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to defend it against an expected
British attack. Lévis was initially slated to lead an expedition to the western forts, leading about 500 French metropolitan troops and a large seasoned French-Canadian militia. Vaudreuil, however, had second thoughts, and dispatched Lévis and his metropolitan troops
462:
to take over French forces in North
America, with Lévis as second in command. Vaudreuil wrote back that there was no need to send another general, as Vaudreuil disliked the tactics of most "municipal" French generals. When Montcalm arrived despite Vaudreuil's protest, the two men developed a dislike
525:, Lévis was appointed commander of French forces in North America. Wintering at Montreal, Lévis managed to rally his troops and train them for a spring offensive to recapture Quebec in 1760. Marching downstream with the first breaking of the ice, Lévis met the forces of
537:. The lack of artillery and siege equipment precluded any assault on the fortifications of Quebec and Lévis held back, awaiting reinforcements from Europe. With the arrival of a British squadron which then
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533:, where Lévis' army won a victory in one of the bloodiest battles ever fought on Canadian soil. This forced Murray to retreat behind Quebec's walls
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His various letters for this period were later collected and published by
Beauchemin in 1889; letters to him for this period were published by the
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591:. He served in the German campaigns of 1762, and retired from active military service when the war ended in 1763 with the
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on the Saint
Lawrence, Lévis was obliged to retreat to Montreal, where Vaudreuil eventually surrendered New France to
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in 1765. He was promoted to
Marshal of France in 1783, and was raised to the inheritable title Duc de Lévis in 1784.
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gallica.bnf.fr: "Lettres de divers particuliers au chevalier de Lévis / publ. sous la dir. de l'abbé H.-R. Casgrain"
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to support
Montcalm at Carillon. Lévis arrived at Carillon on the evening of July 7, as a British army led by
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the disputes between
Vaudreuil and Montcalm continued. Vaudreuil prevailed, and Montcalm was sent to
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gallica.bnf.fr: "Les français au Canada : Montcalm et Lévis / par l'abbé H.-R. Casgrain"
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gallica.bnf.fr: "Lettres du chevalier de Lévis concernant la guerre du Canada (1756–1760)"
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Knight of the Royal, Military, and
Hospitaller Orders of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem
821:. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
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Lévis returned to France on parole, and was released for service in Europe by
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521:, and so was not present when Quebec fell. Following Montcalm's death in the
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in 1760, he served in Europe. After the war, he was appointed
Governor of
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The Duke of Lévis represented with the baton of the
Marshals of France.
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General Lévis encouraging his French army at the battle of Sainte-Foy
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614:. In 1794 his widow and two of his three daughters were sent to the
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1759 From the Warpath to the Plains of Abraham (Virtual exhibition)
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Redcoats: The British Soldier and War in the Americas, 1755-1763
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Lettre du Maréchal de Lévis à A M. le Maréchal de Belle-Isle
513:, Lévis participated in the early defenses, including the
606:, France, and was succeeded as duke of Lévis by his son
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officer and nobleman. He served with distinction in the
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Knight of the Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis
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During French planning for the 1758 campaign in the
466:Lévis led the vanguard of the French expedition to
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580:François Gaston de Lévis sculpture in front of
566:Les français au Canada : Montcalm et Lévis
442:, and in 1783 he was made a Marshal of France.
783:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
649:(NY: Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. 259
517:. He was then sent to organize the defense of
490:was arriving before the fort. In the ensuing
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404:François-Gaston de Lévis, 1st Duke of Lévis
868:French people of the French and Indian War
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826:(Fonds François Gaston de Lévis, R6935)
807:Lévis, François-Gaston de, duc de Lévis
802:Lévis, François-Gaston de, duc de Lévis
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384:Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit
164:Augustine Gabrielle Françoise de Lévis
18:François Gaston de Lévis, Duc de Lévis
824:Archives of François Gaston de Lévis
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819:François-Gaston, duc de Lévis Papers
610:, who escaped to England during the
70:22 September 1764 – 20 November 1787
775:"Lévis, François de, Duc de Lévis"
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777:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
553:that summer, in early September.
780:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
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474:to it until Montcalm's arrival.
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595:. He was appointed governor of
523:Battle of the Plains of Abraham
446:North American military service
618:during the French Revolution.
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582:Parliament Building (Quebec)
416:War of the Polish Succession
339:Battle of Fort William Henry
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812:14 January 2010 at the
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773:Eccles, W.J. (1979).
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354:Battle of Sainte-Foy
297:Commander-in-chief,
79:Position established
704:, Osprey Publishing
698:, Osprey Publishing
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