2375:
721:
80:
2367:
1104:
710:
2359:
94:
4223:
3921:
4297:
4266:
3974:
3988:
3966:
3949:
1486:
687:(Rus', pre-Russian Norsemen) invasions of the littoral Caspian region in the 9th century record Deylamites as non-Muslim. These chronicles also show that the Deylamites were the only warriors in the Caspian region who could fight the fearsome Varangian Vikings as equals. Deylamite mercenaries served as far away as
2390:
with, by a large margin, the heaviest rainfall in Iran: reaching as high as 1,900 millimetres (75 in) in the southwestern coast and generally around 1,400 millimetres (55 in). Rasht, the capital of the province, is known internationally as the "City of Silver Rains" and in Iran as the "City
966:
Gilan was a major producer of silk beginning in the 15th century CE. As a result, it was one of the wealthiest provinces in Iran. Safavid annexation in the 16th century was at least partially motivated by this revenue stream. The silk trade, though not the production, was a monopoly of the Crown and
3093:
Biglari, F., and H. Abdi (2003) Discovery of Two
Probable Late Paleolithic Sites at Amarlou, The Gilan Province, Caspian Basin, In T. Ohtsu, J.Nokandeh, and K. Yamauchi (eds), Preliminary Report of the Iran-Japan Joint Archaeological Expedition to Gilan, First Season, 2001, pp. 92-96, ICHO, Tehran,
629:
However, this appears to have been a
Pyrrhic victory for the Arabs, since they did not pursue their opponents. Muslim Arabs never managed to conquer Gilan as they did with other provinces in Iran. Gilanis and Deylamites successfully repulsed all Arab attempts to occupy their land or to convert them
1183:
The Gilaki language is a
Caspian language, and a member of the northwestern Iranian language branch, spoken in Iran's Gilan, Mazandaran and Qazvin provinces. Gilaki is one of the main languages spoken in the province of Gilan and is divided into three dialects: Western Gilaki, Eastern Gilaki, and
2374:
799:
Before the introduction of silk production (date unknown but a pillar of the economy by the 15th century AD), Gilan was a poor province. There were no permanent trade routes linking Gilan to Persia. There was a small trade in smoked fish and wood products. It seems that the city of
1475:
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 2,381,063 people in 669,221 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,480,874 in 777,316 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 2,530,696 people in 851,382 households.
804:
was initially a fortress-town against marauding bands of
Deylamites, another sign that the economy of the province did not produce enough on its own to support its population. This changed with the introduction of the silk worm in the late Middle Ages.
982:
In the mid-19th century, a fatal epidemic among the silk worms paralyzed Gilan's economy, causing widespread economic distress. Gilan's budding industrialists and merchants were increasingly dissatisfied with the weak and ineffective rule of the
747:, selling furs, honey, and slaves. The first small-scale raids took place in the late 9th and early 10th century. The Rus' undertook the first large-scale expedition in 913; having arrived on 500 ships, they pillaged the westernmost parts of
3330:^ Coon, "Iran:Demography and Ethnography" in Encyclopedia of Islam, Volume IV, E.J. Brill, pp. 10,8. Excerpt: "The Lurs speak an aberrant form of Archaic Persian" See maps also on page 10 for distribution of Persian languages and dialect
2863:
1111:
Gilaks form the majority of the population, while
Azerbaijanis, Kurds, Talysh and Persians are significant minorities in the province. Gilaks live in most of the cities and villages in the province, except Astara and Hashtpar counties.
1195:
is also spoken in the province. There are only two cities in Gilan where
Talyshi is exclusively spoken: Masal and Masoleh (although other cities speak Talyshi alongside Gilaki) while Talyshi is spoken mostly in the city of
2410:
The coastline is cooler and attracts large numbers of domestic and international tourists. Large parts of the province are mountainous, green and forested. The coastal plain along the
Caspian Sea is similar to that of
3297:
1041:. However, the revolution did not progress the way the constitutionalists had strived for, and Iran came to face much internal unrest and foreign intervention, particularly from the British and Russian empires.
2398:
are strongest, but it occurs throughout the year though least abundantly from April to August. Humidity is very high because of the marshy character of the coastal plains and can reach 90 percent in summer for
1157:
In Talysh county (Hashtpar), the majority are Talysh, and
Azerbaijanis make up a significant portion of the population. There are also Kurdish-speaking Gormanj in Talysh county who are immigrants from
3372:
1080:
with the central government of Tehran. The
Jangalis continued to struggle against the central government until their final defeat in September 1921 when control of Gilan returned to Tehran.
967:
the single most important source of trade revenue for the imperial treasury. As early as the 16th century and until the mid 19th century, Gilan was the major exporter of silk in Asia. The
3339:
Kathryn M. Coughlin, "Muslim cultures today: a reference guide", Greenwood
Publishing Group, 2006. p. 89: "...Iranians speak Persian or a Persian dialect such as Gilaki or Mazandarani."
2920:
889:
The Safavid empire became weak towards the end of the 17th century CE. By the early 18th century, the once-mighty empire was in the grips of civil war and uprisings. The ambitious
2788:
4902:
301:
720:
3292:
3525:
79:
3896:
844:(the last semi-independent ruler of Gilan) and annexed the province directly to his empire. From this point onward, rulers of Gilan were appointed by the Persian
1491:
The population history and structural changes of Gilan province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
1069:. In the midst of this conflict, the Jangalis entered into an alliance with the Bolsheviks against the British. This culminated in the establishment of the
4042:
3022:"Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Gilan province centered on the city of Rasht"
3364:
2419:
paddies. Due to successive cultivation and selection of rice by farmers, several cultivars including Gerdeh, Hashemi, Hasani, and Gharib have been bred.
1054:). Many of the descendants of these refugees are in the region. During the same period, Anzali served as the main trading port between Iran and Europe.
107:
1077:
4254:
955:
can be found today in Rasht. Russian class was mandatory in schools and the significant increase of Russian influence in the region lasted until
3075:
Biglari, F., V. Jahani 2011 The Pleistocene Human Settlement in Gilan, Southwest Caspian Sea: Recent Research, Eurasian Prehistory 8 (1-2): 3-28
2466:
2433:
189:
2924:
2456:
2428:
3059:
3848:
3561:
3247:
4137:
2980:
2655:
2518:
923:
established a central government in Persia (Iran) in the late 18th century CE. They lost a series of wars to Russia (Russo-Persian Wars
4077:
3889:
3294:
The Caucasus in the System of International Relations: The Turkmanchay Treaty Was Signed 180 Years Ago Научная библиотека КиберЛенинка
2796:
2446:
736:
3200:
Charles Melville – "The Ilkhan Öljeitü's conquest of Gilan (1307): rumour and reality", in R. Amitai Preiss & D.O. Morgan (eds),
928:
924:
2441:
1070:
1011:
960:
906:
3215:"Armenia during the Seljuk and Mongol Periods, Armenian History, Turkish History, Mongol History, Georgian History, Armeno-Turcica"
679:
a warlord in central Iran, and Makan, son of Kaki, the warlord of Rey) or were suspected of harboring pro-Zoroastrian (for example
3403:
3084:
Falahian Y. 2006a. Evidence of Neolithic occupation at Chapalak near Nodeh-e Farab, Journal of Gilan Culture, Nos. 25-26, pp. 8-12
2946:
2753:
4187:
4035:
3869:
2569:
2503:
713:
3280:
1814:
According to the 2016 census, 1,598,765 people (over 63% of the population of Gilan province) live in the following cities:
2894:
3882:
3533:
3417:
2878:
2534:
2499:
902:
93:
4341:
4247:
2366:
1530:
4232:
3443:
2451:
2461:
1184:
Galeshi (in the mountains of Gilan and Mazandaran). The western and eastern dialects are separated by the Sefid Roud.
878:
3500:
3021:
3595:
1029:, who became the most prominent revolutionary leader in northern Iran in this period. Khan's movement, known as the
4928:
4028:
3792:
3692:
3260:
Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi, 3 vols. in 4 parts, Rome, 1658–63; tr. J. Pinkerton as Travels in Persia, London, 1811.
731:
In the 9th–11th century AD, there were repeated military raids undertaken by the Rus' between 864 and 1041 on the
551:
who were living there previously. It is more likely that they were a separate people, had come from the region of
3731:
2483:
2387:
611:
576:
4202:
4177:
4082:
2680:
1217:
is also spoken in the province of Gilan as it is Iran's official language, requiring everyone to know Persian.
1030:
490:
and contains evidence for the earliest prehistoric human cave occupation during the Lower Paleolithic in Iran.
486:
is the earliest known human habitation site in Gilan province; it is located in a deep tributary canyon of the
252:
555:, and taken the place of the Kadusii. That the native inhabitants of Gilan have some originating roots in the
3214:
4923:
4714:
4240:
4192:
4162:
3676:
1754:
1019:
861:
642:
289:
4827:
4387:
4309:
3721:
1562:
667:
Several Deylamite commanders and soldiers of fortune who were active in the military theaters of Iran and
539:, or Gilites, entered the region south of the Caspian coast and west of the Amardos River (now called the
536:
530:
31:
4790:
4349:
3839:
3666:
3028:(in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Archived from
1858:
1015:
404:
3715:
3698:
1076:
In February 1921 the Soviets withdrew their support for the Jangali government of Gilan and signed the
1073:(commonly known as the Socialist Republic of Gilan), which lasted from June 1920 until September 1921.
1018:(Rashti) was a prominent figure in the early years of the revolution and was instrumental in defeating
3243:
An Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire: From Earliest Times to the End of the Sixteenth Century
626:
region. Muta was killed in the battle, and his defeated army managed to retreat in an orderly manner.
3704:
2471:
2400:
595:
in the mid-10th century. Previously, the people of the province had a prominent position during the
317:
4222:
3830:
3104:
Nasidze, Ivan; Quinque, Dominique; Rahmani, Manijeh; Alemohamad, Seyed Ali; Stoneking, Mark (2006).
676:
4832:
4468:
4157:
4127:
4007:
3727:
3164:
2620:
2590:
1918:
956:
936:
873:
752:
653:
951:
and Russian forces. Most major cities in the region had Russian schools and significant traces of
4567:
4559:
4142:
4132:
4107:
3317:
3135:
2508:
2494:
2489:
2232:
1674:
1045:
883:
793:
649:
502:
244:
3861:
3003:
1050:
634:
3051:
872:
are assimilated into the mainstream Gilaks. The history of Georgian settlement is described by
4615:
4147:
4097:
4051:
3682:
3569:
3471:
3276:
3270:
3241:
3127:
2848:
2614:
2514:
2242:
1433:
1294:
1038:
1026:
893:(Peter the Great) sent a force that captured Gilan and many of the Iranian territories in the
890:
744:
479:
353:
308:
272:
70:
3153:
The Tati language group in the sociolinguistic context of Northwestern Iran and Transcaucasia
2976:
4722:
4305:
4152:
4117:
4102:
4072:
4067:
3958:
3864:
3812:
3638:
3117:
3052:"همشهری آنلاین-استانهای کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند (Provinces were divided into 5 regions)"
2358:
2322:
1373:
1214:
1208:
1177:
1162:
948:
910:
615:
468:
452:
373:
345:
313:
194:
171:
49:
770:
dynasties, put an end to Deylamite states in Iran. From the 11th century CE to the rise of
4840:
4808:
4653:
4455:
4395:
4212:
4197:
4182:
4167:
4122:
4062:
4002:
3997:
3930:
3301:
2882:
2708:
2602:
2549:
2198:
1878:
1626:
1418:
1403:
1388:
1279:
1264:
1249:
1192:
1158:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1062:
976:
952:
944:
914:
849:
841:
796:
failed to do it in the late 1270s. After 1336, the region seemed to be independent again.
588:
572:
544:
456:
396:
389:
381:
377:
365:
281:
277:
154:
149:
57:
657:
3457:
709:
660:. In the 9th and 10th centuries AD, Deylamites and later Gilanis gradually converted to
4691:
4630:
4534:
4432:
4270:
3395:
2675:
2626:
2596:
2585:
2580:
2565:
2554:
2523:
2394:
Rainfall is heaviest between September and December because the onshore winds from the
2018:
1738:
1610:
932:
894:
818:
759:
619:
568:
84:
774:, Gilan was ruled by local rulers who paid tribute to the dominant power south of the
4917:
4861:
4795:
4742:
4727:
4681:
4582:
4544:
4364:
4318:
4207:
4112:
4087:
3596:"Letter of approval regarding the changes and reforms of divisions in Gilan province"
3007:
2852:
2758:
2665:
2632:
2574:
2395:
2078:
1958:
1828:
1770:
1706:
1690:
1594:
1546:
1514:
1448:
1309:
1124:
1034:
1007:
984:
920:
898:
826:
592:
510:
3874:
3672:
3106:"Concomitant Replacement of Language and mtDNA in South Caspian Populations of Iran"
788:
conquered the region. This was the first time the region came under the rule of the
785:
4882:
4819:
4668:
4549:
4516:
4493:
4405:
4372:
4278:
4172:
3766:
3139:
2954:
2728:
2645:
2528:
2282:
1868:
1722:
1658:
1642:
1578:
1197:
1120:
1116:
837:
767:
483:
408:
1176:
and other central Iranian cities, and the local Gilak people who have adopted the
497:
were discovered by a group of Iranian archaeologists that dates back to the late
395:
The northern section of the province is part of the territory of South (Iranian)
4676:
4539:
4506:
4413:
3937:
3801:"Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in 'Indica' rice cultivars"
3627:"Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in 'Indica' rice cultivars"
2898:
2670:
2559:
2407:
range provides further diversity to the land in addition to the Caspian coasts.
2292:
2038:
1948:
1898:
1057:
The Jangalis are glorified in Iranian history and effectively secured Gilan and
1006:
and concern arose that the province might permanently separate. Before the war,
999:
987:. Re-orientation of Gilan's agriculture and industry from silk to production of
869:
853:
732:
672:
668:
600:
506:
444:
412:
361:
3421:
2875:
2821:
4800:
4377:
3926:
3788:
3122:
3105:
2412:
2138:
2088:
1058:
814:
692:
487:
385:
369:
240:
122:
109:
4732:
4643:
4572:
4445:
2660:
2650:
2188:
2148:
1908:
1066:
865:
857:
763:
684:
623:
607:
564:
540:
514:
498:
235:
4296:
3817:
3800:
3643:
3626:
3131:
2544:
1048:, the region saw another massive influx of Russian settlers (the so-called
931:), resulting in an enormous gain of influence by the Russian Empire in the
3776:
3770:
3349:
3029:
995:
plantations were a partial answer to the decline of silk in the province.
4856:
4750:
4704:
4658:
4648:
4620:
4600:
4595:
4463:
4422:
4354:
3603:
2700:
2608:
2541:
2342:
2332:
2262:
2128:
2068:
2028:
1998:
1988:
1968:
1938:
1888:
1201:
1151:
1147:
771:
740:
680:
596:
556:
552:
526:
424:
416:
262:
3602:(in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Council of Ministers. Archived from
3568:(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 01. Archived from
3532:(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 01. Archived from
2795:(in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 01. Archived from
4699:
4638:
4605:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4440:
4418:
2538:
2379:
2312:
2302:
2178:
2168:
2118:
2108:
2058:
2048:
979:
merchants and, in return, received a handsome portion of the proceeds.
833:
822:
789:
696:
661:
638:
548:
509:
about 40,000 to 70,000 years ago. Later Paleolithic sites in Gilan are
448:
428:
420:
3743:
901:, as well as other territories in northern mainland Iran, through the
17:
4851:
4760:
4755:
4610:
4590:
4529:
4331:
4326:
3856:
2404:
2272:
2252:
2208:
2008:
1928:
1848:
1838:
1173:
1139:
1003:
972:
959:
and had a major impact on Iranian history, as it directly led to the
801:
782:
775:
748:
725:
703:
618:
in 637 AD. Deylamite commander Muta led an army of Gils, Deylamites,
560:
494:
440:
436:
432:
4020:
1002:, Gilan came to be ruled independently of the central government of
706:
established the most successful of the Deylamite dynasties of Iran.
1061:
against foreign invasions. However, in 1920 British forces invaded
864:
whose descendants still live or linger across Gilan. Most of these
762:
invasions of the 10th and 11th centuries CE, which saw the rise of
599:
through the 7th century, so that their political power extended to
4770:
4765:
4524:
4501:
4286:
3218:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2219:
2158:
2098:
1978:
1188:
1169:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1102:
940:
719:
708:
688:
400:
357:
164:
1025:
In the late 1910s, many Gilanis gathered under the leadership of
3165:
http://original.britannica.com/eb/article-22885/Iraq#147477.hook
2416:
1485:
988:
968:
845:
142:
4236:
4024:
3878:
2577:, prominent Iranian scholar of Persian literature and Iranology
645:
to remain in comfortable, secluded captivity in their palaces.
3739:
3693:
Gilan University of Medical Sciences Health Information Center
3269:
William Bayne Fisher, P. Avery, G. R. G. Hambly, C. Melville.
1142:(Districts of Ammarlu, Deylaman, and Raḥmatabad), Reshvand in
992:
356:, in the northwest of the country. Its capital is the city of
3363:
Leipzig, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
1033:, had sent an armed brigade to Tehran that helped depose the
3759:
848:. In the Safavid era, Gilan was settled by large numbers of
3600:
Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
575:
groups. Their languages shares typologic features with the
3001:
3475:
3365:"Former Dept. of Linguistics – Northwest Iranian Project"
2845:
2467:
Technical & Vocational Training Organization of Gilan
2434:
Institute of Higher Education for Academic Jihad of Rasht
3178:
The Martyred Church: A History of the Church of the East
735:
shores of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Dagestan as part of the
328:
3847:
with English subtitles, Jadid Online, 22 January 2009:
3683:"A first detailed language map of Gilan Province, Iran"
637:
who finally shifted the balance of power by conquering
559:
is supported by genetics and language, as the Y-DNA of
1211:
is used by Kurds who have moved to the Amarlu region.
1187:
Although Gilaki is the most widely spoken language in
3661:
3562:"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)"
3526:"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)"
2789:"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)"
2635:, musician, singer, songwriter and political activist
4903:
List of cities, towns and villages in Gilan Province
3312:
3310:
2822:"Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab"
743:
in the 9th century traveling as merchants along the
633:
In fact, it was the Deylamites under the Buyid king
4895:
4783:
4741:
4713:
4690:
4667:
4629:
4581:
4558:
4515:
4492:
4454:
4431:
4404:
4386:
4363:
4340:
4317:
4304:
4277:
1134:in the province with different origins. Amarlou in
571:peoples, while their mtDNA closely resembles other
323:
307:
288:
271:
261:
251:
234:
226:
218:
213:
205:
200:
187:
182:
170:
160:
148:
138:
44:
3667:Association of Guilan Supporters Official website
913:between late 1722 and late March 1723, stayed in
813:Gilan recognized twice, for brief periods, the
606:The first recorded encounter between Gilak and
3834:A shortened version in English with the title
3829:, in Persian, Jadid Online, 17 November 2008,
3556:
3554:
3520:
3518:
641:in 945. Mu'izz al-Dawla, however, allowed the
587:Gilan province was the place of origin of the
4248:
4036:
3890:
3071:
3069:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
652:began evangelizing Gilan in the 780s, when a
8:
3860:, in English, Jadid Online, 1 October 2009,
2864:library Great Encyclopedia of Islam – Astara
2629:, composer, violinist/pianist, and conductor
30:"Gilan" redirects here. For other uses, see
3868:An audio slideshow with English subtitles:
4314:
4255:
4241:
4233:
4043:
4029:
4021:
3897:
3883:
3875:
3799:Pazuki, Arman & Sohani, Mehdi (2013).
3625:Pazuki, Arman & Sohani, Mehdi (2013).
3472:"پرتال استان گيلان – جمعيت و نيروي انساني"
2895:"تالشی و تاتی بازمانده زبان ماد / بخش دوم"
2752:OpenStreetMap contributors (22 May 2024).
2617:, journalist, poet, and communist activist
1816:
41:
3816:
3642:
3275:Cambridge University Press, 10 okt. 1991
3121:
1168:Persians are concentrated in the city of
1078:Russo-Persian Treaty of Friendship (1921)
478:Early humans were present at Gilan since
3701:(An excellent source of info in Persian)
3688:. Hamideh Poshtvan, Carleton University.
2438:Islamic Azad University of Bandar Anzali
1493:
3501:"Language distribution: Gilan Province"
3272:The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7
2744:
2692:
322:
306:
270:
250:
233:
212:
199:
181:
159:
137:
102:
76:
3760:Gilan Province Department of Education
543:) in the second or first century BCE,
505:shelter that was probably occupied by
459:, formerly known as Bandar-e Pahlavi.
209:14,042 km (5,422 sq mi)
98:Location of Gilan province within Iran
3495:
3493:
2403:of over 26 °C (79 °F). The
1172:and are divided into immigrants from
947:were all but occupied and settled by
792:after the Ilkhanid Mongols and their
287:
260:
225:
217:
204:
186:
169:
147:
90:
7:
3912:
3699:Gilan Cultural Heritage Organization
3406:from the original on 14 August 2020.
3394:Mirrazavi, Firouzeh (29 June 2014).
3375:from the original on 9 December 2017
2712:
2429:Gilan University of Medical Sciences
1010:had played an important role in the
882:, and the Circassian settlements by
61:
3787:(Oh, say it!), a Gilaki folk-song:
3594:Jahangiri, Ishaq (11 August 2019).
3250:from the original on 28 April 2018.
2656:Constitutionalist movement of Gilan
2519:Constitutionalist movement of Gilan
2362:Bandar Anzali shore, with fishermen
1044:During and several years after the
683:) sentiments. Muslim chronicles of
399:. At the center of the province is
349:
53:
3853:Mohammad-Taqi Pourahmad Jacktaji,
3458:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
3444:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
3418:"A Paradise: Gilan, North of Iran"
3318:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
3062:from the original on 23 June 2014.
3026:Islamic Parliament Research Center
2846:Guilan Government Province website
2447:Islamic Azad University of Lahijan
1221:Heritage language data as of 2022:
909:. Gilan and its capital of Rasht,
739:. Initially, the Rus' appeared in
25:
3905:Places adjacent to Gilan province
3838:, Jadid Online, 22 January 2009:
3707:(inaccessible to English readers)
3705:Masouleh Village Official website
2983:from the original on 21 July 2013
2452:Islamic Azad University of Talesh
2442:Islamic Azad University of Astara
1071:Persian Socialist Soviet Republic
1012:Constitutional Revolution of Iran
961:Persian Constitutional Revolution
907:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723)
876:, the author of the 17th century
4295:
4264:
4221:
3986:
3972:
3964:
3947:
3919:
3738:. USA: Iranian Studies Group at
3722:Gilan Province Office of Tourism
3202:The Mongol empire and its legacy
2462:Payam-e-Noor University – Talesh
2457:Islamic Azad University of Rasht
1484:
917:possession for about ten years.
376:, and north of the provinces of
92:
78:
3020:Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369).
2570:Sharif University of Technology
2504:Sharif University of Technology
809:Early modern and modern history
737:Caspian expeditions of the Rus'
4837:Rasht Municipality (city hall)
3765:Two Gilani folk-songs sung by
3246:. Brill Archive. p. 132.
1345:Mother tongue data as of 2022:
563:most closely resemble that of
360:. The province lies along the
1:
3987:
3948:
3845:Gilan's Rural Heritage Museum
3836:Gilan's Rural Geritage Museum
3240:Donald Edgar Pitcher (1968).
3058:(in Persian). 22 June 2014 .
2535:Mohammad Taghi Bahjat Foumani
2500:Mohammad Ali Mojtahedi Gilani
1065:, while being pursued by the
903:Russo-Persian War (1722-1723)
4816:Emarat-i Kulah Farangi Rasht
4342:Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh County
3973:
3965:
1358:Gilan linguistic composition
1234:Gilan linguistic composition
3805:Acta Agriculturae Slovenica
3631:Acta Agriculturae Slovenica
879:Tarikh-e Alam-Ara-ye Abbasi
755:, taking slaves and goods.
493:Stone artifacts and animal
4945:
4138:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
3180:, East and West Publishing
2562:, brain surgeon in Germany
2481:
1119:are inhabited by majority
1092:
524:
466:
372:, east of the province of
368:, west of the province of
39:Province in Region 3, Iran
29:
4293:
4219:
4078:Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
4058:
3910:
3732:"Regional Studies: Gilan"
3204:, Leiden 1999, pp. 73–125
3176:David Wilmshurst (2011),
3155:, D. Stilo, pages 137–185
3123:10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.021
2484:List of People from Gilan
2423:Colleges and universities
2388:humid subtropical climate
1457:
1447:
1442:
1432:
1427:
1417:
1412:
1402:
1397:
1387:
1382:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1331:
1323:
1318:
1308:
1303:
1293:
1288:
1278:
1273:
1263:
1258:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1130:There are four groups of
971:farmed out this trade to
939:. The Gilanian cities of
935:, which would last up to
778:but ruled independently.
577:languages of the Caucasus
547:identifies them with the
103:
91:
77:
68:
2681:Soviet Republic of Gilan
1480:Administrative divisions
1180:and became Persianized.
1031:Jangal movement of Gilan
991:and the introduction of
48:
1204:and surrounding towns.
1115:The city and county of
1020:Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
886:, among other authors.
862:peoples of the Caucasus
403:. Other cities include
230:180/km (470/sq mi)
4805:Anzali Maritime Museum
4388:Bandar-e Anzali County
4188:Sistan and Baluchestan
3818:10.2478/acas-2013-0020
3644:10.2478/acas-2013-0020
2623:, pianist and composer
2383:
2371:
2363:
1108:
1089:Language and ethnicity
728:
724:Beaker, 1100–1000 BC,
717:
656:was established under
654:metropolitan bishopric
612:invading Muslim armies
531:Gelae (Scythian tribe)
32:Gilan (disambiguation)
4879:Tea Museum of Lahijan
4852:Marlik royal cemetery
4350:Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh
3825:Hamid-Reza Hosseini,
3736:Bibliographia Iranica
2874:Encyclopædia Iranica:
2826:hdi.globaldatalab.org
2731:after the 2016 census
2611:, former king of Iran
2401:wet bulb temperatures
2377:
2369:
2361:
2354:Geography and climate
1859:Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh
1531:Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh
1106:
1016:Sepahdar-e Tonekaboni
751:as well as Gilan and
723:
712:
405:Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh
4813:Astara Cactus museum
4715:Sowme'eh Sara County
3677:Encyclopædia Iranica
3539:on 20 September 2011
3300:29 June 2015 at the
3191:Logan (1992), p. 201
3010:University of Guilán
3006:19 December 2012 at
2957:on 24 September 2015
2472:University of Guilan
2415:and mainly used for
2378:Rice cultivation in
2370:Asalem-Khalkhal road
1046:Bolshevik Revolution
829:, in 1534 and 1591.
227: • Density
4870:Kull ancient castle
4833:Heyran Gondola lift
4469:Chaf and Chamkhaleh
4008:Mazandaran province
3728:Houchang E. Chehabi
3606:on 24 November 2020
3566:Syracuse University
2977:"「2022卡塔尔」世界杯买球赛平台"
2881:17 May 2013 at the
2621:Anoushiravan Rohani
2605:, contemporary poet
2591:Alireza Jahanbakhsh
1919:Chaf and Chamkhaleh
1496:
911:which was conquered
874:Iskandar Beg Munshi
455:. The main port is
352:) is one of the 31
119: /
4791:Alshaytan Mountain
4560:Rezvanshahr County
3746:on 2 November 2021
3424:on 22 January 2023
3032:on 12 October 2016
2927:on 3 December 2013
2802:on 2 November 2019
2509:Ardeshir Mohassess
2495:Ebrahim Pourdavoud
2490:Abdul Qadir Gilani
2384:
2372:
2364:
1494:
1109:
905:and the resulting
884:Pietro Della Valle
840:ended the rule of
821:without rendering
729:
718:
650:Church of the East
622:and people of the
535:It seems that the
503:Middle Paleolithic
501:. Yarshalman is a
219: • Total
206: • Total
4929:Provinces of Iran
4911:
4910:
4845:Sajiran waterfall
4779:
4778:
4230:
4229:
4052:Provinces of Iran
4018:
4017:
4013:
4012:
3710:Shapour Bahrami,
3669:(in Persian only)
3575:on 8 October 2023
2615:Khosrow Golsorkhi
2599:, football player
2593:, football player
2568:, second head of
2515:Mirza Kuchek Khan
2351:
2350:
1807:
1806:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1150:, and Kormanj in
1039:Mohammad Ali Shah
1027:Mirza Kuchik Khan
891:Peter I of Russia
745:Volga trade route
480:Lower Paleolithic
354:provinces of Iran
339:
338:
123:37.433°N 49.550°E
16:(Redirected from
4936:
4896:Populated places
4867:Muhtasham garden
4824:Ghaziayan bridge
4315:
4299:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4234:
4225:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4022:
3990:
3989:
3976:
3975:
3968:
3967:
3959:Ardabil province
3951:
3950:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3913:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3876:
3855:Gilan Midsummer
3843:A slide show of
3822:
3820:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3742:. Archived from
3689:
3687:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3574:
3558:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3538:
3522:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3497:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3474:. Archived from
3468:
3462:
3461:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3420:. Archived from
3414:
3408:
3407:
3396:"Gilan Province"
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3346:
3340:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3314:
3305:
3290:
3284:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3217:. Archived from
3211:
3205:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3183:
3181:
3173:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3125:
3101:
3095:
3094:and MECC, Tokyo.
3091:
3085:
3082:
3076:
3073:
3064:
3063:
3056:Hamshahri Online
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3017:
3011:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2953:. Archived from
2943:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2923:. Archived from
2917:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2901:on 20 March 2015
2897:. Archived from
2891:
2885:
2872:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2851:30 June 2011 at
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2801:
2785:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2754:"Gilan Province"
2749:
2732:
2725:
2719:
2714:
2697:
1817:
1497:
1488:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1348:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1209:Kurdish language
1178:Persian language
1163:Ardabil province
616:Battle of Jalula
597:Sassanid dynasty
583:Medieval history
469:History of Gilan
392:) in the north.
351:
335:
332:
330:
299:
273:Main language(s)
195:Asadollah Abbasi
190:Governor-general
134:
133:
131:
130:
129:
124:
120:
117:
116:
115:
112:
96:
82:
63:
55:
42:
27:Province of Iran
21:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4907:
4891:
4848:Lunak waterfall
4841:Roudkhan Castle
4809:Laton Waterfall
4775:
4737:
4709:
4686:
4663:
4625:
4577:
4554:
4511:
4488:
4456:Langarud County
4450:
4427:
4400:
4396:Bandar-e Anzali
4382:
4359:
4336:
4300:
4291:
4273:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4231:
4226:
4217:
4203:West Azerbaijan
4178:Razavi Khorasan
4083:East Azerbaijan
4054:
4049:
4019:
4014:
4003:Qazvin province
3998:Zanjan province
3977:
3931:Astara District
3920:
3918:
3906:
3903:
3871:(4 min 38 sec).
3867:
3850:(5 min 41 sec).
3842:
3833:
3798:
3795:(4 min 54 sec).
3749:
3747:
3726:
3685:
3681:
3658:
3653:
3652:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3609:
3607:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3560:
3559:
3552:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3524:
3523:
3516:
3506:
3504:
3499:
3498:
3491:
3481:
3479:
3478:on 30 June 2011
3470:
3469:
3465:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3427:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3378:
3376:
3362:
3361:
3357:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3325:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3302:Wayback Machine
3291:
3287:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3222:
3221:on 6 April 2012
3213:
3212:
3208:
3199:
3195:
3190:
3186:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3163:
3159:
3151:
3147:
3110:Current Biology
3103:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3067:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2984:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2960:
2958:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2930:
2928:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2904:
2902:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2883:Wayback Machine
2873:
2869:
2862:
2858:
2844:
2840:
2830:
2828:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2787:
2786:
2775:
2765:
2763:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2727:Separated from
2726:
2722:
2715:, romanized as
2713:گیلان ٚ اۊستان
2698:
2694:
2689:
2642:
2603:Hushang Ebtehaj
2550:Ataollah Salehi
2486:
2480:
2425:
2356:
1879:Bandar-e Anzali
1812:
1563:Bandar-e Anzali
1495:Gilan Province
1482:
1473:
1464:
1463:
1455:
1440:
1425:
1410:
1395:
1380:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1316:
1301:
1286:
1271:
1256:
1193:Talysh language
1146:, Jalalvand in
1101:
1099:Talysh language
1095:Gilaki language
1091:
1086:
1063:Bandar-e Anzali
953:Russian culture
842:Khan Ahmad Khan
811:
794:Georgian allies
643:Abbasid caliphs
635:Mu'izz al-Dawla
589:Ziyarid dynasty
585:
533:
523:
476:
471:
465:
457:Bandar-e Anzali
390:Astara District
327:
316:
297:
296:
284:
280:
127:
125:
121:
118:
113:
110:
108:
106:
105:
99:
87:
73:
64:
56:
47:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4942:
4940:
4932:
4931:
4926:
4924:Gilan province
4916:
4915:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4838:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4822:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4806:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4787:
4785:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4747:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4719:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4696:
4694:
4692:Siahkal County
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4631:Roudsar County
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4587:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4564:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4535:Khoshk-e Bijar
4532:
4527:
4521:
4519:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4460:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4443:
4437:
4435:
4433:Lahijan County
4429:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4416:
4410:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4369:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4346:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4323:
4321:
4312:
4302:
4301:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4283:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4271:Gilan Province
4262:
4260:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4237:
4228:
4227:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4193:South Khorasan
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4163:North Khorasan
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4025:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3970:Gilan province
3963:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3934:
3916:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3851:
3827:Rural Heritage
3823:
3811:(2): 239–247.
3796:
3782:
3769:in the 1970s:
3763:
3757:
3756:(Bibliography)
3724:
3719:
3712:Masouleh, Iran
3708:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3679:
3670:
3664:
3657:
3656:External links
3654:
3651:
3650:
3637:(2): 239–247.
3617:
3586:
3550:
3514:
3489:
3463:
3449:
3435:
3409:
3386:
3355:
3341:
3332:
3323:
3306:
3285:
3262:
3253:
3232:
3206:
3193:
3184:
3168:
3157:
3145:
3116:(7): 668–673.
3096:
3086:
3077:
3065:
3043:
3012:
2994:
2968:
2947:"TalesHan.com"
2938:
2921:"شهر رضوانشهر"
2912:
2886:
2867:
2856:
2838:
2813:
2773:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2720:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2676:Rudkhan Castle
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2630:
2627:Shardad Rohani
2624:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2597:Jalal Hosseini
2594:
2588:
2586:Mahmoud Namjoo
2583:
2581:Houman Seyyedi
2578:
2572:
2566:Fazlollah Reza
2563:
2557:
2555:Mahmoud Behzad
2552:
2547:
2532:
2526:
2524:Arsen Minasian
2521:
2512:
2506:
2497:
2492:
2479:
2478:Notable people
2476:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2424:
2421:
2355:
2352:
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2338:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2319:
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2305:
2299:
2298:
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2289:
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2265:
2259:
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2255:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2239:
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2223:
2215:
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2205:
2204:
2201:
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2185:
2184:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2164:
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2155:
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2141:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2121:
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2105:
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2091:
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2075:
2074:
2071:
2065:
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2061:
2055:
2054:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2019:Khoshk-e Bijar
2015:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1924:
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1915:
1914:
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1895:
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1327:
1325:
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1317:
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1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1051:White émigrées
933:Caspian region
895:North Caucasus
819:Ottoman Empire
810:
807:
697:Khazar Kingdom
677:Asfar Shiruyeh
675:(for example,
584:
581:
569:South Caucasus
522:
519:
475:
472:
467:Main article:
464:
461:
342:Gilan province
337:
336:
325:
321:
320:
311:
305:
304:
293:
286:
285:
275:
269:
268:
265:
259:
258:
255:
249:
248:
238:
232:
231:
228:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
198:
197:
192:
185:
184:
180:
179:
174:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
128:37.433; 49.550
101:
100:
97:
89:
88:
85:Rudkhan Castle
83:
75:
74:
69:
66:
65:
62:گیلان ٚ اۊستان
46:Gilan Province
45:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4941:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4796:Anzali Lagoon
4794:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4782:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4743:Talesh County
4740:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4728:Gurab Zarmikh
4726:
4724:
4723:Sowme'eh Sara
4721:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4683:
4682:Ahmadsargurab
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4583:Rudbar County
4580:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4545:Lasht-e Nesha
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
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4520:
4518:
4514:
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4500:
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4491:
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4480:
4477:
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4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4453:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4403:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4366:
4365:Astara County
4362:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4319:Amlash County
4316:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4298:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4258:
4253:
4251:
4246:
4244:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4224:
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4211:
4209:
4206:
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4179:
4176:
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4156:
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4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
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4096:
4094:
4091:
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4060:
4057:
4053:
4046:
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4034:
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4027:
4026:
4023:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
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3992:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3971:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
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3946:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3928:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3900:
3895:
3893:
3888:
3886:
3881:
3880:
3877:
3870:
3865:
3863:(in Persian:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3840:
3837:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3778:Darling Leila
3774:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3762:(in Persian)
3761:
3758:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:, Photo Set,
3713:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3675:entry in the
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
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3567:
3563:
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3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3296:
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3274:
3273:
3266:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3249:
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3216:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3179:
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3166:
3161:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3146:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3097:
3090:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3072:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3008:archive.today
3005:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2982:
2978:
2972:
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2942:
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2926:
2922:
2916:
2913:
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2871:
2868:
2865:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2853:archive.today
2850:
2847:
2842:
2839:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2761:
2760:
2759:OpenStreetMap
2755:
2748:
2745:
2738:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2717:Gilān-e Ustān
2710:
2706:
2705:Ostān-e Gilān
2702:
2696:
2693:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2666:Gilani people
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2633:Shahin Najafi
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2575:Mohammad Moin
2573:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:, founder of
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:, founder of
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
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2443:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2396:Siberian High
2392:
2389:
2381:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2323:Sowme'eh Sara
2321:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2274:
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2256:
2254:
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2250:
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2240:
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2234:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2212:
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2202:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2192:
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2187:
2186:
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2176:
2172:
2170:
2167:
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2147:
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2140:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2127:
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2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:Lasht-e Nesha
2077:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1959:Gurab Zarmikh
1957:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1930:
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1926:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1912:
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1856:
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1832:
1830:
1829:Ahmadsargurab
1827:
1826:
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1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
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1780:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1764:
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1756:
1755:Sowme'eh Sara
1753:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1729:
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1060:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
990:
986:
980:
978:
974:
970:
964:
962:
958:
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950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
899:Transcaucasia
896:
892:
887:
885:
881:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
830:
828:
827:Sublime Porte
824:
820:
816:
808:
806:
803:
797:
795:
791:
787:
784:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:
722:
715:
711:
707:
705:
700:
698:
695:, and in the
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
665:
663:
662:Zaydi Shiʿism
659:
655:
651:
646:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
610:warlords and
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
593:Buyid dynasty
590:
582:
580:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
532:
528:
521:Early history
520:
518:
516:
512:
511:Chapalak Cave
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
473:
470:
462:
460:
458:
454:
453:Sowme'eh Sara
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
384:. It borders
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
347:
343:
334:
326:
319:
315:
312:
310:
303:
294:
291:
283:
279:
276:
274:
266:
264:
263:ISO 3166 code
256:
254:
246:
242:
239:
237:
229:
221:
208:
196:
193:
191:
188: •
177:
175:
173:
166:
163:
156:
153:
151:
144:
141:
132:
104:Coordinates:
95:
86:
81:
72:
67:
59:
51:
43:
37:
33:
19:
4883:Zahed Gilani
4873:Rasht museum
4820:Estil Lagoon
4669:Shaft County
4517:Rasht County
4494:Masal County
4406:Fuman County
4092:
3969:
3936:
3854:
3844:
3835:
3826:
3808:
3804:
3784:
3777:
3771:
3767:Shusha Guppy
3748:. Retrieved
3744:the original
3735:
3711:
3695:(in English)
3634:
3630:
3620:
3608:. Retrieved
3604:the original
3599:
3589:
3577:. Retrieved
3570:the original
3565:
3543:25 September
3541:. Retrieved
3534:the original
3529:
3505:. Retrieved
3480:. Retrieved
3476:the original
3466:
3452:
3438:
3426:. Retrieved
3422:the original
3412:
3399:
3389:
3377:. Retrieved
3368:
3358:
3344:
3335:
3326:
3293:
3288:
3271:
3265:
3256:
3242:
3235:
3223:. Retrieved
3219:the original
3209:
3201:
3196:
3187:
3177:
3171:
3160:
3152:
3148:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3089:
3080:
3055:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3030:the original
3025:
3015:
2997:
2985:. Retrieved
2971:
2959:. Retrieved
2955:the original
2951:taleshan.com
2950:
2941:
2929:. Retrieved
2925:the original
2915:
2903:. Retrieved
2899:the original
2889:
2870:
2859:
2841:
2831:13 September
2829:. Retrieved
2825:
2816:
2804:. Retrieved
2797:the original
2792:
2764:. Retrieved
2762:(in Persian)
2757:
2747:
2729:Rasht County
2723:
2716:
2704:
2695:
2646:Aroos-Gooleh
2529:Hazin Lahiji
2511:, cartoonist
2409:
2393:
2386:Gilan has a
2385:
2226:
2218:
1813:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1490:
1483:
1474:
1344:
1343:
1220:
1219:
1213:
1206:
1186:
1182:
1167:
1156:
1129:
1121:Azerbaijanis
1114:
1110:
1084:Demographics
1075:
1056:
1049:
1043:
1024:
997:
981:
965:
919:
888:
877:
860:, and other
838:Shah Abbas I
831:
812:
798:
781:In 1307 the
780:
776:Alborz range
757:
730:
714:Iran forests
701:
671:were openly
666:
658:Shubhalishoʿ
647:
632:
628:
605:
586:
534:
507:Neanderthals
492:
484:Darband Cave
477:
394:
364:, in Iran's
341:
340:
176:
36:
4828:Heyran road
4568:Rezvanshahr
4540:Kuchesfahan
4507:Bazar Jomeh
3938:Caspian Sea
3750:11 February
3579:19 December
3225:23 November
3036:12 December
2806:19 December
2671:Gill (clan)
2560:Majid Samii
2233:Rezvanshahr
2039:Kuchesfahan
1899:Bazar Jomeh
1823:Population
1675:Rezvanshahr
1000:World War I
870:Circassians
854:Circassians
733:Caspian Sea
673:Zoroastrian
669:Mesopotamia
614:was at the
601:Mesopotamia
474:Paleolithic
362:Caspian Sea
350:استان گیلان
126: /
54:استان گیلان
4918:Categories
4888:Tea museum
4876:Sheitankoh
4801:Astarachay
4616:Rostamabad
4378:Lavandevil
4158:Mazandaran
4128:Kermanshah
3927:Azerbaijan
3662:Guilan.net
3482:3 December
3369:eva.mpg.de
3281:0521200954
2739:References
2482:See also:
2413:Mazandaran
2391:of Rain".
2243:Rostamabad
2139:Manjilabad
2089:Lavandevil
1792:2,381,063
1471:Population
1127:minority.
1093:See also:
1067:Bolsheviks
1059:Mazandaran
815:suzerainty
753:Mazandaran
693:al-Andalus
630:to Islam.
567:and other
525:See also:
488:Siah Varud
386:Azerbaijan
370:Mazandaran
214:Population
183:Government
4885:'s Shrine
4864:Mausoleum
4733:Marjaghal
4654:Rahimabad
4644:Chaboksar
4573:Pareh Sar
4446:Roudboneh
4143:Kurdistan
4133:Khuzestan
4108:Hormozgan
3610:3 October
3400:Masjed.ir
3182:, p. 166.
2987:12 August
2931:12 August
2701:romanized
2661:Fish head
2651:Biah Pish
2199:Rahimabad
2189:Pareh Sar
2149:Marjaghal
1909:Chaboksar
1802:2,530,696
1797:2,480,874
925:1804–1813
866:Georgians
858:Armenians
850:Georgians
836:emperor,
764:Ghaznavid
685:Varangian
608:Deylamite
565:Georgians
541:Sefid-Rud
517:shelter.
515:Khalvasht
499:Chibanian
309:Others(s)
298:very high
253:Area code
241:UTC+03:30
236:Time zone
222:2,530,696
4857:Masouleh
4751:Hashtpar
4705:Deilaman
4659:Vajargah
4649:Kelachay
4621:Tutkabon
4601:Jirandeh
4596:Barehsar
4464:Langarud
4423:Maklavan
4355:Kiashahr
4306:Counties
4148:Lorestan
4098:Golestan
3785:Āhā Bugu
3772:The Rain
3507:11 April
3404:Archived
3379:28 April
3373:Archived
3350:"Gilaki"
3298:Archived
3248:Archived
3132:16581511
3060:Archived
3004:Archived
2981:Archived
2961:28 April
2905:18 March
2879:Archived
2849:Archived
2640:See also
2609:Mardavij
2343:Vajargah
2333:Tutkabon
2263:Rudboneh
2129:Maklavan
2069:Langarud
2063:101,073
2029:Kiashahr
1999:Kelachay
1989:Jirandeh
1969:Hashtpar
1939:Deylaman
1889:Barehsar
1883:118,564
1781:200,649
1765:125,074
1717:147,399
1669:956,971
1637:140,686
1627:Langarud
1621:167,544
1573:139,016
1541:108,130
1500:Counties
1363:language
1239:language
1202:Hashtpar
1159:Khalkhal
1152:Hashtpar
1148:Langroud
1123:, and a
1107:Masouleh
977:Armenian
949:Russians
772:Safavids
741:Serkland
681:Mardavij
620:Persians
557:Caucasus
553:Dagestan
527:Caspians
425:Langarud
417:Hashtpar
366:Region 3
172:Counties
155:Region 3
71:Province
4700:Siahkal
4639:Roudsar
4606:Lowshan
4484:Shalman
4479:Otaqvar
4474:Kumeleh
4441:Lahijan
4419:Masuleh
4279:Capital
4153:Markazi
4118:Isfahan
4103:Hamadan
4073:Bushehr
4068:Ardabil
3793:YouTube
3730:(ed.).
3573:(Excel)
3537:(Excel)
3428:8 March
3140:7883334
2800:(Excel)
2756:(Map).
2539:Twelver
2382:, Gilan
2380:Lahijan
2327:47,083
2317:19,924
2313:Siahkal
2303:Shalman
2287:12,583
2277:37,998
2257:10,504
2247:13,746
2237:19,519
2225:679,995
2203:10,571
2179:Otaqvar
2169:Masuleh
2163:17,901
2143:15,630
2119:Luleman
2113:13,032
2109:Lowshan
2093:11,235
2083:10,539
2073:79,445
2059:Lahijan
2049:Kumeleh
2043:10,026
2033:14,022
2013:20,897
2003:12,379
1973:54,178
1953:35,841
1873:51,579
1863:44,941
1853:10,720
1843:15,444
1778:189,933
1775:179,499
1762:127,757
1759:129,629
1749:46,975
1739:Siahkal
1733:54,226
1714:144,366
1711:144,576
1707:Ruddsar
1701:94,720
1698:100,943
1695:101,884
1685:69,865
1666:918,445
1663:847,680
1653:52,649
1634:137,272
1631:133,133
1618:168,829
1615:161,491
1611:Lahijan
1589:92,310
1570:138,004
1567:130,851
1557:91,257
1538:105,526
1535:107,801
1525:43,225
1454:
1439:
1434:Kurdish
1424:
1409:
1394:
1379:
1374:Persian
1368:percent
1328:
1315:
1300:
1295:Kurdish
1285:
1270:
1255:
1244:percent
1215:Persian
1008:Gilanis
929:1826–28
915:Russian
834:Safavid
825:to the
823:tribute
817:of the
790:Mongols
786:Öljeitü
760:Turkish
716:, Gilan
639:Baghdad
573:Iranian
549:Cadusii
495:fossils
463:History
449:Siahkal
429:Masuleh
421:Lahijan
374:Ardabil
346:Persian
324:Website
314:Persian
282:Talyshi
161:Capital
139:Country
114:49°33′E
111:37°26′N
50:Persian
4784:Sights
4761:Chubar
4756:Asalem
4611:Manjil
4591:Rudbar
4550:Sangar
4530:Khomam
4373:Astara
4332:Rankuh
4327:Amlash
4310:cities
4213:Zanjan
4198:Tehran
4183:Semnan
4168:Qazvin
4123:Kerman
4063:Alborz
3924:
3857:Nowruz
3716:flickr
3503:. 2021
3279:
3138:
3130:
2876:Manjil
2766:22 May
2709:Gilaki
2531:, poet
2405:Alborz
2347:4,537
2337:1,510
2307:5,102
2297:8,184
2283:Sangar
2273:Rudsar
2267:3,441
2253:Rudbar
2213:2,154
2209:Rankuh
2193:8,016
2183:1,938
2153:6,735
2133:1,635
2123:7,426
2103:3,647
2053:6,457
2023:7,245
2009:Khomam
1993:2,320
1983:4,261
1963:4,840
1943:1,729
1933:5,554
1929:Chubar
1923:8,840
1913:8,224
1903:5,729
1893:1,612
1869:Astara
1849:Asalem
1839:Amlash
1833:2,128
1810:Cities
1771:Talesh
1746:47,096
1743:46,991
1730:58,543
1727:63,375
1691:Rudbar
1682:66,909
1679:64,193
1650:52,496
1647:47,648
1595:Khomam
1586:93,737
1583:96,788
1554:86,757
1551:79,416
1547:Astara
1522:44,261
1519:46,108
1515:Amlash
1419:Turkic
1404:Talysh
1398:25.72%
1389:Gilaki
1383:59.79%
1289:13.38%
1280:Turkic
1274:19.71%
1265:Talysh
1259:65.03%
1250:Gilaki
1198:Astara
1191:, the
1174:Tehran
1140:Rudbar
1125:Talysh
1117:Astara
1037:ruler
1004:Tehran
998:After
985:Qajars
945:Anzali
921:Qajars
802:Qazvin
783:Ilkhan
768:Seljuk
749:Gorgan
726:Marlik
704:Buyids
561:Gilaks
451:, and
441:Rudsar
437:Rudbar
433:Manjil
409:Astara
397:Talysh
382:Qazvin
378:Zanjan
331:.gilan
292:(2017)
278:Gilaki
150:Region
58:Gilaki
18:Guilan
4771:Lisar
4766:Haviq
4677:Shaft
4525:Rasht
4502:Masal
4414:Fuman
4287:Rasht
4093:Gilan
3789:Video
3686:(PDF)
3673:Gilan
3304:p 142
3283:p 321
3136:S2CID
2699:Also
2687:Notes
2545:Marja
2542:Shi'a
2293:Shaft
2220:Rasht
2159:Masal
2099:Lisar
1979:Haviq
1949:Fuman
1787:Total
1723:Shaft
1659:Rasht
1643:Masal
1579:Fuman
1509:2016
1443:0.45%
1428:5.82%
1413:8.08%
1324:Other
1319:0.32%
1304:1.16%
1189:Gilan
1170:Rasht
1144:Rasht
1136:Rasht
1132:Kurds
1035:Qajar
973:Greek
941:Rasht
689:Egypt
545:Pliny
537:Gelae
445:Shaft
413:Fuman
401:Rasht
358:Rasht
318:Azeri
295:0.805
267:IR-01
165:Rasht
4862:Moin
4308:and
4208:Yazd
4113:Ilam
4088:Fars
3752:2017
3612:2023
3581:2022
3545:2022
3530:AMAR
3509:2022
3484:2011
3430:2023
3381:2018
3277:ISBN
3227:2011
3128:PMID
3038:2023
2989:2013
2963:2018
2933:2013
2907:2015
2833:2018
2808:2022
2793:AMAR
2768:2024
2417:rice
2173:393
1820:City
1506:2011
1503:2006
1458:0.1%
1449:Luri
1332:0.4%
1310:Luri
1207:The
1138:and
1097:and
989:rice
975:and
969:Shah
957:1946
943:and
937:1946
927:and
868:and
846:Shah
832:The
766:and
758:The
702:The
648:The
591:and
529:and
513:and
380:and
302:11th
245:IRST
201:Area
143:Iran
4173:Qom
3813:doi
3809:101
3791:on
3740:MIT
3639:doi
3635:101
3118:doi
2703:as
1161:of
993:tea
624:Rey
333:.ir
329:www
290:HDI
257:013
4920::
4421:,
3866:).
3841:.
3807:.
3803:.
3775:,
3734:.
3633:.
3629:.
3598:.
3564:.
3553:^
3528:.
3517:^
3492:^
3402:.
3398:.
3371:.
3367:.
3309:^
3134:.
3126:.
3114:16
3112:.
3108:.
3068:^
3054:.
3024:.
2979:.
2949:.
2824:.
2791:.
2776:^
2711::
2707:;
2537:,
1605:—
1200:,
1165:.
1154:.
1022:.
1014:.
963:.
897:,
856:,
852:,
699:.
691:,
664:.
603:.
579:.
482:.
447:,
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439:,
435:,
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423:,
419:,
415:,
411:,
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300:·
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3898:e
3891:t
3884:v
3832:.
3821:.
3815::
3781:.
3754:.
3718:.
3647:.
3641::
3614:.
3583:.
3547:.
3511:.
3486:.
3460:.
3446:.
3432:.
3383:.
3352:.
3320:.
3229:.
3142:.
3120::
3040:.
2991:.
2965:.
2935:.
2909:.
2835:.
2810:.
2770:.
1602:—
1599:—
388:(
344:(
247:)
243:(
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
