324:
wild goats is not so great, as these animals are better able to protect themselves than the tame ones. No sooner is one kid born - while the mother is in labor with the second - than the birds pounce upon it; and should the old one be able to interfere, she is also assaulted. No kid is safe from their attacks. Should a number be together, the birds unite their forces, and, with great noise and flapping of their wings, generally manage to separate the weakest one and dispatch it. They sometimes fasten upon the tongue when the poor creature opens its mouth to bleat, and have been known to tear it out, leaving the animal to perish, if not otherwise destroyed. Sometimes the anus is the point of first attack. The birds are cruel in the extreme, and the torture sometimes inflicted upon the defenceless animals is painful to witness... Even when food is plenty, they often attack living animals instead of contenting themselves with the carcasses of those already dead, seeming to delight in killing. Should one of their number be disabled or wounded, it is instantly dispatched by the rest.
31:
76:
50:
347:
The
Guadalupe caracara is one of the few species that were intentionally rendered extinct by humans. In its particular case, it was demanded by goat farmers that the birds were to be killed off as they occasionally fed on young goats (though the role of the caracara as a predator of goats was much
323:
The "Calalie" is abundant on every part of the island; and no bird could be a more persistent or more cruel enemy of the poultry and domestic animals. It is continually on the watch, and in spite of every precaution often snatches its prey from the very doors of the houses. The destruction of the
343:
encountered 11 and preserved nine as scientific specimens. He may have shot the last of the caracaras on
Guadalupe Island, believing from their fearlessness and ease of finding them that they were common. There was one more (unconfirmed) sighting in 1903; the bird was certainly gone by 1906.
348:
exaggerated). It stands to note that its erstwhile home was at that time being devastated by tens of thousands of goats gone feral, leading to the extinction of several endemic species caused by the near-total destruction of habitat.
1159:
319:
Described as "evil" and "vicious" by early observers, it was driven to extinction by a hunting and poisoning campaign led by goat herders on
Guadalupe Island. As described by Edward Palmer:
339:
In 1876 the species was common throughout the island. However, in March 1897, only one bird was encountered, but additional members of the species survived. On 1 December 1900 collector
749:
León de la Luz, José Luis; Rebman, Jon P.; Oberbauer, Thomas (1 January 2003). "On the urgency of conservation on
Guadalupe Island, Mexico: is it a lost paradise?".
1031:
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1139:
30:
874:
851:
826:
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798:
370:
Around 35 specimens (skins, skeletons and two eggs) remain in public collections today. Specimens are available for display in
564:
1049:
445:
690:
303:
is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "Guadalupe caracara", because the extinct birds were formerly considered a
698:
581:
1134:
475:
75:
534:
515:
1070:
363:
1075:
943:
886:
171:
423:
992:
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39:
516:"Forty-second supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds"
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127:
60:
795:
770:
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352:
244:
971:
958:
1101:
1018:
918:
783:
Mey, Eberhard (1990): Eine neue ausgestorbene Vogel-Ischnozere von
Neuseeland,
1096:
762:
582:"Birds from the West Coast of Lower California and Adjacent Islands (Part II)"
356:
340:
304:
137:
54:
909:
267:
87:
935:
903:
107:
1010:
735:
649:
610:
371:
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821:(4th ed.). Westarp-Wissenschaften, Magdeburg; Spektrum, Heidelberg.
379:
292:
248:
97:
1023:
984:
880:
717:
641:
602:
979:
359:
308:
263:
625:
997:
117:
884:
669:. Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton University Press. p. 337.
663:
Hirschfeld, Eric; Swash, Andy; Still, Robert (17 March 2013).
815:
Die ausgestorbenen Vögel der Welt (Die neue Brehm-Bücherei
535:
10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0847:FSSTTA]2.0.CO;2
866:
Endangered Birds of the World; The ICBP Bird Red Data Book
857:
Greenway, James C. Jr. (1967): Guadelupe Island
Carcara.
254:(Falconidae). It was, together with the closely related
1160:
Species made extinct by deliberate extirpation efforts
845:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York.
699:"The Present State of the Ornis of Guadaloupe Island"
482:
No
Turning Back: The Life and Death of Animal Species
893:
479:
424:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T22728892A208124938.en
311:. They were reinstated as a full species in 2000.
861:(2nd ed.): 183–195. Dover Publications, New York.
329:Edward Palmer, in Errol Fuller, Extinct Birds
321:
299:until the beginning of the 20th century. The
8:
859:In: Extinct and Vanishing Birds of the World
626:"Closing history of the Guadalupe Caracara"
367:is only known from the Guadalupe caracara.
881:
470:
468:
466:
48:
29:
20:
725:
533:
422:
486:. New York: Harper Perennial. pp.
450:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
391:
7:
410:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
399:BirdLife International. (2022).
74:
1150:Extinct birds of North America
864:King, Warren B. (ed.) (1981):
512:American Ornithologists' Union
1:
1125:IUCN Red List extinct species
751:Biodiversity and Conservation
1155:Taxa named by Robert Ridgway
1140:Bird extinctions since 1500
271:. It was also known as the
1176:
580:Kaeding, Henry B. (1905).
555:. Facts on File. pp.
262:), formerly placed in the
787:(Insecta, Phthiraptera).
417:: e.T22728892A208124938.
283:Distribution and taxonomy
209:Polyborus plancus lutosus
206:
199:
177:
170:
71:Scientific classification
69:
46:
37:
28:
23:
666:The World's Rarest Birds
213:Caracara plancus lutosus
1145:Birds described in 1876
813:Luther, Dieter (1996):
801:12 October 2007 at the
763:10.1023/A:1022854211166
727:2027/hvd.32044072250186
364:Acutifrons caracarensis
351:In an apparent case of
16:Extinct species of bird
841:Fuller, Errol (2000):
624:Abbott, C. B. (1933).
549:Fuller, Errol (1987).
332:
789:Zoologischer Anzeiger
40:Conservation status
24:Guadalupe caracara
785:Huiacola extinctus
231:Guadalupe caracara
1112:
1111:
1084:Open Tree of Life
887:Taxon identifiers
877:
854:
676:978-0-691-15596-8
446:"Caracara lutosa"
247:belonging to the
241:mourning caracara
227:
226:
217:Polyborus lutosus
64:
1167:
1135:Caracara (genus)
1105:
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1079:
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882:
869:
846:
829:
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781:
775:
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757:(5): 1073–1082.
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485:
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442:
436:
435:
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431:
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396:
330:
301:crested caracara
297:Guadalupe Island
260:Caracara plancus
256:crested caracara
221:Caracara lutosus
186:
182:
79:
78:
58:
52:
51:
33:
21:
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1102:Caracara-lutosa
1100:
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925:Caracara lutosa
923:
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895:Caracara lutosa
889:
838:
836:Further reading
833:
832:
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803:Wayback Machine
794:(1/2): 49–73.
782:
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748:
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718:10.2307/1360977
701:
691:Thayer, John E.
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236:Caracara lutosa
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184:Caracara lutosa
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5:
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868:: Preamble 8.
862:
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831:
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776:
741:
712:(3): 101–106.
697:(1 May 1908).
682:
675:
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597:(4): 134–138.
572:
565:
541:
528:(3): 847–858.
503:
496:
476:Ellis, Richard
462:
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390:
389:
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307:of the extant
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243:is an extinct
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843:Extinct Birds
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827:3-89432-213-6
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552:Extinct Birds
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497:0-06-055804-0
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172:Binomial name
169:
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158:
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133:
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128:Falconiformes
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57: (1903)
56:
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796:PDF fulltext
791:
788:
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695:Outram Bangs
685:
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636:(1): 10–15.
633:
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481:
453:. Retrieved
440:
428:. Retrieved
414:
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353:coextinction
350:
346:
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335:Conservation
322:
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245:bird of prey
240:
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183:
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162:
161:
148:
18:
1071:Neotropical
1019:iNaturalist
919:Wikispecies
357:ischnoceran
1119:Categories
1097:Xeno-canto
706:The Condor
566:0816018332
386:References
376:Washington
341:Rollo Beck
305:subspecies
291:inhabited
138:Falconidae
1130:Caracaras
268:Polyborus
156:Species:
94:Kingdom:
88:Eukaryota
1063:22728892
1037:10856588
949:22728892
944:BirdLife
933:BioLib:
904:Wikidata
799:Archived
771:10038493
514:(2000).
478:(2004).
327:—
201:Synonyms
149:Caracara
134:Family:
108:Chordata
104:Phylum:
98:Animalia
84:Domain:
61:IUCN 3.1
1089:3596146
1076:guacar2
1011:2480992
998:1065024
985:guacar2
959:guacar2
910:Q398445
736:1360977
650:1363459
611:1361667
455:7 April
430:11 July
372:Chicago
315:History
289:species
277:calalie
275:or the
273:quelili
194:, 1876)
192:Ridgway
181:†
160:†
144:Genus:
124:Order:
114:Class:
59: (
55:Extinct
1050:175597
936:137214
873:
850:
825:
769:
734:
673:
648:
630:Condor
609:
590:Condor
563:
494:
380:London
378:, and
355:, the
293:Mexico
252:family
249:falcon
1032:IRMNG
980:eBird
956:BOW:
767:S2CID
732:JSTOR
702:(PDF)
646:JSTOR
607:JSTOR
585:(PDF)
360:louse
309:taxon
287:This
264:genus
239:) or
1058:IUCN
1045:ITIS
1024:4713
1006:GBIF
972:QZS4
871:ISBN
848:ISBN
823:ISBN
671:ISBN
561:ISBN
492:ISBN
457:2011
432:2024
415:2022
229:The
118:Aves
993:EoL
967:CoL
817:424
792:224
759:doi
722:hdl
714:doi
638:doi
599:doi
530:doi
526:117
521:Auk
488:172
419:doi
295:'s
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258:(
233:(
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63:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
