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Fowlkes–Mallows index

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The minimum possible value of the Fowlkes–Mallows index is 0, which corresponds to the worst binary classification possible, where all the elements have been misclassified. And the maximum possible value of the Fowlkes–Mallows index is 1, which corresponds to the best binary classification possible,
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making Fowlkes–Mallows index a much more accurate representation for unrelated data. This index also performs well if noise is added to an existing dataset and their similarity compared. Fowlkes and Mallows showed that the value of the index decreases as the component of the noise increases. The
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Since the index is directly proportional to the number of true positives, a higher index means greater similarity between the two clusterings used to determine the index. One basic way to test the validity of this index is to compare two clusterings that are unrelated to each other. Fowlkes and
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index also showed similarity even when the noisy dataset had a different number of clusters than the clusters of the original dataset. Thus making it a reliable tool for measuring similarity between two clusters.
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or a clustering and a benchmark classification. A higher value for the Fowlkes–Mallows index indicates a greater similarity between the clusters and the benchmark classifications. It was invented by
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Mallows showed that on using two unrelated clusterings, the value of this index approaches zero as the number of total data points chosen for clustering increase; whereas the value for the
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clusters for each tree (by either selecting clusters at a particular height of the tree or setting different strength of the hierarchical clustering). For each value of
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Chicco, Davide; Jurman, Giuseppe (2023). "A statistical comparison between Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), prevalence threshold, and Fowlkes–Mallows index".
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can also be defined based on the number of points that are common or uncommon in the two hierarchical clusterings. If we define
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Halkidi, Maria; Batistakis, Yannis; Vazirgiannis, Michalis (1 January 2001). "On Clustering Validation Techniques".
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Fowlkes, E. B.; Mallows, C. L. (1 September 1983). "A Method for Comparing Two Hierarchical Clusterings".
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method that is used to determine the similarity between two clusterings (clusters obtained after a
2346: 2144: 2007: 301: 36: 1883:{\displaystyle FM={\sqrt {PPV\cdot TPR}}={\sqrt {{\frac {TP}{TP+FP}}\cdot {\frac {TP}{TP+FN}}}}} 178:{\displaystyle FM={\sqrt {PPV\cdot TPR}}={\sqrt {{\frac {TP}{TP+FP}}\cdot {\frac {TP}{TP+FN}}}}} 2136: 659: 2291: 2262: 2231: 2204: 2172: 2126: 2118: 63:, when results of two clustering algorithms are used to evaluate the results, is defined as 32: 24: 1651: 1624: 1572: 1545: 1493: 1466: 1414: 1387: 1249: 1202: 759: 712: 463: 436: 409: 382: 2321: 1970: 1943: 266: 239: 2020: 1978: 314: 272: 1949: 1922: 1895: 1601: 1522: 1443: 1364: 245: 218: 191: 2081: 2057: 1296: 1276: 1229: 790: 739: 692: 534: 362: 2335: 2148: 1916: 212: 48: 2267: 2250: 2296: 2283: 2235: 2122: 2075: 1384:
as the number of pairs of points that are present in the same cluster in both
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as the number of pairs of points that are present in the same cluster in
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as the number of pairs of points that are present in the same cluster in
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as the number of pairs of points that are in different clusters in both
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and the similarity between the two clusterings can be shown by plotting
2208: 1190:{\displaystyle Q_{k}=\sum _{j=1}^{k}(\sum _{i=1}^{k}m_{i,j})^{2}-n} 1082:{\displaystyle P_{k}=\sum _{i=1}^{k}(\sum _{j=1}^{k}m_{i,j})^{2}-n} 646:{\displaystyle M=\qquad (i=1,\ldots ,k{\text{ and }}j=1,\ldots ,k)} 1679:
It can be shown that the four counts have the following property
974:{\displaystyle T_{k}=\sum _{i=1}^{k}\sum _{j=1}^{k}m_{i,j}^{2}-n} 869:{\displaystyle B_{k}={\frac {T_{k}}{\sqrt {P_{k}Q_{k}}}}} 351:
where all the elements have been perfectly classified.
2251:"Comparing clusterings—an information based distance" 2084: 2023: 1981: 1952: 1925: 1898: 1777: 1688: 1654: 1627: 1604: 1575: 1548: 1525: 1496: 1469: 1446: 1417: 1390: 1367: 1319: 1299: 1279: 1252: 1232: 1205: 1096: 988: 888: 816: 793: 762: 742: 715: 695: 662: 560: 537: 493: 466: 439: 412: 385: 365: 317: 275: 248: 221: 194: 72: 2190: 2188: 2090: 2035: 1993: 1961: 1934: 1907: 1882: 1753: 1667: 1640: 1613: 1588: 1561: 1534: 1509: 1482: 1455: 1430: 1403: 1376: 1344: 1305: 1285: 1265: 1238: 1218: 1189: 1081: 973: 868: 799: 775: 748: 728: 701: 681: 645: 543: 523: 479: 452: 425: 398: 371: 329: 287: 257: 230: 203: 177: 2197:Journal of the American Statistical Association 8: 2224:Journal of Intelligent Information Systems 1226:can then be calculated for every value of 551:, the following table can then be created 2295: 2266: 2130: 2083: 2022: 1980: 1951: 1924: 1897: 1849: 1817: 1815: 1787: 1776: 1743: 1687: 1659: 1653: 1632: 1626: 1603: 1580: 1574: 1553: 1547: 1524: 1501: 1495: 1474: 1468: 1445: 1422: 1416: 1395: 1389: 1366: 1330: 1318: 1298: 1278: 1257: 1251: 1231: 1210: 1204: 1175: 1159: 1149: 1138: 1125: 1114: 1101: 1095: 1067: 1051: 1041: 1030: 1017: 1006: 993: 987: 959: 948: 938: 927: 917: 906: 893: 887: 857: 847: 836: 830: 821: 815: 792: 767: 761: 741: 720: 714: 694: 667: 661: 614: 574: 559: 536: 492: 471: 465: 444: 438: 417: 411: 390: 384: 364: 359:Consider two hierarchical clusterings of 316: 274: 247: 220: 193: 144: 112: 110: 82: 71: 2315:Implementation of Fowlkes–Mallows index 2184: 1768:for two clusterings can be defined as 2078:for the same data quickly approaches 16:Evaluation method in cluster analysis 7: 1754:{\displaystyle TP+FP+FN+TN=n(n-1)/2} 2284:"Classification assessment methods" 14: 2288:Applied Computing and Informatics 2111:Journal of Biomedical Informatics 2056:The Fowlkes–Mallows index is the 1345:{\displaystyle 0\leq B_{k}\leq 1} 689:is of objects common between the 47:statisticians Edward Fowlkes and 2255:Journal of Multivariate Analysis 2168:Matthews correlation coefficient 31:), and also a metric to measure 589: 524:{\displaystyle k=2,\ldots ,n-1} 1740: 1728: 1172: 1131: 1064: 1023: 640: 590: 586: 567: 1: 39:could be either between two 2363: 2268:10.1016/j.jmva.2006.11.013 787:for the specific value of 2297:10.1016/j.aci.2018.08.003 2282:Tharwat A (August 2018). 2123:10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104426 2045:positive predictive rate 339:positive predictive rate 41:hierarchical clusterings 2249:MEILA, M (1 May 2007). 2236:10.1023/A:1012801612483 682:{\displaystyle m_{i,j}} 2092: 2037: 1995: 1963: 1936: 1909: 1884: 1755: 1669: 1642: 1615: 1590: 1563: 1536: 1511: 1484: 1457: 1432: 1405: 1378: 1346: 1307: 1287: 1267: 1240: 1220: 1191: 1154: 1130: 1083: 1046: 1022: 975: 943: 922: 870: 801: 777: 750: 730: 703: 683: 647: 545: 525: 487:can be cut to produce 481: 454: 427: 400: 373: 331: 289: 259: 232: 205: 179: 2093: 2038: 1996: 1964: 1937: 1910: 1885: 1766:Fowlkes–Mallows index 1756: 1670: 1668:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 1643: 1641:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 1616: 1591: 1589:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 1564: 1562:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 1537: 1512: 1510:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 1485: 1483:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 1458: 1433: 1431:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 1406: 1404:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 1379: 1356:Fowlkes–Mallows index 1347: 1308: 1288: 1268: 1266:{\displaystyle B_{k}} 1241: 1221: 1219:{\displaystyle B_{k}} 1192: 1134: 1110: 1084: 1026: 1002: 976: 923: 902: 871: 802: 785:Fowlkes–Mallows index 778: 776:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 751: 731: 729:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 704: 684: 648: 546: 526: 482: 480:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 455: 453:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 428: 426:{\displaystyle A_{2}} 401: 399:{\displaystyle A_{1}} 374: 332: 290: 260: 233: 206: 180: 61:Fowlkes–Mallows index 37:measure of similarity 21:Fowlkes–Mallows index 2082: 2062:precision and recall 2021: 1979: 1950: 1923: 1896: 1775: 1686: 1652: 1625: 1602: 1573: 1546: 1523: 1494: 1467: 1444: 1415: 1388: 1365: 1317: 1297: 1277: 1250: 1230: 1203: 1094: 986: 886: 814: 791: 760: 740: 713: 693: 660: 558: 535: 491: 464: 437: 410: 383: 363: 315: 273: 246: 219: 192: 70: 29:clustering algorithm 2342:Clustering criteria 2036:{\displaystyle PPV} 1994:{\displaystyle TPR} 964: 807:is then defined as 330:{\displaystyle PPV} 288:{\displaystyle TPR} 25:external evaluation 2320:2016-06-03 at the 2088: 2033: 2003:true positive rate 1991: 1962:{\displaystyle FN} 1959: 1935:{\displaystyle FP} 1932: 1908:{\displaystyle TP} 1905: 1880: 1751: 1665: 1638: 1614:{\displaystyle TN} 1611: 1586: 1559: 1535:{\displaystyle FN} 1532: 1507: 1480: 1456:{\displaystyle FP} 1453: 1428: 1401: 1377:{\displaystyle TP} 1374: 1342: 1303: 1283: 1263: 1236: 1216: 1187: 1079: 971: 944: 866: 797: 773: 746: 726: 699: 679: 643: 541: 521: 477: 450: 423: 396: 369: 327: 297:true positive rate 285: 258:{\displaystyle FN} 255: 231:{\displaystyle FP} 228: 204:{\displaystyle TP} 201: 175: 33:confusion matrices 2091:{\displaystyle 1} 1969:is the number of 1942:is the number of 1915:is the number of 1878: 1876: 1844: 1810: 1306:{\displaystyle k} 1286:{\displaystyle k} 1239:{\displaystyle k} 864: 863: 800:{\displaystyle k} 749:{\displaystyle j} 702:{\displaystyle i} 617: 544:{\displaystyle k} 372:{\displaystyle n} 265:is the number of 238:is the number of 211:is the number of 173: 171: 139: 105: 2354: 2302: 2301: 2299: 2279: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2230:(2/3): 107–145. 2219: 2213: 2212: 2192: 2173:Confusion matrix 2152: 2134: 2097: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2047:, also known as 2042: 2040: 2039: 2034: 2000: 1998: 1997: 1992: 1968: 1966: 1965: 1960: 1941: 1939: 1938: 1933: 1914: 1912: 1911: 1906: 1889: 1887: 1886: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1858: 1850: 1845: 1843: 1826: 1818: 1816: 1811: 1788: 1760: 1758: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1674: 1672: 1671: 1666: 1664: 1663: 1647: 1645: 1644: 1639: 1637: 1636: 1620: 1618: 1617: 1612: 1595: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1585: 1584: 1568: 1566: 1565: 1560: 1558: 1557: 1541: 1539: 1538: 1533: 1516: 1514: 1513: 1508: 1506: 1505: 1489: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1479: 1478: 1462: 1460: 1459: 1454: 1437: 1435: 1434: 1429: 1427: 1426: 1410: 1408: 1407: 1402: 1400: 1399: 1383: 1381: 1380: 1375: 1351: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1335: 1334: 1312: 1310: 1309: 1304: 1292: 1290: 1289: 1284: 1272: 1270: 1269: 1264: 1262: 1261: 1245: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1225: 1223: 1222: 1217: 1215: 1214: 1196: 1194: 1193: 1188: 1180: 1179: 1170: 1169: 1153: 1148: 1129: 1124: 1106: 1105: 1088: 1086: 1085: 1080: 1072: 1071: 1062: 1061: 1045: 1040: 1021: 1016: 998: 997: 980: 978: 977: 972: 963: 958: 942: 937: 921: 916: 898: 897: 875: 873: 872: 867: 865: 862: 861: 852: 851: 842: 841: 840: 831: 826: 825: 806: 804: 803: 798: 782: 780: 779: 774: 772: 771: 755: 753: 752: 747: 735: 733: 732: 727: 725: 724: 708: 706: 705: 700: 688: 686: 685: 680: 678: 677: 652: 650: 649: 644: 618: 615: 585: 584: 550: 548: 547: 542: 530: 528: 527: 522: 486: 484: 483: 478: 476: 475: 459: 457: 456: 451: 449: 448: 432: 430: 429: 424: 422: 421: 405: 403: 402: 397: 395: 394: 379:objects labeled 378: 376: 375: 370: 341:, also known as 336: 334: 333: 328: 294: 292: 291: 286: 264: 262: 261: 256: 237: 235: 234: 229: 210: 208: 207: 202: 184: 182: 181: 176: 174: 172: 170: 153: 145: 140: 138: 121: 113: 111: 106: 83: 2362: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2352: 2351: 2332: 2331: 2322:Wayback Machine 2311: 2306: 2305: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2248: 2247: 2243: 2221: 2220: 2216: 2209:10.2307/2288117 2194: 2193: 2186: 2181: 2159: 2117:(104426): 1–7. 2108: 2105: 2103:Further reading 2080: 2079: 2071: 2019: 2018: 1977: 1976: 1971:false negatives 1948: 1947: 1944:false positives 1921: 1920: 1894: 1893: 1859: 1851: 1827: 1819: 1773: 1772: 1684: 1683: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1628: 1623: 1622: 1600: 1599: 1576: 1571: 1570: 1549: 1544: 1543: 1521: 1520: 1497: 1492: 1491: 1470: 1465: 1464: 1442: 1441: 1418: 1413: 1412: 1391: 1386: 1385: 1363: 1362: 1326: 1315: 1314: 1295: 1294: 1275: 1274: 1253: 1248: 1247: 1228: 1227: 1206: 1201: 1200: 1171: 1155: 1097: 1092: 1091: 1063: 1047: 989: 984: 983: 889: 884: 883: 853: 843: 832: 817: 812: 811: 789: 788: 763: 758: 757: 738: 737: 716: 711: 710: 691: 690: 663: 658: 657: 616: and  570: 556: 555: 533: 532: 489: 488: 467: 462: 461: 440: 435: 434: 413: 408: 407: 386: 381: 380: 361: 360: 357: 313: 312: 271: 270: 267:false negatives 244: 243: 240:false positives 217: 216: 190: 189: 154: 146: 122: 114: 68: 67: 57: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2360: 2358: 2350: 2349: 2344: 2334: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2310: 2309:External links 2307: 2304: 2303: 2274: 2261:(5): 873–895. 2241: 2214: 2183: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2176: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2104: 2101: 2087: 2070: 2067: 2066: 2065: 2058:geometric mean 2054: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2005:, also called 1990: 1987: 1984: 1974: 1958: 1955: 1931: 1928: 1917:true positives 1904: 1901: 1890: 1874: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1857: 1854: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1825: 1822: 1814: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1762: 1761: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1694: 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393: 389: 368: 356: 353: 326: 323: 320: 299:, also called 284: 281: 278: 254: 251: 227: 224: 213:true positives 200: 197: 186: 185: 169: 166: 163: 160: 157: 152: 149: 143: 137: 134: 131: 128: 125: 120: 117: 109: 104: 101: 98: 95: 92: 89: 86: 81: 78: 75: 56: 53: 49:Collin Mallows 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2359: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2308: 2298: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2278: 2275: 2269: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2245: 2242: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2218: 2215: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2178: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2100: 2085: 2077: 2068: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2052: 2051: 2046: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2016: 2015: 2010: 2009: 2004: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1975: 1972: 1956: 1953: 1945: 1929: 1926: 1918: 1902: 1899: 1891: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1860: 1855: 1852: 1846: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1823: 1820: 1812: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1771: 1770: 1769: 1767: 1764:and that the 1748: 1744: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1682: 1681: 1680: 1660: 1656: 1633: 1629: 1608: 1605: 1598: 1581: 1577: 1554: 1550: 1529: 1526: 1519: 1502: 1498: 1475: 1471: 1450: 1447: 1440: 1423: 1419: 1396: 1392: 1371: 1368: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1339: 1336: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1320: 1300: 1280: 1258: 1254: 1233: 1211: 1207: 1184: 1181: 1176: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1150: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1135: 1126: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1102: 1098: 1090: 1076: 1073: 1068: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1042: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1027: 1018: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1003: 999: 994: 990: 982: 968: 965: 960: 955: 952: 949: 945: 939: 934: 931: 928: 924: 918: 913: 910: 907: 903: 899: 894: 890: 882: 881: 880: 858: 854: 848: 844: 837: 833: 827: 822: 818: 810: 809: 808: 794: 786: 768: 764: 743: 721: 717: 696: 674: 671: 668: 664: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 622: 619: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 581: 578: 575: 571: 564: 561: 554: 553: 552: 538: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 500: 497: 494: 472: 468: 445: 441: 418: 414: 391: 387: 366: 354: 352: 348: 346: 345: 340: 324: 321: 318: 310: 309: 304: 303: 298: 282: 279: 276: 268: 252: 249: 241: 225: 222: 214: 198: 195: 167: 164: 161: 158: 155: 150: 147: 141: 135: 132: 129: 126: 123: 118: 115: 107: 102: 99: 96: 93: 90: 87: 84: 79: 76: 73: 66: 65: 64: 62: 55:Preliminaries 54: 52: 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 2287: 2277: 2258: 2254: 2244: 2227: 2223: 2217: 2203:(383): 553. 2200: 2196: 2132:10281/430040 2114: 2110: 2072: 2048: 2044: 2012: 2006: 2002: 1765: 1763: 1678: 1355: 1354: 1199: 878: 784: 655: 433:. The trees 358: 349: 342: 338: 306: 300: 296: 187: 60: 58: 20: 18: 2008:sensitivity 1569:but not in 1490:but not in 1293:. For each 302:sensitivity 2336:Categories 2179:References 2076:Rand index 2069:Discussion 355:Definition 2347:Bell Labs 2149:259240662 2050:precision 1847:⋅ 1799:⋅ 1735:− 1337:≤ 1324:≤ 1182:− 1136:∑ 1112:∑ 1074:− 1028:∑ 1004:∑ 966:− 925:∑ 904:∑ 632:… 606:… 516:− 507:… 344:precision 142:⋅ 94:⋅ 51:in 1983. 45:Bell Labs 2318:Archived 2163:F1 score 2157:See also 2141:37352899 1313:we have 2043:is the 2001:is the 1892:where 1273:versus 337:is the 295:is the 188:where 35:. This 2147:  2139:  2017:, and 2014:recall 1946:, and 879:where 783:. The 656:where 311:, and 308:recall 242:, and 23:is an 2145:S2CID 2137:PMID 1648:and 1411:and 736:and 460:and 406:and 59:The 19:The 2324:in 2292:doi 2263:doi 2232:doi 2205:doi 2127:hdl 2119:doi 2115:144 2060:of 2011:or 305:or 2338:: 2290:. 2286:. 2259:98 2257:. 2253:. 2228:17 2226:. 2201:78 2199:. 2187:^ 2143:. 2135:. 2125:. 2113:. 1919:, 1352:. 347:. 269:. 215:, 2328:. 2326:R 2300:. 2294:: 2271:. 2265:: 2238:. 2234:: 2211:. 2207:: 2151:. 2129:: 2121:: 2086:1 2064:. 2053:. 2031:V 2028:P 2025:P 1989:R 1986:P 1983:T 1973:. 1957:N 1954:F 1930:P 1927:F 1903:P 1900:T 1873:N 1870:F 1867:+ 1864:P 1861:T 1856:P 1853:T 1841:P 1838:F 1835:+ 1832:P 1829:T 1824:P 1821:T 1813:= 1808:R 1805:P 1802:T 1796:V 1793:P 1790:P 1785:= 1782:M 1779:F 1749:2 1745:/ 1741:) 1738:1 1732:n 1729:( 1726:n 1723:= 1720:N 1717:T 1714:+ 1711:N 1708:F 1705:+ 1702:P 1699:F 1696:+ 1693:P 1690:T 1675:. 1661:2 1657:A 1634:1 1630:A 1609:N 1606:T 1596:. 1582:1 1578:A 1555:2 1551:A 1530:N 1527:F 1517:. 1503:2 1499:A 1476:1 1472:A 1451:P 1448:F 1438:. 1424:2 1420:A 1397:1 1393:A 1372:P 1369:T 1340:1 1332:k 1328:B 1321:0 1301:k 1281:k 1259:k 1255:B 1234:k 1212:k 1208:B 1185:n 1177:2 1173:) 1167:j 1164:, 1161:i 1157:m 1151:k 1146:1 1143:= 1140:i 1132:( 1127:k 1122:1 1119:= 1116:j 1108:= 1103:k 1099:Q 1077:n 1069:2 1065:) 1059:j 1056:, 1053:i 1049:m 1043:k 1038:1 1035:= 1032:j 1024:( 1019:k 1014:1 1011:= 1008:i 1000:= 995:k 991:P 969:n 961:2 956:j 953:, 950:i 946:m 940:k 935:1 932:= 929:j 919:k 914:1 911:= 908:i 900:= 895:k 891:T 859:k 855:Q 849:k 845:P 838:k 834:T 828:= 823:k 819:B 795:k 769:2 765:A 744:j 722:1 718:A 697:i 675:j 672:, 669:i 665:m 641:) 638:k 635:, 629:, 626:1 623:= 620:j 612:k 609:, 603:, 600:1 597:= 594:i 591:( 587:] 582:j 579:, 576:i 572:m 568:[ 565:= 562:M 539:k 519:1 513:n 510:, 504:, 501:2 498:= 495:k 473:2 469:A 446:1 442:A 419:2 415:A 392:1 388:A 367:n 325:V 322:P 319:P 283:R 280:P 277:T 253:N 250:F 226:P 223:F 199:P 196:T 168:N 165:F 162:+ 159:P 156:T 151:P 148:T 136:P 133:F 130:+ 127:P 124:T 119:P 116:T 108:= 103:R 100:P 97:T 91:V 88:P 85:P 80:= 77:M 74:F

Index

external evaluation
clustering algorithm
confusion matrices
measure of similarity
hierarchical clusterings
Bell Labs
Collin Mallows
true positives
false positives
false negatives
sensitivity
recall
precision
true positives
false positives
false negatives
sensitivity
recall
precision
geometric mean
precision and recall
Rand index
doi
10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104426
hdl
10281/430040
PMID
37352899
S2CID
259240662

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