395:
months of the year, the company transported 120,172 bpd of oil through various pipeline systems, two thirds of which went through the ocensa pipeline and another 14,204 bpd via trucks. For the third quarter total field production was 219,136 bpd up 52%. Its share net of internal consumption after royalties was 87,159 bpd up 54.5%, 30,577 bpd of which came from new production
Rubiales and Quifa (up from 19,241 bpd from 1,754 bpd). At an average sales price of $ 94.67/bbl (up 39%) that gave it revenue of $ 2.369 billion (up 107%). For the 2010 year, total net production was 56,974 boe/d, 67% higher than in 2009; Most of the increase came from growth at the Rubiales heavy oil field. Although revenue was 173% higher in the first half of 2010 than in the first half of 2009 net income continued to be weighed down by depreciation, amortization and foreign exchange losses (though the company rebounded from a $ 65.9 million net loss in the first half of 2009).
326:
or 40 million barrels in six months. In
September 2011 net reserves stood at 341.73 million boe, slightly lower than the previous quarter due to a decline in heavy oil reserves. For the 2011 fiscal year, 75.7% of total field production of 165,446 bbls/d came from the Rubiales/Piriri field (up 34% on the year). Quifa was second at 36,496 bbls/d (up 657%). Share after royalties averaged over 2011; 63% came from Rubiales/Piriri (54,802 bbls/d up 29%), 22% from Quifa (19,181 b/d up 629%), 12% from La Creciente (10,584 b/d up 7% after being up 34% in 2010). As of September 30, 2011 net reserves are 341.73 mboe, up from 269 mboe in December 2010. In 2011, fields that Pacific Rubiales has a joint or majority interest in accounted for just under 20% of Colombia's oil output. Since October 2010, Pacific Rubiales also had a working interest in 2 other blocks in the
288:
with
Vancouver-based Pacific Stratus Energy Ltd. in a $ 2.5 billion causing a name change to Pacific Rubiales Energy Corp. Less than two weeks after the merger the company delisted from the TSX Venture Exchange. Later in 2008 it acquired Kappa Energy, a Colombian exploration company with licenses to 747,000 acres (3,020 km) of land which included parts of the lower, middle, and upper Magdalena, Catatumbo, and Llanos basins. The transaction was valued at $ 168 million and increased Pacific Rubiales' possible reserves by 24.2 million boe. By 2008, Kappa was part of division Kappa Energy Holdings. On October 19, 2011 it became engaged in oil drilling activity in northern Guatemala. In January 2010, Petro Rubiales signed a $ 190 million deal with
374:
with an average total field production in the third quarter of 2012 of 243,820 b/d. This was 24,684 b/d higher than the previous period. Ecopetrol's 50% interest in the largest field and internal consumption cost the company roughly half that, bringing its share down to 117,679 b/d (up 14,722 b/d) and 97,142 b/d after royalties (up 9,983 b/d). For the first quarter of 2011 output was 196,272 boe/d 34% more than the year before; after royalties production was up 51% to about 80,000 boe/d, production increases came from the same sources as in 2010 (Rubiales, Quifa) in addition to new production from La
Creciente (to 9,700 boe/d). In early 2010 total gross daily production (not including
348:. Oil was first discovered there in 1982 but production didn't begin until 1988 when the Rubiales risk participation contract was signed. Operations are conducted through subsidiary Meta Petroleum. By 2011, the Rubiales oil field was the largest in Colombia. It had been neglected before being acquired by Pacific Rubiales. By September 2012, Pacific Rubiales' total field production was 240,975 b/d, 116,285 b/d of which is its share before royalties. By the end of 2011, reserves stood at 407 million barrels that included those considered
356:. The data is independently verified. In the last quarter of 2011, Quifa North and Sabanero began production. In 2011, the Rubiales field represented as much as 88% of the Pacific Rubiales' 2P reserves. By December 2011, with the tripling in reserves at Quifa and the upgrading of resources at field CPE-6, Rubiales only accounted for 29% of reserves. Pacific Rubiales owned 60% of the Llanos basin (reserves estimated to be over 4.5 billion barrels for the whole basin) and had the usage rights of the Colombian pipeline system.
386:/d in 2009. In 2009 about 8.6 million barrels of oil it produced was exported while 1.6 million barrels of oil was used domestically in Colombia. In the first three months of 2011 the company sold 26% more oil than in the corresponding period in 2010 (7.447 million boe or about 83,000 boe/d). Because it was producing below a certain royalties threshold, nearly all gross production before royalties coming from La Creciente is kept after royalties.
293:
by divesting itself of fields within the
Buganviles oil and gas block of Colombia. It sold a 29.5% interest in Visure and 25% in Tuqueque to a subsidiary of Peruvian company Petrodorado. Though the deal gives Petrodorado a near joint interest in the Buganviles block (45-49.5%) Pacific Rubiales remains the controlling operator. On February 1, 2012 Pacific Rubiales Energy became the first Canadian company to receive approval from
1426:, a municipality in central Colombia where Pacific Rubiales extracts oil, has been a hotbed of social unrest for years and according to a local NGO "some 300 Colombian workers" are involved in a dispute with the Canadian oil giant over "unpaid wages, uncooked meals, and a lack of potable water and sanitary equipment." Vecino confirmed that for the last 120 days, laborers in Puerto Gaitan have been protesting working conditions.
408:
complaints go back to 2001; the prosecution claimed that the real owners of the land were forcefully displaced. The defence called the land transfer agreements valid and disputed the validity of their claims (only one of them actually lived on the land). Working conditions were also criticized with as many as twenty people living in one tent, according to journalist Alfred Molano in a
September 25, 2011 article in the
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172:
149:
126:
24:
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Colombia Corp., Pacific
Stratus Energy S.A., Pacific Off Shore Peru S.R.L., Pacific Rubiales Guatemala S.A., Pacific Guatemala Energy Corp., PRE-PSIE Coöperatief U.A., Petrominerales Colombia Corp. and Grupo C&C Energia (Barbados) Ltd. as subsidiaries. In June 2017, it renamed itself Frontera Energy, and was relisted on the
373:
In 2010, Pacific
Rubiales owned properties in the Petén Basin, southeast of major oil fields in southern Mexico with the option to raise its share to 55% by investing as much as US $ 25.875 million in exploration and drilling. Pacific Rubiales experienced a steady rise in production in the late 2000s
364:
In 2010, Pacific
Rubiales and Petrodorado, jointly owned exploration and development projects, in the Ucayali Basin and the Maranon Basin They began production in Peru in 2012 with an average production during the September 2012 quarter of 2,845 bbl/d (1,394 net). The output was attributable to a 49%
693:
On April 27, 2016, Pacific
Exploration & Production Corporation..., Pacific E&P Holdings Corp., Meta Petroleum Corp., Pacific Stratus International Energy Ltd., Pacific Stratus Energy Colombia Corp., Pacific Stratus Energy S.A., Pacific Off Shore Peru S.R.L., Pacific Rubiales Guatemala S.A.,
292:
to use their pipeline and oil transport infrastructure to transport up to 160 million barrels of oil for a period of ten years. In September 2010, Petro Rubiales followed through with its promise to focus more on developing assets already mature or low risk and less on exploration in high risk areas
269:
in Colombia in the company's total assets and a broader focus in Latin America. When Pacific Exploration and Production filed for bankruptcy protection on April 27, 2016, it listed Pacific E&P Holdings Corp., Meta Petroleum Corp., Pacific Stratus International Energy Ltd., Pacific Stratus Energy
264:
basins. In early 2010 it was the largest independent oil company operating in South America and in terms of private companies the fastest growing one in Colombia. In 2011 it was responsible for 41% of the growth in oil production in Colombia. In mid-2015 it changed its name from Pacific Rubiales to
325:
As of December 2011, 80% of the company's 407 mboe 2P reserves are in oil with most of the other 20% in natural gas, 317 mboe are proved reserves. On March 28, 2011 gross reserves were at 357.39 million boe 87% of which is net reserves. By June 2011 net proved reserves were 350 million boe up 15%
287:
listed company. In 1995 Agincourt Explorations, Agincourt Explorations became AGX Resources Corp.; a mineral exploration company focused on Brazil and Canada. After AGX acquired Rubiales Holdings in 2007 from Petro Rubiales it became known as Petro Rubiales Energy Corp. up until 2008 when it merged
403:
Pacific Rubiales has been the focus of various controversies over the years, ranging from allegations of collusion with paramilitary death-squads, suppression of labor rights, manipulation of stock prices, and production figures, besides harassment of journalists through ad revenue pressure upon
407:
It was alleged that paramilitary forces took some of that land by illegal means before transferring ownership over to Kappa Energy, a company that Pacific Rubiales had acquired in 2008. (The total reserves associated with Kappa Energy represented only a fraction of Pacific Rubiales total). The
394:
In 2012, during the third quarter of the year the company sold 89,045 b/d of oil and 10,775 b/d of natural gas for a total of 99,820 b/d (down from 101,533) at an average sales price of $ 95.13 (up from $ 88.66). The company purchases some of the oil that it sells. In 2011, over the first nine
335:
and in Peru with Petrodorado. By 2001, Pacific Rubiales' most valuable assets were the Rubiales (largest in Colombia) and Piriri oil fields in central Colombia which it operates through Meta Petroleum, a division of subsidiary Rubiales Holdings Limited (RHL). RHL has been 100% owned by pacific
201:
Pacific E&P Holdings Corp., Meta Petroleum Corp., Pacific Stratus International Energy Ltd., Pacific Stratus Energy Colombia Corp., Pacific Stratus Energy S.A., Pacific Off Shore Peru S.R.L., Pacific Rubiales Guatemala S.A., Pacific Guatemala Energy Corp., PRE-PSIE Coöperatief U.A.,
1317:
Guillermo Quiroz Delgado, 31, was a part time journalist for the cable TV news programme Notisabanas and a contributor to El Meridiano newspaper. He was arrested while covering a demonstration in the town of San Pedro and was transferred to an intensive care unit where he died on 27
426:
In November 2012, Colombian journalist Guillermo Quiroz Delgado was covering local protests against Pacific Rubiales, which was accused of exploiting the area's residents. He died due to police mistreatment, which brought attention to the complaints against the company.
694:
Pacific Guatemala Energy Corp., PRE-PSIE Coöperatief U.A., Petrominerales Colombia Corp. and Grupo C&C Energia (Barbados) Ltd. ...applied for and received an order ... for protection from the Ontario Superior Court of Justice Commercial List.
330:
of Guatemala (shared with Flamingo Energy Investment (BVI) Ltd., Chx Guatemala Limitada, and Compañía Petrolera del Atlántico). By 2010, Pacific Rubiales shared joint ownership in many oil fields and exploration projects in Colombia with
282:
Pacific Exploration and Production was known as Petro Rubiales from 1982, when the company began operating in the Rubiales oil fields in Colombia, until 2015 when its name was changed. It had origins in Agincourt Explorations in 1987, a
1355:
446:
536:
The man who last month helped blow up a C$ 2.1 billion ($ 1.6 billion) bid for Pacific Rubiales Energy Corp. is now urging Latin America's largest independent oil producer to expand amid the worst crude meltdown in decades.
404:
media companies to drop negative coverage. In September 2011, workers at Pacific Rubiales went on a violent strike over wages in Rubiales. Pacific Rubiales, who owned a 50% stake, suspended explorations for oil in Putumayo.
735:
336:
Rubiales since 2007 when it purchased the remaining 25% of outstanding shares. In 2010, Pacific Rubiales planned to enter the coal and asphalite production market through acquisitions (Pacific Coal S.A.).
1359:
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lines and the drilling of test wells would threaten water sources depended upon by the tribe, and that the activity would also risk exposing uncontacted tribes in the surrounding areas to disease.
939:
820:
1622:
1330:
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led an investment group to purchase a 20% share of the company for $ 290 million. On April 27, 2016 the Pacific Exploration & Production Corporation and its subsidiaries filed for
1632:
803:
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In 2010, Pacific Rubiales and Ecopetrol Rubiales jointly owned the Piriri fields, which covered 72,839 acres (294.77 km) of land 148 km from
1304:
519:
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872:
447:"Pacific Rubiales announces corporate name change to Pacific Exploration and Production Corporation to reflect a broader focus in Latin America"
1334:
1478:
998:
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541:, the 35-year-old Venezuelan who controls almost 20 percent of Pacific's stock, says growth for the Colombia-based company hinges on its
472:
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to issue Brazilian Depository Receipts for trading on the Brazilian stock exchange. In early 2015 as oil prices were declining,
601:
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538:
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858:
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981:
841:"Pacific Rubiales farms into two blocks in Guatemala - announces exploration success in the Guama Block, Colombia"
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711:
1305:"Director-General calls for light to be shed on the death of Colombian journalist Guillermo Quiroz Delgado"
415:
In 2012 the company came under criticism for beginning oil exploration activities on land inhabited by the
1139:
873:"Petro Rubiales Energy Corp. completes acquisition of remaining 25% interest in Rubiales Holdings Limited"
420:
314:
271:
249:
48:
1091:
676:
261:
1280:"Colombian journalist dies following police altercation: IPI urges investigation into disputed incident"
306:
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exploration and production company in the business of heavy crude oil and natural gas. Its focus is on
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62:
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476:
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1002:
238:
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897:
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602:"Pacific Stratus Energy Ltd. and Petro Rubiales Energy Corp. Complete $ 2.5 Billion Merger"
1551:
1443:
1140:"Campo Rubiales is burning: The problem between workers, contractors and Pacific Rubiales"
289:
557:"Frontera Energy reaches deal with Amazon natives in Peru over oil field - Article - BNN"
294:
960:
523:
327:
253:
1356:"Murió periodista herido el martes en San Pedro (Injured journalist died in San Pedro"
648:
1611:
1586:
1566:
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1423:
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911:
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42:
926:"Ecopetrol gives approval for Pacific Rubiales to expand Rubiales field in Colombia"
855:"Ecopetrol gives approval for Pacific Rubiales to expand Rubiales field in Colombia"
605:
23:
353:
349:
1581:
1571:
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Pacific Exploration and Production, signalling the diminished importance of the
419:
indigenous people of Peru. It was argued that the deforestation of hundreds of
1556:
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196:
164:
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663:"Pacific Rubiales Energy strikes farm in agreement with Petrodorado Energy"
662:
416:
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1496:
230:
313:. In 2017, it renamed itself Frontera Energy, and was relisted on the
1254:"Canadian oil company threatens the survival of Peru's 'Jaguar people'"
202:
Petrominerales Colombia Corp. and Grupo C&C Energia (Barbados) Ltd.
95:
91:
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where it holds numerous properties including 38 blocks in the Llanos,
1591:
52:
34:
784:"Pacific Rubiales Energy Management Discussion & Analysis 2010"
999:"Petrodorado, Pacific Rubiales sign agreement for two Peru blocks"
378:
based on output levels and crude oil prices) was around 130,000
234:
1467:
210:
1408:"Canada's Pacific Rubiales 'abuses Colombian workers' rights'"
112:
520:"Man Who Spoiled Pacific Rubiales Oil Deal Has a Growth Plan"
441:
439:
1041:"Pacific Rubiales Energy 2009 fiscal year financial report"
706:
Schaefer Muñoz, Sara; Kurmanaev, Anatoly (19 April 2016).
1103:
1101:
1331:"Colombian journalist dies following police altercation"
1162:"Pacific Rubiales suspends exploratory well in Putumayo"
1206:"De eso tan bueno no dan tanto | ELESPECTADOR.COM"
736:"2011 First Quarter Management Discussion and Analysis"
1180:"Enredos de una petrolera (Oil Company Investigation)"
475:. Latin Business Chronicle. 2010-07-04. Archived from
627:"pacific rubiales closes acquisition of kappa energy"
753:"Pacific Rubiales Ramps 2P Reserves in Llanos Basin"
898:"Pacific Rubiales Branches Out Into Refining, Coal"
804:"Pacific Rubiales Energy 2011 Third Quarter Report"
206:
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162:
139:
120:
103:
86:
78:
68:
58:
40:
30:
708:"Colombian Oil Producer Pacific Falls From Grace"
1092:"Pacific Rubiales Energy 2010 Financial Results"
961:"Colombia to auction 200 oil exploration blocks"
912:"Ecopetrol Gives Go-Ahead to Rubiales Expansion"
1623:Companies listed on the Colombia Stock Exchange
730:
728:
1633:Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange
582:"Pacific Rubiales Energy Corp. stock listings"
74:Pacific Exploration and Production (2015-2017)
1479:
1382:"Colombian journalist dies in police custody"
1173:
1171:
8:
1108:Bravo, Alfredo Molano (September 25, 2011).
1055:"2012 3Q Management Discussion and Analysis"
835:
833:
798:
796:
16:
954:
952:
1486:
1472:
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1072:"pacific rubiales production and reserves"
473:"Pacific Rubiales: Strong Colombia Growth"
72:Pacific Rubiales Energy Corp. (1982-2015)
22:
15:
1178:Quevedo, Norbey H. (October 22, 2011).
1024:"third quarter management and analysis"
982:"consolidated financial results 2q2010"
976:
974:
435:
892:
890:
767:"Pacific Rubiales 2011 Annual Report"
497:
495:
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7:
1278:Griffen, Scott (November 29, 2017).
821:"2011 full year operational results"
551:
549:
1284:International Press Institute (IPI)
1380:Edling, Zach (November 30, 2012).
223:Pacific Exploration and Production
14:
1643:Oil and gas companies of Colombia
1406:Edling, Zach (December 6, 2012).
665:. The Canadian Press. 2010-09-03.
250:Upper and Middle Magdalena Valley
1495:
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1436:
681:PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc (PwC)
677:"Pacific Exploration insolvency"
171:
170:
148:
147:
125:
124:
1638:Natural gas companies of Canada
647:. January 2010. Archived from
641:"pacific rubiales ocensa deal"
1:
1542:Bolsa de Valores de Colombia
1358:. 2012-11-28. Archived from
1333:. 2012-11-29. Archived from
1001:. 2010-02-03. Archived from
959:Kimball, Jack (2010-06-21).
879:. 2001-12-04. Archived from
857:. 2010-06-15. Archived from
604:. 2008-05-01. Archived from
382:/d compared to about 83,000
309:, and began the process of
1669:
1618:Companies based in Toronto
299:Alejandro Betancourt López
1512:
109:Orlando Cabrales Segovia
21:
1233:. Survival International
1648:Oil companies of Canada
1628:Companies in the COLCAP
1307:. UNESCO. November 2012
712:The Wall Street Journal
503:"Investor Presentation"
365:interest in Block-Z1.
315:Toronto Stock Exchange
272:Toronto Stock Exchange
321:Properties/Production
307:bankruptcy protection
211:www.fronteraenergy.ca
1547:Cemex LatAm Holdings
1142:. September 24, 2011
940:"2011 Annual Report"
539:Alejandro Betancourt
285:TSX Venture Exchange
1186:on October 27, 2017
1120:on October 27, 2017
187:Number of employees
18:
1532:Banco de Occidente
1164:. October 1, 2012.
755:. October 4, 2011.
303:Derwick Associates
267:Rubiales oil field
1605:
1604:
1252:Gilbertz, Sarah.
883:on July 11, 2012.
861:on July 29, 2012.
651:on July 22, 2012.
453:. August 14, 2015
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1110:"Rubiales Field"
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683:. April 27, 2016
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526:. 21 August 2015
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508:. November 2012.
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295:BM&F Bovespa
225:) is a Canadian
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142:Operating income
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1597:Frontera Energy
1552:Corficolombiana
1527:Banco de Bogotá
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809:. October 2011.
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741:. May 19, 2011.
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290:Ocensa pipeline
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254:Putumayo Valley
242:Lower Magdalena
219:Frontera Energy
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17:Frontera Energy
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1424:Puerto Gaitan
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1387:
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1362:on 2013-01-28
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1114:El Espectador
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1060:. 2012-11-08.
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1029:. 2012-11-08.
1025:
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1005:on 2010-02-13
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987:. 2010-08-11.
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945:. 2012-03-15.
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928:. 2010-06-15.
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914:. 2010-06-14.
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900:. 2010-11-08.
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843:. 2010-10-19.
842:
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826:. 2012-03-15.
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346:Puerto Gaitan
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311:restructuring
308:
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248:, Rancheria,
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29:
25:
20:
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1422:
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1411:
1401:
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1385:
1375:
1364:. Retrieved
1360:the original
1350:
1339:. Retrieved
1335:the original
1325:
1316:
1309:. Retrieved
1299:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:
1273:
1261:. Retrieved
1257:
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1231:"The Matsés"
1225:
1214:. Retrieved
1210:the original
1200:
1188:. Retrieved
1184:the original
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1118:the original
1113:
1086:
1075:. Retrieved
1066:
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1007:. Retrieved
1003:the original
993:
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920:
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701:
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680:
671:
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644:
635:
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610:. Retrieved
606:the original
596:
585:. Retrieved
576:
565:. Retrieved
563:. 2017-06-15
560:
535:
530:14 September
528:. Retrieved
514:
481:. Retrieved
477:the original
467:
455:. Retrieved
450:
425:
414:
409:
406:
402:
393:
372:
363:
343:
324:
281:
246:Cesar Valley
222:
218:
217:
197:Subsidiaries
155:1.1 billion
132:4.6 billion
87:Headquarters
31:Company type
1582:Grupo Éxito
1572:Grupo Argos
1537:Bancolombia
1417:October 26,
1391:October 26,
1311:October 26,
1289:October 26,
1190:October 25,
1146:October 26,
1124:October 26,
687:October 26,
457:October 26,
451:PR Newswire
328:Petén Basin
69:Predecessor
63:Oil and Gas
1612:Categories
1577:Grupo Aval
1557:Davivienda
1366:2012-12-01
1341:2012-12-01
1263:9 February
1237:9 February
1216:2012-06-19
1077:2010-06-30
1009:2010-06-30
612:2010-06-30
587:2010-06-30
567:2018-01-26
483:2010-09-16
431:References
221:(formerly
165:Net income
105:Key people
1562:Ecopetrol
1318:November.
524:Bloomberg
376:royalties
369:Guatemala
333:Ecopetrol
227:petroleum
43:Traded as
1506:Colombia
717:27 April
354:possible
340:Colombia
239:Sucre-Co
231:Colombia
98:, Canada
59:Industry
1094:. 2011.
1043:. 2010.
965:Reuters
877:Reuters
789:. 2011.
645:Reuters
629:. 2008.
278:History
262:Maranon
258:Ucayali
207:Website
121:Revenue
96:Ontario
92:Toronto
79:Founded
51::
1592:Odinsa
417:Matsés
350:proven
180:(2013)
157:(2013)
134:(2013)
35:Public
1517:Argos
1058:(PDF)
1027:(PDF)
985:(PDF)
943:(PDF)
824:(PDF)
807:(PDF)
787:(PDF)
770:(PDF)
739:(PDF)
506:(PDF)
390:Sales
191:2,506
1502:IGBC
1419:2017
1393:2017
1313:2017
1291:2017
1265:2014
1239:2014
1192:2017
1148:2017
1126:2017
719:2016
689:2017
532:2015
459:2017
360:Peru
260:and
244:and
235:Peru
233:and
176:US$
153:US$
130:US$
82:2009
1567:ETB
561:BNN
384:boe
380:boe
301:of
113:CEO
53:FEC
49:TSX
1614::
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