500:
2040:
72:
2935:
2614:شماره کتابشناسی ملی:۲۸۷۹۶۷۷/طرح بررسی و سنجش شاخصهای فرهنگ عمومی کشور (شاخصهای غیرثبتی){گزارش}:استان گیلان/به سفارش شورای فرهنگ عمومی کشور؛ مدیر طرح و مسئول سیاست گذاری:منصور واعظی؛ اجرا:شرکت پژوهشگران خبره پارس -شابک:۱-۶۰-۶۶۲۷-۶۰۰-۹۷۸ *وضعیت نشر:تهران-موسسه انتشارات کتاب نشر ۱۳۹۱ *وضعیت ظاهری:۲۸۵ ص:جدول (بخش رنگی)، نمودار (بخش رنگی)
2628:طرح بررسی و سنجش شاخصهای فرهنگ عمومی کشور (شاخصهای غیرثبتی){گزارش}:استان قزوین/به سفارش شورای فرهنگ عمومی کشور؛ مدیر طرح و مسئول سیاست گذاری:منصور واعظی؛ اجرا:شرکت پژوهشگران خبره پارس -شابک:۳-۵۳-۶۶۲۷-۶۰۰-۹۷۸ *وضعیت نشر:تهران-موسسه انتشارات کتاب نشر ۱۳۹۱ *وضعیت ظاهری:۲۶۸ ص:جدول (بخش رنگی)، نمودار (بخش رنگی)
523:
provinces. Gilaki is spoken in different regions with different dialects and accents. The number of Gilaki speakers is estimated at 3 to 4 million. Ethnologue reports that the use of Gilaki is decreasing as the speaker population is decreasing.
1663:. The accusative form is often used to express the simple indirect object in addition to the direct object. A noun in the genitive comes before the word it modifies. These "cases" are in origin actually just particles, similar to Persian
2641:
422:
have slight variations to the way they speak. These "sub-dialects" are Rashti, Rudbari, Some’e Sarai, Lahijani, Langerudi, Rudesari, Bandar Anzali, Fumani, Alamouti and
Taleghani.
1170:(depending on the vowel in the stem) added to the indicative forms. Final /e/ neutralizes to /ə/ in the 3rd singular and the plural invariably lacks final /i/.
3197:
2923:
2361:
2778:
275:
2882:
3802:
2856:
2525:
2088:
359:
have similar vocabularies. The Gilaki and
Mazandarani languages (but not other Iranian languages) share certain typological features with
2735:
2489:
2061:
2901:
3190:
2916:
287:
532:
Gilaki has the same consonants as
Persian, but different vowels. Here is a table of correspondences for the Western Gilaki of
340:
168:
499:
488:
484:
2217:
The Tati language group in the sociolinguistic context of
Northwestern Iran and Transcaucasia By D.Stilo, pages 137-185
3164:
2388:خائفی، عباس (۱۳۹۵). "بررسي ماضي نقلي در گويش هاي حاشيه درياي خزر". گردهمايي انجمن ترويج زبان و ادب فارسي ايران. ۱۱: ۲۰
2362:
Stilo, Don "A Description of the
Northwest Iranian Project at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology"
3812:
3807:
3183:
2909:
3633:
3470:
3245:
429:. The intermediate dialects of the area between Tonokābon and Kalārdašt serve as a transition between Gilaki and
163:
2851:. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Vol. 19. Translated by Lockwood, Ronald M. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet.
2479:
2460:
2254:
297:
259:
2787:
437:, and so these dialects should probably be considered a third separate language group of the Caspian area. In
265:
2549:"Die iranischen Sprachen in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Wiesbaden, Reichert Verlag, 2000, IX + 106 p., 1 carte"
3698:
2872:
372:
148:
2588:
3220:
2039:
1031:
1009:
1005:
989:
982:
977:
965:
960:
955:
950:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
906:
901:
896:
891:
881:
874:
869:
864:
859:
817:
810:
800:
795:
790:
780:
773:
743:
738:
733:
726:
721:
717:
712:
705:
700:
696:
692:
687:
680:
675:
667:
660:
655:
650:
643:
638:
633:
626:
621:
617:
612:
605:
600:
595:
588:
583:
579:
575:
570:
563:
558:
553:
213:
153:
3779:
3159:
3561:
2777:
Christensen, Arthur
Emanuel (1930). "Dialect Guiläkī de Recht" [The Gilaki dialect of Rasht].
3616:
3556:
3350:
3090:
3085:
3044:
3024:
2972:
2786:. Kgl. danske videnskabernes selskab. Historisk-filologiske meddelelser. Vol. 17. Archived from
2165:
450:
434:
433:. The differences in forms and vocabulary lead to a low mutual intelligibility with either Gilaki or
430:
426:
364:
356:
352:
3772:
3314:
3267:
2873:
Scientific
Information Database of the Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research
2075:
512:
438:
412:
360:
3687:
3664:
3654:
3401:
3287:
2191:
442:
380:
2311:
2845:
Rastorgueva, V. S.; Kerimova, A. A.; Mamedzade, A. K.; Pireiko, L. A.; Edel’man, D. I. (2012).
2446:
2227:
274:
3679:
3659:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3485:
3454:
3412:
3343:
3292:
3262:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3206:
3100:
3080:
2939:
2852:
2846:
2731:
2570:
2521:
2485:
2237:
2183:
2084:
2057:
336:
332:
173:
158:
3708:
3693:
3669:
3604:
3544:
3539:
3524:
3518:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3448:
3356:
3297:
3282:
3143:
3138:
3130:
3110:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3034:
2997:
2982:
2956:
2723:
2560:
2513:
2233:
2173:
1988:
3649:
3621:
3611:
3569:
3512:
3376:
3371:
3319:
3254:
3120:
3105:
3095:
3039:
3009:
2977:
520:
516:
468:
140:
38:
2169:
3768:
3726:
3713:
3428:
3417:
3366:
3309:
3303:
3277:
3272:
3115:
508:
457:
408:
400:
396:
392:
208:
203:
86:
2282:
251:
3796:
3674:
3628:
3549:
3439:
3422:
3014:
3002:
1362:). The accent can fall on the last syllable of the participle or on the stem itself:
376:
120:
2154:"Concomitant Replacement of Language and mtDNA in South Caspian Populations of Iran"
2896:
2565:
2548:
2195:
461:
31:
1457:
This form is often found in the protasis and apodosis of unreal conditions, e.g.,
71:
3719:
2505:
2373:
2135:
2104:
404:
344:
109:
2517:
2428:
2152:
Nasidze, I; Quinque, D; Rahmani, M; Alemohamad, SA; Stoneking, M (April 2006).
17:
3394:
2892:
2888:
2178:
2153:
2032:
1834:
The 3rd person (demonstrative) pronouns are regular: /un/, /u.ˈʃan/, /i.ˈʃan/
90:
2877:
2832:[The Present Perfect Tense in the Dialects of Mazandaran and Gilan].
2574:
3576:
2054:
Dictionary of
Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages
446:
244:
228:
2751:
2717:
2187:
1213:
of both the indicative and the subjunctive is formed in the same way, with
2727:
2666:
2121:
2027:
1643:
to do the work of many particles and prepositions in
English and Persian.
235:
3529:
2987:
2883:
Dictionary of Gilaki (Dialect of
Lahijan) and some of its characteristics
2402:
1655:(or, better, unmarked, as it can serve other grammatical functions), the
368:
367:), reflecting the history, ethnic identity, and close relatedness to the
305:
293:
1571:
in Gilaki, whose forms differ slightly from simple verbs. Most notably,
3749:
3381:
3336:
2716:
Held, Colbert C.; Cummings, John Thomas; Cotter, John V. (4 May 2018).
301:
2229:تاریخ بدخشان / تالیف میرزاسنگ محمدبدخشی ؛ باتصحیح و تحشیه منوچهر ستوده
1921:
The personal pronouns have special forms with "-re": mere, tere, etc.
3534:
3388:
3361:
3029:
2992:
472:
348:
98:
94:
3175:
2826:
2352:«محمود رنجبر» و «رقیه رادمرد»؛ «بررسی وتوصیف گویش گالشی»؛ نشر گیلکان
2083:. Translated by Lockwood, Ronald M. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.
2691:
1242:. To this are added unaccented personal endings and the unaccented
503:
Map depicting areas where the various dialects of Gilaki are spoken
1979:
Examples for possessive constructions of nouns in Western Gilaki:
1050:
The verb system of Gilaki is very similar to that of Persian. All
536:, which will be the variety used in the remainder of the article:
533:
498:
487:, although in sentences employing certain tenses the order may be
483:
Gilaki, is an inflected and genderless language. It is considered
419:
3703:
2942:
2934:
2589:"IRAN vi. IRANIAN LANGUAGES AND SCRIPTS – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
2208:
Academic American Encyclopedia By Grolier Incorporated, page 294
82:
3179:
2905:
2481:
Turkic-Iranian Contact Areas: Historical and Linguistic Aspects
37:"Gilak language" redirects here. Not to be confused with
1469:
There are two very common paraphrastic constructions for the
1062:, where V: is a long vowel (from contraction of an original
2447:"روزنامه ولایت قزوین - استان قزوین؛ گنجینه زبانهای ایرانی"
304:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
2340:محمود رنجبر، رقیه رادمرد (۱۳۸۲)، بررسی و توصیف گویش گالشی
1461:"If I were to see/saw/had seen Akbar, I would be happy".
471:, Gilaki is spoken in northern parts of the province, in
403:. The western and eastern dialects are separated by the
1110:
is formed by adding the personal endings to this stem:
2827:"Māzi-ye Naqli dar Guyeshhā-ye Gilaki va Mazandarāni"
751:
There are nine vowel phonemes in the Gilaki language:
425:
Progressing to the east, Gilaki gradually blends into
407:, while Galeshi is spoken in the mountains of eastern
30:"Giliki" redirects here. For the village in Iran, see
2319:
1945:
Example for adjectival modification: Western Gilaki:
1737:
The 1st and 2nd person pronouns have special forms:
507:
Gilaki is the language of the majority of people in
3742:
3642:
3478:
3469:
3328:
3253:
3244:
3213:
3152:
3129:
3073:
2965:
2949:
2147:
2145:
1933:come before the noun they modify, and may have the
1651:There are essentially three "cases" in Gilaki, the
418:There are three main dialects but larger cities in
258:
242:
226:
221:
197:
137:
127:
115:
104:
78:
48:
2818:Grammatical Characteristics and Glossary of Gilaki
2805:A Grammatical Study of the Gilaki dialect of Rasht
1589:, coming between the prefix and the stem. So from
2814:Vižegihā-ye Dasturi va Farhang-e vāžehā-ye Gilaki
2136:"OLAC resources in and about the Gilaki language"
279:Areas where Gilaki is spoken as the mother tongue
2312:"دانشنامه جهان اسلام بنیاد دائرة المعارف اسلامی"
2232:. Afghanistan Centre at Kabul University. 1988.
1941:. They do not agree with the nouns they modify.
27:Iranian language spoken in Gilan Province, Iran
2506:"The Stateless Nations and the European Union"
2316:دانشنامه جهان اسلام بنیاد دائرة المعارف اسلامی
1406:A curious innovation of Western Gilaki is the
1070:is usually related to the infinitive, and the
3191:
2917:
2348:
2346:
511:and also a native and well-known language in
391:The language is divided into three dialects:
8:
2801:Barresi-ye dastur-e guyesh-e Gilaki-ye Rasht
2105:"GILAN x. LANGUAGES – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
1459:mən agə Əkbəra bidé bim, xušhal bubosti bim,
1298:is formed with what was originally a suffix
326:
318:
60:
54:
453:, it is still considered a Gilaki dialect.
3475:
3250:
3198:
3184:
3176:
2924:
2910:
2902:
2780:Contributions à la dialectologie iranienne
2478:Johanson, Lars; Bulut, Christiane (2006).
1615:. The same applies to the negative of the
273:
45:
2564:
2238:10.29171/azu_acku_ds375_bay43_meem38_1367
2177:
1575:is never prefixed onto the stem, and the
1342:is paraphrastically formed with the verb
2807:] (Dissertation). Tehran University.
2116:
2114:
1852:
1786:
1739:
1729:, especially before some postpositions.
1677:
1525:
1484:
1420:
1410:, which is formed with the (artificial)
1364:
1304:
1252:
1172:
1112:
964:
934:
827:
753:
538:
449:. Although the dialect is influenced by
2017:
460:is spoken throughout the valley of the
298:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
2829:ماضی نقلی در گویش های مازندران و گیلان
2305:
2303:
2277:
2275:
2249:
2247:
2056:. Columbia University Press. p. 226.
2023:
2021:
1675:For the word "per", father, we have:
196:
7:
1238:, "to eat", we get the perfect stem
319:
55:
1350:, which is in turn formed with the
3778:Languages between parentheses are
2374:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
2283:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
441:, Gilaki is spoken in the city of
355:. The two languages of Gilaki and
25:
3752:(unknown further classification)
2933:
2255:"ALAMŪT – Encyclopaedia Iranica"
2038:
1999:in Persian). In Eastern Gilaki:
1635:Gilaki employs a combination of
1354:(which can assimilate to become
1094:, "to see", we get present stem
70:
1074:is just the infinitive without
351:. Gilaki is closely related to
3803:Northwestern Iranian languages
3782:of the language on their left.
2820:]. Rasht: Nashr-e Gilakan.
2795:(translated into Persian 1995)
2566:10.4000/abstractairanica.35151
1953:(red flower). Eastern Gilaki:
1631:Nouns, cases and postpositions
1082:(in the case of vowel stems).
1:
2547:Huyse, Philip (15 May 2002).
1471:present and past progressives
89:and parts of the province of
2887:Open access recordings of a
2812:Sartippur, Jahangir (1990).
2512:, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012,
2484:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
2318:(in Persian). Archived from
1883:from, than (in comparisons)
1607:, and the negative of both,
1030:
1004:
988:
981:
976:
959:
954:
949:
939:
929:
924:
919:
905:
900:
895:
890:
880:
873:
868:
863:
858:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
805:
785:
768:
327:
61:
3165:Qahveh Khaneh Sign Language
2074:Rastorgueva, V. S. (2012).
1725:The genitive can change to
3829:
2878:Sample recording in Gilaki
2518:10.1057/9781137008206.0011
1158:is formed with the prefix
36:
29:
3759:
2799:Purriyahi, Masud (1971).
2179:10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.021
284:
272:
69:
53:
2828:
1974:Possessive constructions
133:1.45 million (2021)
108:Southwest coast of the
2895:are available through
1473:. From the infinitive
504:
458:eastern Gilaki dialect
286:This article contains
3160:Persian Sign Language
2825:Shokri, Giti (1998).
2728:10.4324/9780429493454
2465:Encyclopaedia Iranica
2433:Encyclopaedia Iranica
2052:Dalb, Andrew (1998).
1846:can be combined many
1659:, and the (definite)
917:voiceless fricatives
502:
343:, spoken in south of
3773:historical languages
2834:Nāme-ye Farhangestān
2719:Middle East Patterns
1983:(Mæhin's children) (
1246:prefix (or accented
1221:of the subjunctive.
1090:From the infinitive
825:The consonants are:
671:(perhaps allophonic)
365:Kartvelian languages
169:Northwestern Iranian
2848:The Gilaki Language
2322:on 12 November 2019
2170:2006CBio...16..668N
2077:The Gilaki Language
1602:present subjunctive
1593:, "to get", we get
1481:Present progressive
1477:, "to go", we get:
1346:, "to be", and the
1250:for the negative):
1156:present subjunctive
1150:Present subjunctive
830:
361:Caucasian languages
341:Northwestern branch
3074:Minority languages
2966:Regional languages
2793:on 9 January 2024.
2646:www.chalouscity.ir
1995:(garden flowers) (
1637:quasi-case endings
1595:present indicative
1108:present indicative
1102:Present indicative
947:voiced fricatives
829:Gilaki Consonants
828:
505:
381:Mazandarani people
3813:Caspian languages
3808:Languages of Iran
3790:
3789:
3738:
3737:
3465:
3464:
3207:Iranian languages
3173:
3172:
3131:Working languages
2950:Official language
2858:978-91-554-8419-4
2593:iranicaonline.org
2553:Abstracta Iranica
2527:978-1-137-00820-6
2510:Stateless Nations
2287:iranicaonline.org
2259:iranicaonline.org
2090:978-91-554-8419-4
2036:(27th ed., 2024)
1919:
1918:
1832:
1831:
1785:
1784:
1723:
1722:
1560:
1559:
1519:
1518:
1455:
1454:
1399:
1398:
1331:
1330:
1287:
1286:
1207:
1206:
1147:
1146:
1043:
1042:
823:
822:
749:
748:
672:
548:Example (Gilaki)
456:Furthermore, the
373:Caucasian peoples
335:belonging to the
312:
311:
294:rendering support
290:phonetic symbols.
16:(Redirected from
3820:
3634:Zoroastrian Dari
3476:
3251:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3177:
3065:Khorasani Turkic
2938:
2937:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2903:
2862:
2841:
2821:
2808:
2794:
2792:
2785:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2696:www.statoids.com
2692:"Iran Provinces"
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2568:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2370:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2350:
2341:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2279:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2181:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2109:
2108:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2082:
2071:
2065:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2025:
1985:Bæče-ha-ye Mæhin
1949:(big children),
1853:
1787:
1740:
1678:
1582:can act like an
1526:
1522:Past progressive
1485:
1421:
1416:+past participle
1408:past subjunctive
1402:Past subjunctive
1365:
1305:
1253:
1173:
1113:
1033:
1011:
1007:
991:
984:
979:
967:
962:
957:
952:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
908:
903:
898:
893:
883:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:voiceless stops
831:
819:
812:
802:
797:
792:
782:
775:
754:
745:
740:
735:
728:
723:
719:
714:
707:
702:
698:
694:
689:
682:
677:
670:
669:
662:
657:
652:
645:
640:
635:
628:
623:
619:
614:
607:
602:
597:
590:
585:
581:
577:
572:
565:
560:
555:
539:
337:Caspian subgroup
333:Iranian language
330:
325:
322:
321:
277:
268:
254:
238:
231:
143:
74:
64:
58:
57:
46:
21:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3785:
3755:
3734:
3638:
3461:
3324:
3240:
3209:
3204:
3174:
3169:
3148:
3125:
3069:
2961:
2945:
2932:
2930:
2893:basic word list
2869:
2859:
2844:
2830:
2824:
2811:
2798:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2773:
2771:Further reading
2768:
2767:
2757:
2755:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2738:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2642:"شهرداری چالوس"
2640:
2639:
2635:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2597:
2595:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2492:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2310:ریاحی /, وحید.
2309:
2308:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2281:
2280:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2253:
2252:
2245:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2151:
2150:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2120:
2119:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2080:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2051:
2047:
2037:
2026:
2019:
2014:
1976:
1927:
1840:
1735:
1673:
1649:
1633:
1577:negative prefix
1567:There are many
1565:
1524:
1483:
1467:
1404:
1348:past participle
1336:
1292:
1232:
1227:
1217:instead of the
1152:
1104:
1088:
1048:
530:
497:
481:
469:Qazvin province
401:Galeshi/Deylami
389:
323:
292:Without proper
280:
264:
250:
234:
227:
193:
164:Western Iranian
144:
141:Language family
139:
130:
129:Native speakers
42:
39:Gilyak language
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Gileki language
15:
12:
11:
5:
3826:
3824:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3795:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3776:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3727:Middle Persian
3723:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3691:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3587:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3522:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3425:
3420:
3398:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3359:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3259:
3257:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3231:Middle Iranian
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3153:Sign languages
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3116:Zargari Romani
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2946:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2868:
2867:External links
2865:
2864:
2863:
2857:
2842:
2822:
2809:
2796:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2743:
2736:
2708:
2683:
2658:
2633:
2619:
2605:
2580:
2539:
2526:
2497:
2490:
2470:
2452:
2438:
2420:
2393:
2379:
2365:
2354:
2342:
2333:
2299:
2271:
2243:
2219:
2210:
2201:
2141:
2127:
2110:
2096:
2089:
2066:
2045:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1965:(dull knife) (
1957:(cold water) (
1947:pilla-yi zakan
1937:"case ending"
1926:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1734:
1731:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1672:
1669:
1648:
1645:
1632:
1629:
1569:compound verbs
1564:
1563:Compound verbs
1561:
1558:
1557:
1556:šón də/di bid
1554:
1550:
1549:
1548:šón də/di bid
1546:
1542:
1541:
1540:šón də/di bim
1538:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1466:
1463:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1352:perfect stem+ə
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1103:
1100:
1087:
1086:Present tenses
1084:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1003:
1001:
997:
996:
994:
992:
987:
985:
980:
975:
971:
970:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
914:
913:
911:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
885:
884:
879:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
853:
852:
849:
846:
843:
842:post-alveolar
840:
837:
834:
821:
820:
815:
813:
808:
804:
803:
798:
793:
788:
784:
783:
778:
776:
771:
767:
766:
763:
760:
757:
747:
746:
741:
736:
730:
729:
724:
715:
709:
708:
703:
690:
684:
683:
678:
673:
664:
663:
658:
653:
647:
646:
641:
636:
630:
629:
624:
615:
609:
608:
603:
598:
592:
591:
586:
573:
567:
566:
561:
556:
550:
549:
546:
543:
529:
526:
509:Gilan province
496:
493:
480:
477:
397:Eastern Gilaki
393:Western Gilaki
388:
387:Classification
385:
363:(specifically
310:
309:
296:, you may see
282:
281:
278:
270:
269:
262:
256:
255:
248:
240:
239:
232:
224:
223:
222:Language codes
219:
218:
217:
216:
214:Galeshi Gilaki
211:
209:Eastern Gilaki
206:
204:Western Gilaki
199:
195:
194:
192:
191:
190:
189:
188:
187:
186:
185:
184:
183:
182:
181:
147:
145:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
117:
113:
112:
106:
102:
101:
85:, province of
80:
79:Native to
76:
75:
67:
66:
51:
50:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3825:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3699:Caucasian Tat
3697:
3696:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Proto-Iranian
3219:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2936:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2915:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2789:
2782:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2753:
2747:
2744:
2739:
2737:9780429493454
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2712:
2709:
2697:
2693:
2687:
2684:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2540:
2529:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2493:
2491:9783447052764
2487:
2483:
2482:
2474:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2408:
2404:
2401:ویکی, پارسی.
2397:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2337:
2334:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2223:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2164:(7): 668–73.
2163:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2079:
2078:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2062:0-231-11568-7
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1997:Gol-ha-ye Baγ
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1961:in Persian),
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1924:
1922:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1848:postpositions
1845:
1838:Postpositions
1837:
1835:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1641:postpositions
1638:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1562:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1537:šón də/du bum
1536:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1412:imperfect of
1409:
1401:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1367:
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1019:
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999:
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995:
993:
986:
973:
972:
969:
946:
945:
916:
915:
912:
910:
888:voiced stops
887:
886:
878:
855:
854:
833:
832:
826:
816:
814:
809:
806:
799:
794:
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772:
769:
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691:
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637:
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552:
551:
547:
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541:
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527:
525:
522:
518:
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510:
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494:
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459:
454:
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448:
444:
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406:
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386:
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358:
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350:
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342:
338:
334:
329:
316:
307:
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289:
283:
276:
271:
267:
263:
261:
257:
253:
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212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
201:
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176:
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172:
171:
170:
167:
166:
165:
162:
161:
160:
157:
156:
155:
152:
151:
150:
149:Indo-European
146:
142:
136:
132:
126:
122:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
68:
63:
52:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3764:
3725:
3718:
3686:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3517:
3507:
3495:
3447:
3438:
3427:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3302:
3019:
2940:Languages of
2897:Kaipuleohone
2847:
2840:(16): 59–69.
2837:
2833:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2800:
2788:the original
2779:
2756:. Retrieved
2754:. Ethnologue
2746:
2718:
2711:
2699:. Retrieved
2695:
2686:
2674:. Retrieved
2670:
2661:
2649:. Retrieved
2645:
2636:
2627:
2622:
2613:
2608:
2596:. Retrieved
2592:
2583:
2556:
2552:
2542:
2531:, retrieved
2509:
2500:
2480:
2473:
2464:
2455:
2441:
2432:
2423:
2411:. Retrieved
2409:(in Persian)
2406:
2403:"معنی گیلکی"
2396:
2387:
2382:
2368:
2357:
2336:
2324:. Retrieved
2320:the original
2315:
2290:. Retrieved
2286:
2262:. Retrieved
2258:
2228:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2161:
2157:
2130:
2099:
2076:
2069:
2053:
2048:
2031:
2007:in Persian).
2004:
2003:(bear cub) (
2000:
1996:
1992:
1984:
1981:məhine zakan
1980:
1969:in Persian).
1967:čaqu-ye kond
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1920:
1850:. Examples:
1847:
1843:
1841:
1833:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1674:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1650:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1553:šón də/du bu
1545:šón də/di bi
1474:
1470:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1395:buxurdə bid
1387:buxurdə bid
1379:buxurdə bim
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1283:buxúrdid(i)
1275:buxúrdid(i)
1267:buxúrdim(i)
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1208:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1107:
1105:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1068:present stem
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1049:
824:
750:
531:
506:
482:
466:
455:
424:
417:
411:and western
390:
377:Gilak people
349:Gilak people
328:Gilɵki Zɵvon
320:گیلٚکي زٚوؤن
314:
313:
285:
260:Linguasphere
243:
178:
154:Indo-Iranian
119:4.6 million
62:Gilɵki Zɵvon
56:گیلٚکی زٚوان
43:
32:Giliki, Iran
3720:Old Persian
3557:Mazanderani
3351:Khwarezmian
3236:New Iranian
3226:Old Iranian
3025:Mazanderani
2973:Azerbaijani
2889:Gilaki song
2758:26 November
1617:past tenses
1465:Progressive
1376:buxurdə bum
1225:Past tenses
1052:infinitives
1046:Verb system
451:Mazandarani
435:Mazandarani
431:Mazandarani
427:Mazandarani
405:Sefid River
371:region and
357:Mazandarani
353:Mazandarani
345:Caspian Sea
300:instead of
110:Caspian Sea
3797:Categories
3395:Sarghulami
3315:Yazghulami
3268:Ishkashimi
3091:Circassian
2671:Ethnologue
2407:پارسی ویکی
2158:Curr. Biol
2033:Ethnologue
2005:Bæč-e Xers
2001:Xirsi Kuti
1993:Baγi gulan
1931:adjectives
1925:Adjectives
1915:on top of
1872:həmra/əmra
1661:accusative
1653:nominative
1625:fanígiftəm
1515:šón darid
1507:šón darid
1499:šón darim
1448:bidé be/bi
1392:buxurdə bu
1384:buxurdə bi
1340:pluperfect
1334:Pluperfect
1327:xúrdid(i)
1319:xúrdid(i)
1311:xúrdim(i)
513:Mazandaran
495:Dispersion
439:Mazandaran
413:Mazandaran
324:romanized:
91:Mazandaran
3780:varieties
3767:indicate
3688:Pahlavani
3680:Bakhtiari
3665:Kuhmareyi
3655:Bashkardi
3577:Old Azeri
3288:Sanglechi
2575:0240-8910
1959:ɑb-e særd
1842:With the
1621:fángiftəm
1613:fanígirəm
1609:faángirəm
1496:šón darəm
1451:bidé bid
1443:bidé bid
1435:bidé bim
1296:imperfect
1290:Imperfect
1230:Preterite
1143:diníd(i)
1135:diníd(i)
1127:diním(i)
1072:past stem
1056:-tən/-dən
839:alveolar
528:Phonology
447:Tonekabon
266:58-AAC-eb
245:Glottolog
229:ISO 639-3
116:Ethnicity
3709:Hazaragi
3660:Garmsiri
3600:Sangsari
3595:Lasgerdi
3584:Parthian
3562:Tabaroid
3530:Kurmanji
3486:Ashtiani
3455:Yaghnobi
3413:Ossetian
3402:Scythian
3377:Southern
3372:Northern
3344:Bactrian
3293:Sarikoli
3263:Bartangi
3101:Georgian
3086:Assyrian
3081:Armenian
2988:Kurmanji
2752:"Gilaki"
2701:28 March
2676:28 March
2667:"Gilaki"
2651:28 March
2598:27 March
2533:27 March
2461:"ALAMŪT"
2413:28 March
2326:28 March
2292:28 March
2264:28 March
2188:16581511
2122:"Gilaki"
1963:kul čaqu
1951:Surx gul
1935:genitive
1859:English
1844:genitive
1792:Singular
1745:Singular
1733:Pronouns
1683:Singular
1657:genitive
1591:fagiftən
1529:Singular
1512:šón darə
1504:šón dari
1488:Singular
1432:bidé bim
1424:Singular
1368:Singular
1264:buxúrdəm
1256:Singular
1211:negative
1203:bídinid
1195:bídinid
1187:bídinim
1176:Singular
1116:Singular
1058:, or in
1000:liquids
851:glottal
762:Central
369:Caucasus
331:) is an
306:Help:IPA
252:gila1241
198:Dialects
3769:extinct
3765:Italics
3750:Badeshi
3694:Persian
3670:Kumzari
3612:Taleshi
3605:Sorkhei
3590:Semnani
3545:Kordali
3525:Kurdish
3519:Gorgani
3497:Daylami
3491:Balochi
3471:Western
3449:Sogdian
3408:Alanian
3382:Wanetsi
3367:Central
3357:Parachi
3337:Avestan
3298:Shughni
3283:Roshani
3246:Eastern
3214:History
3144:Russian
3139:English
3111:Jadgali
3060:Semnani
3055:Turkmen
3050:Qashqai
3035:Balochi
2983:Kurdish
2957:Persian
2429:"ČĀLŪS"
2196:7883334
2166:Bibcode
1989:Persian
1955:Sərd ow
1929:Gilaki
1817:šumána
1795:Plural
1748:Plural
1719:peránə
1708:perána
1686:Plural
1605:fágirəm
1598:fagirəm
1532:Plural
1491:Plural
1440:bidé bi
1427:Plural
1371:Plural
1280:buxúrdə
1272:buxúrdi
1259:Plural
1184:bídinəm
1179:Plural
1119:Plural
1066:). The
1054:end in
1024:glides
974:nasals
848:uvular
836:labial
545:Persian
479:Grammar
464:river.
375:of the
339:of the
302:Unicode
174:Caspian
159:Iranian
3743:Others
3650:Achomi
3622:Tatoid
3570:Median
3540:Xwarin
3535:Sorani
3513:Gorani
3508:Gilaki
3429:Jassic
3389:Ormuri
3362:Pashto
3329:Others
3320:Yidgha
3121:Khalaj
3106:Hebrew
3096:Domari
3040:Talysh
3030:Arabic
3020:Gilaki
3010:Gorani
2998:Xwarin
2993:Sorani
2978:Achomi
2855:
2734:
2573:
2524:
2488:
2194:
2186:
2087:
2060:
2028:Gilaki
1907:under
1899:above
1856:Gilaki
1806:šumán
1770:amána
1697:perán
1600:, but
1308:xúrdim
1236:xurdən
1200:bídinə
1192:bídini
1064:*-Vdən
845:velar
770:Close
759:Front
564:ki.tab
542:Gilaki
521:Alborz
517:Qazvin
473:Alamut
462:Chalus
443:Ramsar
315:Gilaki
179:Gilaki
123:(2021)
121:Gilaks
105:Region
99:Alborz
95:Qazvin
49:Gilaki
3714:Tajik
3643:South
3479:North
3418:Digor
3310:Wakhi
3304:Vanji
3278:Munji
3273:Khufi
3255:Pamir
2816:[
2803:[
2791:(PDF)
2784:(PDF)
2192:S2CID
2081:(PDF)
2012:Notes
1939:-ə/-i
1875:with
1828:šimí
1759:amán
1671:Nouns
1647:Cases
1584:infix
1324:xúrdi
1316:xúrdi
1234:From
1166:, or
1124:dinəm
807:Open
765:Back
706:d͡ʒoɾ
681:lɒ.nə
534:Rasht
420:Gilan
409:Gilan
97:also
87:Gilan
3704:Dari
3675:Luri
3629:Zaza
3617:Tati
3550:Laki
3503:Fars
3440:Saka
3423:Iron
3045:Tati
3015:Luri
3003:Laki
2943:Iran
2891:and
2853:ISBN
2760:2023
2732:ISBN
2703:2021
2678:2021
2653:2021
2600:2021
2571:ISSN
2535:2021
2522:ISBN
2486:ISBN
2415:2021
2328:2021
2294:2021
2266:2021
2184:PMID
2085:ISBN
2058:ISBN
1888:mian
1867:for
1814:təra
1781:amí
1767:məra
1716:perə
1705:pera
1639:and
1338:The
1294:The
1240:xurd
1209:The
1154:The
1140:diné
1132:diní
1106:The
1096:din-
1060:-V:n
787:Mid
606:iɛrɛ
596:ɛ(œ)
571:e(ː)
519:and
445:and
399:and
379:and
93:and
83:Iran
3771:or
2724:doi
2561:doi
2514:doi
2234:doi
2174:doi
2030:at
1991:),
1987:in
1904:ĵir
1896:ĵor
1891:in
1822:Gen
1811:Acc
1800:Nom
1775:Gen
1764:Acc
1756:mən
1753:Nom
1713:Gen
1702:Acc
1694:per
1691:Nom
1623:or
1611:or
1587:-n-
1580:nV-
1573:bV-
1475:šon
1414:bon
1358:or
1344:bon
1168:bə-
1164:bú-
1160:bí-
1092:dín
1078:or
1076:-ən
1010:ɾ~r
966:ɣ~ʁ
936:x~χ
902:d͡ʒ
870:t͡ʃ
781:uuː
774:iiː
744:tüm
727:ɡul
661:zäy
644:lag
627:mən
589:seb
489:SOV
485:SVO
467:In
347:by
288:IPA
236:glk
3799::
2836:.
2730:.
2722:.
2694:.
2669:.
2644:.
2591:.
2569:.
2559:.
2557:23
2555:.
2551:.
2520:,
2508:,
2463:.
2431:.
2405:.
2345:^
2314:.
2302:^
2285:.
2274:^
2257:.
2246:^
2190:.
2182:.
2172:.
2162:16
2160:.
2156:.
2144:^
2113:^
2020:^
1912:ru
1880:ĵa
1864:re
1825:ti
1803:tu
1778:mi
1727:-i
1667:.
1665:ra
1627:.
1619::
1418::
1302::
1300:-i
1248:n-
1244:b-
1219:b-
1215:n-
1162:,
1098:.
1080:-n
1008:,
722:uː
697:oː
695:,
693:uː
676:aː
639:aː
620:,
584:ei
580:eː
578:,
576:iː
515:,
491:.
475:.
415:.
395:,
383:.
3775:.
3199:e
3192:t
3185:v
2925:e
2918:t
2911:v
2861:.
2838:4
2762:.
2740:.
2726::
2705:.
2680:.
2655:.
2630:.
2616:.
2602:.
2577:.
2563::
2516::
2494:.
2467:.
2449:.
2435:.
2417:.
2390:.
2376:.
2330:.
2296:.
2268:.
2240:.
2236::
2198:.
2176::
2168::
2138:.
2124:.
2107:.
2093:.
2064:.
1360:u
1356:i
1032:j
1006:l
990:ŋ
983:n
978:m
961:ʒ
956:z
951:v
941:h
931:ʃ
926:s
921:f
907:ɡ
897:d
892:b
882:ʔ
875:k
865:t
860:p
818:ɒ
811:a
801:o
796:ə
791:e
739:u
734:ü
720:/
718:o
713:u
701:ɔ
699:/
688:o
668:ɒ
656:æ
651:ä
634:a
622:e
618:æ
613:ə
601:e
582:/
559:e
554:i
317:(
308:.
65:)
59:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
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