1494:
245:
237:
1501:
1507:
102:
55:
77:
31:
413:
All species of sturgeon leap out of the water at times. The Gulf sturgeon tends to jump during July and August, and again early during the offshore feeding period. They are thought to jump to communicate and maintain group cohesion. Due to their heavy body armor, large leaping sturgeon can inflict
396:
and eating habits. The upriver migration normally occurs between
February and April, as river temperatures rise to 16 to 23 °C (61 to 73 °F). Downriver migration normally begins in late September or October when water temperatures drop to 23 °C (73 °F). Males reach sexual
360:, and eat little to nothing during the remainder of the year when they are in rivers. Their weights vary in accordance with this eating pattern, with significant weight gains in the winter and smaller weight losses in the summer. Because their diet consists of
595:
Ong, Tun-Liang; Joseph
Stabile; Isaac Wirgin; John R. Waldman (1996-05-16). "Genetic Divergence between Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus and A. o. desotoi as Assessed by Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing Analysis".
397:
maturity between seven and 12 years of age, females between eight and 17 years of age. Spawning almost always occurs in the natal river, generally over a hard bottom just downstream of a
1493:
298:, reflecting the range of the subspecies deemed essential for its continued survival, has been designated (see map). The historical range is thought to have been from the
352:
period. Behavioral differences are more clear, especially the dietary habits. Adult Gulf sturgeon eat primarily, or possibly only, during the winter, when they are in
569:
Fish and
Wildlife Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Threatened Status for the Gulf Sturgeon".
336:, while Atlantic sturgeon have a spleen length averaging 5.7% of their fork length. Lesser morphological differences include relative head length, shape of dorsal
2131:
405:
into the river. After spawning, the adults and older juveniles collect in regions of cooler, deeper, slower-flowing water, generally downstream of springs.
767:
1542:
414:
serious injuries to humans who are in the way. On July 2, 2015, a leaping sturgeon on the
Suwannee River in Florida struck and killed a 5-year-old girl.
392:
Juvenile Gulf sturgeon remain in the spawning river until roughly two years of age, eating there. Thereafter, they join the adults in their anadromous
2185:
244:
2056:
2082:
733:
328:
Visually, Gulf sturgeon are almost impossible to differentiate from
Atlantic sturgeon, as the most significant morphological difference is the
869:
818:
637:
384:, their unique feeding pattern possibly reflects an adaptation to prevent PSP that coincides with higher rates of algal blooms in summer.
2200:
2144:
2157:
59:
2205:
2190:
2024:
948:
790:
236:
2038:
1535:
2087:
282:
draining into it. The Gulf sturgeon was first recognized as a separate subspecies in 1955. The nominate subspecies is the
365:
1506:
1500:
741:
101:
2136:
348:
differences between the subspecies have been studied, and tend to indicate reproductive isolation occurred in the
226:
1528:
862:
775:
310:, and marine waters of the central and eastern portions of the Gulf of Mexico. Three sturgeon species in genus
30:
1986:
291:
210:
86:
458:
species. Overfishing and dam construction probably contributed to the historical decline in populations.
450:. No detrimental impacts from these parasites have been observed. The species also serves as host to the
1771:
434:
745:
664:"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designation of Critical Habitat for the Gulf Sturgeon"
425:
of the sturgeon, other than humans, are unknown, but thought to have limited impact upon the species.
2162:
1828:
1462:
855:
398:
271:
187:
1428:
1418:
1388:
1167:
663:
1936:
1890:
1636:
1455:
1358:
842:
44:
2123:
1040:
2195:
1960:
1857:
1839:
1627:
1378:
1285:
1132:
1072:
1062:
641:
613:
503:
96:
81:
2110:
1118:
1051:
1299:
1271:
1160:
1813:
1717:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1618:
1139:
1094:
1083:
307:
283:
252:, Florida. Large jumping sturgeons can inflict serious injuries to humans who get in the way.
1899:
1753:
1726:
1699:
1654:
1552:
1183:
1153:
605:
580:
498:
295:
153:
1881:
1762:
1200:
2100:
1520:
332:
length, which is internal. Gulf sturgeon have a spleen length averaging 12.3% of their
2149:
1872:
1848:
1780:
1663:
1469:
1368:
1341:
1310:
1262:
1248:
1225:
1211:
1109:
933:
908:
393:
357:
312:
299:
275:
249:
143:
2179:
2095:
1917:
1804:
1744:
1645:
1445:
1351:
814:
704:
489:
64:
316:
share river territory with the Gulf sturgeon; none of the other sturgeon species is
1583:
1331:
1292:
1278:
1234:
476:
373:
341:
2118:
2069:
2018:
1589:
1008:
986:
960:
917:
878:
703:
U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service; Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission (1995).
402:
349:
333:
2009:
1577:
1319:
1146:
1125:
317:
267:
1951:
1609:
1408:
1241:
710:(Report). Atlanta, Georgia: Southeast Region, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
451:
443:
430:
381:
173:
113:
583:
2003:
1927:
1599:
1571:
1399:
1029:
902:
827:
439:
426:
422:
361:
353:
345:
163:
133:
2061:
2048:
1735:
617:
528:
447:
377:
369:
303:
2074:
2033:
1565:
896:
662:
Fish and
Wildlife Service; National Marine Fisheries Service (2003).
604:(2). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists: 464–469.
455:
329:
290:. The Gulf sturgeon is listed as threatened under the United States
123:
1980:
791:"Leaping Sturgeon Kills 5-Year-Old Florida Girl Boating With Family"
609:
640:. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Archived from
337:
279:
243:
235:
1795:
1435:
1984:
1524:
889:
851:
847:
734:"Mystery of Florida's Giant Jumping Sturgeon Solved?"
718:– via Environmental Conservation Online System.
1451:
1441:
1424:
1414:
1384:
1374:
1364:
1347:
1337:
1327:
1259:
1222:
1207:
1196:
1106:
1090:
1079:
1068:
1058:
1047:
1036:
1025:
772:
Ichthyology at the
Florida Museum of Natural History
1993:
1949:
1925:
1916:
1870:
1826:
1793:
1607:
1598:
1398:
1318:
1309:
1258:
1221:
1181:
1105:
1006:
959:
932:
698:
696:
694:
692:
240:Critical habitat map for the Gulf sturgeon, 2003
1536:
863:
631:
629:
627:
8:
504:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T242A50119604.en
475:Fox, D.; Bolden, S.K.; Kreiser, B. (2022).
1981:
1922:
1604:
1543:
1529:
1521:
1315:
1189:
1018:
1014:
1003:
938:
929:
886:
870:
856:
848:
75:
53:
29:
20:
502:
727:
725:
545:Environmental Conservation Online System
467:
636:Fish and Wildlife Research Institute.
564:
562:
523:
521:
843:NOAA Fisheries gulf sturgeon web page
7:
768:"Biological Profiles: Gulf sturgeon"
789:Fieldstadt, Elisha (5 July 2015) .
490:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
547:. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
14:
2186:IUCN Red List endangered species
1505:
1499:
1492:
100:
294:, having been listed in 1991.
732:Lovgren, Stefan (2006-10-30).
1:
454:(larvae) of three freshwater
366:paralytic shellfish poisoning
248:Gulf sturgeon jumping on the
2025:Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi
1995:Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi
821:Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi
401:on the river bottom feeding
368:(PSP), in addition to other
263:Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi
220:Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi
742:National Geographic Society
705:Gulf Sturgeon Recovery Plan
638:"Facts About Gulf Sturgeon"
2222:
2201:Fish of the United States
1560:
1489:
1192:
1021:
1017:
1002:
983:
941:
928:
885:
216:
209:
97:Scientific classification
95:
73:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
1720:A. oxyrinchus oxyrinchus
831:. February 2009 version.
817:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
738:National Geographic News
685:– via govinfo.gov.
302:on the western coast of
1772:European sea sturgeon (
1553:sturgeon and paddlefish
2206:Fish described in 1955
2191:ESA threatened species
292:Endangered Species Act
253:
241:
38:Gulf sturgeon on side
1937:American paddlefish (
1891:Shovelnose sturgeon (
1711:A. oxyrinchus desotoi
247:
239:
2039:acipenser-oxyrinchus
1961:Chinese paddlefish (
1858:Amu Darya sturgeon (
1840:Syr Darya sturgeon (
1628:Shortnose sturgeon (
1463:Pseudoscaphirhynchus
748:on November 13, 2006
531:Acipenser oxyrinchus
479:Acipenser oxyrinchus
1718:Atlantic sturgeon (
1691:Adriatic sturgeon (
1682:Japanese sturgeon (
1673:Sakhalin sturgeon (
1619:Siberian sturgeon (
1456:Protoscaphirhynchus
577:(189): 49653–49658.
497:: e.T242A50119604.
418:Population controls
324:Physical appearance
45:Conservation status
1900:Alabama sturgeon (
1754:Chinese sturgeon (
1727:Persian sturgeon (
1700:Bastard sturgeon (
1657:A. gueldenstaedtii
1655:Russian sturgeon (
1637:Dabry's sturgeon (
1073:Bobasatraniiformes
766:Bester, Cathleen.
435:Argulus stizostehi
372:organisms such as
274:that lives in the
254:
242:
202:A. o. desotoi
188:A. oxyrinchus
16:Subspecies of fish
2173:
2172:
1987:Taxon identifiers
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1912:
1911:
1882:Pallid sturgeon (
1763:Starry sturgeon (
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1177:
1176:
1095:Saurichthyiformes
1084:Guildayichthyidae
998:
997:
994:
993:
979:
978:
677:(53): 13370–13407
308:Mississippi River
284:Atlantic sturgeon
234:
233:
90:
68:
2213:
2166:
2165:
2153:
2152:
2140:
2139:
2127:
2126:
2114:
2113:
2104:
2103:
2091:
2090:
2078:
2077:
2065:
2064:
2052:
2051:
2042:
2041:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2014:
2013:
2012:
1982:
1923:
1849:Dwarf sturgeon (
1783:A. transmontanus
1781:White sturgeon (
1684:A. multiscutatus
1664:Green sturgeon (
1605:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1522:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1453:
1443:
1426:
1416:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1349:
1339:
1329:
1316:
1261:
1224:
1209:
1198:
1190:
1184:Acipenseriformes
1154:Plesiococcolepis
1108:
1092:
1081:
1070:
1060:
1049:
1038:
1027:
1019:
1015:
1004:
939:
930:
923:
922:
887:
872:
865:
858:
849:
832:
806:
805:
803:
801:
786:
780:
779:
778:on 18 June 2015.
774:. Archived from
763:
757:
756:
754:
753:
744:. Archived from
729:
720:
719:
717:
715:
709:
700:
687:
686:
684:
682:
671:Federal Register
668:
659:
653:
652:
650:
649:
633:
622:
621:
592:
586:
578:
571:Federal Register
566:
557:
556:
554:
552:
529:"Gulf sturgeon (
525:
516:
515:
513:
511:
506:
472:
376:, marine worms,
296:Critical habitat
288:A. o. oxyrinchus
222:
154:Acipenseriformes
105:
104:
84:
79:
78:
62:
57:
56:
33:
21:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2161:
2156:
2148:
2143:
2135:
2130:
2122:
2117:
2109:
2107:
2099:
2094:
2086:
2081:
2073:
2068:
2060:
2055:
2047:
2045:
2037:
2032:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1989:
1979:
1970:
1945:
1908:
1893:S. platorynchus
1866:
1842:P. fedtschenkoi
1830:
1822:
1789:
1745:Amur sturgeon (
1709:Gulf sturgeon (
1646:Lake sturgeon (
1630:A. brevirostrum
1594:
1556:
1549:
1519:
1510:
1491:
1475:
1394:
1305:
1254:
1217:
1201:Cylindracanthus
1186:
1173:
1101:
1011:
990:
975:
955:
924:
892:
891:
881:
876:
839:
813:
810:
809:
799:
797:
788:
787:
783:
765:
764:
760:
751:
749:
731:
730:
723:
713:
711:
707:
702:
701:
690:
680:
678:
666:
661:
660:
656:
647:
645:
635:
634:
625:
610:10.2307/1446867
594:
593:
589:
568:
567:
560:
550:
548:
527:
526:
519:
509:
507:
474:
473:
469:
464:
420:
411:
390:
370:bottom-dwelling
364:that can cause
326:
230:
224:
218:
205:
191:
99:
91:
80:
76:
69:
58:
54:
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2219:
2217:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2178:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2154:
2141:
2128:
2115:
2105:
2092:
2079:
2066:
2053:
2043:
2030:
2015:
1999:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1957:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1873:Scaphirhynchus
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1831:scaphirhynchus
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1702:A. nudiventris
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1666:A. medirostris
1661:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1533:
1525:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1470:Scaphirhynchus
1466:
1459:
1449:
1439:
1432:
1429:Engdahlichthys
1422:
1419:Anchiacipenser
1412:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1389:Pugiopsephurus
1382:
1372:
1369:Protopsephurus
1362:
1355:
1345:
1342:Paleopsephurus
1335:
1324:
1322:
1313:
1311:Acipenseroidei
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1267:
1265:
1263:Peipiaosteidae
1256:
1255:
1253:
1252:
1249:Strongylosteus
1245:
1238:
1230:
1228:
1226:Chondrosteidae
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1212:Eochondrosteus
1205:
1193:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1168:Toarcocephalus
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1114:
1112:
1110:Coccolepididae
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1088:
1077:
1066:
1056:
1045:
1034:
1022:
1012:
1007:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
992:
991:
984:
981:
980:
977:
976:
974:
973:
972:
971:
965:
963:
957:
956:
954:
953:
952:
951:
949:Actinopterygii
942:
936:
934:Actinopterygii
926:
925:
921:
920:
911:
909:Actinopterygii
905:
899:
890:
883:
882:
877:
875:
874:
867:
860:
852:
846:
845:
838:
837:External links
835:
834:
833:
815:Froese, Rainer
808:
807:
781:
758:
721:
688:
654:
623:
587:
558:
517:
466:
465:
463:
460:
419:
416:
410:
407:
389:
386:
358:brackish water
325:
322:
313:Scaphirhynchus
300:Suwannee River
276:Gulf of Mexico
250:Suwannee River
232:
231:
225:
214:
213:
211:Trinomial name
207:
206:
199:
197:
193:
192:
185:
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157:
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144:Actinopterygii
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107:
106:
93:
92:
74:
71:
70:
52:
49:
48:
43:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
24:Gulf sturgeon
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2218:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2150:gulf-sturgeon
2146:
2142:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1918:Polyodontidae
1915:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1863:
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1854:
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1835:
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1825:
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1808:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
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1784:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1747:A. schrenckii
1743:
1741:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1689:
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1685:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1648:A. fulvescens
1644:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1600:Acipenseridae
1597:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1539:
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1446:Priscosturion
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1400:Acipenseridae
1397:
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1383:
1381:
1380:
1373:
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1352:Parapsephurus
1346:
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1320:Polyodontidae
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644:on 2007-07-15
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258:Gulf sturgeon
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164:Acipenseridae
162:
159:
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98:
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88:
83:
72:
66:
61:
50:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1994:
1962:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1901:
1892:
1883:
1871:
1860:P. kaufmanni
1859:
1850:
1841:
1827:
1815:
1806:
1794:
1782:
1773:
1765:A. stellatus
1764:
1755:
1746:
1737:
1728:
1719:
1710:
1708:
1701:
1692:
1683:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1639:A. dabryanus
1638:
1629:
1620:
1608:
1584:Osteichthyes
1498:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1444:
1434:
1427:
1417:
1407:
1387:
1377:
1367:
1357:
1350:
1340:
1332:Crossopholis
1330:
1298:
1293:Stichopterus
1291:
1284:
1279:Peipiaosteus
1277:
1270:
1247:
1240:
1235:Chondrosteus
1233:
1210:
1199:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1093:
1082:
1071:
1061:
1050:
1041:Errolichthys
1039:
1028:
985:
913:
826:
820:
798:. Retrieved
794:
784:
776:the original
771:
761:
750:. Retrieved
746:the original
737:
712:. Retrieved
679:. Retrieved
674:
670:
657:
646:. Retrieved
642:the original
601:
597:
590:
574:
570:
549:. Retrieved
544:
538:
534:
530:
508:. Retrieved
494:
488:
482:
478:
470:
433:
429:include the
421:
412:
391:
374:grass shrimp
342:pectoral fin
327:
311:
287:
262:
261:
257:
255:
219:
217:
201:
200:
196:Subspecies:
186:
174:
18:
2119:NatureServe
2070:iNaturalist
2019:Wikispecies
1939:P. spathula
1902:S. suttkusi
1851:P. hermanni
1807:H. dauricus
1756:A. sinensis
1738:A. ruthenus
1729:A. persicus
1693:A. naccarii
1590:Chondrostei
1582:Superclass
1286:Spherosteus
1133:Condorlepis
1063:Neochallaia
1009:Chondrostei
987:Chondrostei
961:Chondrostei
918:Actinopteri
879:Chondrostei
535:oxyrhynchus
403:groundwater
350:Pleistocene
334:fork length
2180:Categories
1963:P. gladius
1675:A. mikadoi
1578:Vertebrata
1576:Subphylum
1147:Morrolepis
1126:Coccolepis
1119:Barbalepis
1052:Gualolepis
970:see below↓
752:2007-08-30
648:2007-08-31
462:References
444:trematodes
431:fish louse
394:migrations
388:Life cycle
318:anadromous
268:subspecies
82:Threatened
60:Endangered
2196:Acipenser
1952:Psephurus
1774:A. sturio
1736:Sterlet (
1621:A. baerii
1610:Acipenser
1588:Subclass
1409:Acipenser
1379:Psephurus
1300:Yanosteus
1272:Liaosteus
1242:Gyrosteus
1161:Sunolepis
895:Kingdom:
452:glochidia
440:nematodes
427:Parasites
423:Predators
382:amphipods
344:length.
278:and some
182:Species:
175:Acipenser
120:Kingdom:
114:Eukaryota
2124:2.104257
2010:Q5455492
2004:Wikidata
1928:Polyodon
1884:S. albus
1829:Pseudo-
1814:Beluga (
1805:Kaluga (
1572:Chordata
1566:Animalia
1564:Kingdom
1359:Polyodon
1140:Iyalepis
1030:Birgeria
903:Chordata
901:Phylum:
897:Animalia
828:FishBase
795:NBC News
362:mollusks
272:sturgeon
227:Vladykov
160:Family:
134:Chordata
130:Phylum:
124:Animalia
110:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
2062:6169516
1816:H. huso
1570:Phylum
1555:species
1551:Recent
907:Class:
618:1446867
539:desotoi
483:desotoi
448:leeches
409:Jumping
378:isopods
346:Genetic
306:to the
304:Florida
266:) is a
170:Genus:
150:Order:
140:Class:
85: (
63: (
2163:293537
2088:624005
2075:234176
2046:ECOS:
2034:ARKive
800:13 May
714:13 May
681:13 May
616:
598:Copeia
551:13 May
510:13 May
456:mussel
446:, and
399:spring
380:, and
354:marine
340:, and
338:scutes
330:spleen
280:rivers
229:, 1955
2158:WoRMS
2137:40146
2108:NAS:
914:Clade
708:(PDF)
667:(PDF)
614:JSTOR
584:49653
481:ssp.
2145:NOAA
2132:NCBI
2111:3206
2096:IUCN
2083:ITIS
2057:GBIF
1796:Huso
1436:Huso
947:see
802:2023
716:2023
683:2023
602:1996
553:2023
512:2023
495:2022
256:The
2101:242
2049:651
606:doi
579:56
499:doi
356:or
270:of
87:ESA
2182::
2160::
2147::
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2098::
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2036::
2021::
2006::
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487:.
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320:.
286:,
1967:†
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260:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
