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235:, and Frances began teaching. They also designed the interiors of their own home at 54 Oxford Street. In the early 1900s, they also exhibited in Liverpool, London, Paris, Venice, Vienna and Dresden. The closure of the School in 1905, and the loss of the MacNair family wealth through a business failure, led to a slow decline in their careers, and they returned to Glasgow in 1909. In the years that followed, Frances painted a series of symbolist watercolours addressing the choices facing women, such as marriage and motherhood. Frances and Herbert had a son, Sylvan, born in June 1900 and who later emigrated to Rhodesia.
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184:. In 1899, Frances married the artist James Herbert MacNair, while Margaret married fellow artist Charles Rennie Mackintosh the following year. The four artists remained close, and their work often overlapped and influenced each other. After they met, they exhibited together in a 'School of Art Club' exhibition and due to their similar stylistic approach came to be referred to as "The Four".
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304:. Subjects in her work are depicted naked or almost naked, with elements such as greenish skin or angular elongated form. During her life, critics frequently dismissed her work as too decorative. However, feminist readings of her works support her usage of style.
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Frances' achievements are less well known than those of her sister, due in part to her departure from
Glasgow, but also because her husband destroyed many of her works after her death. Both sisters works were also frequently overshadowed by the achievements of
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In 1899, she married MacNair and joined him in
Liverpool where he was teaching at the School of Architecture and Applied Art. The couple painted watercolours and designed interiors, exhibiting a Writing Room at the
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imagery. In context with secular stylistic choices, the works are believed to be commentaries and representations of the
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In the mid-1890s, the sisters left the School to set up an independent studio together. They collaborated on
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Scholars note MacDonald's depictions of women as divorced from common archetypes of the time, such as the
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Frances MacDonald frequently worked with her sister, developing a distinctive style influenced by
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Works by
Frances Macdonald in the Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery collections
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507:"A Lady's Writing Room, Turin, 1902 - Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool museums"
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Information on The Group of Four from the
Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery
203:. Frances also produced a wide variety of other artistic work, including
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and this reflected in her use of elongated figures and linear elements.
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Doves And Dreams: The Art of
Frances Macdonald and James Herbert Mcnair
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521:"Liverpool, 1900 - 1909 - Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool museums"
465:"Glasgow School of Art - Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool museums"
560:"Glasgow and after - Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool museums"
493:"54 Oxford Street - Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool museums"
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in 1890. Both sisters enrolled in painting classes at the
479:"Glasgow, 1890s - Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool museums"
164:, another renowned artist and designer. She was born in
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artist whose design work was a prominent feature of the
605:"Frances Macdonald: The Self as Fin-de-Siècle Woman"
307:Like her sister, she was influenced by the work of
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664:Biography at the Charles Rennie Mackintosh Society
402:Truth Lies at the Bottom of the Well, 1912–1915.
144:(24 August 1873 – 12 December 1921) was a
684:"Doves and dreams" exhibition, Liverpool 2007
257:Much of her work that remains is held by the
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160:Frances MacDonald MacNair was the sister of
449:"MacNair, Frances Macdonald (1874-1921)",
176:in 1891, where they met the young artists
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150:Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)
30:For the English artist (1914–2002), see
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211:paintings. The sisters exhibited in
719:Alumni of the Glasgow School of Art
714:20th-century Scottish women artists
417:. Lund Humphries Publishers, 2006.
254:. Frances died in Glasgow in 1921.
168:, England and the family moved to
32:Frances Macdonald (English artist)
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578:Charles Rennie Mackintosh Society
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259:Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery
574:"Frances Macdonald (1873-1921)"
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709:20th-century Scottish painters
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361:Woman Standing Behind the Sun
162:Margaret MacDonald Mackintosh
389:The Sleeping Princess, 1910.
759:20th-century women painters
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729:Artists from Staffordshire
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252:Charles Rennie Mackintosh
178:Charles Rennie Mackintosh
142:Frances MacDonald MacNair
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754:Members of The Immortals
603:Helland, Janice (1993).
539:www.artandphilosophy.com
451:Archives and Collections
111:Arts and Crafts movement
749:Scottish women painters
453:, Glasgow School of Art
413:Robertson, Pamela, ed.
207:, metalwork panels and
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174:Glasgow School of Art
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609:Woman's Art Journal
584:on 21 February 2006
739:People from Tipton
535:"Doves And Dreams"
263:Walker Art Gallery
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197:book illustrations
152:during the 1890s.
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347:The Choice, 1909.
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85:(1921-12-12)
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704:1921 deaths
699:1873 births
209:watercolour
99:Nationality
693:Categories
588:12 October
544:26 January
429:References
205:embroidery
93:, Scotland
64:1873-08-24
629:0270-7993
295:New Woman
283:symbolism
279:mysticism
267:Liverpool
217:Liverpool
201:metalwork
166:Kidsgrove
156:Biography
74:, England
72:Kidsgrove
189:graphics
146:Scottish
107:Movement
102:Scottish
637:1358425
319:Gallery
245:, 1909.
170:Glasgow
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91:Glasgow
657:Art UK
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375:Spring
291:Celtic
289:, and
221:Venice
213:London
117:Spouse
659:site
633:JSTOR
273:Style
233:Turin
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625:ISSN
590:2017
546:2018
419:ISBN
311:and
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80:Died
58:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
