152:
865:
departures so that grazing lands and water holes along the trail could recover. At intervals along the trail, Vázquez de
Coronado established camps and stationed garrisons of soldiers to keep the supply route open. For example, in September 1540, Melchior Díaz, along with "seventy or eighty of the weakest and least reliable men" in Vázquez de Coronado's army, remained at the town of San Jerónimo, in the valley of Corazones, or "Hearts". Once the scouting and planning was done, Vázquez de Coronado led the first group of soldiers up the trail. They were horsemen and foot soldiers who were able to travel quickly, while the main bulk of the expedition would set out later.
1273:
1043:. There, indigenous informants, probably the Cocomaricopa (see Seymour 2007b), told him that Alarcón's sailors had buried supplies and left a note in a bottle. The supplies were retrieved, and the note stated that Alarcón's men had rowed up the river as far as they could, searching in vain for the Vázquez de Coronado expedition. They had given up and decided to return to their departure point because worms were eating holes in their boats. Díaz named the river the "Firebrand (Tizón) River" because the indigenous people of the area used firebrands to keep their bodies warm in the winter. Díaz died on the trip back to the camp in the valley of the Corazones.
1422:
1183:. The Querechos were not awed or impressed by the Spanish, their weapons, and their "big dogs" (horses). "They did nothing unusual when they saw our army, except to come out of their tents to look at us, after which they came to talk to the advance guard, and asked who we were." As Vázquez de Coronado described them, the Querechos were nomads, following the buffalo herds on the plains. The Querechos were numerous. Chroniclers mentioned one settlement of two hundred tipis—which implies a population of more than one thousand people living together for at least part of the year. Authorities agree that the Querechos (Becquerel's) were
1269:
and women
Quivirans were nearly naked. Vázquez de Coronado was impressed with the size of the Quivirans and all the other Indians he met. They were "large people of very good build". Vázquez de Coronado spent twenty-five days among the Quivirans trying to learn of richer kingdoms just over the horizon. He found nothing but straw-thatched villages of up to two hundred houses and fields containing corn, beans, and squash. A copper pendant was the only evidence of wealth he discovered. The Quivirans were almost certainly the ancestors of the Wichita people.
958:
925:. This fits the chronicle of Laus Deo description, which reports that "at Chichilticalli the country changes its character again and the spiky vegetation ceases. The reason is that ... the mountain chain changes its direction at the same time that the coast does. Here they had to cross and pass the mountains in order to get into the level country." There Vázquez de Coronado met a crushing disappointment: Cíbola was nothing like the great golden city that de Niza had described. Instead, it was just a village of nondescript
770:, to investigate Friar de Niza's findings, and on November 17, 1539, Díaz departed for Cíbola with fifteen horsemen. At the ruins of Chichilticalli, he turned around because of "snows and fierce winds from across the wilderness". Díaz had encountered Vázquez de Coronado before he had departed San Miguel de Culiacán, and reported that initial investigations into Friar de Niza's report disproved the existence of the bountiful land he had described. Díaz's report was delivered to Viceroy Mendoza on March 20, 1540.
990:(of which the preferred Zuni word is Hawikku). The residents refused, denying the expedition entrance to the community. Vázquez de Coronado and his expeditionaries attacked the Zunis. The ensuing skirmish constituted the extent of what can be called the Spanish Conquest of Cíbola. He never personally led his men-at-arms in any subsequent battles. During the battle, Vázquez de Coronado was injured. During the weeks that the expedition stayed at Zuni, he sent out several scouting expeditions.
1074:, where they could see the Colorado River thousands of feet below, becoming the first non-Native Americans to do so. After trying and failing to climb down into the canyon to reach the river, the expedition reported that they would not be able to use the Colorado River to link up with Hernando de Alarcón's fleet. After this, the main body of the expedition began its journey to the next populated center of pueblos, along another large river to the east, the
170:
1047:
270:
779:
815:
1339:. It is a larger river than either Cow Creek or the Little Arkansas and is located at roughly the 25 league distance from Lyons that Vázquez de Coronado said he traveled in Quivira. The people of Harahey seem Caddoan, because "it was the same sort of a place, with settlements like these, and of about the same size" as Quivira. They were probably the ancestors of the Pawnee.
1218:
suffered one of the violent climatic events so common on the plains. "A tempest came up one afternoon with a very high wind and hail ... The hail broke many tents and tattered many helmets, and wounded many of the horses, and broke all the crockery of the army, and the gourds which was no small loss."
1268:
Vázquez de
Coronado reached Quivira itself after a few more days of traveling. He found Quivira "well settled ... along good river bottoms, although without much water, and good streams which flow into another". Vázquez de Coronado believed that there were twenty-five settlements in Quivira. Both men
1287:
Vázquez de
Coronado was escorted to the further edge of Quivira, called Tabas, where the neighboring land of Harahey began. He summoned the "Lord of Harahey" who, with two hundred followers, came to meet with the Spanish. He was disappointed. The Harahey Indians were "all naked – with bows, and some
1202:
The Teyas, like the
Querechos, were numerous and buffalo hunters, although they had additional resources. The canyons they inhabited had trees and flowing streams and they grew or foraged for beans, but not corn. The Spanish, however, did note the presence of mulberries, roses, grapes, walnuts, and
1352:
until 1544, the expedition forced him into bankruptcy and resulted in charges of war crimes being brought against him and his field master, Cárdenas. Vázquez de
Coronado was cleared by his friends on the Audiencia, but Cárdenas was convicted in Spain of basically the same charges by the Council of
1034:
and then the
Colorado River. In this exploration, he hauled some supplies for Vázquez de Coronado, but eventually, he buried them with a note in a bottle. Melchior Díaz was sent down from Cíbola by Vázquez de Coronado to take charge of the camp of Corazones and to establish contact with the fleet.
940:
Despite what is shown in the accompanying map, on-the-ground research by Nugent
Brasher beginning in 2005 revealed evidence that Vázquez de Coronado traveled north between Chichilticalli and Zuni primarily on the future New Mexico side of the state line, not the Arizona side as has been thought by
1347:
Vázquez de
Coronado returned to the Tiguex Province in New Mexico from Quivira and was badly injured in a fall from his horse "after the winter was over", according to the chronicler Castañeda—probably in March 1542. During a long convalescence, he and his expeditionaries decided to return to New
1217:
speakers and related to the
Wichita. The place where Vázquez de Coronado found the Teyas has also been debated. The mystery may have been cleared up—to the satisfaction of some—by the discovery of a likely Vázquez de Coronado campsite. While Vázquez de Coronado was in the canyon country, his army
1406:
and regarding all things, have been proven to be false, part of the power struggles among settlers and attempts to exploit the budding new system that tried to find a way to administer justice in land the king could not see nor the army reach. Francisco, Beatriz and their children actually ended
1001:
communities they recorded as Tusayan. Upon arrival, the Spanish were also denied entrance to the village that they came across and, once again, resorted to using force to enter. Materially, Hopi territory was just as poor as that of the Zuni in precious metals, but the Spaniards did learn that a
1253:
lay to the north. By this time, Vázquez de Coronado seems to have lost his confidence that fortune awaited him. He sent most of his expedition back to New Mexico and continued with only forty Spanish soldiers and priests and an unknown number of Indian soldiers, servants, and guides. Vázquez de
864:
had also taken notice of the forage and food situation along the trail, and reported that the land along the route would not be able to support a large concentrated body of soldiers and animals. Vázquez de Coronado, therefore, decided to divide his expedition into small groups and time their
1241:. Archaeologists subsequently searched the site and found pottery sherds, more than forty crossbow points, and dozens of horseshoe nails of Spanish manufacture, plus a Mexican-style stone blade. This find strengthens the evidence that Vázquez de Coronado found the Teyas in Blanco Canyon.
1069:
While at Hawikuh, Vázquez de Coronado sent another scouting expedition overland to find the Colorado River, led by Don García López de Cárdenas. The expedition returned to Hopi territory to acquire scouts and supplies. Members of Cárdenas's party eventually reached the South Rim of the
1164:. The Spanish were awed by the Llano. "The country they traveled over was so smooth that if one looked at them the sky could be seen between their legs." Men and horses became lost in the featureless plain and Vázquez de Coronado felt like he had been swallowed up by the sea.
1265:. The Spaniards and their Indian allies followed the Arkansas northeast for three days and found Quivirans hunting buffalo. The Indians greeted the Spanish with wonderment and fear but calmed down when one of Vázquez de Coronado's guides addressed them in their own language.
1538:
in 1521. Such an event never happened because Vázquez de Coronado would have been 11 or 12 years old in 1521 and still living in Spain. In addition, when Indy captures the cross from robbers aboard a ship off the coast of Portugal, the ship can be seen to be named
908:
of modern maps, most likely the northward-flowing San Pedro River. The party followed this river valley until they reached the edge of the wilderness, where, as Friar Marcos had described it to them, they found Chichilticalli. Chichilticalli is in southern
1384:. The Estrada-Coronado union was a carefully calculated political union that Francisco and Marina orchestrated. Through this marriage, Francisco became a wealthy man. Beatriz brought to the marriage the encomienda of Tlapa, the third largest
1288:
sort of things on their heads, and their privy parts slightly covered". They were not the wealthy people Vázquez de Coronado sought. Disappointed, he returned to New Mexico. Before leaving Quivira, Vázquez de Coronado ordered the Turk
1402:, and that she and her daughters lived in misery too, a shame for the widow of a conqueror that had provided such valuable service to his majesty. This, as most reports from the early days of New Spain, both positive and
2080:
Dorantes de Carranza, Baltasar, and Ernesto de la Torre Villar. 1987. Sumaria relación de las cosas de la Nueva España: con noticia individual de los conquistadores y primeros pobladores españoles. México: Editorial
1190:
Vázquez de Coronado left the Querechos behind and continued southeast in the direction in which the Turk told him that Quivira was located. He and his army descended off the tabletop of the Llano Estacado into the
1030:. Alarcón's fleet was tasked to carry supplies and to establish contact with the main body of Vázquez de Coronado's expedition but was unable to do so because of the extreme distance to Cibola. He traveled up the
742:
residents were assumed to have murdered Estevan. Though he did not claim to have entered the city of Cíbola, he mentioned that it stood on a high hill and that it appeared wealthy and as large as Mexico City.
746:
Vázquez de Coronado assembled an expedition with two components. One component carried the bulk of the expedition's supplies, traveling via the Guadalupe River and Gulf of California under the leadership of
1391:
Beatriz and Francisco have been reported, through different sources, to have had at least four sons (Gerónimo, Salvador, Juan, and Alonso) and five daughters (Isabel, María, Luisa, Mariana, and Mayor).
151:
603:
1171:—the American buffalo. "I found such a quantity of cows ... that it is impossible to number them, for while I was journeying through these plains ... there was not a day that I lost sight of them."
1560:, the main characters, Estéban de Sandoval and Blas de Mendoza, seek Coronado's expedition and temporarily join it. It is there that they meet the third main character, Zia Troyano, a teenage
1348:
Spain (Mexico). Vázquez de Coronado and his expedition departed New Mexico in early April 1542, leaving behind two friars. His expedition had been a failure. Although he remained governor of
1328:. Tabas was likely on the Smoky Hill River. Archaeologists have found numerous 16th-century sites in these areas that probably include some of the settlements visited by Vázquez de Coronado.
1206:
An intriguing event was Vázquez de Coronado's meeting among the Teyas an old blind bearded man who said that he had met many days before "four others like us". He was probably talking about
2374:
1908:
The Journey of Coronado, 1540–1542, from the City of Mexico to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado and the Buffalo Plains of Texas, Kansas, and Nebraska, As Told by Himself and his Followers.
2604:
The journey of Coronado, 1540–1542, from the city of Mexico to the Grand Canon of the Colorado and the buffalo plains of Texas, Kansas and Nebraska, as told by himself and his followers
829:
Vázquez de Coronado set out from Compostela on February 23, 1540, at the head of a much larger expedition composed of about 400 European men-at-arms (mostly Spaniards), 1,300 to 2,000
294:
4044:
2304:
Coronado Cuarto Centennial Publications, 1540–1940, vol. 1. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Reprinted in 1949 jointly with Whittlesey House, New York, under the title
1035:
Soon after arriving at the camp he set out from the valley of Corazones in Sonora and traveled overland in a north/northwesterly direction until he arrived at the junction of the
1564:
Native American. Sandoval and Mendoza participate in the battle of Hawikuh (during which Sandoval is wounded) and describe the injury sustained by Coronado during that battle.
2291:
4064:
596:
945:, ending about twenty miles west-southwest of the location depicted on the map, with Quivira being mostly on tributaries of the Arkansas River instead of directly on the
233:
through parts of the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542. Vázquez de Coronado had hoped to reach the Cities of Cíbola, often referred to now as the mythical
4982:
2646:
1868:
625:, Spain, in 1510 as the second son of Juan Vázquez de Coronado and Isabel de Luján. Juan Vázquez held various positions in the administration of the recently captured
4529:
4024:
755:
invested large sums of their own money in the venture. Mendoza appointed Vázquez de Coronado the commander of the expedition, with the mission to find the mythical
2275:
Blakeslee, D. J., R. Flint, and J. T. Hughes 1997. "Una Barranca Grande: Recent Archaeological Evidence and a Discussion of its Place in the Coronado Route". In
1210:, who with Esteban and two other Spanish survivors of the Narváez expedition to Florida made his way across southern Texas six years before Vázquez de Coronado.
860:, about March 28, 1540, whereupon he rested his expedition before they began trekking the inland trail. Aside from his mission to verify Friar de Niza's report,
4987:
4074:
1331:
At Harahey "was a river, with more water and more inhabitants than the other". This sounds as if Vázquez de Coronado may have reached the Smoky Hill River near
589:
3679:
2562:
Seymour, Deni J. (2008) "Despoblado or Athapaskan Heartland: A Methodological Perspective on Ancestral Apache Landscape Use in the Safford Area". Chapter 5 in
630:
3037:
648:, the son of his father's patron and Vázquez de Coronado's personal friend. In New Spain, he married twelve-year-old Beatriz de Estrada, called "the Saint" (
289:
5066:
4914:
1109:. This war resulted in the destruction of the Tiguex pueblos and the deaths of hundreds of Native Americans. The Spaniards also captured a Wichita woman,
1430:
876:. The configuration of the country made it necessary to follow the river valley until he could find a passage across the mountains to the course of the
1249:
Another guide, probably Pawnee and named Ysopete, and probably Teyas as well told Vázquez de Coronado that he was going in the wrong direction, saying
5026:
5106:
4894:
3998:
2676:
321:
2371:
5091:
5086:
3978:
2633:
1534:
references the "Cross of Coronado". According to the film, this gold cross, discovered in a Utah cave system, was given to Vázquez de Coronado by
1623:
1272:
872:
on April 22, 1540, Vázquez de Coronado followed the coast, "bearing off to the left", as Mota Padilla says, by an extremely rough way, to the
4752:
3714:
3583:
3210:
3206:
2863:
2569:
Seymour, Deni J. (2009) "Evaluating Eyewitness Accounts of Native Peoples Along the Coronado Trail From the International Border to Cibola".
1474:
1470:
4210:
1395:
After Alonso's death, Beatriz ensured that three of their daughters were married into prominent families of New Spain. She never remarried.
751:. The other component traveled by land, along the trail on which Friar Marcos de Niza had followed Esteban. Vázquez de Coronado and Viceroy
4847:
4842:
3616:
3259:
2712:
1300:
led Vázquez de Coronado onto the Great Plains and thus relieved the beleaguered pueblos of Spanish depredations for at least a few months.
491:
343:
259:
4909:
4029:
1421:
304:
4145:
2801:
541:
5041:
4676:
3993:
3929:
3651:
3631:
3106:
2838:
1530:
3146:
2776:
2485:
Herrick, Dennis (2013) "Winter of the Metal People: The Untold Story of America's First Indian War, Sunbury Press, Mechanicsburg, PA.
2288:
974:
Vázquez de Coronado traveled north on one side or the other of today's Arizona–New Mexico state line, and from the headwaters of the
4651:
4049:
3593:
2640:
2505:
2497:
2367:
2342:
2229:
1891:
316:
4742:
4318:
2888:
1842:
1058:
1027:
4942:
4258:
3626:
3110:
2602:
1675:
577:
426:
4458:
2622:
2607:, written by Pedro de Castañeda and translated by George Parker Winship, 1922 publication, searchable copy with page numbers at
2034:, Vol. 101, No. 7, 1942, 1–24. Wedel lays the foundation for the location of Quivira, built on by many subsequent investigators.
2030:
Winship, 235; Wedel, Waldo R., "Archeological Remains in Central Kansas and their Possible Bearing on the Location of Quivira".
1603:, follows the story of a young boy who meets the ghost of Coronado and tries to help him by giving his remains a proper burial.
1434:
4879:
4671:
3807:
3757:
3742:
3641:
3328:
3230:
2241:
1478:
375:
4313:
4054:
2422:
Documents of the Coronado Expedition, 1539–1541: They Were Not Familiar with His Majesty nor Did They Wish to Be His Subjects.
2093:
Shirley Cushing Flint "No Mere Shadows: Faces of Widowhood in Early Colonial Mexico" University of New Mexico Press 2013 pp 40
1398:
Beatriz reported that her husband had died in great poverty, since their encomiendas had been taken away from them due to the
5111:
5076:
5071:
4899:
4837:
4636:
3767:
3747:
3719:
3636:
3611:
3471:
3279:
3186:
3116:
3093:
1482:
326:
299:
4862:
4691:
4448:
4135:
368:
1105:. During the winter of 1540–41, his army found themselves in conflict with the Rio Grande natives, which led to the brutal
4992:
4947:
4889:
4867:
4681:
4453:
4248:
4243:
3924:
3909:
2994:
2858:
2811:
1293:
1144:
With the Turk guiding him, Vázquez de Coronado and his army might have crossed the flat and featureless steppe called the
641:
531:
461:
436:
431:
385:
358:
88:
2111:
Aiton, Arthur Scott. Antonio de Mendoza, First Viceroy of New Spain. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1927.
5101:
5096:
5081:
4884:
4872:
4852:
4383:
4205:
3684:
3064:
2873:
2669:
2102:
Aiton, Arthur Scott. Antonio de Mendoza, First Viceroy of New Spain. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1927
1257:
After more than thirty days journey, Vázquez de Coronado found a river larger than any he had seen before. This was the
380:
363:
348:
197:
1141:
and his intention seems to have been to lead Vázquez de Coronado astray and hope that he got lost in the Great Plains.
1097:. Vázquez de Coronado had one commandeered for his winter quarters, Coofor, which is across the river from present-day
4857:
4757:
4388:
3840:
3772:
2741:
2406:
Flint, Richard and Shirley Cushing Flint. (1993) "Coronado's Crosses, Route Markers Used by the Coronado Expedition".
1610:
detailing the expedition of Vázquez de Coronado through the use of recycled images from Westerns, conquest films, and
1493:
1425:
In 1940 the U.S. Post Office issued a commemorative stamp celebrating the 400th anniversary of the Coronado expedition
1358:
353:
4308:
4215:
4155:
941:
historians since the 1940s. Also, most scholars believe Quivira was about thirty miles east of the great bend of the
933:. The soldiers were upset with de Niza for his mendacious imagination, so Vázquez de Coronado sent him back south to
536:
421:
1213:
Scholars differ in their opinions as to which historical Indian group were the Teyas. A plurality believe they were
4792:
4175:
4130:
3802:
3689:
3601:
3573:
3200:
3170:
2806:
1441:
1377:
897:
193:
2791:
2761:
4711:
4661:
4519:
4418:
3914:
3787:
3752:
3704:
3606:
3218:
3102:
2756:
1416:
901:
857:
456:
38:
2883:
2868:
849:), and several slaves, both natives and Africans. Many other family members and servants also joined the party.
4656:
4539:
4438:
4433:
4373:
3792:
3782:
3568:
3271:
3182:
1449:
1110:
451:
140:
4499:
4298:
4200:
4115:
2468:
Coronado Centennial Publications, 1540–1940, vol. 2. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
1595:
1507:
476:
4706:
4564:
4408:
4348:
3899:
3797:
3762:
3709:
3214:
3178:
2908:
2781:
2766:
2662:
2532:
Reff, Daniel T. (1997) "The Relevance of Ethnology to the Routing of the Coronado Expedition in Sonora". In
1102:
4997:
4569:
4504:
4140:
4008:
3894:
3777:
3737:
3381:
3174:
2833:
2823:
1019:
914:
748:
3340:
5116:
4797:
4443:
3853:
3674:
3563:
3502:
3430:
3041:
2721:
2639:
2330:
1445:
1317:
1054:
1003:
975:
918:
526:
486:
4977:
4378:
4288:
4165:
4125:
4084:
3053:
723:
466:
2536:. pp. 165–176, Eds. Richard Flint and Shirley Cushing Flint. University Press of Colorado, Niwot.
2346:
2265:
5121:
4952:
4621:
4584:
4574:
4514:
4478:
4413:
4393:
4268:
4190:
4100:
3919:
2796:
2786:
2362:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1940; rpt., Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1981,
1499:
1437:
between the United States and Mexico where the Coronado expedition first crossed into North America.
1357:, where he died of an infectious disease on September 22, 1554. He was buried under the altar of the
1226:
1090:
922:
756:
516:
471:
401:
234:
5021:
4777:
4767:
4762:
4646:
4626:
4579:
4559:
4468:
4363:
4358:
4303:
4273:
4039:
3664:
3621:
3578:
3507:
3476:
3247:
3226:
3192:
3098:
3068:
2999:
2843:
2816:
2716:
2613:
1651:
1552:
1547:
1381:
1238:
842:
735:
727:
698:(New Galicia), a province of New Spain located northwest of Mexico and comprising the contemporary
4233:
2255:
1535:
446:
4782:
4772:
4747:
4701:
4666:
4524:
4110:
3983:
3481:
3461:
3121:
3009:
2898:
2736:
2390:
Duffen, W., and Hartmann, W. K. (1997) "The 76 Ranch Ruin and the Location of Chichilticale". In
1748:
1740:
1262:
1192:
1153:
986:. The members of the expedition were almost starving and demanded entrance into the community of
889:
853:
822:
752:
645:
626:
572:
511:
4105:
4034:
2578:
Where the Earth and Sky are Sewn Together: Sobaípuri-O'odham Contexts of Contact and Colonialism
5036:
4962:
4904:
4737:
4509:
4483:
4473:
4463:
4398:
4353:
4283:
4263:
4238:
4185:
4160:
3425:
2979:
2975:
2952:
2893:
2848:
2707:
2501:
2493:
2363:
2338:
2225:
1887:
1862:
1846:
1628:
1373:
1321:
506:
496:
416:
309:
4972:
4594:
4589:
4554:
4534:
4293:
4170:
4069:
3973:
3435:
3275:
3126:
3058:
3004:
1732:
1503:
1489:
1463:
1325:
1129:
far to the east. In spring 1541, he led his army and priests and indigenous allies onto the
1031:
1023:
861:
763:
665:
622:
546:
501:
481:
411:
217:
120:
1388:
in New Spain. This marriage was an important source of funding for Francisco's expedition.
1369:
Within a year of arriving in New Spain, he married Beatriz de Estrada, called "the saint".
1046:
4787:
4727:
4641:
4549:
4423:
4403:
4368:
4150:
4120:
4059:
3669:
3659:
3440:
3332:
3289:
3049:
2957:
2828:
2492:, Vol. II (1907, xiii, 413 p.; rpt., Texas State Historical Association, 1985, 411 pages,
2378:
2295:
1679:
1336:
1234:
1161:
1157:
1149:
838:
551:
521:
406:
333:
4696:
2564:
Crossroads of the Southwest: Culture, Ethnicity, and Migration in Arizona's Safford Basin
2401:, edited by Richard Flint and Shirley Cushing Flint. University Press of Colorado, Niwot.
2153:
1557:
1254:
Coronado, thus, dedicated himself to a reconnaissance rather than a mission of conquest.
2608:
2555:
Seymour, Deni J., (2007) "An Archaeological Perspective on the Hohokam-Pima Continuum".
1113:, who had been enslaved by the Tiguex, and who would become a guide for the expedition.
1014:
Three leaders affiliated with the Vázquez de Coronado expedition were able to reach the
856:
on his left to the west until he reached the northernmost Spanish settlement in Mexico,
5014:
4631:
4544:
4428:
4180:
4003:
3988:
3889:
3863:
3848:
3729:
3324:
3318:
3222:
2989:
2903:
2853:
2731:
2685:
1456:
1332:
1297:
1258:
1207:
1145:
1134:
1036:
1015:
994:
942:
885:
846:
830:
715:
242:
1672:
5060:
4195:
3045:
2962:
2771:
2461:. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque (reprint by AMS Press, New York, 1977).
2394:. Eds. Richard Flint and Shirley Cushing Flint. University Press of Colorado, Niwot.
2120:
1752:
1579:
1403:
1349:
1313:
1222:
1138:
987:
873:
699:
695:
338:
284:
78:
17:
1884:
Chronology of Native North American History: From Pre-Columbian Times to the Present
4967:
4957:
4686:
4225:
4079:
3904:
3420:
3196:
2878:
2726:
2628:
2566:, pp. 121–162, edited by David E. Purcell, Cambridge Scholars Press, New York.
1723:
Flint, R. (Winter 2005). "What They Never Told You about the Coronado Expedition".
1600:
1280:
1130:
1071:
1062:
983:
946:
778:
672:
652:), sister of Leonor de Estrada, ancestor of the de Alvarado family and daughter of
238:
222:
4278:
3348:
814:
5037:
Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
2534:
The Coronado Expedition to Tierra Nueva: The 1540–1542 Route Across the Southwest
2399:
The Coronado Expedition to Tierra Nueva: The 1540–1542 Route Across the Southwest
2392:
The Coronado Expedition to Tierra Nueva: The 1540–1542 Route Across the Southwest
2260:
1292:(executed). The Turk is regarded as an Indian hero in a display at Albuquerque's
3868:
3858:
3694:
3263:
1972:, Albuquerque: U of NM Press, 2008, 157. For a contrary view, see Riley, 191–192
1568:
1561:
1354:
998:
930:
877:
869:
767:
739:
734:. When de Niza returned, he told of a city of vast wealth, a golden city called
136:
4732:
3466:
3136:
2746:
1736:
1518:
1385:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1079:
1075:
1040:
979:
881:
834:
795:
787:
731:
719:
676:
567:
269:
2548:
Schroeder, Albert E. (1955) "Fray Marcos de Niza, Coronado and the Yavapai".
2527:
Disease, Depopulation and Culture Change in Northwestern New Spain, 1518–1764
2515:. Thatcher: Eastern Arizona College Museum of Anthropology Publication No. 5.
759:. This is the reason he pawned his wife's estates and was lent 70,000 pesos.
3699:
3456:
3356:
3033:
2967:
1180:
934:
653:
640:(present-day Mexico) in 1535 at about age 25, in the entourage of its first
637:
116:
880:. He traveled alongside this stream for some distance, then crossed to the
1829:
Winter of the Metal People: The Untold Story of America's First Indian War
3873:
2983:
2751:
2520:
The Kuykendall Site: A Prehistoric Salado Village in Southeastern Arizona
1606:
In 1992, underground found-footage filmmaker Craig Baldwin made the film
1459:, a summit in the Grand Canyon, was officially named to commemorate him.
1399:
982:. He followed the river until he entered the territory controlled by the
803:
669:
661:
657:
2322:
Chronicles of America Series, vol. 23. Yale University Press, New Haven.
2198:
2178:
1744:
5031:
5002:
3555:
3512:
3497:
3141:
2135:
1250:
1214:
1126:
910:
905:
791:
711:
707:
703:
2513:
The Eagle Pass Site: An Integral Part of the Province of Chichilticale
2431:
A Most Splendid Company: The Coronado Expedition in Global Perspective
2320:
The Spanish Borderlands: A Chronicle of Old Florida and the Southwest.
3968:
3522:
3517:
3294:
1502:
is not named after Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, but is named after
1309:
1289:
1184:
926:
884:, which he followed nearly to its source before a pass (now known as
807:
783:
230:
226:
2286:(New York: Whittlesey; Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press).
2224:. Golden, CO: Fulcrum Publishing. Introduction by Donald C. Cutter.
722:(more properly known as Estevan), one of only four survivors of the
1433:
authorizing the erection of a monument at the nearest point of the
675:
family. Vázquez de Coronado inherited a large portion of a Mexican
5009:
3336:
3283:
3131:
2947:
1567:
The song "Hitchin' to Quivira" from independent singer-songwriter
1420:
1271:
1230:
1196:
1168:
1045:
956:
799:
175:
2654:
3352:
3344:
3267:
2545:. Ibero-Americana III. University of California Press, Berkeley.
2203:
2183:
966:
949:. For details, see the heading below, "Location of Quivira...."
4931:
4826:
3950:
3828:
3543:
3402:
3370:
3307:
3244:
3159:
3082:
3022:
2936:
2925:
2696:
2658:
2617:
2482:. Ed. C. Riley, Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
1195:
canyon country. He soon met with another group of Indians, the
2302:
Coronado on the Turquoise Trail: Knight of Pueblos and Plains.
1308:
Archaeological evidence suggests that Quivira was in central
2597:
2279:. Eds. R. and S. Flint, University of Colorado Press, Niwot.
1167:
On the Llano, Vázquez de Coronado encountered vast herds of
1121:
From an indigenous informant the Spanish called "the Turk" (
1093:
was sent to the east, and found several villages around the
237:. His expedition marked the first European sightings of the
2522:. El Paso Arch. Soc. Spec. Report for 1967, No. 6, El Paso.
1586:
is based on the story of Vázquez de Coronado's expedition.
1575:
is based on the story of Vázquez de Coronado's expedition.
2447:
United States Coronado Exposition Commission, Albuquerque.
2360:
Coronado's Quest: The Discovery of the Southwestern States
1845:. New Mexico Office of the State Historian. Archived from
1179:
Vázquez de Coronado found a community of people he called
2478:
Hedrick, Basil C. (1978) "The Location of Corazones". In
2355:. Academy of American Franciscan History, Washington D.C.
245:, among other landmarks. His name is often Anglicized as
225:
and explorer who led a large expedition from what is now
1578:
The song "Coronado And The Turk" from singer-songwriter
1125:), Vázquez de Coronado heard of a wealthy nation called
2634:
Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Coronado
1462:
A large hill northwest of Lindsborg, Kansas, is called
957:
694:
Vázquez de Coronado was the Governor of the Kingdom of
681:
estate through Beatriz and had eight children by her.
42:
2488:
Hodge, Frederick W. and Theodore H. Lewis, ed. (1907)
2471:
Haury, Emil W. (1984) "The Search for Chichilticale".
2415:
The Coronado Expedition from the Distance of 460 Years
2136:"Coronadite: Mineral information, data and localities"
852:
He followed the Sinaloan coast northward, keeping the
3000:
Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
2220:
Winship, George Parker, translator and editor (1990)
2089:
2087:
1283:(c. 1545), probably Vázquez de Coronado in New Mexico
2629:
List of Men Who Were Part of the Coronado Expedition
2583:
Udall, Steward S. (1984) "In Coronado's Footsteps".
2433:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2019.
1312:
with the westernmost village near the small town of
1133:
to search for Quivira. The Turk was probably either
621:
Vázquez de Coronado was born into a noble family in
4720:
4614:
4607:
4492:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4224:
4093:
4017:
3961:
3882:
3839:
3728:
3650:
3592:
3554:
3490:
3449:
3413:
2452:
The Adventure of Don Francisco Vásquez de Coronado.
189:
181:
163:
158:
146:
126:
103:
98:
84:
77:
66:
2616:Primary Source Adventure, a lesson plan hosted by
1492:, was named after Vázquez de Coronado. Similarly,
2466:Narratives of the Coronado Expedition, 1540–1542.
2464:Hammond, George P., and Agapito Rey, eds. (1940)
1316:on Cow Creek, extending twenty miles east to the
1156:, passing through the present-day communities of
1990:Flint, Richard and Flint, Shirley Cushing, eds.
1805:. Albuquerque: U New Mexico Press, 2011, 229–261
1801:Flint, Richard and Flint, Shirley Cushing, eds.
1700:
1698:
1696:
1429:In 1939, United States 76th Congress passes the
1320:, and north another twenty miles to the town of
2490:Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States
2459:Narratives of the Coronado Expedition 1540–1542
2329:. Translated with an extensive introduction by
2070:. Mankato, MN: Capstone Publishers. p. 23.
1514:(the four crowned ones) to honor four martyrs.
2529:. (University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City).
2450:Hammond, George P., and Edgar R. Goad. (1938)
2417:. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
1485:, Arizona were named for Vázquez de Coronado.
1221:In 1993, Jimmy Owens found crossbow points in
888:) was discovered. On the southern side of the
3189:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
2670:
1910:New York: A.S. Barnes & Co, 1904, 142–215
1818:Albuquerque: U New Mexico Press, 2012, p. 602
597:
8:
2864:Independence of Spanish continental Americas
2454:University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
2424:Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas.
2337:, Fulcrum Publishing, hardcover, 233 pages,
1941:, Salt Lake City: U of Utah Press, 1995, 190
1906:Winship, George Parker (Ed. and Translator)
1867:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1353:the Indies. Vázquez de Coronado remained in
2647:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
2457:Hammond, George P. and Agapito Rey. (1920)
2047:, Albuquerque: U of NM Press, 1949, 330–334
1261:, probably a few miles east of present-day
1057:, depicts Coronado's 1540–1542 expedition.
26:
4928:
4823:
4611:
4338:
4331:
3958:
3947:
3836:
3825:
3551:
3540:
3410:
3399:
3367:
3304:
3241:
3156:
3079:
3019:
2933:
2922:
2693:
2677:
2663:
2655:
1654:. New Mexico Office of the State Historian
1448:to commemorate his expedition. The nearby
1431:Coronado Exposition Commission Act of 1939
997:. This expedition headed northwest to the
845:of the Franciscan order in the New World,
604:
590:
255:
221:; 1510 – 22 September 1554) was a Spanish
63:
59:Spanish explorer of the American southwest
4983:Colonial universities in Hispanic America
2333:, modern introduction, Donald C. Cutter,
2179:"Charlie's Ghost: The Secret of Coronado"
1994:. Niwot, CO: U Press of CO, 1997, 372–375
1831:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Sunbury Press, 2013.
993:The first scouting expedition was led by
782:The Coronado Expedition (1540–1542) from
4988:Colonial universities in the Philippines
2068:Exploring the Southwestern United States
2012:Bolton, 293 and many subsequent scholars
1650:Flint, Richard; Flint, Shirley Cushing.
813:
777:
32:This is an accepted version of this page
3979:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
1992:The Coronado Expedition to Tierra Nueva
1841:Flint, Richard, Shirley Cushing Flint.
1645:
1643:
1639:
1591:Charlie's Ghost: The Secret of Coronado
1440:In 1952, the United States established
1304:Location of Quivira, Tabas, and Harahey
978:, he continued on until he came to the
762:In the autumn of 1539, Mendoza ordered
664:, and his wife Marina Flores Gutiérrez
559:
393:
276:
258:
28:
2641:"Coronado, Francisco Vásquez de"
2429:Richard Flint, Shirley Cushing Flint.
2306:Coronado, Knight of Pueblos and Plains
2284:Coronado: Knight of Pueblos and Plains
2277:The Coronado Expedition to Terra Nueva
2066:Blue, Rose; Naden, Corinne J. (2003).
1860:
837:friars (the most notable of whom were
766:, commander of the Spanish outpost at
636:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado went to
218:[fɾanˈθiskoˈβaθkeθðekoɾoˈnaðo]
2440:University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
2045:Coronado: Knight of Pueblo and Plains
2032:Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
1816:Documents of the Coronado Expedition.
1496:has been named the Coronado Freeway.
660:Alonso de Estrada y Hidalgo, Lord of
216:
7:
3260:Captaincy General of the Philippines
2752:New Laws in favour of the indigenous
2518:Mill, J. P., and V. M. Mills (1969)
2351:Chavez, Fr. Angelico, O.F.M. (1968)
2154:"Hitchin' To Quivira by Tyler Jakes"
1277:Episode from the Conquest of America
4963:Indochristian painting in New Spain
1624:Chamuscado and Rodriguez Expedition
1372:Beatriz was the second daughter of
5067:Spanish explorers of North America
3930:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires
1531:Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
962:The Coronado Expedition, 1540–1542
57:
2904:Independence of Equatorial Guinea
2222:The Journey of Coronado 1540–1542
1886:. Gale Research. pp. 41–42.
1494:Interstate 40 through Albuquerque
1010:Exploration of the Colorado River
896:, which may have been either the
5015:Criollos in the colonial society
4943:Spanish missions in the Americas
4065:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
2315:. Russell and Russell, New York.
892:he found a stream he called the
633:, its first Christian governor.
578:Spanish missions in the Americas
268:
168:
150:
5107:Pre-statehood history of Kansas
5042:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649
2614:Coronado: Misfortune's Explorer
2557:Old Pueblo Archaeology Bulletin
2282:Bolton, Herbert Eugene. (1949)
2003:Winship, 113, 209, 215, 234–237
1652:"Francisco Vázquez de Coronado"
714:. In 1539, he dispatched Friar
5092:16th-century Spanish explorers
5087:Explorers of the United States
3094:Captaincy General of Guatemala
2802:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
2625:June 29, 1541, Ford County, KS
2552:30:265–296; see also 31:24–37.
1506:, which were named in 1602 by
819:Coronado Sets Out to the North
726:, on an expedition north from
1:
4993:General Archive of the Indies
4254:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
3925:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
3910:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
2859:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
2812:War of the Spanish Succession
2777:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
2438:Apache, Navaho, and Spaniard.
2247:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
1294:Indian Pueblo Cultural Center
442:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
210:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
68:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
3065:Captaincy General of Yucatan
2995:Union with Holy Roman Empire
2974:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of
2889:German–Spanish Treaty (1899)
2598:The Search for Chichilticale
2571:New Mexico Historical Review
2325:Castañeda, Pedro de. (1990)
2266:Resources in other libraries
1452:is also named in his honor.
1199:, enemies of the Querechos.
1061:can be seen overlooking the
198:Exploration of North America
3545:Administrative subdivisions
2742:War of the League of Cognac
2618:The Portal to Texas History
5138:
4259:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
4244:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
4146:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
3044:), Western United States (
2807:Portuguese Restoration War
2559:No. 51, December 2007:1–7.
2511:Lee, Betty Graham. (1966)
2443:Hammond, George P. (1940)
2387:Houghton, Mifflin, Boston.
2358:Day, Arthur Grove. (1981)
2318:Bolton, Herbert E. (1921)
2300:Bolton, Herbert E. (1949)
1970:No Settlement, No Conquest
1442:Coronado National Memorial
1414:
542:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
532:Tristán de Luna y Arellano
432:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
427:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
194:Spanish conquest of Mexico
5027:Slavery in Spanish Empire
4938:
4927:
4833:
4822:
4314:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor
4055:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder
3957:
3946:
3915:Barcelona Trading Company
3835:
3824:
3680:New Andalusia (1501–1513)
3550:
3539:
3409:
3398:
3377:
3314:
3255:
3187:Venezuela, part of Guyana
3166:
3089:
3040:, Central United States (
3029:
2943:
2932:
2921:
2772:Bruneian–Spanish conflict
2757:Expulsion of the Moriscos
2703:
2692:
2383:De Voto, Bernard. (1952)
2261:Resources in your library
1882:Champagne, Duane (1994).
1803:The Latest Word from 1540
1737:10.1179/kiv.2005.71.2.004
1469:Coronado High Schools in
1417:Coronado (disambiguation)
1051:La conquista del Colorado
917:, within the bend of the
786:north through the future
203:
94:
73:
4968:Quito painting tradition
4958:Cusco painting tradition
4319:García López de Cárdenas
4309:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
4216:Felipe González de Ahedo
4136:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
2713:Conquest of the Americas
2576:Seymour, Deni J. (2009)
2480:Across the Chichimec Sea
2445:Coronado's Seven Cities.
2408:Journal of the Southwest
1843:"Coofor and Juan Aleman"
1450:Coronado National Forest
1407:their days comfortably.
1059:García López de Cárdenas
1028:García López de Cárdenas
841:and the newly appointed
452:Luis de Carvajal y Cueva
422:Bernal Díaz del Castillo
141:Viceroyalty of New Spain
39:latest accepted revision
4753:Comuneros (New Granada)
4530:Balearic Islands (1558)
4249:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
4176:Ruy López de Villalobos
4131:Miguel López de Legazpi
4045:García de Toledo Osorio
2909:Western Sahara conflict
2899:Independence of Morocco
2839:Treaty of Madrid (1750)
2782:Piracy in the Caribbean
2767:French Wars of Religion
2525:Reff, Daniel T. (1991)
2436:Forbes, Jack D. (1960)
2335:The Journey of Coronado
2327:The Journey of Coronado
1378:Marina de la Caballería
1359:Church of Santo Domingo
1103:Albuquerque, New Mexico
462:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
437:Sebastián de Belalcázar
79:Governor of New Galicia
4998:Colonial Spanish Horse
4672:Colonia del Sacramento
3895:Spanish treasure fleet
3472:Royal Decree of Graces
2541:Sauer, Carl O. (1932)
2410:35(2) (1993):207–216.
1435:international boundary
1426:
1324:on a tributary of the
1284:
1066:
971:
915:Sulphur Springs Valley
858:San Miguel de Culiacán
826:
811:
768:San Miguel de Culiacán
631:Íñigo López de Mendoza
457:Bartolomé de las Casas
214:Spanish pronunciation:
5112:People from Salamanca
5077:People from New Spain
5072:Spanish conquistadors
4156:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
4116:Juan Sebastián Elcano
3431:Council of the Indies
2792:Spanish–Moro conflict
2762:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
2722:Treaty of Tordesillas
2385:The Course of Empire.
2331:George Parker Winship
2311:Bolton, H. E. (1960)
1713:Winship. pp. 32–4, 37
1596:Charlie's Ghost Story
1446:Sierra Vista, Arizona
1424:
1318:Little Arkansas River
1275:
1055:Augusto Ferrer-Dalmau
1049:
976:Little Colorado River
960:
817:
781:
537:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
492:Pedro de Portocarrero
487:Francisco de Orellana
260:Spanish colonization
182:Years of service
18:Francisco de Coronado
4953:Mesoamerican Codices
4677:Comuneros (Paraguay)
4515:Siege of Castelnuovo
4101:Christopher Columbus
3920:Consulate of the Sea
3900:Casa de Contratación
3491:Titles and positions
2884:Spanish–American War
2874:Liberal constitution
2717:Asia and the Pacific
1521:is named after him.
1512:Los Cuatro Coronados
1500:Coronado, California
1091:Hernando de Alvarado
923:Chiricahua Mountains
757:Seven Cities of Gold
472:Francisco de Montejo
402:Christopher Columbus
235:Seven Cities of Gold
5102:1540s in New Mexico
5097:Colonial New Mexico
5082:Explorers of Mexico
4682:Cartagena de Indias
4304:Diego de Mazariegos
4274:Pere Fages i Beleta
4141:Sebastián de Ocampo
3622:Provincias Internas
3594:Captaincies General
3508:Municipal president
3477:School of Salamanca
3248:Spanish East Indies
3227:Misiones Orientales
3099:Spanish West Indies
3063:, Central America (
3010:Pyrénées-Orientales
2963:Union with Portugal
2854:Napoleonic invasion
2834:War of Jenkins' Ear
2550:New Mex. Hist. Rev.
2123:History of Coronado
2043:Bolton, Herbert E.
1937:Riley, Carroll L.,
1765:Winship. pp. 38, 40
1614:television series.
1382:Diego de Caballeria
1233:, near the town of
1175:Querechos and Teyas
1020:Hernando de Alarcón
1006:) lay to the west.
929:constructed by the
843:provincial superior
749:Hernando de Alarcón
730:toward present-day
247:Vasquez de Coronado
29:Page version status
4978:Academia Antártica
4933:Other civil topics
4299:Pánfilo de Narváez
4201:Sebastián Vizcaíno
4166:Andrés de Urdaneta
4126:Juan Ponce de León
4111:Ferdinand Magellan
4085:Bernardo de Gálvez
3984:Indian auxiliaries
3482:Trial of residence
3462:Laws of the Indies
3246:Asia and Oceania (
3107:Dominican Republic
2580:. Book manuscript.
2543:The Road to Cibola
2377:2009-02-22 at the
2353:Coronado's Friars.
2313:Rim of Christendom
2294:2009-02-22 at the
1783:Winship. pp. 40–41
1690:Winship. pp. 39–40
1678:2008-05-13 at the
1508:Sebastián Vizcaíno
1427:
1285:
1263:Dodge City, Kansas
1154:Eastern New Mexico
1117:Search for Quivira
1067:
972:
953:Conquest of Cíbola
890:Huachuca Mountains
854:Gulf of California
827:
823:Frederic Remington
812:
753:Antonio de Mendoza
724:Narváez expedition
646:Antonio de Mendoza
627:Emirate of Granada
573:Indian auxiliaries
512:Nikolaus Federmann
477:Pánfilo de Narváez
467:Juan Ponce de León
295:Strait of Magellan
35:
5054:
5053:
5050:
5049:
4923:
4922:
4828:Spanish conquests
4818:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4603:
4602:
4284:Pedro de Alvarado
4269:Gaspar de Portolà
4264:Pedro de Valdivia
4239:Francisco Pizarro
4191:Nicolás de Ovando
4186:Alonso de Ercilla
4161:Alonso de Salazar
3994:Ships of the line
3942:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3820:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3366:
3365:
3323:Northern Africa (
3319:Equatorial Guinea
3303:
3302:
3240:
3239:
3155:
3154:
3078:
3077:
3069:Spanish Caribbean
3042:Spanish Louisiana
3018:
3017:
2953:Crown of Castille
2917:
2916:
2894:Spanish Civil War
2869:Adams–Onís Treaty
2849:Nootka Convention
2797:Thirty Years' War
2787:Eighty Years' War
2708:Catholic Monarchs
2698:Timeline–immersed
2242:Library resources
2199:"¡O No Coronado!"
1827:Herrick, Dennis.
1814:Flint and Flint,
1629:Antonio de Espejo
1548:young adult novel
1488:Coronado Road in
1374:Alonso de Estrada
1002:large river (the
970:
614:
613:
507:Pedro de Valdivia
497:Francisco Pizarro
417:Pedro de Alvarado
290:Pacific Northwest
207:
206:
134:(aged 43–44)
130:22 September 1554
47:23 September 2024
16:(Redirected from
5129:
4929:
4895:Chibchan Nations
4824:
4793:Santiago de Cuba
4652:Guadalupe Island
4612:
4339:
4332:
4294:Diego de Almagro
4171:Antonio de Ulloa
4075:Ambrosio Spinola
4070:Pedro de Zubiaur
4040:Alfonso d'Avalos
4030:Antonio de Leyva
3974:Army of Flanders
3959:
3948:
3837:
3826:
3552:
3541:
3411:
3400:
3368:
3341:Peñón of Algiers
3305:
3242:
3157:
3080:
3062:
3020:
2934:
2923:
2844:Seven Years' War
2817:Queen Anne's War
2694:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2656:
2651:
2643:
2585:Arizona Highways
2473:Arizona Highways
2209:
2208:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2132:
2126:
2121:Chauncey Adams,
2118:
2112:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2048:
2041:
2035:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1973:
1968:Flint, Richard.
1966:
1960:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1866:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1849:on 15 April 2013
1838:
1832:
1825:
1819:
1812:
1806:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1691:
1688:
1682:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1647:
1584:Of Moor And Mesa
1553:The King's Fifth
1510:who called them
1504:Coronado Islands
1490:Phoenix, Arizona
1481:, Colorado; and
1479:Colorado Springs
1464:Coronado Heights
1361:in Mexico City.
1326:Smoky Hill River
1018:. The first was
964:
666:de la Caballería
606:
599:
592:
547:Amerigo Vespucci
502:Hernando de Soto
412:Diego de Almagro
272:
256:
220:
215:
174:
172:
171:
159:Military service
154:
133:
121:Crown of Castile
114:
112:
99:Personal details
64:
21:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5046:
5022:Old inquisition
4934:
4919:
4829:
4802:
4758:Trinidad (1797)
4728:La Noche Triste
4716:
4712:San Juan (1797)
4662:San Juan (1595)
4599:
4488:
4328:Notable battles
4323:
4289:Martín de Ursúa
4220:
4151:Alonso de Ojeda
4121:Juan de la Cosa
4106:Pinzón brothers
4089:
4060:John of Austria
4035:Martín de Goiti
4013:
3953:
3934:
3878:
3831:
3812:
3724:
3720:Terra Australis
3715:Río de la Plata
3660:Castilla de Oro
3646:
3588:
3584:Río de la Plata
3546:
3527:
3486:
3445:
3441:Santa Hermandad
3405:
3386:
3382:Terra Australis
3373:
3362:
3329:Spanish Morocco
3310:
3299:
3290:Northern Taiwan
3251:
3236:
3207:Río de la Plata
3162:
3151:
3085:
3084:Central America
3074:
3056:
3025:
3014:
2958:Crown of Aragon
2939:
2928:
2913:
2829:Bourbon Reforms
2699:
2688:
2683:
2638:
2594:
2379:Wayback Machine
2296:Wayback Machine
2287:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2238:
2236:Further reading
2217:
2212:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2162:
2160:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2085:
2079:
2075:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2042:
2038:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1859:
1852:
1850:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1826:
1822:
1813:
1809:
1800:
1796:
1792:Winship. p. 143
1791:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1760:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1680:Wayback Machine
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1641:
1637:
1620:
1612:The Lone Ranger
1589:The 1995 film,
1546:In the classic
1527:
1525:Popular culture
1419:
1413:
1367:
1345:
1306:
1247:
1177:
1150:Texas Panhandle
1119:
1088:
1012:
955:
839:Juan de Padilla
776:
692:
687:
619:
610:
552:Juan de la Cosa
522:Pedro de Candia
407:Alonso de Ojeda
262:of the Americas
261:
229:to present-day
213:
196:
169:
167:
135:
131:
115:
110:
108:
69:
60:
55:
54:
53:
52:
51:
50:
34:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5135:
5133:
5125:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5059:
5058:
5052:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5007:
5006:
5005:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4925:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4876:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4838:Canary Islands
4834:
4831:
4830:
4827:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4692:Túpac Amaru II
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4637:Bogotá savanna
4634:
4629:
4624:
4618:
4616:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4545:Spanish Armada
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4496:
4494:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4439:White Mountain
4436:
4434:Cape Celidonia
4431:
4429:English Armada
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4345:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4230:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4206:Juan Fernández
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4181:Diego Columbus
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4009:Army of Africa
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3989:Spanish Armada
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3965:
3963:
3955:
3954:
3951:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3890:Manila galleon
3886:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3845:
3843:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3822:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3656:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3598:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3415:
3407:
3406:
3404:Administration
3403:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3371:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3325:Western Sahara
3321:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3223:Banda Oriental
3204:
3190:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3038:Coastal Alaska
3030:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2690:
2689:
2686:Spanish Empire
2684:
2682:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2623:Coronado Cross
2620:
2611:
2600:
2593:
2592:External links
2590:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2573:84(3):399–435.
2567:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2486:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2418:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2388:
2381:
2356:
2349:
2347:PBS - The West
2323:
2316:
2309:
2298:
2280:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2190:
2170:
2145:
2140:www.mindat.org
2127:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2083:
2073:
2058:
2049:
2036:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1983:
1981:Winship, 69–70
1974:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1899:
1892:
1874:
1833:
1820:
1807:
1794:
1785:
1776:
1774:Winship. p. 60
1767:
1758:
1731:(2): 203–217.
1715:
1706:
1704:Winship. p. 38
1692:
1683:
1665:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1619:
1616:
1608:O No Coronado!
1593:also known as
1582:'s 1992 album
1571:'s 2016 album
1526:
1523:
1457:Coronado Butte
1412:
1409:
1366:
1363:
1344:
1343:Expedition end
1341:
1305:
1302:
1298:disinformation
1246:
1243:
1208:Cabeza de Vaca
1176:
1173:
1146:Llano Estacado
1118:
1115:
1087:
1084:
1037:Colorado River
1016:Colorado River
1011:
1008:
995:Pedro de Tovar
954:
951:
943:Arkansas River
886:Montezuma Pass
868:After leaving
847:Marcos de Niza
831:Mexican Indian
775:
772:
716:Marcos de Niza
700:Mexican states
691:
688:
686:
683:
618:
615:
612:
611:
609:
608:
601:
594:
586:
583:
582:
581:
580:
575:
570:
562:
561:
557:
556:
555:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
517:Inés de Suárez
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
396:
395:
391:
390:
389:
388:
383:
378:
373:
372:
371:
366:
361:
356:
346:
341:
336:
331:
330:
329:
324:
314:
313:
312:
302:
297:
292:
287:
279:
278:
274:
273:
265:
264:
243:Colorado River
205:
204:
201:
200:
191:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
165:
161:
160:
156:
155:
148:
144:
143:
128:
124:
123:
105:
101:
100:
96:
95:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
75:
74:
71:
70:
67:
58:
56:
36:
30:
27:
25:
24:
23:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5134:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4973:Tapada limeña
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4930:
4926:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4825:
4821:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4606:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4565:Montes Claros
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4505:Vienna (1529)
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4234:Hernán Cortés
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4226:Conquistadors
4223:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4196:Juan de Ayala
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4050:Duke of Savoy
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3949:
3945:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3849:Dollar (Peso)
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3827:
3823:
3809:
3808:Santo Domingo
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3685:New Andalusia
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3632:Santo Domingo
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3556:Viceroyalties
3553:
3549:
3542:
3538:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3401:
3397:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3369:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3306:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3161:South America
3158:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3081:
3070:
3066:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3046:Spanish Texas
3043:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3024:North America
3021:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3005:Franche-Comté
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2935:
2931:
2924:
2920:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2649:
2648:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2506:0-87611-067-7
2503:
2499:
2498:0-87611-066-9
2495:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2368:0-313-23207-5
2365:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2343:1-55591-066-1
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2235:
2231:
2230:1-55591-066-1
2227:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1939:Rio del Norte
1934:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1893:9780810391956
1889:
1885:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1669:
1666:
1653:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1580:Steve Tilston
1576:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1537:
1536:Hernán Cortés
1533:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1460:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1423:
1418:
1411:Commemoration
1410:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1350:Nueva Galicia
1342:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1227:Crosby County
1224:
1223:Blanco Canyon
1219:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1032:Sea of Cortés
1029:
1025:
1024:Melchior Díaz
1021:
1017:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
968:
963:
959:
952:
950:
948:
944:
938:
937:in disgrace.
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
874:Sinaloa River
871:
866:
863:
862:Melchior Díaz
859:
855:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
833:allies, four
832:
824:
820:
816:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
773:
771:
769:
765:
764:Melchior Díaz
760:
758:
754:
750:
744:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:Nueva Galicia
689:
684:
682:
680:
679:
674:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
632:
628:
624:
616:
607:
602:
600:
595:
593:
588:
587:
585:
584:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
564:
563:
558:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
482:Juan de Oñate
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
447:Hernán Cortés
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
398:
397:
392:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
351:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
328:
325:
323:
320:
319:
318:
315:
311:
308:
307:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
285:Inter caetera
283:
282:
281:
280:
275:
271:
267:
266:
263:
257:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
211:
202:
199:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
166:
162:
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
138:
129:
125:
122:
118:
106:
102:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
72:
65:
62:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
5117:1510s births
4948:Architecture
4843:The Americas
4707:Newfoundland
4697:Túpac Katari
4687:Cuerno Verde
4622:Tenochtitlan
4454:Valenciennes
4253:
4211:Luis Fajardo
4080:Blas de Lezo
4025:Duke of Alba
3905:Spanish Road
3743:Buenos Aires
3652:Governorates
3421:Ayuntamiento
3414:Organization
2879:Carlist Wars
2727:Italian Wars
2645:
2603:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2489:
2479:
2475:60(4):14–19.
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2359:
2352:
2334:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2301:
2283:
2276:
2256:Online books
2246:
2221:
2202:
2193:
2182:
2173:
2161:. Retrieved
2157:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2122:
2116:
2107:
2098:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2052:
2044:
2039:
2031:
2026:
2021:Winship, 235
2017:
2008:
1999:
1991:
1986:
1977:
1969:
1964:
1959:Winship, 232
1955:
1946:
1938:
1933:
1924:
1919:Winship, 214
1915:
1907:
1902:
1883:
1877:
1851:. Retrieved
1847:the original
1836:
1828:
1823:
1815:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1709:
1686:
1668:
1656:. Retrieved
1611:
1607:
1605:
1601:Cheech Marin
1594:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1577:
1573:Mojo Suicide
1572:
1566:
1558:Scott O'Dell
1551:
1545:
1541:The Coronado
1540:
1529:
1528:
1517:The mineral
1516:
1511:
1498:
1487:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1439:
1428:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1371:
1368:
1346:
1330:
1307:
1296:because his
1286:
1281:Jan Mostaert
1276:
1267:
1256:
1248:
1239:Floyd County
1220:
1212:
1205:
1201:
1189:
1178:
1166:
1143:
1131:Great Plains
1122:
1120:
1089:
1072:Grand Canyon
1068:
1063:Grand Canyon
1050:
1013:
992:
973:
961:
947:Kansas River
939:
893:
867:
851:
828:
818:
761:
745:
693:
677:
649:
635:
620:
441:
344:Aztec Empire
250:
246:
239:Grand Canyon
223:conquistador
209:
208:
190:Battles/wars
132:(1554-09-22)
61:
46:
37:This is the
31:
5122:1554 deaths
4915:Philippines
4880:El Salvador
4500:Capo d'Orso
4384:St. Quentin
4359:Rome (1527)
4018:Strategists
3768:Guadalajara
3695:New Navarre
3690:New Castile
3675:La Luisiana
3627:Puerto Rico
3617:Philippines
3574:New Granada
3264:Philippines
3225:(Uruguay),
3221:(Bolivia),
3171:New Granada
3111:Puerto Rico
3057: [
2927:Territories
2747:Encomiendas
2609:archive.org
2345:On-line at
2056:Bolton, 406
1950:Winship, 70
1928:Winship, 65
1569:Tyler Jakes
1380:; niece of
1355:Mexico City
1026:and lastly
919:Dos Cabezas
878:Yaqui River
788:U.S. states
690:Preparation
678:encomendero
376:El Salvador
305:Inca Empire
137:Mexico City
5061:Categories
4585:Somosierra
4575:Manila Bay
4449:Nördlingen
4389:Gravelines
3869:Columnario
3841:Currencies
3758:Concepción
3730:Audiencias
3705:New Toledo
3670:La Florida
3503:Corregidor
3467:Papal bull
3372:Antarctica
3280:Micronesia
2737:Golden Age
1635:References
1519:Coronadite
1483:Scottsdale
1415:See also:
1386:encomienda
1107:Tiguex War
1099:Bernalillo
1095:Rio Grande
1086:Tiguex War
1080:New Mexico
1076:Rio Grande
1041:Gila River
980:Zuni River
904:in modern
898:Santa Cruz
882:Rio Sonora
835:Franciscan
825:, c. 1900)
796:New Mexico
774:Expedition
732:New Mexico
728:Compostela
720:Estevanico
685:Expedition
617:Early life
568:Encomienda
527:Juan Pardo
300:California
164:Allegiance
4890:Nicaragua
4868:Guatemala
4778:Pichincha
4763:Chacabuco
4702:Pensacola
4647:Mataquito
4627:Cajamarca
4608:New World
4580:Trafalgar
4484:Alhucemas
4364:Landriano
4349:Comuneros
4335:Old World
4279:Joan Orpí
3999:Royalists
3773:Guatemala
3700:New Spain
3637:Venezuela
3612:Guatemala
3569:New Spain
3564:Columbian
3457:Exequatur
3357:Cape Juby
3211:Argentina
3034:New Spain
2968:Gibraltar
2732:Habsburgs
1753:129070895
1658:1 October
1599:starring
1477:, Texas;
1473:, Texas;
1455:In 1908,
1322:Lindsborg
1187:Indians.
1181:Querechos
935:New Spain
902:San Pedro
668:, from a
654:Treasurer
638:New Spain
623:Salamanca
386:Nicaragua
359:Guatemala
185:1535–1554
147:Signature
117:Salamanca
89:Charles I
4900:Colombia
4885:Honduras
4798:Asomante
4783:Ayacucho
4773:Carabobo
4748:Curalaba
4525:Ceresole
4419:Gembloux
4379:Mühlberg
4094:Mariners
3952:Military
3874:Doubloon
3859:Maravedí
3803:Santiago
3710:Paraguay
3436:Germania
3276:Caroline
3231:Malvinas
3215:Paraguay
3175:Colombia
3117:Trinidad
2984:Sardinia
2824:Bourbons
2587:60(4):3.
2375:Archived
2292:Archived
1863:cite web
1745:30246725
1676:Archived
1673:estrada1
1618:See also
1404:negative
1400:New Laws
1290:garroted
1259:Arkansas
1235:Floydada
1162:Canadian
1158:Hereford
1123:el turco
1111:Big Eyes
1004:Colorado
870:Culiacán
804:Oklahoma
738:, whose
670:converso
658:Governor
650:la Santa
381:Honduras
317:Colombia
251:Coronado
249:or just
241:and the
43:reviewed
5032:Asiento
5003:Mustang
4863:Yucatán
4858:Chiapas
4738:Tucapel
4570:Passaro
4520:Algiers
4510:Preveza
4479:Tetouan
4474:Vitoria
4464:Bitonto
4404:Antwerp
4399:Lepanto
4354:Bicocca
3830:Economy
3753:Charcas
3748:Caracas
3642:Yucatán
3513:Regidor
3498:Alcalde
3426:Cabildo
3333:Tripoli
3272:Mariana
3219:Charcas
3195:(Peru,
3179:Ecuador
3142:Bonaire
3137:Curazao
3122:Jamaica
3050:Florida
2650:. 1900.
2420:(2005)
2413:(2003)
2397:(1997)
2215:Sources
2081:Porrúa.
1853:27 June
1475:El Paso
1471:Lubbock
1337:Abilene
1251:Quivira
1245:Quivira
1215:Caddoan
1203:plums.
1193:caprock
1148:in the
1135:Wichita
1127:Quivira
1022:, then
988:Hawikuh
969:format)
927:pueblos
913:in the
911:Arizona
906:Arizona
900:or the
792:Arizona
712:Nayarit
708:Sinaloa
704:Jalisco
642:Viceroy
560:Related
369:Yucatán
354:Chiapas
334:Florida
322:Chibcha
277:History
109: (
85:Monarch
5010:Castas
4768:Boyacá
4743:Guiana
4733:Iguape
4657:Recife
4595:Mactan
4590:Annual
4555:Rocroi
4550:Leiden
4535:Djerba
4469:Bailén
4424:Ostend
4409:Azores
4004:Legión
3969:Tercio
3962:Armies
3864:Escudo
3793:Panamá
3788:Mexico
3783:Manila
3738:Bogotá
3523:Vecino
3518:Syndic
3349:Béjaïa
3309:Africa
3295:Tidore
3183:Panama
3147:Belize
3054:Mexico
2980:Sicily
2976:Naples
2938:Europe
2504:
2496:
2366:
2341:
2244:about
2228:
2163:23 May
1890:
1751:
1743:
1365:Family
1333:Salina
1310:Kansas
1185:Apache
1139:Pawnee
808:Kansas
806:, and
784:Mexico
736:Cíbola
673:Jewish
629:under
394:People
327:Muisca
231:Kansas
227:Mexico
173:
4905:Chile
4873:Petén
4848:Aztec
4667:Bahia
4642:Penco
4632:Cusco
4560:Downs
4540:Tunis
4459:Ceuta
4444:Breda
4394:Malta
4374:Tunis
4369:Pavia
3883:Trade
3798:Quito
3763:Cusco
3602:Chile
3337:Tunis
3284:Palau
3201:Chile
3132:Aruba
3127:Haiti
3061:]
2990:Milan
2948:Spain
2508:pbk.)
2372:Ebook
2289:Ebook
2158:Https
1749:S2CID
1741:JSTOR
1444:near
1314:Lyons
1231:Texas
1197:Teyas
1169:bison
1101:near
1053:, by
894:Nexpa
800:Texas
662:Picón
364:Petén
339:Texas
310:Chile
176:Spain
4910:Inca
4853:Maya
4788:Guam
4721:Lost
4493:Lost
4414:Mons
3854:Real
3778:Lima
3665:Cuba
3607:Cuba
3579:Perú
3355:and
3353:Ifni
3345:Oran
3268:Guam
3197:Acre
3193:Peru
3103:Cuba
2982:and
2502:ISBN
2494:ISBN
2364:ISBN
2339:ISBN
2226:ISBN
2204:IMDb
2184:IMDb
2165:2017
1888:ISBN
1869:link
1855:2012
1725:Kiva
1660:2014
1562:Zuni
1376:and
1160:and
1152:and
1039:and
999:Hopi
984:Zuni
967:DjVu
931:Zuni
921:and
740:Zuni
718:and
710:and
656:and
349:Maya
127:Died
111:1510
107:1510
104:Born
4615:Won
4342:Won
3450:Law
3347:,
3067:),
3048:),
2370:).
1733:doi
1556:by
1335:or
1279:by
1237:in
1225:in
1137:or
1078:in
790:of
702:of
253:.
45:on
5063::
3351:,
3343:,
3339:,
3335:,
3331:,
3327:,
3282:,
3278:,
3274:,
3270:,
3266:,
3229:,
3217:,
3213:,
3199:,
3185:,
3181:,
3177:,
3109:,
3105:,
3059:es
3052:,
2978:,
2715:,
2644:.
2500:,
2201:.
2181:.
2156:.
2138:.
2086:^
1865:}}
1861:{{
1747:.
1739:.
1729:71
1727:.
1695:^
1642:^
1550:,
1543:.
1466:.
1229:,
1082:.
802:,
798:,
794:,
706:,
644:,
139:,
119:,
41:,
3359:)
3286:)
3262:(
3250:)
3233:)
3209:(
3203:)
3173:(
3113:)
3101:(
3071:)
3036:(
2986:)
2678:e
2671:t
2664:v
2308:.
2207:.
2187:.
2167:.
2142:.
1896:.
1871:)
1857:.
1755:.
1735::
1662:.
1065:.
965:(
821:(
810:.
605:e
598:t
591:v
212:(
113:)
49:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
