245:, guard nests are able to differentiate and either accept or reject individuals. However, this was shown to work best on older non-nestmate individuals. Newly emerged worker bees do produce a specific hydrocarbon based on which colony they emerged from. Since these worker bees are freshly emerged, there has not been enough time passed for them to start producing the same chemicals as the rest of their colony and therefore, the guard bees are not able to differentiate between newly emerged nestmates and non-nestmates.
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33:
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compared to any other bee (worker, male, or virgin queen bees). Having a different chemical make up from the worker bees may indicate that this allows for worker-queen interactions to take place. The worker bees will be able to pick up on the pheromones the queen is releasing and begin the processes
319:
are found in urban environments as the resources they require are available here. These bees are able to use the urban environments to gain access to many different species of flowering plants. However, many worker bees generally collected from three species of flowering plants,
222:, chemical communication is the most evolved form of communication. The chemicals produced for this type of communication are called hydrocarbons, that come from cuticular lipids. These chemicals produce can communicate certain things such as age, sex, reproductive status,
258:
compounds. However, as the bees age, the worker bees have a higher diversity of chemical compounds compared to males of equal age. Based on the different chemical compounds found in the different sexes and age groups, it is believed that
303:
While there is no difference in external anatomy of queen bees to worker bees, during the pupal phase queen bee reproductive organs develop where the worker bee reproductive organs do not. In the female worker bees, the
732:
Alexio, K.; de Faria, L.; Garófalo, C.; Imperatriz
Fonseca, V.; da Silva, C. (2013). "Pollen Collected and Foraging Activities of Frieseomelitta varia (Lepeletier)(Hymenoptera: Apidae) in an Urban Landscape".
253:
There is a difference in the number and chemical makeup of the hydrocarbons in worker and male bees. Young worker bees have fewer chemical compounds than males of the same age. Young bees also have more short
670:
Boleli, I.; Paulino-Simões, Z.; Bitondi, M. (2000). "Regression of the
Lateral Oviducts During the Larval-Adult Transformation of the Reproductive System of Melipona quadrifasciata and Frieseomelitta varia".
164:
1138:
349:
was able to inhibit bacteria growth in a laboratory setting. This finding has potential to adding to our pharmaceutical industry producing an antibiotic that can help fight bacterias such as
581:
Couvillon, M.; Ratnieks, F. (2007). "Odour
Transfer in Stingless Bee Marmelada (Frieseomelitta varia) Demonstrates that Entrance Guards Use an "Undesirable-Absent" Recognition System".
241:, called guards, protect their nest and colony from any individual that does not belong to said colony, called non-nestmates. Through olfactory senses and cuticular lipids produced by
619:
Nunes, T.; Turatti, I.; Lopes, N.; Zucchi, R. (2009). "Chemical
Signals in the Stingless Bee, Frieseomelitta varia, Indicate Caste, Gender, Age, and Reproductive Status".
944:
793:
da Silva, J.; Barchuk, A.; Wolowski, M. (2022). "Protocol for the in vitro rearing of
Frieseomelitta varia workers (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)".
1024:
905:
1037:
931:
686:
Boleli, I.; Paulino-Simões, Z.; Bitondi, M. (1999). "Cell Death in
Ovarioles Causes Permanent Sterility in Frieseomelitta varia Worker Bees".
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Queen bees have an entirely different chemical make up from the worker and male bees. It has been shown that virgin queen bees and
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However, there is currently no feasible way to rear worker bees in a laboratory setting. It has been shown that the propolis from
474:"Nestmate Recognition in the Stingless Bee Frieseomelitta varia (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini): Sources of Chemical Signals"
1128:
1042:
936:
52:
949:
762:"Occurrence of Podocarpus sp (Podocarpaccae) Pollen on Frieseomelitta varia Lepeletier 1836 (Apidae: Meliponinae)"
1092:
285:
513:
Howard, R.; Blomquist, G. (2005). "Ecological, Behavioral, and
Biochemical Aspects of Insect Hydrocarbons".
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If you, or anyone you know, have observed one of these bees, you can upload photos of your observation to
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queens have different chemical compounds that are produced. Physogastric queens have a higher presence of
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Campos, V.; dos Santos, H.; Oliveira, D.; de
Carvalho, H.; Machado, A.; Tirelli, A. (2011).
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Campos, V.; Santos Júnior, H.; Oliveira, D.; Carvelho, H.; Machado, A.; Tirelli, A. (2011).
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have 15 glands on their legs, some of which are thought to be used to produce pheromones.
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are prearranged to go through a process of cell death, leaving the worker bees sterile.
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10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199912)242:3<271::AID-JMOR6>3.0.CO;2-7
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864:
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550:"Exocrine Glands in the Legs of the Stingless Bee Frieseomelitta varia"
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814:"Antibacterial Activity of Propolis Produced by Frieseomelitta varia"
436:"Antibacterial Activity of Propolis Produced by Frieseomellita varia"
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Nunes, T.; Mateus, S.; Turatti, I.; Morgan, E.; Zucchi, R. (2011).
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There is still a lot that can and should be learned about
403:"The Stingless Bee Fauna In Brazil (Hymenoptera: Apidae)"
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986:
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263:bees can recognize the sex and age of another bee.
1139:Taxa named by Amédée Louis Michel le Peletier
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8:
226:, and which colony the individual is from.
187:: "yellow marmalade bee"), is a species of
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747:10.13102/sociobiology.v60i3.266-276
583:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
567:10.13102/sociobiology.v61i4.386-392
420:10.13102/sociobiology.v61i4.348-354
1072:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
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548:Billen, J.; Plancken, L. (2014).
51:
831:10.1590/S1413-70542011000600002
779:10.1590/S0102-33062010000200024
453:10.1590/S1413-70542011000600002
1:
491:10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.11.020
1124:Hymenoptera of South America
401:Pedro, Silvia R. M. (2014).
621:Journal of Chemical Ecology
515:Annual Review of Entomology
1160:
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760:Marques-Souza, A. (2010).
299:Female reproductive organs
1134:Insects described in 1836
641:10.1007/s10886-009-9691-8
595:10.1007/s00265-007-0537-5
280:that help the queen with
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48:Scientific classification
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39:
30:
23:
818:Ciencia e Agrotecnologia
440:Ciência e Agrotecnologia
325:, Poincianella pluviosa,
181:abelha marmelada-amarela
179:, commonly known as the
766:Acta Botanica Brasilica
360:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
214:Chemical Communication
1129:Hymenoptera of Brazil
688:Journal of Morphology
673:Journal of Morphology
367:Staphylococcus aureus
343:Frieseomellita varia.
234:Nest-mate recognition
856:Frieseomelitta varia
352:Aeromonas hydrophila
185:Brazilian Portuguese
176:Frieseomelitta varia
157:Frieseomelitta varia
41:Frieseomelitta varia
25:Frieseomelitta varia
795:Zoologia (Curitiba)
633:2009JCEco..35.1172N
249:Sex identification
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971:Open Tree of Life
848:Taxon identifiers
627:(10): 1172–1180.
356:Bacillus subtilis
312:Pollen Collection
267:Queen recognition
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148:Binomial name
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919:iNaturalist
772:: 558–566.
560:: 386–392.
521:: 371–393.
382:iNaturalist
282:oviposition
277:pentacosane
239:Worker bees
105:Hymenoptera
1119:Meliponini
1113:Categories
675:: 142–151.
388:References
293:Morphology
200:Meliponini
198:and tribe
165:Lepeletier
85:Arthropoda
1003:Q10328398
306:ovarioles
133:Species:
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1030:11100972
997:Wikidata
871:Q1867706
865:Wikidata
716:23464489
708:10580265
657:20778841
649:19813058
603:20320948
535:15355247
500:12586595
347:F. varia
317:F. varia
261:F. varia
243:F. varia
228:F. varia
204:F. varia
189:eusocial
111:Family:
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
1043:1127196
924:1118549
911:1344799
898:2757414
629:Bibcode
167:, 1836)
121:Genus:
101:Order:
95:Insecta
91:Class:
1066:Apidae
976:451551
963:166852
950:561572
937:763752
801:: 1–8.
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655:
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601:
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256:alkane
208:Brazil
196:Apidae
115:Apidae
1064:This
1017:3ZJBH
885:6JPQ7
712:S2CID
653:S2CID
599:S2CID
496:S2CID
224:caste
1070:stub
1038:ITIS
1025:GBIF
945:NCBI
932:ITIS
906:GBIF
704:PMID
645:PMID
531:PMID
364:and
327:and
284:and
1012:CoL
893:EoL
880:CoL
826:doi
774:doi
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