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246:, Italy. There, he represented the Catholics of the Shanxi province at the General Italian Exhibition of 1898. At such exhibitions, missionaries, many of whom belonged to the Order of Friars Minor, would showcase the cultures of the peoples of their missions. It was expected that missionaries bring sacred art specific to their missions as proof of evangelization. He remained in Europe until 12 March 1899, during which time he solicited new missionaries for the Shanxi province, aided cartographers in the creation of regional Chinese maps, and sold a collection of Chinese floral fossils to Turinese geologists. On 28 June 1898, while in Paris, Fogolla was appointed
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enlivened by a ferocious hatred of
Christians and Europeans, by brutal cruelty." Severe persecution of Christians in the Shanxi province began in May 1900 with baseless accusations of bringing rats to the towns and cities, violence against children, desecration of corpses, sale of Chinese children into slavery in Europe. Fogolla, among others, defended the Christians against such accusations in court. However, such defense was to little avail as Yuxian continued to instate harsher legislation.
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Fogolla to pieces by the sword. His heart was removed from his body and delivered to
Chinese Buddhist monks so that they might study its alleged occult powers. By custom, Fogolla's head was severed from his corpse so that it could be put on display in a small cage at the city entrance. What remained of his corpse, along with the corpses of all the others killed that day, were tossed over the city wall and left unburied so that dogs would eat the remains.
235:. He successfully defended full educational rights for Christians, allowing them to qualify for all positions in public office. On 6 June 1880, the first Chinese regional synods convened, for which Fogolla was the chief preacher. On 8 September 1884, he attended the consecration of the Church of the Sacred Heart, a church which would later become the cathedral for the Diocese of Lu'an/Changzhi. On 28 September 1885, he was appointed
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On 9 July 1900, Fogolla, along with the rest, was escorted from prison with his hands bound behind his back to an audience with Yuxian. After a second false trial, their death sentences were confirmed. Fogolla was stripped naked and taken out in front of a crowd of onlookers where Yuxian himself cut
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On 2 July 1900, more than 200 orphans were kidnapped from the orphanage at
Taiyuan seminary and imprisoned. Three days later, during the night of 5 July 1900, an army of Boxers arrived at the Taiyuan Mission and took away Bishops Francesco Fogolla and Gregorio Grassi, as well as all of the friars,
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missions in
December, where he cared for a community of about 700 Catholics. He was known to preach in public, a practice which led to his imprisonment for two days in 1870 as it was believed he caused street riots. Over the seven years following this arrest, he was assigned to various missions in
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of Shanxi province, implemented harsh legislation aimed at the detriment of foreigners, Catholics, Protestants, and the
Orthodox. A contemporary of Fogolla's, Fr. Manini, wrote that Yuxian was, "a man of austere customs... a fanatic worshipper of idols, in honor of whom he fasted for long times,
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of Shanxi, China. He was also given the right of succession after Bishop
Gregory Mary Grassi, the then current Bishop of Shanxi and friend of his who had held the position since 17 June 1891. Fogolla left Europe out of
231:. In the same year, Catholic priests were assigned legal defense responsibilities for those over whom they had pastoral responsibilities. Fogolla quickly became a skilled defender of the rights of
212:, where he developed exception skill with the Chinese language. In 1877, the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples divided the Shanxi vicariate into two parts. Fogolla was appointed
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and professor at the major seminary for the Shanxi province, located in
Taiyuan. With this position, he oversaw the education of 20 students as well as the construction of an orphanage.
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In 1879, with financial support from both the
Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples and the laity from within his Vicariate, he began constructing a church dedicated to the
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approved him for service. Fogolla arrived in China on 30 May 1867. After travelling the region, he arrived at his first permanent assignment was at the
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Carved and painted wooden statue of St. Francesco
Fogollo on display in a church in the Italian Catholic Diocese of Massa Carrara-Pontremoli.
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seminarians, and servants. After a fixed trial, the entire group was convicted of having deceived the judicial system with penalty of death.
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220:. This position placed 13,150 Catholics under his supervision, including 17 European missionaries and 15 indigenous Chinese priests.
430:
Garcia Jordan, Pilar (22 September 2014). "UNA REPRESENTACIĂ“N VISUAL DE LOS CHIRIGUANO EN LA EXPOSICIĂ“N MISIONAL DE TURĂŤN, 1898".
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on 12 March 1899 with the added company of eight new nuns and nine new missionaries. He returned to
Taiyuan on 4 May 1899.
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On 2 November 1897, Fogolla left China for the first time in over thirty years as he embarked for
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187:. On 14 September 1857, he fell ill and was sent away to live with his parents, who now lived in
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was opened on 25 February 1949, and they were declared saints on 1 October 2000 by
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191:. Upon recovery, he resumed novitiate and ordained a priest on 19 September 1862.
183:. On 1 November 1856, Fogolla was admitted into the Order of Friars Minor at the
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Index ac status causarum beatificationis servorum dei et canonizationis beatorum
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In 1866, Fogolla requested to become a missionary. On 13 December 1866, the
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Marble statue of St. Francesco Fogollo at the Bridge of the Four Saints in
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of the Apostolic Vicariate of Southern Shanxi, which has since become the
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to parents Gioacchino and Elisabetta Ferrari on 4 October 1839 in the
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Gli avvenimenti in Cina Nel 1900 e l'azione della R. Marina Italiana
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Gli avvenimentiin Cina nel 1900 e l'azione della R. Marina italiana
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Gli avvenimentiin Cina nel 1900 e l'azione della R. Marina italiana
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Gli avvenimentiin Cina nel 1900 e l'azione della R. Marina italiana
560:(in Latin). Typis polyglottis vaticanis. January 1953. p. 87.
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Fogolla, along with his companions Grassi and Fantosati, was
367:"Bishop St. Francesco Antonio Domenico Fogolla, O.F.M."
127:, was an Italian missionary prelate belonging to the
123:(4 October 1839 – 9 July 1900), known in Chinese as
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419:(in Italian). Milan: Urico Hoepli. p. 192.
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539:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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304:on 24 November 1946. The cause for their
131:. On 28 June 1898, Fogolla was appointed
450:"Bishop St. Grégoire Grassi, O.F.M. Obs"
271:In accordance with the Boxer Rebellion,
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467:Manini qtd. in Valli, Mario (1905).
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608:19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
588:Italian Roman Catholic missionaries
155:. He is considered a martyr by the
147:, China. Fogolla was killed at the
94:1 October 2000 by Pope John Paul II
173:Francesco Antonio Domenico Fogolla
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84:27 November 1946 by Pope Pius XII
16:Italian bishop and Catholic saint
603:19th-century executions by China
218:Roman Catholic Diocese of Lu'an
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185:Abbey of St Maria del Monte
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598:Italian emigrants to China
500:. Milan. pp. 258–259.
151:of 9 July 1900 during the
214:Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic
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394:Giuseppe, Brancaccio.
347:Martyr Saints of China
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159:and is venerated as a
529:. Milan. p. 260.
525:Valli, Mario (1905).
496:Valli, Mario (1905).
471:. Milan. p. 236.
413:Valli, Mario (1905).
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129:Order of Friars Minor
74:Roman Catholic Church
64:9 July 1900 (aged 60)
396:"FOGOLLA, Francesco"
613:People from Mulazzo
277:provincial governor
454:Catholic Hierarchy
370:Catholic Hierarchy
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233:Chinese Christians
208:Shanxi, including
310:Pope John Paul II
121:Francesco Fogolla
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583:1900 deaths
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114:Booksellers
572:Categories
438:: 736–739.
353:References
334:Pontremoli
292:Veneration
167:Early life
125:Fu Zhujiao
535:cite book
506:cite book
477:cite book
298:beatified
261:Marseille
110:Patronage
90:Canonized
80:Beatified
400:Treccani
341:See also
336:, Italy.
229:Changzhi
179:town of
210:Pingyao
195:Mission
181:Mulazzo
316:In Art
275:, the
273:Yuxian
252:Bageis
237:rector
205:Datong
177:Tuscan
145:Shanxi
137:Bageis
104:9 July
31:O.F.M.
267:Death
244:Turin
189:Parma
161:saint
100:Feast
23:Saint
541:link
512:link
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254:and
139:and
61:Died
51:Born
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