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who arrested 43 members of the expedition. The
Russian authorities treated any Armenian nationalist activity within their empire with deep suspicion and the arrested members were put on trial. They had fought under a banner with the initials "M.H.", which could stand for either "Mother Armenia" or
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active in the region. The leader of the expedition was a former student, Sarkis
Gugunian (1866–1913). Like many other Russian Armenians, he was concerned with the fate of Ottoman Armenians living under the rule of the
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Gugunian went ahead with his expedition and his volunteer force set off on
September 27, 1890. They crossed the border but ran low on food supplies and after a clash with
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in 1892, alleged that the letters meant "United
Armenia", another possible – and more subversive – interpretation. 27 of the accused were convicted and exiled to
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Although the expedition was a failure, its members became heroes of the
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troops, they retreated to Russia. Here they were intercepted by
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to launch an armed expedition across the border into the
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With financial support from wealthy
Armenians living in
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216:Looking Toward Ararat: Armenia in Modern History
45:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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8:
336:Liberation struggle of Artsakh (1724-1731)
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199:cause and the subject of patriotic songs.
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
386:Battle of Holy Apostles Monastery (1901)
112:in 1890 in support of local Armenians.
220:. Indiana University Press. pp.
100:) was an attempt by a small group of
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396:Yıldız assassination attempt (1905)
14:
528:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
134:was the Armenian organization of
132:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
310:Organizations and military units
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432:Resistance during the genocide
307:Political and military leaders
1:
356:Kum Kapu demonstration (1890)
243:. Seuil. pp. 436 pages.
371:Ottoman Bank Takeover (1896)
304:Persecution of the Armenians
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586:1890 in the Russian Empire
581:1890 in the Ottoman Empire
381:Khanasor Expedition (1897)
366:Zeitun rebellion (1895–96)
351:Gugunian Expedition (1890)
289:Armenian national movement
136:Armenian national movement
122:Armenian national movement
119:
329:Battle of Halidzor (1727)
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548:Armenian volunteer units
31:This article includes a
591:19th century in Armenia
401:Battle of Sulukh (1907)
324:Syunik rebellion (1722)
60:more precise citations.
554:French Armenian Legion
361:Sasun rebellion (1894)
341:Zeitun uprising (1862)
104:nationalists from the
391:Sasun uprising (1904)
346:Bashkale clash (1889)
239:Ternon, Yves (1996).
141:Sultan Abdul Hamid II
98:Կուկունեանի արշաւանքը
197:Armenian nationalist
210:Suny, Ronald Grigor
90:Gugunian Expedition
412:Hamidian massacres
376:Van Defense (1896)
33:list of references
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510:Political parties
495:Drastamat Kanayan
424:Armenian genocide
318:Until World War I
126:Armenian Question
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52:Please help
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15:
556:(1916–1920)
550:(1914–1917)
58:introducing
575:Categories
120:See also:
116:Background
516:Armenakan
459:Musa Dagh
414:(1894–96)
222:304 pages
191:Aftermath
66:July 2011
485:Andranik
212:(1993).
176:Cossacks
162:Conflict
145:Dashnaks
102:Armenian
94:Armenian
522:Hunchak
301:History
203:Sources
185:Siberia
172:Kurdish
168:Turkish
152:Tbilisi
54:improve
542:Fedayi
530:(1890)
524:(1887)
518:(1885)
439:Zeitun
426:(1915)
420:(1909)
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535:Units
470:Arabo
39:, or
454:Urfa
245:ISBN
226:ISBN
181:Kars
170:and
156:Baku
154:and
130:The
124:and
88:The
444:Van
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