, built by the Austrians in the first half of the 19th century. In 1931 its upper floor was ruined, so now only the ground floor remains.

1382: 4574: 1559: 2439: 2431: 2703: 4135: 845: 822: 785: 777: 765: 685: 673: 658: 647: 634: 618: 607: 534: 503: 492: 477: 466: 447: 420: 409: 1770: 1079: 2344: 2480:. The only entrance into the fortress is from the western side. On the southwest side of the fortress, and below it, was a resort (part of the modern village of Klis) called "borgo" or "suburbium", surrounded by double walls with 100–200 towers. A similar but smaller resort (also part of modern village of Klis) existed below Mount Greben on a plateau called Megdan. This included 370: 75: 751: 2252: 602: 2523:

an earlier Venetian entrance. Left of the entrance is a fortification erected by the Venetians in the early 18th century. Also, near the main entrance is a "position Avanzato" built in 1648, which was repeatedly renewed afterwards. On the ground floor of the fortification is a narrow over-vaulted corridor, which is called a casemate.

1354:. The importance of such a position was felt by every army that invaded, or held possession of this part of Croatia. Klis Fortress was a point against which their attacks were always directed, and it has been remarkable for the many sieges it withstood. It has been of major strategic value in Croatia throughout history. 2244:. On April 7, 1596, Split noblemen Ivan Alberti and Nikola Cindro, along with Uskoci, Poljičani, and Kaštelani irregulars, organized an occupation of Klis. Assisted by dissident elements of the Turkish garrison, they succeeded. Bey Mustafa responded by bringing more than 10,000 soldiers under the fortress. General 2522:

Many buildings of the Klis Fortress, which are from 17th through 19th centuries, are partially or entirely preserved. The Fortress actually consists of three parts, enclosed by walls with separate entrances. The first main entrance was built by the Austrians in the early 19th century, on the place of

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The actual nature of the relationship is inexplicable in modern terms because it varied from time to time. (Bellamy (2003), p. 38.) Sometimes Croatia acted as an independent agent and at other times as a vassal of Hungary. (Bellamy (2003), p. 38.) However, Croatia retained a large degree of internal

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The third entrance leads to the former medieval part built in the early Middle Ages. The Venetians renewed it several times after conquest in 1648, and the last upgrade was in 1763. Within this part of the fortress is the side tower, built during the 18th century, and completed in 1763. Following is

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Klis Fortress rises on a bare cliff divided into two parts. The first, lower part is on the west, out topped by Mount Greben from the north. The second, higher part is on the east, and includes the Tower "Oprah", whose name most likely refers to a specific part in the defense. In this section, which

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The second entrance which was significantly damaged in the siege of 1648, leads to the former medieval part of the fortress previously ruled by a Croatian nobility. After 1648, Venetians fully restored the second entrance, but its present appearance was made by the Austrians during the early 19th

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is a mixed Croatian-Italian term, dating from the time when Leonardo Foscolo captured the fortress for the Venetians in 1648. At that time, a village started to spread below the ramparts. The structures of the fortress are mostly irregular, as they were constructed to suit the natural topography.

2414:. The border between Christian and Muslim Europe had moved further east in this time, and the fortress lost its strategic importance. At some point during Austro-Hungarian rule in the 19th century, the military fully abandoned the fortress. The last military occupation of Klis Fortress was by 2509:

operations. During the centuries of its use, the structure served various armies and has undergone a number of renovations to keep up with the development of arms. The original appearance of the fortress is no longer known, due to the structural changes undertaken by Croatian nobility, Turks,

2248:, leading 1,000 Uskoci, came in relief of the 1,500 Klis defenders. During the battle, Ivan Lenković and his men retreated after he was wounded in battle, and the fortress was lost to the Turks, on May 31. Nevertheless, this temporary relief resounded in Europe and among the local population. 2136:, defended the fortress against the Turkish invasion. Kružić led the defense of Klis, and with his soldiers fought almost alone against the Ottomans, as they hurled army after army against the fortress. No troops would come from the Hungarian king, as they were defeated by the Ottomans at the 1985:

hereditary to Paul I Šubić of Bribir. Thus, Charles converted Paul's personal position as Ban into a hereditary one for the Šubić family. All the other nobles in this region, were to be vassals of Paul Šubić. In response, Andrew III in 1293 issued a similar charter for Paul Šubić. During this

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on the foundations of an earlier Old Croatian Catholic chapel inside the Klis fortress shortly after they had conquered it. It is a simple constructed square with the octagonal stone roof, designed primarily for military/religious use by the garrisons stationed inside the fortress. After the

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The attempts to relieve the citadel ended in farce. Badly-drilled reinforcements sent by the Habsburgs fled in fear of the Turks, and their attempts to re-board their boats at Solin bay caused many vessels to sink. Niccolo dalla Torre and the papal commissioner managed to escape. Kružić

2492:. Many inns for travellers also once existed, which were used for isolation during epidemics. Thus, the coastal towns, primarily the city of Split, was protected from epidemics that came from Bosnia. Near the fortress were several sources of drinking water, and the closest was the " 1266:

was formed, which later became famous as an elite Croatian militant sect. Ultimately, the defenders were defeated and the fortress was taken by the Ottomans in 1537. After more than a century under Ottoman rule, in 1669, Klis Fortress was besieged and seized by the

1820:, Master of the Order in the Hungarian Kingdom, as a regent in Croatia and Dalmatia. After his return in 1219, in recognition of the great logistical and financial support which the Order had given him during the campaign, he granted the Order the estate of 1879:

The Mongols attacked the Dalmatian cities for the next few years but eventually withdrew without major success, as the mountainous terrain and distance were not suitable for their style of warfare. They pursued Béla IV from town to town in Dalmatia. The

2769:, and confirmed the succession to him and his heirs. In return for the throne, Archduke Ferdinand promised to respect the historic rights, freedoms, laws, and customs the Croats had when united with the Hungarian kingdom and to defend Croatia from 2116:

gathered together a garrison composed of Croat refugees, who used the base at Klis both to hold the Turks at bay, and to engage in marauding and piracy against coastal shipping. Although nominally accepting the sovereignty of the Habsburg king

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that he was willing to share the costs of maintaining a proper garrison in Klis. Ferdinand I did send aid to Klis and was apparently hopeful of holding the fortress, when the Turks again laid siege to it. Ferdinand I recruited men from

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in 1299. Although supporting the king, Paul I continued to act independently, and ruled over a large portion of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia. He appointed his brothers as commissars of Dalmatian cities, and gave Split to his brother

1443:. Southeast of the fortress, the traces of a Roman camp are still visible, as well as an inscription carved on a rock; both which are supposed to be contemporary with the siege under Tiberius. The description of this siege during the 2390:. The Venetians restored and enlarged the fortress during their rule. After another, the seventh war with the Turks from 1714 to 1718, the Venetians were able to advance up to the present Bosnian/Croatian border, taking in the whole 3567: 1261:

led the defense of the fortress against a Turkish invasion and siege that lasted for more than two and a half decades. During this defense, as Kružić and his soldiers fought without allies against the Turks, the military faction of

3059: 2340:. However, Klis and Klis Fortress remained parts of the Kingdom of Croatia. From that time, the Venetians were eager to take control over Klis, as the fortress was one of the region's most important strategic points. 2504:

The fortress was built into the south face of a rocky mass, and is barely discernible from the distance as a man-made structure. The defensive capabilities of the fortress have been tested through history in many

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walled palace of Split, which was able to resist the invaders. Thereafter, Split rose quickly in importance as one of Dalmatia's major cities. In the 7th century the Avars were driven out by a second wave of

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From the well-fortified position in the Klis Fortress, the Turks were a constant threat to the Venetians and to the local Croatian population in the surrounding area. In 1647, after the Turkish success at

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is an important source of information for Trpimir's reign. Gottschalk was a witness to the battle between Trpimir and Byzantine strategos, when Trpimir was victorious. During the reign of Croatian king

2206:), and fight against Petar Kružić. An initial encounter of the Christian relief force with the Turks was indecisive, but, on March 12, they were overwhelmed by the arrival of a great number of Turks. 2584:

in Split. Visitors to the historic military structure can see an array of arms, armor, and traditional uniforms in a building which was formerly an Austrian armory. Klis is remembered in a Croatian

1407:, who held a stronghold on this spot, are the first known inhabitants to have lived on the site of today's Klis Fortress. They were defeated several times, and in the year 9 AD, finally annexed by 2112:. The fortress stands along the route by which the Ottomans could penetrate the mountain barrier separating the coastal lowlands from around Split, from Turkish-held Bosnia. The Croat feudal lord 3575: 4610: 1145:, Klis Fortress has guarded the frontier, being lost and re-conquered several times throughout its two-thousand-year-long history. Due to its location on a pass that separates the mountains 4635: 2383:, and managed to compel the garrison of Klis Fortress to surrender. At the same time, a month-long siege of the Šibenik Fortress by the Ottomans in August and September failed. 1439:

in Dalmatia. The road that lead from Klis to Salona was called "Via Gabiniana" or "Via Gabinia", which according to an inscription found at Salona, appears to have been made by

2092: 4630: 3067: 2403: 2054:, ruled over Klis Fortress until the late 14th century. During summer-long festivities in Klis Fortress, open to the whole population, Mladen III Šubić gave his sister's 2647: 3623: 2128:

When a large Turkish force threatened the fortress, Kružić appealed to Ferdinand I for help, but the Emperor's attention was diverted by a Turkish invasion into

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From the early 7th century on, Klis was an important Croat stronghold, and later, one of the seats of many Croatia's rulers. In the 9th century, Croatian duke

4101: 4123: 3826: 2635: 4065: 3597: 2304:). The building has been in that use ever since. It is one of three preserved Ottoman mosques on the territory of Croatia, the other two being in towns of 1899:

Some historians claim that the mountainous terrain of Croatian Dalmatia was fatal for the Mongols, because they suffered great losses when attacked by the

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independence. (Bellamy (2003), p. 38.) The degree of Croatian autonomy fluctuated throughout the centuries as did its borders. (Singleton (1989), p. 29.)

1279:. Today, Klis Fortress contains a museum where visitors to this historic military structure can see an array of arms, armor, and traditional uniforms. 2292:

Venetians had conquered the fortress from the Ottomans, they destroyed the minaret and converted the mosque into a Roman Catholic church, dedicated to

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made Klis Fortress the seat of his throne in the middle of the 9th century, the fortress served as the seat of many Croatia's rulers. His successor,

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in Croatia, which is known from the discovery of a stone fragment on a gable arch from an altar screen, inscribed with the duke's name and title.

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From the early 12th century, and after the decay of the native Croatian royal family of Trpimirović, the castle of Klis was mainly governed by

4068:[Klis fortress, the largest museum in the open, more accessible to tourists – Uskoci of Klis guard the roads of Dalmatia once again] 3812: 3726: 258: 67: 1508:, Constantine VII speaks of the stronghold, which may have been designed or improved, to prevent attacks on the coastal cities and roads by 1892:

helped Béla IV to escape. After this failure, the Mongols retreated and Béla IV rewarded the Croatian towns and nobility. Only the city of

4423: 4398: 1054: 2190:. On March 9, 1537, they disembarked near Klis, at a place called S. Girolamo, with fourteen pieces of artillery. After Ibrahim's death, 966: 893: 1756: 4620: 3969: 100: 1791: 1773: 1599: 1578:

overlordship, the Franks had almost no role in Croatia in the period from the 820s through 840s. After Mislav's death, starting with

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fought an almost continual war for forty years to recover the old Roman Empire, he seized Dalmatia, and Klis was from 537, a part of

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in Dalmatia. The fortress is a remarkably comprehensive structure with three long rectangular defensive lines, consisting of three

2182:. There were about 3,000 infantry in the reinforcements, which made a sizeable relief force, that were commanded by Petar Kružić, 4116: 2683: 2051: 1990:, Ban Paul's brother went to Italy, visiting the pope and the Naples court. In August 1300, George I returned to Split, bringing 664: 2805: 679: 3222: 2774: 2170: 2109: 1339: 2671: 2364: 2047: 2043: 653: 640: 4625: 2387: 1276: 2031: 2011: 1987: 624: 613: 2659: 4247: 1034: 746: 2398:. Venice had no serious challenge to its authority in Dalmatia for some time, reducing the importance of the fortress. 1915:) was the only reason for retreat. Much of Croatia was plundered by the Mongols, but without any major military success. 4615: 4347: 4297: 2726: 1023: 970: 4513: 1954: 1235: 855: 832: 589: 4605: 4109: 4066:"Kliška tvrđava, najveći muzej na otvorenome, pristupačnija turistima – Kliški uskoci opet čuvaju puteve do Dalmacije" 1962: 1466: 939: 919: 593: 332: 3805:

Turkey, Ancient and Modern. A History of the Ottoman Empire From the Period of Its Establishment to the Present Time

3157:, ed. Gy. Moravcsik, trans. R.J.H. Jenkins, rev. ed., Washington, Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, 1967. 2118: 566: 4586: 2716: 1386: 959: 908: 3213:[About the newly found inscription with the name of Queen Domaslava from the church of St. Vida na Klisu] 2773:

invasion. Between 1526 and the 1550s, the Kingdom of Hungary was embroiled in a succession dispute as well as the

3760: 3736: 2721: 1924: 1916: 1849: 1824:. Even before his departure from the city of Split in 1217, he had made over to the Templars the castle of Klis ( 4079: 3601: 2191: 2187: 2042:

from Klis Fortress, until he was killed in a battle during 1304. Then, Šubić gave the Klis Fortress to his son

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Perched on an isolated rocky eminence, inaccessible on three sides, the fortress overlooks Split, the ancient

1250:, the fortress remained in Hungaro-Croatian hands for the next several hundred years, until the 16th century. 950: 930: 1950: 4493: 4227: 2467:

Several small towers top the hills around Klis, built by the Turks to keep the fortress under surveillance.

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resulted in the Republic of Venice being partitioned in 1797. Subsequently, Klis was taken by the Habsburg

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It is difficult for Klis because it is on the rock and it is difficult for the rock because Klis is on it

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send off two thousand soldiers with munitions and provisions to the threatened area. Although Split and

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History of the Bishops of Salona and Split – Historia Salonitanorum atque Spalatinorum pontificum

735: 4197: 4157: 2407: 2367:(1645–1669), the Venetians enjoyed the support of the local population of Dalmatia, particularly the 2059: 1991: 1974: 1965:. Ladislaus IV died in 1290 leaving no sons, and a civil war between rival candidates, pro-Hungarian 1946: 1942: 1936: 1805: 1731: 1618: 1579: 1272: 1239: 1177: 904: 562: 453: 216: 210: 307: 4533: 4332: 4317: 4257: 4096: 3919:

The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), Volume III: The Sixteenth Century to the Reign of Julius III

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The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest

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controlled most of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia. Excluding the brief possession by the forces of

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fortress dates back to the restructuring work carried out by the Venetians in the 17th century.

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From 1669, Klis Fortress was in the possession of the Venetians, and it remained so until the

2297: 2067: 1908: 1881: 1787: 1685: 1567: 1243: 1231: 1196: 1169: 1158: 1110: 1094: 988: 889: 842:

seized the fortress by treachery, but the Turks recovered it fairly quickly, in the same year

799: 742: 715: 695: 573: 521: 438: 204: 1673:). In the same document Trpimir I mentioned Klis as his property — seat. Under Klis, at 4558: 4483: 4327: 4302: 4252: 3846:

The Crusades and the Military Orders: Expanding the Frontiers of Medieval Latin Christianity

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greatly improved under the Croatian duke Trpimir I, who moved the dux's main residence from

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A night view of the Klis Fortress from the north, with the city of Split in the background.

4563: 4548: 4538: 4448: 4372: 4212: 3150: 2620: 2602: 2585: 2002:, where, in 1301, the Archbishop of Esztergom crowned him as King of Hungary and Croatia. 1920: 1809: 1764: 1744: 1498: 1436: 1343: 1208: 955: 935: 915: 885: 727: 711: 553: 397: 312: 232: 2363:

The Venetians fought for decades before they finally managed to re-take Klis. During the

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with him. Paul Šubić accompanied Charles Robert (later known as Charles I of Hungary) to

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The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century

1558: 1271:. The Venetians restored and enlarged the fortress. In 1797, the fortress was taken by 4543: 4518: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4362: 4272: 4217: 4192: 4177: 3958: 3913: 3715: 2770: 2708: 2511: 2451: 2348: 2321: 1904: 1872:

experienced a major failure in March 1242 at Klis Fortress, when they were hunting for

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was founded in the 10th century by a certain Croatian king, along with his wife, Queen

1700: 1666: 1654: 1634: 1509: 1327: 1311:. Owing to its strategic position, the fortress was one of the region's most important 1154: 1153:, the fortress served as a major source of defense in Dalmatia, especially against the 1058: 851: 828: 771: 525: 221: 582:

1242 Croatian nobles Brativoj and Butko Julijanov during Mongol siege of the fortress.

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The fortress, pictured here from the south-west at late afternoon, stands atop a hill

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The Klis Fortress has been developed as a visitor attraction by the "Kliški uskoci"

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Owing to its location, Klis Fortress was an important defensive position during the

1606:). They developed the early Roman stronghold into their capital. Relations with the 4508: 4498: 4428: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4237: 4187: 4182: 3710: 2607: 2548: 2447: 2438: 2430: 2419: 2019: 1893: 1646: 1622: 1611: 1408: 1376: 1319: 1304: 1292: 1181: 1118: 339: 34: 3336:

Klaić V., Povijest Hrvata, Knjiga Prva, Druga, Treća, Četvrta i Peta Zagreb 1982.

2531: 3917: 3764: 3740: 3211:"O novopronađenom natpisu s imenom kraljice Domaslave iz crkve sv. Vida na Klisu" 2552:

Entrance to the third defensive line, through the third gate in a medieval tower.

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army suffered a major defeat while in pursuit of the Hungarian army led by King

1185: 1150: 844: 821: 784: 776: 764: 684: 672: 657: 646: 633: 617: 606: 533: 502: 491: 476: 465: 446: 419: 408: 4382: 4352: 4337: 4322: 4232: 2698: 2485: 2399: 2199: 2015: 1889: 1833: 1679: 1331: 1190: 1078: 369: 2961: 115: 102: 4488: 4388: 4367: 4342: 2481: 2477: 2343: 2293: 1999: 1720: 1692: 1537: 1400: 1130: 324: 191: 4357: 4058: 2956:(9). Zagreb: Croatian Society of Civil Engineers: 605–611. September 2001. 2309: 2165:

claimed some rights in Klis, and in September, 1536, there was talk in the

2034:. After George I Šubić died in 1302, his brother Mladen I Šubić ruled as a 1903:

from ambushes in mountain passes. Other historians claim that the death of

3848:. Budapest: Central European University Press. Dept. of Medieval Studies. 2446:

Klis Fortress is one of the most valuable surviving examples of defensive

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and elsewhere in the Habsburg lands, and Pope Paul III sent soldiers from

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Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States, Fourth Edition

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who had obtained the Croatian crown in 1527, Kružić and his freebooting

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demonstrates that this place was strong and unreachable in those times.

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association in Klis with the aid of the conservation department of the

2395: 2288: 2267:, the Turks were said to have 30,000 troops ready to attack Split. The 2175: 2027: 1982: 1778: 1595: 1574:, from 835 to 845, made the castle of Klis seat of his throne. Despite 1470: 1391: 1308: 1219: 1162: 1122: 1074: 415: 350: 38: 2251: 1919:(January 27, 1242 – January 18, 1271), a daughter of Béla IV and 1625:

in the medieval Croatian state, and for the first mention of the name

601: 3648:(in Latin and English). Budapest: Central European University Press. 2565: 2337: 2329: 2237: 2211: 2179: 2122: 2087: 2039: 2023: 1995: 1900: 1885: 1865: 1727: 1575: 1533: 1505: 1469:, Barbarians plundered the region around Klis. First it was ruled by 1460: 1335: 1323: 1263: 1215: 839: 757: 403: 201: 1723:, which got destroyed during Ottoman conquests in the 16th century. 4005:. Vol. I. London: John Murray – Harvard College Library. 3703:

A Collection of Modern and Contemporary Voyages & Travels Vol I

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c. 1097 – 1102, during succession crisis. Klis is located north of

1734:, spent some time at Trpimir's court between 846 and 848. His work 3908:. London, Dublin: A. Fullarton & Co. – Oxford University. 3665:

The Formation of Croatian National Identity: A Centuries-old Dream

3574:(in Croatian). Povijesna postrojba „Kliški uskoci“. Archived from 2547: 2530: 2437: 2429: 2272: 2250: 2132:. For more than two and half decades, Captain Kružić, also called 1869: 1821: 1557: 1524: 1296: 1146: 393: 3807:. Edinburgh: Adam & Charles Black – Harvard University. 3441:. London : Constable & Co. – via Internet Archive. 2169:

of strengthening the defenses of the fortress. The Pope notified

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Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a Journey to Mostar in Herzegovina

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based on the resistance of Klis and the strength of its people:

2561: 2284: 2236:, Klis Fortress was, for a century, an administrative centre or 2215: 2145: 1961:, recognizing the balance of power in Dalmatia, named Paul I as 1587: 1431:. To the Romans, Klis became famous for its celebrated siege by 1288: 1114: 782:

1436–1437 Ivan Frankopan's widow peaceful handover the fortress

30: 4105: 1540:, in order to counter the Avar threat to the Byzantine Empire. 1411:. Today's Klis Fortress was known to the Romans by the name of 1342:. Historically, the fortress has controlled access to and from 1184:

in the Duchy of Croatia. He expanded the Klis Fortress, and in

3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 2615: 2610:. Klis was also used as a location for the fictional city of 1743:, who had no permanent capital, the castle of Klis along with 1629:

in domestic documents. On 4 March, in 852, Trpimir I issued a

1303:, at the altitude of 360 metres (1,180 ft), northeast of 2332:. Upon his departure he sold his "rights" to Dalmatia to the 4047:

Historical Unit Kliški uskoci – History of Klis and Fortress

3066:(in Croatian). Službene stranice Općine Klis. Archived from 2510:

Venetians and Austrians. The present day aspect of a mostly

1715:

Archaeological excavations found that a church dedicated to

2198:(Amurat Vaivoda), a Croatian renegade who had been born in 3868:

Povijest Hrvata: Knjiga Prva, Druga, Treća, Četvrta i Peta

3405:

Fine (The Late Medieval Balkans – 1994), pp. 209–210.

3385:

Fine (The Late Medieval Balkans – 1994), pp. 208–209.

3371:

Fine (The Late Medieval Balkans – 1994), pp. 207–208.

1998:, where he was recognized as king; then they proceeded to 1141:, to its final development as a large fortress during the 3939:

Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century

3196: 3194: 3192: 3141:

Fine (The early medieval Balkans – 1991), pp. 34–35.

1203:

in Croatia. During the reign of the first Croatian king,

2767:

met in 1527 at Cetin and elected Ferdinand as their king

2476:

was not topped by any side, was located the flat of the

3870:(in Croatian). Zagreb: Nakladni zavod Matice hrvatske. 2824: 2822: 3439:"The southern Slav question and the Habsburg Monarchy" 3437:

Seton-Watson, R. W. (Robert William) (July 11, 1911).

3245:

Fine (The early medieval Balkans – 1991), p. 263.

3166:

Fine (The early medieval Balkans – 1991), p. 257.

2496:" whose importance was invaluable during long sieges. 2218:, where they continued fighting the Turkish invaders. 3769:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. 3353:

Fine (The Late Medieval Balkans – 1994), p. 206.

3284: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3113:

Fine (The early medieval Balkans – 1991), p. 22.

2275:

were strong fortresses, they were clearly in danger.

3922:. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society. 3596:

ago, Ours is the Fury 7 years (September 18, 2013).

3095: 3093: 4148: 3904:Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain) (1856). 3001: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2985: 867:

Decline of military importance (1648–present)

644:Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia and Lord of all Bosnia 273: 265: 256: 248: 240: 186: 178: 173: 165: 147: 142: 131: 94: 21: 3957: 3844:Hunyadi and Laszlovszky, Zsolt and József (2001). 3714: 3472: 3470: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 2404:Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars 2005:Paul I Šubić, Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia, became 1949:to regain their former role in Dalmatia. In 1274, 1802:of two kingdoms, united under the Hungarian king. 74: 4611:Buildings and structures in Split-Dalmatia County 3308: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3031: 2046:, who ruled over Bosnia like his uncle Mladen I. 1828:), a strategic point in the hinterland of Split ( 1641:) in Latin, confirming Mislav's donations to the 3717:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250 3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3029: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 2600:The fortress was used in a 1972 historical film 2096:Klis Fortress in the 16th century, indicated as 1253:Klis Fortress is best known for its role in the 1238:was the most significant. During his reign, the 4032:(in Croatian). Klis: Hrvatsko društvo Trpimir. 3561: 3559: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3121: 3119: 2653:Re-enactment of Croatians battling the Ottomans 1697: 1497:) was first described in chapter 29 of Emperor 1195:, in the valley under the fortress, he built a 298: 1790:, under the supremacy of Hungarian kings. The 1451:Migration period and the arrival of the Croats 4143:– Castles, fortresses, and palaces in Croatia 4117: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3523: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3254:Regional Surveys of the World (1996), p. 271. 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2454:, which surround a central strongpoint, the " 1808:was extremely favorably disposed towards the 1477:, after he eliminated Odoacer, and set up an 1137:, to a role as royal castle and seat of many 8: 4636:Tourist attractions in Split-Dalmatia County 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3172: 2944:[Klis – A gateway to Dalmatia] 2852: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2148:were willing to provide some men and money. 1649:. In this document Trpimir I named himself; 1257:in the early 16th century. Croatian captain 770:1434–1436 Croatian noble and Ban of Croatia 4564:Zrinski-Frankopan Castle in Severin na Kupi 3745:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 3667:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 3622:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3349: 3347: 3345: 1504:. While describing the Roman settlement of 690:1356–1387 Croatian nobility in the name of 4631:Military history of the Kingdom of Croatia 4124: 4110: 4102: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3087:Royal Geographical Society (1856), p. 589. 1363:Ancient stronghold of Illyrians and Romans 774:, at that time in war with king Sigismund 18: 3983:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3964:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3827:Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute 3721:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3109: 3107: 3105: 2336:for the relatively meager sum of 100,000 2328:was defeated and forced to sail away for 2283:The Ottomans built a stone mosque with a 1957:succeeded him as the family elder. Soon, 1582:, Klis was ruled by royal members of the 1295:, on a pass that separates the mountains 816:1513–1537 Croatian noble, Prince of Klis 156:June–September: daily 9 am–7 pm 3598:"New set photos from Klis and Dubrovnik" 2342: 2202:, to go and lay siege to Klis fortress ( 2104:('port of Klis') indicated to the south. 2091: 1853: 1768: 1380: 159:October–May: Sat–Sun 9 am–5 pm 3960:A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples 3889:. London: Europa Publications Limited. 3272:Hunyadi and Laszlovszky (2001), p. 137. 2789: 2748: 2631: 2560:The oldest remaining building with the 2535:Oprah tower guarding a second entrance. 2066:. Jelena Šubić gave birth to the first 1941:The weakening of royal authority under 1923:, was born in Klis Fortress during the 1291:, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from the 1157:. It has been a crossroad between the 182:Unknown, probably in the 3rd century BC 3885:Regional Surveys of the World (1996). 3615: 2365:Fifth Ottoman–Venetian War in Dalmatia 2144:baulked at sending any help. Only the 3981:On the Origin of the Ottoman Emperors 3956:Singleton, Frederick Bernard (1989). 1651:"By the mercy of God, Duke of Croats" 978:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 272: 264: 255: 7: 4097:Webcam from top of the Klis fortress 2194:sent 8,000 men under the command of 2074:, who later inherited the fortress. 1896:did not help Béla IV in his escape. 1659:Dux Chroatorum iuvatus munere divino 3906:A Gazetteer of the World: AA-Brazey 2488:which were in Turkish times called 1973:, started. Charles Martel's father 1730:theologian of the mid-9th century, 1519:was sacked and destroyed in 614 by 1389:. The location of Klis is north of 967:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs 3941:. Philadelphia: Diane Publishing. 3200:Hrvatski leksikon (1996), p. 1022. 2564:is a former square-shaped Turkish 1925:Mongol invasion of Hungary-Croatia 1812:. During his participation in the 1287:The fortress is located above the 16:Medieval fortress in Klis, Croatia 14: 4064:Musulin, Nedjeljko (2009-11-04). 2828:Hrvatski leksikon (1996), p. 470. 4572: 4133: 2701: 2682: 2670: 2658: 2646: 2634: 2458:" at its eastern, highest end. " 2371:(Morlacchi). Venetian commander 1617:The reign of Mislav's successor 1214:In March 1242 at Klis Fortress, 1077: 1066: 1057: 1046: 1037: 1026: 1015: 1006: 995: 980: 969: 958: 949: 938: 929: 918: 907: 892: 877: 854: 843: 831: 820: 783: 775: 763: 749: 734: 694: 683: 671: 656: 645: 632: 616: 605: 600: 565: 556: 541: 532: 501: 490: 475: 464: 445: 418: 407: 380: 368: 353: 342: 331: 303:Small stronghold (pre–835) 73: 66: 46: 4030:Klis: Prošlost, Toponimi, Govor 3979:Spandouginos, Theodore (1997). 3803:Fraser, Robert William (1854). 3568:"Otvorena "Uskočka oružarnica"" 3288:Archdeacon (2006), pp. 161–163. 3228:from the original on 2018-04-16 3099:Collection (1805), pp. 111–116. 2971:from the original on 2016-03-04 2808:from the original on 2022-06-21 2222:Sanjak centre of Ottoman Bosnia 2110:Ottoman conquest of the Balkans 1621:, is significant for spreading 1536:, on the invitation of Emperor 1423:, which is the origin of later 1230:, the fortress was governed by 1180:, is significant for spreading 4424:Pejačević Castle in Virovitica 4399:Oršić Castle in Gornja Stubica 3937:Setton, Kenneth Meyer (1991). 3005:Wilkinson (1848), pp. 169–172. 2689:St. Vid Church in the fortress 1757:Kingdom of Croatia (1102–1526) 1277:Fall of the Republic of Venice 810:Ottoman Wars (1513–1648) 1: 4078:(in Croatian). Archived from 4059:Historical Unit Kliški uskoci 2375:seized several forts, retook 1747:, were his chief residences. 1554:Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102) 1125:. From its origin as a small 798:and Vladislav in the name of 497:925–1102 Croatian kings from 431:Royal Castle (835–1102) 169:Preserved, slightly renovated 4348:Mirabella Fortress (Peovica) 3705:. London: Oxford University. 3682:Bousfield, Jonathan (2003). 3427:Singleton (1989), pp. 60–62. 2942:"Klis –vrata Dalmacije" 2727:Timeline of Croatian history 2641:"Kliški uskoci" re-enactment 2125:were a law unto themselves. 1884:and Dalmatian towns such as 1499:Constantine Porphyrogenitus' 1024:Independent State of Croatia 682:as Mladen III Šubić's widow 198:, later expanded mostly by: 3999:Wilkinson, Sir John Gardner 3788:. Footprint Travel Guides. 3642:Archdeacon, Thomas of Split 3553:Setton (1991), pp. 148–149. 3544:Fraser (1854), pp. 244–245. 3476:Spandouginos (1997), p. 75. 3151:Constantine Porphyrogenitus 2434:South view of the fortress. 2379:, temporarily captured the 2355:. Klis is located north of 2186:, and a papal commissioner 1977:, awarded all Croatia from 1963:Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia 1684:, the duke Trpimir built a 1515:Salona, the capital of the 1211:were his chief residences. 594:Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia 585:1242–1273 Croatian nobility 579:1227–1242 Croatian nobility 4652: 3684:The Rough Guide to Croatia 3312:Archdeacon (2006), p. 299. 3125:Curta (2006), pp. 100–101. 2717:List of castles in Croatia 2442:First gate of the fortress 2388:fall of the Venetian state 2225: 2155: 2081: 1986:struggle over the throne, 1934: 1847: 1754: 1547: 1454: 1387:Roman province of Dalmatia 1366: 1338:, and most of the central 1255:Ottoman invasion of Europe 665:Mladen III Šubić of Bribir 514:Fortress (1102–1458) 4621:Historic sites in Croatia 4581: 4570: 4248:Fortica Fortress (Otočac) 3494:Bousfield (2003), p. 313. 2802:Registar Kulturnih Dobara 2722:List of rulers of Croatia 2214:retreated to the city of 1850:Mongol invasion of Europe 1527:. The population fled to 790:1437–1458 Croatian noble 756:1401–1434 Croatian noble 710:1387–1394 Croatian noble 641:Mladen II Šubić of Bribir 289: 285: 281: 252: 61: 57: 45: 28: 3686:. London: Rough Guides. 3663:Bellamy, Alex J (2003). 3155:De Administrando Imperio 2665:Game of Thrones film set 2279:The Klis mosque / church 2192:Suleiman the Magnificent 1988:George I Šubić of Bribir 1868:under the leadership of 1661:), and his realm as the 1502:De Administrando Imperio 1467:fall of the Roman Empire 259:Cultural Good of Croatia 4258:Glavaš-Dinarić Fortress 4028:Listeš, Srećko (1998). 3825:(in Croatian). Zagreb: 2240:(Kilis Sancağı) of the 2078:Petar Kružić and Uskoks 1971:Charles Martel of Anjou 1959:Ladislaus IV of Hungary 1951:Stjepko Šubić of Bribir 1861:flees from the Mongols. 1590:of the Croatian Duchy ( 680:Jelena Šubić (Nemanjić) 269:Protected cultural good 4514:Tržan Castle in Modruš 4444:Prandau-Normann Castle 3823:Hrvatski Opći Leksikon 3535:Foster (2004), p. 215. 3517:Setton (1984), p. 144. 3464:Setton (1984), p. 421. 3219:www.historiografija.hr 2677:Cannon in the fortress 2553: 2536: 2443: 2435: 2412:Treaty of Campo Formio 2360: 2301: 2259: 2234:Ottoman wars in Europe 2105: 1955:Paul I Šubić of Bribir 1912: 1862: 1798:were, from 1102, in a 1783: 1713: 1707:... – English... 1670: 1658: 1638: 1563: 1396: 1236:Paul I Šubić of Bribir 1143:Ottoman wars in Europe 1106: 1098: 1086: 719: 669:"Shield of the Croats" 590:Paul I Šubić of Bribir 4626:Medieval architecture 4529:Veliki Bukovec Castle 4479:St. Nicholas Fortress 3784:Foster, Jane (2004). 3566:Mihovilović, Sreten. 3186:Curta (2006), p. 139. 2737:Battle of Klis (1596) 2551: 2534: 2527:Second defensive line 2452:defensive stone walls 2441: 2433: 2346: 2258:fighting the Ottomans 2254: 2188:Jacomo Dalmoro d'Arbe 2095: 2007:Lord of all of Bosnia 1967:Andrew III of Hungary 1857: 1772: 1663:"Realm of the Croats" 1639:in loco Byaci dicitur 1561: 1435:, at the time of the 1419:, and in later times 1384: 1201:Benedictine monastery 1129:built by the ancient 1013:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 993:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 598:Lord of all of Bosnia 116:43.56000°N 16.52389°E 4494:Syrmia County Palace 4158:Bajnski Dvori Castle 3761:Fine, John V. A. Jr. 3737:Fine, John V. A. Jr. 3503:Setton (1984), p. 9. 2765:The Croatian nobles 2544:Third defensive line 2518:First defensive line 2408:Archduchy of Austria 2060:Vladislaus of Bosnia 2058:hand in marriage to 1975:Charles II of Naples 1943:Stephen V of Hungary 1930: 1806:Andrew II of Hungary 1732:Gottschalk of Orbais 1586:, who were at first 1584:House of Trpimirović 1517:province of Dalmatia 1489:. The name of Klis ( 499:House of Trpimirović 473:House of Trpimirović 462:House of Trpimirović 229:(present day aspect) 190:Small stronghold by 4616:History of Dalmatia 4534:Veliki Tabor Castle 4318:Kostajnica Fortress 3701:Collection (1805). 2582:Ministry of Culture 2410:as a result of the 2326:Ladislaus of Naples 2184:Niccolo dalla Torre 2152:Final Ottoman siege 2064:House of Kotromanić 1969:, and pro-Croatian 1479:Ostrogothic Kingdom 1475:Theodoric the Great 1113:situated above the 1055:Republic of Croatia 1004:Banovina of Croatia 947:Kingdom of Dalmatia 927:Kingdom of Dalmatia 901:First French Empire 743:Nikola II Gorjanski 366:Ostrogothic Kingdom 362:Theodoric the Great 112: / 4606:Castles in Croatia 4587:Castles in Croatia 4474:Starigrad Fortress 4439:Potravlje Fortress 4404:Ostrovica Fortress 3914:Setton, Kenneth M. 2596:In popular culture 2554: 2537: 2500:Present appearance 2494:Holy Biblical Magi 2471:Fortress outskirts 2444: 2436: 2402:'s success in the 2361: 2260: 2106: 1874:Béla IV of Hungary 1863: 1796:Kingdom of Hungary 1792:Kingdom of Croatia 1784: 1761:Kingdom of Hungary 1736:"De Trina deitate" 1705:pro duce Trepimero 1631:"Charter in Biaći" 1594:), and afterwards 1564: 1473:, and then by the 1397: 1269:Republic of Venice 1107:Fortezza di Clissa 905:Napoleon Bonaparte 875:Republic of Venice 539:Kingdom of Hungary 530:Kingdom of Croatia 484:Kingdom of Croatia 274:Reference no. 121:43.56000; 16.52389 4593: 4592: 4378:Novigrad na Dobri 4298:Kerestinec Castle 4283:Kamerlengo Castle 4268:Gvozdansko Castle 3814:978-1-4021-2562-1 3786:Footprint Croatia 3728:978-0-521-89452-4 2347:Territory of the 2334:Venetian Republic 2140:in 1526, and the 1882:Croatian nobility 1788:Croatian nobility 1671:Regnum Chroatorum 1340:Dalmatian islands 1232:Croatian nobility 1159:Mediterranean Sea 1111:medieval fortress 989:Littoral Banovina 890:Holy Roman Empire 800:Holy Roman Empire 726:, in the name of 692:Louis I the Great 572:1221–1227 Prince 522:Croatian nobility 414:640–835 Dukes of 406:, a Slavic tribe 293: 292: 4643: 4576: 4504:Trakošćan Castle 4484:St. Michael Fort 4333:Maruševec Castle 4308:Fortress of Klis 4303:Klenovnik Castle 4253:Frankopan Castle 4139: 4137: 4136: 4126: 4119: 4112: 4103: 4093: 4091: 4090: 4084: 4071: 4043: 4016: 3994: 3975: 3963: 3952: 3933: 3909: 3900: 3881: 3864:Klaić, Vjekoslav 3859: 3840: 3818: 3799: 3780: 3756: 3732: 3720: 3706: 3697: 3678: 3659: 3628: 3627: 3621: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3604:on July 21, 2017 3600:. Archived from 3593: 3587: 3586: 3584: 3583: 3563: 3554: 3551: 3545: 3542: 3536: 3533: 3518: 3515: 3504: 3501: 3495: 3492: 3477: 3474: 3465: 3462: 3443: 3442: 3434: 3428: 3425: 3406: 3403: 3386: 3383: 3372: 3369: 3354: 3351: 3340: 3339: 3334: 3313: 3310: 3289: 3286: 3273: 3270: 3255: 3252: 3246: 3243: 3237: 3236: 3234: 3233: 3227: 3216: 3207: 3201: 3198: 3187: 3184: 3167: 3164: 3158: 3148: 3142: 3139: 3126: 3123: 3114: 3111: 3100: 3097: 3088: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3076: 3075: 3060:"Povijest Klisa" 3058:Listeš, Srećko. 3055: 3006: 3003: 2980: 2979: 2977: 2976: 2970: 2947: 2938: 2829: 2826: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2813: 2794: 2778: 2763: 2757: 2753: 2711: 2706: 2705: 2704: 2686: 2674: 2662: 2650: 2638: 2464:"Grand position" 2460:Položaj maggiore 2456:Položaj maggiore 2373:Leonardo Foscolo 2196:Murat-beg Tardić 2138:Battle of Mohács 2134:(Prince of Klis) 2052:Mladen III Šubić 1818:Pontius de Cruce 1774:Croatian Kingdom 1726:A controversial 1709:for Duke Trpimir 1683: 1600:Croatian Kingdom 1572:Duchy of Croatia 1550:Duchy of Croatia 1487:Byzantine Empire 1457:Migration period 1315:in its history. 1228:Late Middle Ages 1194: 1174:Duchy of Croatia 1081: 1070: 1061: 1050: 1041: 1030: 1019: 1010: 999: 984: 973: 962: 953: 942: 933: 922: 911: 896: 881: 858: 847: 835: 824: 787: 779: 767: 753: 738: 698: 687: 675: 660: 649: 636: 620: 609: 604: 569: 560: 550:Pontius de Cruce 545: 536: 520:1102–1217 Mixed 505: 494: 479: 468: 458:Duchy of Croatia 449: 443:Duchy of Croatia 422: 411: 388:Byzantine Empire 386: 384: 383: 377:Byzantine Empire 372: 357: 346: 335: 316: 143:Site information 127: 126: 124: 123: 122: 117: 113: 110: 109: 108: 105: 77: 76: 70: 50: 41: 19: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4645: 4644: 4642: 4641: 4640: 4596: 4595: 4594: 4589: 4577: 4568: 4539:Venetian Castle 4449:Prozor Fortress 4373:Novigrad Castle 4243:Feštetić Castle 4228:Đurđevac Castle 4213:Drivenik Castle 4144: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4088: 4086: 4082: 4069: 4063: 4055: 4040: 4027: 4024: 4022:Further reading 4019: 4013: 3997: 3991: 3978: 3972: 3955: 3949: 3936: 3930: 3912: 3903: 3897: 3884: 3878: 3862: 3856: 3843: 3837: 3821: 3815: 3802: 3796: 3783: 3777: 3759: 3753: 3735: 3729: 3709: 3700: 3694: 3681: 3675: 3662: 3656: 3640: 3636: 3631: 3614: 3607: 3605: 3595: 3594: 3590: 3581: 3579: 3572:kliskiuskoci.hr 3565: 3564: 3557: 3552: 3548: 3543: 3539: 3534: 3521: 3516: 3507: 3502: 3498: 3493: 3480: 3475: 3468: 3463: 3446: 3436: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3409: 3404: 3389: 3384: 3375: 3370: 3357: 3352: 3343: 3337: 3335: 3316: 3311: 3292: 3287: 3276: 3271: 3258: 3253: 3249: 3244: 3240: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3221:(in Croatian). 3214: 3209: 3208: 3204: 3199: 3190: 3185: 3170: 3165: 3161: 3149: 3145: 3140: 3129: 3124: 3117: 3112: 3103: 3098: 3091: 3086: 3082: 3073: 3071: 3057: 3056: 3009: 3004: 2983: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2952:(in Croatian). 2945: 2940: 2939: 2832: 2827: 2820: 2811: 2809: 2796: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2782: 2781: 2764: 2760: 2754: 2750: 2745: 2707: 2702: 2700: 2697: 2690: 2687: 2678: 2675: 2666: 2663: 2654: 2651: 2642: 2639: 2630: 2621:Game of Thrones 2603:Eagle in a Cage 2598: 2574: 2546: 2529: 2520: 2502: 2473: 2428: 2318: 2281: 2230: 2224: 2160: 2154: 2090: 2080: 2048:George II Šubić 2044:Mladen II Šubić 2030:to his brother 1939: 1933: 1921:Maria Laskarina 1852: 1846: 1816:, he appointed 1767: 1765:Knights Templar 1753: 1751:Knights Templar 1677: 1556: 1546: 1463: 1453: 1437:Illyrian revolt 1379: 1365: 1360: 1289:village of Klis 1285: 1234:, amongst whom 1218:serving in the 1209:Biograd na Moru 1188: 1115:village of Klis 1087: 1085: 1084: 956:Austria-Hungary 936:Austrian Empire 916:Austrian Empire 886:Austrian Empire 869: 862: 861: 812: 805: 804: 745:in the name of 720:Ivan od Paližne 712:John of Palisna 702:Lands ruled by 667: 654:George II Šubić 643: 627: 592: 554:Knights Templar 516: 509: 508: 460:and founder of 433: 426: 425: 381: 379: 319: 310: 297: 261: 233:Austrian Empire 150:the public 149: 120: 118: 114: 111: 106: 103: 101: 99: 98: 90: 89: 88: 87: 86: 85: 84: 82: 78: 53: 37: 29: 23: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4649: 4647: 4639: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4598: 4597: 4591: 4590: 4582: 4579: 4578: 4571: 4569: 4567: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4544:Vitturi Castle 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4519:Tvrdalj Castle 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4469:Sokolac Castle 4466: 4461: 4459:Sisak Fortress 4456: 4454:Samobor Castle 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4363:Nehaj Fortress 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4288:Kamičak (Krka) 4285: 4280: 4275: 4273:Hreljin Castle 4270: 4265: 4263:Grižane Castle 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4218:Dubovac Castle 4215: 4210: 4205: 4203:Čakovec Castle 4200: 4198:Čačvina Castle 4195: 4193:Cippico Castle 4190: 4185: 4180: 4178:Califfi Castle 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4154: 4152: 4146: 4145: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4121: 4114: 4106: 4100: 4099: 4094: 4061: 4054: 4053:External links 4051: 4050: 4049: 4044: 4038: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4017: 4011: 3995: 3989: 3976: 3971:978-0521274852 3970: 3953: 3947: 3934: 3928: 3910: 3901: 3895: 3882: 3876: 3860: 3854: 3841: 3835: 3819: 3813: 3800: 3794: 3781: 3775: 3757: 3751: 3733: 3727: 3707: 3698: 3692: 3679: 3673: 3660: 3654: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3588: 3555: 3546: 3537: 3519: 3505: 3496: 3478: 3466: 3444: 3429: 3407: 3387: 3373: 3355: 3341: 3314: 3290: 3274: 3256: 3247: 3238: 3202: 3188: 3168: 3159: 3143: 3127: 3115: 3101: 3089: 3080: 3007: 2981: 2830: 2818: 2798:"Tvrđava Klis" 2788: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2779: 2758: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2740: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2713: 2712: 2709:Croatia portal 2696: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2688: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2633: 2629: 2626: 2597: 2594: 2573: 2570: 2545: 2542: 2528: 2525: 2519: 2516: 2501: 2498: 2472: 2469: 2427: 2424: 2349:Ottoman Empire 2317: 2314: 2302:Crkva St. Vida 2280: 2277: 2223: 2220: 2156:Main article: 2153: 2150: 2079: 2076: 2032:George I Šubić 2012:Mladen I Šubić 1992:Charles Robert 1979:Gvozd Mountain 1947:House of Šubić 1937:House of Šubić 1932: 1929: 1917:Saint Margaret 1845: 1842: 1800:personal union 1752: 1749: 1688:and the first 1580:Duke Trpimir I 1545: 1542: 1452: 1449: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1352:inland Croatia 1322:settlement of 1313:fortifications 1284: 1281: 1240:House of Šubić 1226:. During the 1199:and the first 1178:Duke Trpimir I 1155:Ottoman Empire 1139:Croatian kings 1083: 1082: 1071: 1064:SFR Yugoslavia 1051: 1044:SFR Yugoslavia 1031: 1020: 1000: 985: 974: 963: 943: 923: 912: 897: 882: 870: 864: 863: 860: 859: 852:Ottoman Empire 848: 836: 829:Ottoman Empire 825: 813: 807: 806: 803: 802: 788: 780: 772:Ivan Frankopan 768: 761:Ivaniš Nelipić 754: 741:1394–1401 Ban 739: 706:in the 1370s. 700: 699: 688: 676: 661: 650: 637: 625:Mladen I Šubić 621: 614:George I Šubić 610: 586: 583: 580: 577: 570: 546: 526:personal union 517: 511: 510: 507: 506: 495: 486:ruled by King 480: 469: 454:Duke Trpimir I 450: 434: 428: 427: 424: 423: 412: 400: 390: 373: 358: 347: 336: 320: 308:Kliška gradina 300: 299: 296:List of rulers 295: 294: 291: 290: 287: 286: 283: 282: 279: 278: 275: 271: 270: 267: 263: 262: 257: 254: 253: 250: 249: 246: 245: 242: 238: 237: 236: 235: 230: 224: 222:Ottoman Empire 219: 217:House of Šubić 213: 209:Croatian duke 207: 188: 184: 183: 180: 176: 175: 171: 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Fortress 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4173:Brod Fortress 4171: 4169: 4168:Blagaj Castle 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4147: 4142: 4127: 4122: 4120: 4115: 4113: 4108: 4107: 4104: 4098: 4095: 4085:on 2011-07-21 4081: 4077: 4076: 4067: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4045: 4041: 4039:9789539675132 4035: 4031: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4014: 4012:9781446043615 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3990:9780521585101 3986: 3982: 3977: 3973: 3967: 3962: 3961: 3954: 3950: 3948:0-87169-192-2 3944: 3940: 3935: 3931: 3929:0-87169-161-2 3925: 3921: 3920: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3902: 3898: 3896:1-85743-058-1 3892: 3888: 3883: 3879: 3877:9788640100519 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 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2217: 2213: 2207: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2163:Pope Paul III 2159: 2158:Siege of Klis 2151: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2124: 2120: 2115: 2111: 2103: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2085: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2050:and his son, 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1984: 1983:Neretva mouth 1981:to the river 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1938: 1928: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1897: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1814:Fifth Crusade 1811: 1807: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1781: 1780: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1724: 1722: 1718: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1687: 1681: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1643:Archbishopric 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1604:rex Croatorum 1601: 1597: 1593: 1592:dux Croatorum 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1560: 1555: 1551: 1543: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1462: 1458: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1445:Illyrian Wars 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1403:tribe of the 1402: 1394: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1374: 1373:Illyrian Wars 1370: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1282: 1280: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1192: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1091:Klis Fortress 1080: 1076: 1073:1991–present 1072: 1069: 1065: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1005: 1001: 998: 994: 990: 986: 983: 979: 975: 972: 968: 964: 961: 957: 952: 948: 944: 941: 937: 932: 928: 924: 921: 917: 913: 910: 906: 902: 898: 895: 891: 888:as a part of 887: 883: 880: 876: 872: 871: 868: 857: 853: 849: 846: 841: 837: 834: 830: 826: 823: 819: 815: 814: 811: 801: 797: 793: 792:Matko Talovac 789: 786: 781: 778: 773: 769: 766: 762: 759: 755: 752: 748: 744: 740: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 708: 707: 705: 697: 693: 689: 686: 681: 677: 674: 670: 666: 662: 659: 655: 651: 648: 642: 638: 635: 630: 629:Ban of Bosnia 626: 622: 619: 615: 611: 608: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 584: 581: 578: 575: 571: 568: 564: 561:appointed by 559: 555: 552:in charge of 551: 547: 544: 540: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 518: 515: 504: 500: 496: 493: 489: 485: 481: 478: 474: 470: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 448: 444: 440: 436: 435: 432: 421: 417: 413: 410: 405: 401: 399: 395: 391: 389: 378: 374: 371: 367: 363: 359: 356: 352: 348: 345: 341: 337: 334: 330: 326: 322: 321: 318: 314: 309: 304: 288: 284: 280: 276: 268: 260: 251: 247: 243: 239: 234: 231: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 214: 212: 208: 206: 203: 200: 199: 197: 193: 189: 187:Built by 185: 181: 177: 172: 168: 164: 158: 155: 154: 152: 146: 141: 137: 136:Fortification 134: 130: 125: 97: 93: 81:Klis Fortress 69: 60: 56: 49: 44: 40: 36: 32: 27: 22:Klis Fortress 20: 4583: 4549:Vrana Castle 4509:Trsat Castle 4499:Tkalec Manor 4464:Skrad Castle 4429:Pietrapelosa 4419:Pazin Castle 4409:Ozalj Castle 4307: 4238:Erdut Castle 4188:Cetin Castle 4183:Cambi Castle 4087:. 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Retrieved 2801: 2792: 2761: 2751: 2619: 2608:Saint Helena 2601: 2599: 2589: 2578:re-enactment 2575: 2559: 2555: 2538: 2521: 2503: 2489: 2474: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2448:architecture 2445: 2426:Architecture 2420:World War II 2385: 2362: 2356: 2319: 2282: 2261: 2256:Petar Kružić 2231: 2208: 2203: 2161: 2133: 2127: 2114:Petar Kružić 2107: 2102:P. di Clissa 2101: 2097: 2084:Petar Kružić 2068:Bosnian King 2056:Jelena Šubić 2004: 1945:allowed the 1940: 1931:Šubić's rule 1898: 1878: 1864: 1844:Mongol siege 1837: 1829: 1825: 1804: 1785: 1777: 1735: 1725: 1714: 1708: 1704: 1698: 1662: 1650: 1630: 1626: 1623:Christianity 1616: 1603: 1591: 1565: 1544:Royal Castle 1529:Diocletian's 1514: 1501: 1494: 1490: 1464: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1399:The ancient 1398: 1390: 1377:Roman Empire 1317: 1293:Adriatic Sea 1286: 1259:Petar Kružić 1252: 1244:Bosnian King 1213: 1182:Christianity 1167: 1099:Tvrđava Klis 1090: 1088: 866: 818:Petar Kružić 809: 701: 668: 513: 430: 340:Roman Empire 305: 302: 174:Site history 148:Open to 83:Tvrđava Klis 24:Tvrđava Klis 4554:Zrin Castle 4394:Opeka Manor 4385:of Zaprešić 4278:Ilok Castle 4163:Banfi Manor 2572:Present day 2486:quarantines 2482:lazarettoes 2416:Axis powers 2353:Candian War 2232:During the 2062:, from the 2036:Bosnian Ban 1905:Ögedei Khan 1717:Saint Vitus 1690:Benedictine 1678: [ 1483:Justinian I 1427:and modern 1413:"Andetrium" 1207:, Klis and 1189: [ 1170:Duke Mislav 439:Duke Mislav 338:9 AD – 476 311: [ 119: / 95:Coordinates 4600:Categories 4414:Paz Castle 4383:Novi Dvori 4353:Monkodonja 4338:Medvedgrad 4323:Lovrijenac 4233:Eltz Manor 4208:Dobra Kuća 4089:2011-03-13 3582:2010-04-02 3232:2018-04-15 3074:2010-05-16 2975:2009-12-17 2950:Građevinar 2812:2023-05-28 2785:References 2775:Little War 2351:after the 2324:contender 2226:See also: 2082:See also: 1953:died, and 1935:See also: 1848:See also: 1755:See also: 1608:Byzantines 1548:See also: 1465:After the 1455:See also: 1421:"Clausura" 1417:"Anderium" 1367:See also: 1275:after the 1127:stronghold 1053:1990–1991 1035:SR Croatia 1033:1945–1990 1022:1941–1945 1002:1939–1941 987:1929–1939 976:1918–1929 965:1918–1918 945:1867–1918 925:1815–1867 914:1813–1815 899:1805–1813 884:1797–1805 873:1648–1797 850:1596–1648 838:1596–1596 827:1537–1596 794:and later 678:1348–1356 663:1330–1348 652:1322–1330 639:1304–1322 631:(Dominus) 623:1302–1304 612:1277–1302 588:1273–1277 576:from Split 548:1217–1221 107:16°31′26″E 104:43°33′36″N 4584:See also: 4489:Susedgrad 4389:Novi Zrin 4368:Nesactium 4343:Milengrad 4001:(2005) . 3763:(1994) . 3739:(1991) . 2962:0350-2465 2478:Commander 2294:St. Vitus 2171:Ferdinand 2142:Venetians 2119:Ferdinand 2000:Esztergom 1721:Domaslava 1693:monastery 1619:Trpimir I 1614:to Klis. 1538:Heraclius 1495:Kleisoura 747:Sigismund 563:Andrew II 327:tribe of 323:? – 9 AD 244:Limestone 241:Materials 227:Venetians 215:Croatian 211:Trpimir I 194:tribe of 166:Condition 4293:Kaštilac 3916:(1984). 3866:(1985). 3829:. 1996. 3713:(2006). 3644:(2006). 3618:cite web 3608:July 11, 3223:Archived 2966:Archived 2806:Archived 2695:See also 2507:military 2490:nazanama 2400:Napoleon 2377:Novigrad 2369:Morlachs 2298:Croatian 2269:Signoria 2265:Novigrad 2130:Slavonia 2072:Tvrtko I 1909:Croatian 1838:Sebenico 1810:Templars 1794:and the 1741:Tomislav 1675:Rižinice 1627:"Croats" 1576:Frankish 1481:. After 1441:Tiberius 1433:Augustus 1425:"Clissa" 1405:Dalmatae 1401:Illyrian 1369:Dalmatae 1348:Dalmatia 1283:Location 1248:Tvrtko I 1205:Tomislav 1186:Rižinice 1161:and the 1135:Dalmatae 1131:Illyrian 1095:Croatian 732:Tvrtko I 716:Croatian 528:between 488:Tomislav 471:864–925 452:845–864 437:835–845 402:620–640 392:614–620 375:537–614 360:493–537 349:476–493 329:Dalmatae 325:Illyrian 202:Croatian 196:Dalmatae 192:Illyrian 4223:Dvigrad 4150:Croatia 4141:Croatia 4075:Vjesnik 3064:klis.hr 2771:Ottoman 2628:Gallery 2618:series 2614:in the 2612:Meereen 2418:during 2396:Imotski 2357:Spalato 2289:minaret 2200:Šibenik 2176:Trieste 2100:, with 2016:Šibenik 1859:Béla IV 1834:Šibenik 1830:Spalato 1779:Spalato 1745:Biograd 1598:of the 1570:of the 1471:Odoacer 1392:Salonae 1358:History 1332:Kaštela 1309:Croatia 1273:Austria 1224:Béla IV 1172:of the 1163:Balkans 1123:Croatia 1117:, near 1109:) is a 1103:Italian 1075:Croatia 1062:within 1042:within 1011:within 991:within 954:within 934:within 728:Bosnian 722:) from 524:during 416:Croatia 351:Odoacer 138:, mixed 39:Croatia 33:, near 4358:Nečven 4138: 4036: 4009: 3987: 3968: 3945: 3926: 3893: 3874: 3852: 3833: 3811: 3792: 3773: 3749: 3725: 3690: 3671: 3652: 2960: 2586:byword 2566:mosque 2338:ducats 2330:Naples 2310:Đakovo 2287:and a 2238:sanjak 2212:Uskoci 2204:Clissa 2180:Ancona 2123:Uskoks 2098:Clissa 2088:Uskoks 2040:Bosnia 2024:Trogir 2014:, and 1996:Zagreb 1913:Ogotaj 1901:Croats 1886:Trogir 1866:Tatars 1826:Clissa 1763:, and 1686:church 1568:Mislav 1534:Croats 1506:Salona 1491:Kleisa 1461:Croats 1429:"Klis" 1409:Romans 1375:, and 1344:Bosnia 1336:Trogir 1324:Salona 1301:Kozjak 1264:Uskoks 1220:Mongol 1216:Tatars 1197:church 1168:Since 1151:Kozjak 1133:tribe 903:under 840:Uskoks 758:Prince 574:Domald 404:Croats 385: 277:Z-4206 205:Mislav 4083:(PDF) 4070:(PDF) 3226:(PDF) 3215:(PDF) 2969:(PDF) 2946:(PDF) 2743:Notes 2512:stone 2462:" or 2322:Anjou 2306:Drniš 2273:Zadar 2167:Curia 2146:popes 2038:over 1894:Split 1870:Kadan 1822:Gacka 1728:Saxon 1701:Latin 1682:] 1667:Latin 1655:Latin 1647:Split 1635:Latin 1596:Kings 1588:Dukes 1525:Slavs 1521:Avars 1510:Slavs 1328:Solin 1320:Roman 1305:Split 1297:Mosor 1193:] 1147:Mosor 1119:Split 796:Petar 730:King 724:Vrana 704:Louis 398:Avars 394:Slavs 315:] 179:Built 35:Split 4034:ISBN 4007:ISBN 3985:ISBN 3966:ISBN 3943:ISBN 3924:ISBN 3891:ISBN 3872:ISBN 3850:ISBN 3831:ISBN 3809:ISBN 3790:ISBN 3771:ISBN 3747:ISBN 3723:ISBN 3688:ISBN 3669:ISBN 3650:ISBN 3624:link 3610:2021 2958:ISSN 2562:dome 2484:and 2394:and 2308:and 2285:dome 2216:Senj 2086:and 2028:Omiš 2026:and 1888:and 1711:...) 1703:... 1552:and 1523:and 1459:and 1385:The 1350:and 1334:and 1299:and 1149:and 1089:The 865:5.) 808:4.) 596:and 537:and 512:3.) 482:925 429:2.) 396:and 364:and 301:1.) 266:Type 153:Yes 132:Type 31:Klis 2616:HBO 2020:Nin 1890:Rab 1840:). 1645:in 1612:Nin 1493:or 1415:or 1307:in 456:of 441:of 4602:: 4072:. 3620:}} 3616:{{ 3570:. 3558:^ 3522:^ 3508:^ 3481:^ 3469:^ 3447:^ 3410:^ 3390:^ 3376:^ 3358:^ 3344:^ 3317:^ 3293:^ 3277:^ 3259:^ 3217:. 3191:^ 3171:^ 3153:, 3130:^ 3118:^ 3104:^ 3092:^ 3062:. 3010:^ 2984:^ 2964:. 2954:53 2948:. 2833:^ 2821:^ 2804:. 2800:. 2624:. 2592:. 2422:. 2312:. 2300:: 2070:, 2022:, 2018:, 1927:. 1911:: 1759:, 1680:hr 1669:: 1657:: 1637:: 1512:. 1371:, 1346:, 1330:, 1326:, 1246:, 1191:hr 1165:. 1121:, 1105:: 1101:; 1097:: 718:: 313:hr 4125:e 4118:t 4111:v 4092:. 4042:. 4015:. 3993:. 3974:. 3951:. 3932:. 3899:. 3880:. 3858:. 3839:. 3817:. 3798:. 3779:. 3755:. 3731:. 3696:. 3677:. 3658:. 3626:) 3612:. 3585:. 3235:. 3077:. 2978:. 2815:. 2777:. 2359:. 2296:( 1907:( 1836:( 1782:. 1699:( 1665:( 1653:( 1633:( 1602:( 1395:. 1093:( 714:( 317:) 306:(

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