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80:. Archer was experimenting with photography as early as 1915, when he made a portrait of Edward Weston. Archer served in a military aerial photography unit in France in World War I, and returned to the United States in May, 1919. He began studying commercial art, and photography was at that time a hobby of his. In less than a year, Archer gained critical attention in two east coast photography journals,
57:, whose portrait he took, Archer was known as one of the "two big names in art photography in those days out on the west coast". He socialized with and exchanged ideas with many other artists and intellectuals in Los Angeles for decades. He was "without a doubt, the individual with the longest history of participation in the Southern California Salon movement."
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years to gain acceptance among the arts and the struggle has been long and hard. It is only within the last few years that photography has been raised from pure mechanics and given its well deserved place with the other arts." Their slogan was "the still sells the movies" which was a
Hollywood truism for many years.
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Ansel Adams went out of his way to give Archer equal credit for the Zone System: "I take this opportunity to restate that the Zone System is not an invention of mine; it is a codification of the principles of sensitometry, worked out by Fred Archer and myself at the Art Center School in Los
Angeles,
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Their article described the importance of still photography in advertising, marketing, production reference work and trick photography. According to Archer and Fryer, "A good 'still' will attract and hold attention where many poor ones will receive but a passing glance. Photography has striven for
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The Los
Angeles County Museum of Art has seven photos by Archer in its permanent collection, including a self-portrait, described as a "surrealistic image of his face merging with the front of a large format camera and an obedient fly resting on his trigger finger".
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131:. Archer was considered "for many years a popular teacher and lecturer" who then went on to serve as director of education at his own Fred Archer School of Photography in Los Angeles, which he founded after World War II.
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In 1928, he wrote an influential article along with fellow photographer Elmer Fryer called "Still photography in motion picture work". Fryer succeeded Archer as head of photography at Warner
Brothers in 1929.
166:, and provides photographers with a systematic method of precisely defining the relationship between the way they visualize the photographic subject and the final results. Although it originated with
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218:, was published in 1948. The book was a "popular text" that "remained in print for a number of years", and was reviewed in several national photography magazines.
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Archer's photos were featured in a 1980-1981 show "Southern
California Photography, 1900-1965: An Historical Survey" at the
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and was promoted to head the department the following year. He soon moved on to motion picture photography.
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Hollywood glamour, 1924-1956: selected portraits from the
Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research
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In 1935, Archer helped found the photography department and served as professor of photography at the
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411:: Camera Club of New York, Boston Photo-Clan, Photo-Pictorialists of Buffalo: 495–496. January 1920
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30:(December 3, 1889 – April 27, 1963), was an American photographer who collaborated with
50:. He later became a photography teacher, and ran his own photography school for many years.
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In 1959, Archer won the annual
Stuyvesant Peabody Memorial Award, given to a member of the
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The camera i: photographic self-portraits from the Audrey and Sydney Irmas
Collection
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173:, the Zone System is also applicable to roll film, both black-and-white and color,
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In the early 1920s, he was hired as assistant head of the Art Title
Department for
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movie stars. He was associated with the artistic trend in photography known as
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111:. He also became a pioneer of advertising photography on the west coast.
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California dreamin': camera clubs and the pictorial photography tradition
185:. Archer and Adams formulated the system while teaching together at the
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257:. The show was part of the bicentennial celebration of Los Angeles.
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He was born on
December 3, 1889, in Georgia, and his family moved to
311:
Dailey, Victoria; Shivers, Natalie Wilkins; Dawson, Michael (2003).
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690:. Vol. 30. Scholastic Library Publishing. 2006. p. 137.
626:"NEW PHOTO LITERATURE; Additions to Technical Bookshelf Published"
202:
64:
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230:"who has contributed significantly to Pictorial Photography".
856:"Search Results: Fred R. Archer (United States, 1889 - 1963)"
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as a portrait photographer until 1929, and later worked for
790:"Recognition of Service: Society Recognition Awards (SRA)"
765:
Zone systemizer for creative photographic control, Part 1
525:
Transactions of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers
723:...Ansel Adams' zone system, formulated in 1939–1940.
464:
Ruth Harriet Louise and Hollywood glamour photography
139:Archer collaborated with Ansel Adams to codify the
42:, specializing early in his career in portraits of
314:LA's early moderns: art, architecture, photography
158:. The technique is based on the late 19th century
589:"Judges Select Winners of 'Times' Photo Contest"
436:Photo-Era: The American Journal of Photography
289:(11). Photographic Society of America: 166–169
741:. Random House Digital, Inc. pp. 84–95.
652:Sobieszek, Robert A.; Irmas, Deborah (1994).
8:
762:Dowdell, John J.; Zakia, Richard D. (1973).
72:, taken by Fred Archer in approximately 1915
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548:
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521:"Still Photography in Motion Picture Work"
702:By 1939 he had devised the Zone System...
461:Dance, Robert; Robertson, Bruce (2002).
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553:McCarroll, Stacey; Sichel, Kim (2004).
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519:Archer, Fred R.; Fryer, Elmer (1928).
820:"Art Museum to Hold Photography Show"
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624:Deschin, Jacob (November 28, 1954).
601:. September 20, 1936. Archived from
23:1946 self-portrait of Fred R. Archer
895:20th-century American photographers
910:ArtCenter College of Design people
832:. December 4, 1980. Archived from
768:. Morgan & Morgan. p. 6.
147:technique for determining optimal
14:
864:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
664:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
235:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
905:American portrait photographers
794:Photographic Society of America
492:Elvehjem Museum of Art (1987).
228:Photographic Society of America
99:Hollywood portrait photographer
900:Photographers from Los Angeles
711:. Academic Press. p. 72.
469:University of California Press
317:. Balcony Press. p. 264.
279:"Them was the days – Part III"
123:Teacher and photography school
1:
565:Boston University Art Gallery
430:Rypinski, M. C. (June 1920).
347:. May 1, 1963. Archived from
707:Robinson, Edward M. (2007).
442:(6). Wilfred A. French: 275
432:"The 1920 Pittsburgh Salon"
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216:Fred Archer on Portraiture
209:Fred Archer on Portraiture
198:Fred Archer on Portraiture
277:Buffum, Jesse H. (1949).
860:LACMA Collections Online
498:. Chazen Museum of Art.
379:"Profile of Fred Archer"
237:, alongside the work of
735:Simmons, Steve (1992).
709:Crime scene photography
78:Los Angeles, California
796:. 2011. Archived from
688:Encyclopedia Americana
211:
73:
24:
738:Using the View Camera
377:Maloney, Tom (1943).
206:
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40:portrait photographer
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16:American photographer
401:American Photography
214:Archer's only book,
164:Hurter and Driffield
82:American Photography
836:on November 7, 2012
605:on January 31, 2013
397:"Our illustrations"
351:on November 7, 2012
183:digital photography
800:on August 11, 2011
636:New York, New York
471:. pp. 92–93.
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109:Paramount Pictures
93:Universal Pictures
86:Photo-era Magazine
74:
28:Fred Robert Archer
25:
825:Los Angeles Times
775:978-0-87100-040-8
748:978-0-8174-6353-3
718:978-0-12-369383-9
594:Los Angeles Times
574:978-1-881450-21-4
478:978-0-520-23347-8
344:Los Angeles Times
255:Imogen Cunningham
193:around 1939-40."
187:Art Center School
129:Art Center School
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867:. Retrieved
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838:. Retrieved
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247:Robert Frank
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160:sensitometry
145:photographic
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48:pictorialism
38:. He was a
27:
26:
920:1963 deaths
915:1889 births
830:Los Angeles
660:Los Angeles
599:Los Angeles
383:U.S. Camera
283:PSA Journal
251:Diane Arbus
162:studies of
156:development
141:Zone System
135:Zone System
53:Along with
36:Zone System
32:Ansel Adams
889:Categories
869:August 28,
840:August 28,
804:August 28,
609:August 28,
446:August 28,
415:August 28,
339:"Obituary"
293:August 28,
265:References
171:sheet film
61:Early life
207:Cover of
181:, and to
44:Hollywood
355:July 31,
179:reversal
175:negative
152:exposure
243:Man Ray
772:
745:
715:
694:
670:
571:
561:Boston
502:
475:
409:Boston
385:: 193.
321:
253:, and
222:Legacy
407:(1).
871:2011
842:2011
806:2011
770:ISBN
743:ISBN
713:ISBN
692:ISBN
668:ISBN
611:2011
569:ISBN
500:ISBN
473:ISBN
448:2011
440:XLIV
417:2011
357:2011
319:ISBN
295:2011
177:and
154:and
149:film
84:and
533:doi
891::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
