602:
Despite Army regulations against segregation, the two officer clubs were, in practice, segregated between white officers in command and the black aviators in training, which caused much racial tension in the unit. A so-called "mutiny" at
Freeman took place on 5 April 1945 when three black aviator officers attempted to enter Officer Club 2. They were placed under arrest and ordered confined to quarters. The next night, an additional 58 additional black aviator officers attempted to enter the club, which led to physical violence and over sixty personnel were arrested. In response, an investigation was made and the unit commander drafted a new regulation, Base Regulation 85-2, which confirmed segregation of club facilities, which the black aviator officers were asked to sign and acknowledge. One hundred one black officers refused to sign the regulation and were placed under arrest in quarters.
676:, and when the field could no longer handle additional aircraft, many were sent to Freeman Field to the foreign technology evaluation center established there. Most of the foreign airplanes were German, but there were also Japanese, Italian and English planes. Nowhere in the United States would there be such large numbers of foreign aircraft, many of which were rare and incredible advanced for their time, In addition, there were warehouses full of Luftwaffe equipment. Forty-seven personnel were engaged in the identification, inspection and warehousing of captured foreign equipment. Freeman Field was also charged with the mission to receive and catalogue United States equipment for display at the present and for the future AAF museum.
429:
paper, and non-masonry siding. The use of concrete and steel was limited because of the critical need elsewhere. Most buildings were hot and dusty in the summer and very cold in the winter. Water, sewer and electrical services were also constructed. The airfield consisted of runways in a "star" layout consisting of four 5,500 x 150' runways laid out in a north/south, northeast/southwest, east/west and a northwest/southeast direction. An extra-large parking ramp was constructed to accommodate large numbers of training aircraft, several hangars, a control tower and other auxiliary support aircraft buildings.
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748:'s Company C, 38th Support Battalion (Main) also has an armory on the former base. Also, Freeman Army Air Field Museum is located near the airport office. The museum contains a large collection of memorabilia that has been collected and donated by flyers who were stationed there and other interested persons.
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Twin-engine training ended in May 1944 and AAFTC initiated helicopter training at
Freeman Field in June 1944. Freeman was the first helicopter base in the AAF, The first instructor pilots arrived on 30 June and preparations for the helicopter training were made in great secrecy, as in 1944 very few
751:
Several groups are engaged in locating and recovering any aviation artifacts from the aircraft which were destroyed and buried in 1946. The groups are currently in communication with former base personnel, local eyewitnesses, and historians in order to get a comprehensive picture of where the burial
719:
In addition to the captured aircraft, there was the task of disposing all of the equipment and other surplus material at the field, including the physical buildings. Sales were held throughout 1946 for scrap lumber of torn down buildings, fence posts, barbed wire and other items which no longer had
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as an
Operational Training airfield. Throughout World War II, continued pressure from African-American civilian leaders led the Army to allow blacks to train as members of bomber crews, a step that opened many more skilled combat roles to them. In response to this pressure, the mission of the base
601:
The 477th ground echelon began moving by train to
Freeman Field on 1 March 1945. The unit consisted of about 1,300 black airmen. The B-25 squadrons arrived at the field during the first week of March. Freeman had two officer clubs: Officer Club 1 for trainees, and Officer Club 2 for instructors.
259:
The base was established in 1942 as a pilot training airfield. It was also the first military helicopter pilot training airfield. In 1944, black bomber pilots were trained at
Freeman, and it was the scene of a racial incident that outraged many Americans and led to the military re-evaluating its
605:
All of the arrested were transferred to Godman Field where they were held awaiting court-martial. Training of the unit at
Freeman was immediately halted. Later in April, under public pressure charges were dropped against all except the original three. Of these, one was tried and fined $ 150 for
486:
trainers had arrived by the end of
February 1943. The first flying cadets, who had just graduated from AAFTC advanced single-engine schools arrived on 2 March were formed as class 43-D. Night training commenced on 5 April. The first class was graduated on 29 April and the graduated went on to fly
304:
Initial surveys of the area were made in April 1942 and the present site of
Freeman Municipal Airport was selected for construction. The selected site was announced on 3 April 1942. Army Air Forces officials met with local landowners to obtain rights to a single tract of 2,500 acres for the main
428:
The first construction for the new airfield began in late June 1942 with construction proceeding throughout the summer. It included more than one hundred buildings, all intended to be temporary. Station buildings and streets were also constructed, the buildings consisting primarily of wood, tar
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As a result of the protest, the 477th was reassigned back to Godman Field by the end of April 1945, and two of its four bomb squadrons (the 616th and 619th) inactivated. The protests by black officers at
Freeman Field against the segregated facilities made headlines throughout the nation, and
743:
Today much of the former
Freeman Army Airfield is leased to farmers who grow corn and soy beans on it. The runways are still there although two are shut down. Most of the station area is an industrial park. There are about a dozen buildings that remain from the former Army Airfield. The
739:
The WAA determined the post-war use of the land and structures: 2,241 acres (9.07 km) for a municipal airport for Seymour; more than 240 acres (0.97 km) for agricultural training in the Seymour Community Schools; and the Seymour Industrial Association received more than 60 acres
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The first helicopter class began training in July, graduating on 13 August. The training program continued throughout the balance of 1944, the last class (44-K) graduating on 1 February 1945. In January 1945, AAFTC moved the training to
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The evaluation center was the last United States Air Force operation at Freeman Field. By the middle of 1946, the program was winding down and efforts began to dispose of the surplus captured equipment. The larger aircraft were sent to
499:, and various other medium bombers and transport aircraft. Twin-engine training continued with a total of 19 classes of students being graduated from Freeman Field. The last graduates were in May 1944 (Class 44-K); 4,245 total cadets.
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Not all of the captured planes assigned to Freeman were transferred. Some which were left at the field were destroyed or buried. Examples of aircraft that have no record of leaving Freeman Field are a
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On 11 June, Freeman was re-activated by ATSC as the Foreign Aircraft Evaluation Center for the Air Force. After the end of the war in Europe, captured German and Italian aircraft were collected by "
590:, Indiana, in August 1944 for training. In March 1945 the 477th reached its full combat strength and the two squadrons in training at Atterbury were moved to Freeman Field to consolidate with the
467:. The 447th Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron was activated on 2 October 1942, and the airfield was activated on 1 December 1942, with the first troops began arriving on 8 December 1942.
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659:". These aircraft were shipped to the United States for evaluation. Freeman had plentiful empty space which could be used to store these aircraft and perform evaluation flights.
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that were moved to Freeman from Godman. The entire group was assembled for final group training at Freeman and it was scheduled to deploy overseas in into combat on 1 July.
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people had seen one and the technology was new and revolutionary. The group assigned to coordinate their arrival was known as "Section B-O". A total of six
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racial policies. After the war, captured German, Italian and Japanese aircraft were brought to the base for evaluation and testing. It was closed in 1946.
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On 1 February 1945 plans were changed by HQ Army Air Forces and Freeman Field was not to be inactivated. Jurisdiction of the facility was transferred to
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near Detroit, Michigan. On 5 May possibly out of fear of a repeat of the summer 1943 race riot in nearby Detroit, the 477th was abruptly relocated to
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to Seymour, Indiana. In July 1947, a flight training school for former servicemen was set up and over 70 students took pilot training at the field.
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With the 477th moved to Kentucky, on 2 May 1945, Freeman Field was placed on Standby Status, with jurisdiction of the facility being transferred to
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The mission of Freeman AAF was a twin-engine advanced aircraft training school. Most of the initial staffing cadre of the faculty was drawn from
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With the end of helicopter training, Freeman Field's training mission was closed down and the facility was to be transferred as excess to
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2014:
280:, and was one of the pioneers of the Army Air Mail Service. Captain Freeman was killed on 6 February 1941 in the crash of a
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Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History.
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Freeman Army Airfield was named in honor of Captain Richard S. Freeman. A native of Indiana and 1930 graduate of
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In 1945 the enemy aircraft shipped to the United States were divided between the Navy and the Army Air Forces.
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airfield and support base, along with five additional tracts for auxiliary landing fields near Walesboro
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War Department General Order Number 10, dated 3 March 1943, announced that the airfield was to be named
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Godman's was not suitable for B-25 training and to accommodate the 477th, two of the squadrons, the
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Jackson County, Indiana, History Archive, Browsing folder : Government: Freeman Field, Seymour
732:(WAA) for disposal. Throughout 1947, buildings and equipment were sold. Freeman Field was deeded
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A helicopters were assigned for training, flown directly to Freeman from the Sikorsky plant at
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in honor of the Indiana native killed in a 1941 B-17 crash. Captain Freeman helped establish
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Freeman Field was closed and declared surplus on 30 December 1946 and was turned over to the
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917:"WW2 Military Airfields including Auxiliaries and Support fields Idaho – New Hampshire"
740:(240,000 m) to develop an industrial park. It was formally sold in November 1948.
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ordered the preservation of one of every type of aircraft used by the enemy forces.
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1116:"'Blacks Must Wage Two Wars:' The Freeman Field Uprising & WWII Desegregation"
951:, Air Force History and Museums Program, United States Air Force, Washington DC.
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a useful need. The last airmen left Freeman Army Airfield on 27 November 1946.
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helped focus a re-thinking of the racial segregation policies of the military.
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1080th Twin-Engine Pilot were established at Freeman Field, and a total of 250
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and sabotage was suspected as the cause of the crash, but never was proven.
1029:. Office of History and Research, Headquarters, AETC, Randolph AFB, Texas
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511:. This was the longest long-distance flight of helicopters at the time.
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just outside Fairbanks, Alaska. He was Ladd Field's first commander.
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Transportation buildings and structures in Jackson County, Indiana
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1100:– Many photos of Luftwaffe planes at Freeman Field in 1945/1946.
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base. It is located 2.6 miles (4.2 km) south-southwest of
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was activated to train African-American aviators on B-25s at
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Staggs, Brad (June 2012). "An airport's military origins".
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Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in Indiana
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History of Air Education and Training Command, 1942–2002
292:, Ohio. The aircraft was equipped with the top secret
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The airfield was placed under the jurisdiction of the
478:. Five training squadrons, the 466th, 467th, 1078th,
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899:Volume 2. Pictorial Histories Publishing, Missoula
672:Initially, the Air Force brought their aircraft to
237:For the civil use of this facility after 1946, see
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752:pits are located and what items were put in them.
1111:Freeman AAF/Freeman Field – IndianaMilitary.org
1002:Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II
949:Locating Air Force Base Sites, History’s Legacy
1335:First Air Force Replacement Training Stations
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187:Location of Freeman Army Airfield, Indiana
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1081:About the Freeman Field Municipal Airport
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561:477th Bombardment (later Composite) Group
552:was changed to training black airmen for
783:30th Flying Training Wing (World War II)
1331:First Air Force Group Training Stations
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1004:, Office of Air Force history (1982).
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828:. Camp Atterbury, Indiana. p. 10.
2081:Military installations closed in 1946
461:33d Twin Engine Flying Training Group
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804:Air Force Historical Research Agency
778:Indiana World War II Army Airfields
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1340:First Air Force Tactical Airfields
1264:Western Technical Training Command
1259:Central Technical Training Command
1254:Eastern Technical Training Command
851:"History of Freeman Army Airfield"
621:Foreign Aircraft Evaluation Center
487:multi-engine aircraft such as the
25:
2096:1946 disestablishments in Indiana
2086:Military installations in Indiana
708:rocket-powered interceptors, two
700:radar-equipped night fighter; an
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1158:Army Air Forces Training Command
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798: This article incorporates
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716:two-engine multi-role aircraft.
465:Army Air Forces Training Command
448:Army Air Forces Training Command
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1189:Western Flying Training Command
1184:Central Flying Training Command
1179:Eastern Flying Training Command
2071:1942 establishments in Indiana
385:, Kentucky, Zenas and Valonia
1:
1968:United States Army Air Forces
1051:"38th Main Support Battalion"
704:twin-engined jet bomber, two
615:Air Technical Service Command
524:Air Technical Service Command
250:United States Army Air Forces
1397:I Ground Air Support Command
696:experimental interceptor; a
1118:, Indiana Historical Bureau
1025:Manning, Thomas A. (2005),
947:Shaw, Frederick J. (2004),
897:Forgotten Fields Of America
596:617th Bombardment Squadrons
225:GPX (secondary coordinates)
54:Freeman Army Airfield, 1946
27:Former US military facility
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584:619th Bombardment Squadron
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274:Distinguished Flying Cross
1963:
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730:War Assets Administration
239:Freeman Municipal Airport
220:GPX (primary coordinates)
195:Map all coordinates using
47:
37:
1098:Freeman Field Air Museum
606:violence against an MP.
559:On 15 January 1944, the
526:effective 1 March 1945.
484:Beechcraft AT-10 Wichita
203:Download coordinates as:
1064:City of Freeman website
1000:Maurer, Maurer (1982).
588:Atterbury Army Airfield
509:Bridgeport, Connecticut
109:Army Air Force Airfield
800:public domain material
746:Indiana National Guard
734:as a municipal airport
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639:at Freeman Field, 1945
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345:, Grammer, St. Thomas
1345:Freeman Army Airfield
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556:medium bomber crews.
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434:Freeman Army Airfield
405:38.77694°N 86.11444°W
365:39.04444°N 85.60639°W
272:, he was awarded the
246:Freeman Army Airfield
215:GPX (all coordinates)
82:38.92472°N 85.90833°W
33:Freeman Army Airfield
1947:Freeman Field Mutiny
1458:Philadelphia Fighter
1350:Godman Army Airfield
706:Messerschmitt Me 163
536:Freeman Field Mutiny
493:B-17 Flying Fortress
325:39.14278°N 5.92361°W
284:(B-17B 38-216) near
282:B-17 Flying Fortress
184:class=notpageimage|
1905:441st Troop Carrier
1900:440th Troop Carrier
1895:439th Troop Carrier
1890:438th Troop Carrier
1885:437th Troop Carrier
1880:436th Troop Carrier
1875:435th Troop Carrier
1870:434th Troop Carrier
1855:375th Troop Carrier
1850:349th Troop Carrier
1845:317th Troop Carrier
1840:316th Troop Carrier
1835:315th Troop Carrier
1830:314th Troop Carrier
1825:313th Troop Carrier
1774:26th Reconnaissance
1198:Specialized schools
895:Thole, Lou (2001),
712:interceptors and a
682:Davis-Monthan Field
472:Craig Army Airfield
410:38.77694; -86.11444
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370:39.04444; -85.60639
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87:38.92472; -85.90833
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1910:442d Troop Carrier
1865:433d Troop Carrier
1860:403d Troop Carrier
1820:89th Troop Carrier
1805:61st Troop Carrier
1800:60th Troop Carrier
1795:10th Troop Carrier
1779:73d Reconnaissance
1438:61st Troop Carrier
1433:60th Troop Carrier
1418:50th Troop Carrier
1413:25th Antisubmarine
1247:Technical training
1086:2011-01-15 at the
1069:2011-05-01 at the
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497:B-29 Superfortress
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376:St. Thomas Aux Fld
330:39.14278; -5.92361
288:while en route to
276:, was awarded the
131:United States Army
119:Controlled by
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1815:63d Troop Carrier
1810:62d Troop Carrier
1546:471st Bombardment
1541:460th Bombardment
1536:459th Bombardment
1531:455th Bombardment
1521:400th Bombardment
1511:301st Bombardment
1428:53d Troop Carrier
1423:52d Troop Carrier
1392:I Fighter Command
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710:Focke-Wulf Fw 190
440:which is today's
336:Walesboro Aux Fld
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16:(Redirected from
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1562:1st Combat Cargo
1526:402d Bombardment
1516:302d Bombardment
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1387:I Bomber Command
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18:Freeman Field
1967:
1748:402d Fighter
1743:373d Fighter
1713:362d Fighter
1683:353d Fighter
1678:352d Fighter
1668:332d Fighter
1643:87th Fighter
1633:80th Fighter
1628:79th Fighter
1623:59th Fighter
1618:58th Fighter
1613:57th Fighter
1608:56th Fighter
1593:31st Fighter
1555:Combat Cargo
1344:
1318:World War II
1059:
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948:
925:. Retrieved
921:the original
911:
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865:. Retrieved
858:the original
825:
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727:
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702:Arado Ar 234
690:
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674:Wright Field
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575:, Kentucky.
569:Godman Field
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505:Sikorsky R-4
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300:World War II
290:Wright Field
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137:Site history
39:Located in:
1638:83d Fighter
1603:52d Fighter
1598:33d Fighter
1588:8th Fighter
1474:Bombardment
617:on 15 May.
408: /
368: /
328: /
176:Freeman AAF
150:In use
93:Freeman AAF
85: /
60:Coordinates
2065:Categories
2040:Fourteenth
2035:Thirteenth
1205:Bombardier
961:1050653629
927:2011-05-01
905:B001KS2PLS
867:2011-05-01
789:References
667:Hap Arnold
651:jet bomber
534:See also:
438:Ladd Field
414: (
395:86°06′52″W
392:38°46′37″N
374: (
355:85°36′23″W
352:39°02′40″N
334: (
315:05°55′25″W
312:39°08′34″N
270:West Point
91: (
72:85°54′30″W
69:38°55′29″N
2050:Twentieth
2045:Fifteenth
1940:Incidents
1325:Airfields
1225:Navigator
826:The Crier
573:Fort Knox
153:1942–1946
2025:Eleventh
1380:Commands
1084:Archived
1067:Archived
1039:29991467
1035:71006954
957:57007862
756:See also
2030:Twelfth
2005:Seventh
1581:Fighter
1220:Gunnery
724:Closure
686:Arizona
664:General
474:, near
264:History
2010:Eighth
1990:Fourth
1980:Second
1467:Groups
1033:
1008:
980:
955:
903:
480:1079th
128:
2020:Tenth
2015:Ninth
2000:Sixth
1995:Fifth
1985:Third
1975:First
1919:Other
1406:Wings
1373:Units
1311:USAAF
861:(PDF)
854:(PDF)
592:616th
580:618th
142:Built
1031:OCLC
1006:ISBN
978:ISBN
953:OCLC
901:ASIN
594:and
582:and
145:1942
106:Type
1316:in
571:at
210:KML
2067::
1037:,
1016:^
989:^
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684:,
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256:.
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930:.
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418:)
378:)
338:)
95:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
