Gurkha - Knowledge (XXG)

1549: 789: 395: 343: 1039: 5208: 47: 674: 1310: 1693:(SFF) is an Indian paramilitary organization consisting of Tibetan refugees, Nepali Gurkhas, and other ethnic groups from mountainous areas. The SFF is tasked with conducting covert actions against China in the event of another Sino-Indian war. The SFF was originally intended to exclusively consist of Tibetan refugees living in India, however, the SFF began recruiting Nepali Gurkhas and hill tribesmen in 1965 to make up for a declining recruitment rate among Tibetans. It is believed there are around 700 Gurkhas serving in the SFF. 580: 864: 1029:(part of the British Army) was formed and adopted standard British Army rank structure and nomenclature, except for the three Viceroy Commission ranks between Warrant Officer 1 and Second Lieutenant (jemadar, subedar and subedar major) which remained, albeit with different rank titles Lieutenant (Queens Gurkha Officer), Captain (QGO) and Major (QGO). The QGO commission was abolished in 2007; Gurkha soldiers are currently commissioned as Late Entry Officers (as above). 689:(1914–1918) more than 200,000 Gurkhas served in the British Army, suffering approximately 20,000 casualties and receiving almost 2,000 gallantry awards. The number of Gurkha battalions was increased to 33, and Gurkha units were placed at the disposal of the British high command by the Gurkha government for service on all fronts. Many Gurkha volunteers served in non-combatant roles, serving in units such as the Army Bearer Corps and the labour battalions. 35: 569: 551: 1058: 5689: 759:, led the assault during the first major operation to take a Turkish high point, and in doing so captured a feature that later became known as "Gurkha Bluff". At Sari Bair they were the only troops in the whole campaign to reach and hold the crest line and look down on the straits, which was the ultimate objective. The 2nd Battalion of the 3rd Gurkha Rifles (2nd/3rd Gurkha Rifles) fought in the conquest of 1738: 1729:(GC) medals have been awarded to Gurkha soldiers for acts of bravery. The George Cross (GC) is the highest award bestowed by the British government for non-operational gallantry or gallantry not in the presence of an enemy. In the UK honours system, the George Cross is equal in stature to the Victoria Cross. This has been the case since the introduction of the George Cross in 1940. 1211: 816:

India. In addition, five training battalions (14 GR, 29 GR, 38 GR, 56 GR and 710 GR) were raised, while other units (25 GR and 26 GR) were raised as garrison battalions for keeping the peace in India and defending rear areas. Large numbers of Gurkha men were also recruited for non-Gurkha units, and other specialized duties such as paratroops, signals, engineers and military police.

1716:(VC) awarded to soldiers of Gurkha regiments. The first was awarded in 1858 and the last in 1965. Thirteen of the recipients have been British officers serving with Gurkha regiments. Since 1915, the majority have been awarded to Gurkhas serving in the ranks as private soldiers or NCOs. Since Indian independence in 1947, Gurkhas serving in the Indian Army have been awarded three 1630: 1774:

Britain at the end of their service, reciting the Military Covenant and observing that granting them residence in Britain "would, in my judgment, be a vindication and an enhancement of this covenant". In response to the decision of the High Court, the Home Office said it would review all cases that were affected by it.

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EWHC 2261 (Admin), acknowledged the "debt of honour" to Gurkhas discharged before 1997. The Home Secretary's policy allowing veterans to apply on a limited set of criteria (such as connection to the United Kingdom) was quashed as being unduly restrictive. The Court found that the Gurkhas had suffered

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announced that all Gurkhas who signed up after 1 July 1997 would receive a pension equivalent to that of their British counterparts. In addition, Gurkhas would, for the first time, be able to transfer to another army unit after five years' service and women would also be allowed to join, although not

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and counter-terrorism force. In times of crisis it can be deployed as a reaction force. During the turbulent years before and after independence, the GC acquitted itself well on several occasions during outbreaks of civil disorder. The Gurkhas displayed the courage, self-restraint and professionalism

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Since partition, the Gurkha regiments that were transferred to the Indian Army have established themselves as a permanent and vital part of the newly independent Indian Army. Indeed, while Britain has reduced its Gurkha contingent, India has continued to recruit Gorkhas of Nepal into Gorkha regiments

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Gurkha ranks in the British Indian Army followed the same pattern as those used throughout the rest of the Indian Army at that time. As in the British Army itself, there were three distinct levels: private soldiers, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers. Gurkha commissioned officers in

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The treatment of Gurkhas and their families was the subject of controversy in the United Kingdom once it became widely known that Gurkhas received smaller pensions than their British counterparts. The nationality status of Gurkhas and their families was also an area of dispute, with claims that some

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To the disappointment of many of their British officers, the majority of Gurkhas given a choice between British or Indian Army service opted for the latter. The reason appears to have been the pragmatic one that the Gurkha regiments of the Indian Army would continue to serve in their existing roles

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All Gurkha veterans who retired before 1997 with at least four years' service will be allowed to settle in the UK, Home Secretary Jacqui Smith has said. Ms Smith told MPs she was 'proud to offer this country's welcome to all who have served in the brigade of Gurkhas'. It comes after a high-profile

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Despite the changes, many Gurkhas who had not served long enough to entitle them to a pension faced hardship on their return to Nepal, and some critics derided the government's decision to only award the new pension and citizenship entitlement to those joining after 1 July 1997, claiming that this

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The principal aim of the Tripartite Agreement was to ensure that Gurkhas serving under the Crown would be paid on the same scale as those serving in the new Indian Army. This was significantly lower than the standard British rates of pay. While the difference is made up through cost of living and

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British Army officers received Queen's or King's Commissions, but Gurkha officers in this system received the Viceroy's Commission. After Indian independence in 1947, Gurkha officers in regiments which became part of the British Army received the King's (later Queen's) Gurkha Commission, and were

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in the High Court in London decided that the Home Secretary's policy allowing Gurkhas who left the Army before 1997 to apply for settlement in the United Kingdom was irrationally restrictive in its criteria, and overturned it. He upheld the claim of six Gurkha soldiers for the right to settle in

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In order to achieve the increased number of battalions, third and fourth battalions were raised for all ten regiments, with fifth battalions also being raised for 1 GR, 2 GR and 9 GR. This expansion required ten training centers to be established for basic training and regimental records across

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Following the end of the war, the Gurkhas were returned to India, and during the inter-war years were largely kept away from the internal strife and urban conflicts of the sub-continent, instead being employed largely on the frontiers and in the hills where fiercely independent tribesmen were a

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normally served as platoon commanders and company 2ICs but were junior to all British officers, while the subedar major was the Commanding Officer's advisor on the men and their welfare. For a long time it was impossible for Gurkhas to progress further, except that an honorary lieutenancy or

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Although their deployment is still governed by the 1947 Tripartite Agreement, in the post-1947 conflicts India has fought in, Gorkhas have served in almost all of them, including the wars with Pakistan in 1947, 1965, 1971 and 1999 and also against China in 1962. They have also been used in

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Gordon Brown's government has suffered a shock defeat in the Commons on its policy of restricting the right of many former Gurkhas to settle in the UK. MPs voted by 267 to 246 for a Lib Dem motion offering all Gurkhas equal right of residence, with the Tories and 27 Labour rebels backing

1280:- a region where relatively few Gurkhas had previously served. The four regiments (or eight battalions) in British service were subsequently reduced to a single regiment of two battalions. The Indian units have been expanded beyond their pre-Independence establishment of 12 battalions. 1789:, the Liberal Democrat leader, stated that "this is an immense victory ... for the rights of Gurkhas who have been waiting so long for justice, a victory for Parliament, a victory for decency." He added that it was "the kind of thing people want this country to do". 1276:

in familiar territory and under terms and conditions that were well established. The only substantial change was the substitution of Indian officers for British. By contrast, the four regiments selected for British service faced an uncertain future, initially in

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Between 1901 and 1906, the Gurkha regiments were renumbered from the 1st to the 10th and re-designated as the Gurkha Rifles. In this time the Brigade of Gurkhas, as the regiments came to be collectively known, was expanded to 20 battalions in the ten regiments.

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Three days after the rebellion began, the Sirmoor Battalion was ordered to move to Meerut, where the British garrison was barely holding on, and in doing so they had to march up to 48 kilometres a day. Later, during the four-month Siege of Delhi, they defended

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Gurkha regiments held a "Viceroy's Commission", distinct from the King's or Queen's Commission that British officers serving with a Gurkha regiment held. Any Gurkha holding a commission was technically subordinate to any British officer, regardless of rank.

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While in principle any British subject may apply for a commission without having served in the ranks, Gurkhas cannot. It was customary for a Gurkha soldier to rise through the ranks and prove his ability before his regiment would consider offering him a

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On 9 June 2015, a celebration called the Gurkha 200, held at The Royal Hospital Chelsea and attended by members of the royal family, commemorated the bicentennial of the Gurkha Welfare Trust by paying tribute to Gurkha culture and military service.

744:. During the Battle of Loos (June–December 1915) a battalion of the 8th Gurkhas fought to the last man, hurling themselves time after time against the weight of the German defences, and in the words of the Indian Corps commander, Lt. Gen. Sir 67: 1006:

The equivalent ranks in the post-1947 Indian Army were (and are) known as Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs). They retained the traditional rank titles used in the British Indian Army: Jemadar (later Naib Subedar), Subedar and Subedar

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From the 1920s Gurkhas could also receive King's Indian Commissions, and later full King's or Queen's Commissions, which put them on a par with British officers. This was rare until after the Second World

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and Short Service Officers regularly fill appointments up to the rank of major. At least two Gurkhas have been promoted to lieutenant colonel and there is theoretically now no bar to further progression.

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About 5,000 men entered British service in 1815, most of whom were not just Gorkhalis, but Kumaonis, Garhwalis and other Himalayan hill men. These groups, eventually lumped together under the term

1358:. There were also a number of additional Gurkha units including the 69th and 70th Gurkha Field Squadrons, both included in the 36th Engineer Regiment. Since then, British Gurkhas have served in 5633: 1800:, daughter of Gurkha corps Major James Lumley who had highlighted the treatment of the Gurkhas and campaigned for their rights, commented, "This is the welcome we have always longed to give". 1707: 2233: 2230:"Nepal Origins of the Legendary Gurkha – Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System" 432:. Fraser's confidence in their loyalty was such that in April 1815 he proposed forming them into a battalion under Lt. Ross called the Nasiri Regiment. This regiment, which later became the 3510: 1291:(later the "Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)"), which was expected to play a major role in the new secular republic, stated that recruitment as mercenaries was degrading to the 812:(BEF) in 1940, the Nepalese government offered to increase recruitment to enlarge the number of Gurkha battalions in British service to 35. This would eventually rise to 43 battalions. 1447: 3373:

In August 2021, the battalion added the subtitle 'Gurkha'. Though the battalion has had Gurkhas for many years, it is now officially been subsumed into the Brigade of Gurkhas.

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in large numbers, as well as Indian Gorkhas. In 2009 the Indian Army had a Gorkha contingent that numbered around 42,000 men in 46 battalions, spread across seven regiments.

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location allowances during a Gurkha's actual period of service, the pension payable on his return to Nepal is much lower than would be the case for his British counterparts.

1961: 1272:. Six Gurkha regiments (12 battalions) were transferred to the post-independence Indian Army, while four regiments (eight battalions) were transferred to the British Army. 2812: 1287:

With the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2008, the future recruitment of Gurkhas for British and Indian service was initially put into doubt. A spokesperson for the

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During this time the North-West Frontier was the scene of considerable political and civil unrest and troops stationed at Razmak, Bannu, and Wanna saw extensive action.

778:, where they were employed as garrison troops defending the frontier. They kept the peace among the local populace and engaged with the lawless and often openly hostile 260:. In fact, the Gorkhas’ impressive conquests of the Kathmandu Valley supplied the British with an exaggerated view of Nepal’s strength, ultimately helping lead to the 992:

known as King's/Queen's Gurkha Officers (KGO/QGO). Gurkha officers had no authority to command troops of British regiments. The QGO Commission was abolished in 2007.

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a "historic injustice" and that the policy was irrational in failing to take into account factors such as length of service or particularly meritorious conduct.

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battalions, parachute, training, garrison and porter units during the war, in almost all theatres. In addition to keeping peace in India, Gurkhas fought in

3743: 1609:, was raised. In 1949 the spelling was changed from "Gurkha" to the original "Gorkha". All royal titles were dropped when India became a republic in 1950. 604: 583:

Gurkha soldiers (1896). The centre figure wears the dark green dress uniform worn by all Gurkhas in British service, with certain regimental distinctions.

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in first-line units, conforming to the British Army's policy. The act also guaranteed residency rights in the UK for retired Gurkhas and their families.

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were among the first to recognize the potential of Gurkha soldiers. During the war the British used defectors from the Gurkha army and employed them as

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influence in the military and considered the Hindu castes more susceptible to Brahminical values. As a result, they discouraged the inclusion of

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The 2nd/5th Royal Gurkha Rifles marching through Kure soon after their arrival in Japan in May 1946 as part of the Allied forces of occupation

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announced that all Gurkha veterans who retired before 1997 with at least four years service would be allowed to settle in the UK. Actress

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was formed on 9 April 1949 from selected ex-British Army Gurkhas. It is an integral part of the police force and was raised to replace a

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The Brigade of Gurkhas also has its own chefs posted among the above-mentioned units. Gurkhas were among the troops who retook the

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pressed for the Sirmoor Battalion to become a rifle regiment. This honour was granted in 1858 when the battalion was renamed the

3666:– autobiography of the life and times of a British officer serving with a Gurkha regiment in India in the run up to World War II 1503: 5740: 4737: 4441: 4410: 2061: 1938: 2208:"Expeditionary Forces for Post Modern Europe: Will European Military Weakness Provide an Opportunity for the New Condottieri?" 1918:

British military pay and pensions became the primary source of income for the Gurkha peoples of Nepal and north-eastern India.

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campaign by Joanna Lumley and other supporters of Gurkha rights – and an embarrassing Commons defeat for the government.

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Historically, the terms "Gurkha" and "Gorkhali" were synonymous with "Nepali", which originates from the hill principality

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armies enlisted in Nepal, United Kingdom, India and Singapore. Although they meet many of the criteria of Article 47 of

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as a result of border disputes and ambitious expansionism of both belligerents. The war ended with the signing of the

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in 1915, the Gurkhas were among the first to arrive and the last to leave. The 1st/6th Gurkhas, having landed at

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Paragraph 72, Limbu & Ors, R (on the application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department & Ors

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48th Gurkha Infantry Brigade (Hong Kong, 1957–1976; renamed Gurkha Field Force 1976–1997; returned to old title

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A large number also served in combat in France, Turkey, Palestine, and Iraq. They served on the battlefields of

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peacekeeping operations around the world. They have also served in Sri Lanka conducting operations against the

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ex-army Nepali families were being denied residency and forced to leave Britain. On 8 March 2007 the

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in 1919. The regiments then participated in numerous campaigns on the North-West Frontier, mainly in

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left many ex-Gurkha servicemen still facing a financially uncertain retirement. An advocacy group,

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once stated that: "If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is a Gurkha."

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Viceroy Commissioned Officers (VCOs) up to 1947 and Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) from 1947:

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A trooper of the Gurkha Contingent of the Singapore Police Force gives directions to a civilian.

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Land of the Gurkhas; or, the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal, p. 44, by W.B. Northy (London, 1937)

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visit, to celebrate the success of their joint campaign for the right to live in the UK, 2009

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by 267 votes to 246. This was the only first-day motion defeat for a government since 1978.

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and would be banned. However, as of 2023, Gurkha recruitment for foreign service continues.

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Martial races: the military, race and masculinity in British imperial culture, 1857–1914

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Rose, Leo E. Nepal: Strategy for Survival. 1st ed. University of California Press, 1971.

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Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z

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Upon independence in 1947, six of the original ten Gurkha regiments remained with the

1057: 504:'s house, losing 327 of 490 men. During this action they fought side by side with the 5709: 5607: 5493: 5249: 5187: 5162: 4914: 4879: 4747: 4314: 4207: 4202: 4018: 3963: 3948: 3777: 3691: 3119: 2180: 1797: 1367: 1277: 882: 820: 308: 229: 226: 184: 4955: 2053: 1930: 1656:

The GC is a well trained, dedicated and disciplined body whose principal role is as

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Gurkhas served as troops under contract to the British East India Company in the

5664: 5541: 5172: 4884: 4306: 3953: 2876: 1818:, Hampshire, which contains the Fleet war memorial, is named after the Gurkhas. 1657: 1567: 1553: 1318: 1269: 756: 686: 627: 596: 588: 505: 316: 222: 192: 188: 177: 5611: 5567: 5488: 5177: 5152: 5142: 4701: 4540: 4517: 4217: 3996: 3909: 3845: 3683: 2287: 1807:, provides aid to alleviate hardship and distress among Gurkha ex-servicemen. 1786: 1741: 1375: 1325:

Four Gurkha regiments were transferred to the British Army on 1 January 1948:

963: 775: 725: 454:. An additional battalion—the Kumaon—was also raised, eventually becoming the 320: 269: 94: 3557:. 3 Volumes. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi. Reprinted 1994. 1832:

R. (on the application of Limbu) v Secretary of State for the Home Department

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signed between the governments of the United Kingdom, India and Nepal after

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for which they are famous and earned the respect of the society at large.

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for Gorkha units. They also exerted diplomatic pressure on Prime Minister

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Pemble, John (2009). "Forgetting and Remembering Britain's Gurkha War".

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Twelve regiments from the Nepalese Army also took part in the relief of

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that all Gurkhas be offered equal right of residence was passed in the

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awards were made to men from that regiment during the Siege of Delhi.

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Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Men and Women in the World's Cultures

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groups in the Gorkha units and refused to recruit tribes other than

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Osprey Military Elite Series #49 The Gurkhas by Mike Chappell 1993

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As such, between the World Wars the Gurkha regiments fought in the

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unit that had existed prior to the Japanese occupation during the

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Soldiers from 1st Battalion, The Royal Gurkha Rifles on patrol in

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The Gurkhas: The Inside Story of the World's Most Feared Soldiers

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MC: Inscription on a monument to Gurkha soldiers (unveiled 1997,

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captaincy was (very rarely) bestowed upon a Gurkha on retirement.

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From the end of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 until the start of

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A total of 250,280 Gurkhas served in 40 battalions, plus eight

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Twenty-Six Victoria Crosses have been won by Gurkha Regiments

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Contains a historiographical analysis of the Gurkha "legend".

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Gurkhas at War: Eyewitness Accounts from World War II to Iraq

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being presented a Gurkha Hat by a Gurkha veteran during his

1673:(GRU) is a special guard and elite shock-troop force in the 1330:

2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles)

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2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles)

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List of Brigade of Gurkhas recipients of the Victoria Cross

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1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment)

1067:

1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment)

187:, Nepali-speaking Indian people, and are recruited for the 131: 3752:

Gurkha kukri Knife: The traditional lethal Gurkha weapon.

2923: 2921: 2919: 2428: 2426: 2424: 1536:

in 1982 and have served a number of tours of duty in the

140: 122: 3018:"Brigade of Gurkhas; Honours and Awards: Victoria Cross" 2962: 2960: 2746: 2744: 2719: 2717: 1113:

in 1959 (raised 1902, allocated to British Army in 1948)

1103:

in 1959 (raised 1817, allocated to British Army in 1948)

492:

made a notable contribution during the conflict, and 25

2901:"British Gurkhas shot dead in Afghanistan attack named" 2387: 2385: 2383: 2980:"Special Frontier Force: Invaluable yet Inconspicuous" 2865:"Back to the Afghan Future: The return of the Gurkhas" 855:

Gurkha military rank system in the British Indian Army

446:

As well as Ochterlony's Gurkha battalions, Fraser and

101:; one of the most highly decorated Gorkhali commanders 458:. None of these units fought in the second campaign. 406:

The Anglo-Nepalese War was fought between the Gurkha

128: 1962:"Thapa to take charge of Nepali Army as acting CoAS" 1448:

Gurkha Allied Rapid Reaction Corps Support Battalion

872:

Rank equivalents in modern Indian and British Armies

5642: 5626: 5596: 5576: 5558: 5540: 5507: 5474: 5467: 5445: 5427: 5388: 5342: 5333: 5324: 5267: 5258: 5242: 5216: 5125: 4973: 4923: 4810: 4684: 4605: 4526: 4493: 4372: 4331: 4284: 4238: 4188: 4175: 4119: 4090: 4042: 3972: 3932: 3895: 3877: 3854: 3838: 3829: 1137:(1918–1922; raised again by India – 359:, (1743–1775) consulting with his first Army Chief 137: 119: 2899: 1034:Regiments of the Gurkha Rifles (c. 1815–1947) 450:raised the Sirmoor Battalion, later to become the 3567:Austin, Ian and Thakur Nahar Singh Jasol. (eds.) 3529:Nepal: Refugee to Ruler: A Militant Race of Nepal 3496:Jung Bahadur Rana-The Story of His Rise and Glory 3389:Afghan Wars and the North-West Frontier 1839–1947 1141: – following independence in 1947) 658:to ensure that at least 75% of new recruits were 3605:. Maharana Mewar Charitable Foundation, Udaipur. 3553:Tod, James & Crooke, William (eds.) (1920). 3511:"The Battle for Parity: Victory for the Gurkhas" 1408:51st Infantry Brigade (Hong Kong disbanded 1976) 1131:(raised 1890, allocated to British Army in 1948) 1075:(raised 1815, allocated to British Army in 1948) 443:, became the backbone of British Indian forces. 2648:Source: Cross & Gurung 2002, pp. 33–34 1766:, joined the debate in support of the Gurkhas. 1216: 1722:, which are equivalent to the Victoria Cross. 1681:, who have joined the GRU as a second career. 1470:248 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 22 Signal Regiment 1467:247 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 16 Signal Regiment 1458:250 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 30 Signal Regiment 5100: 3803: 2834:"Bravery medal for Gurkha who fought Taliban" 1422:in the British Army has the following units: 591:, the Gurkha Regiments saw active service in 8: 3603:The Trials and Triumphs of the Mewar Kingdom 1777:On 29 April 2009 a motion introduced by the 515:under the command of Shri Teen (3) Maharaja 183:The Gurkha units are composed of Nepali and 5365:10 Queen's Own Gurkha Logistic Regiment RLC 3626:. Himnashu Publications, Udaipur-New Delhi. 3576:Mewar – The World's Longest Serving Dynasty 1769:In a landmark ruling on 30 September 2008, 1482:10 Queen's Own Gurkha Logistic Regiment RLC 839:and against the Japanese in the jungles of 554:The Nusseree Battalion, later known as the 5471: 5339: 5330: 5264: 5239: 5107: 5093: 5085: 4920: 4807: 4690: 4611: 4490: 4378: 4185: 4181: 3969: 3851: 3835: 3810: 3796: 3788: 3778:Land of Gurkhas, a video footage from 1957 3446:Ember, Carol & Ember, Melvin. (2003). 3424:Chauhan, Dr. Sumerendra Vir Singh (1996). 2863:Kaphle, Anup; Wood, Graeme (10 May 2010). 2635: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2525: 2523: 2081: 2079: 1733:Treatment of Gurkhas in the United Kingdom 1504:Gurkha Staff and Personnel Support Company 1486:Queen's Gurkha Engineers, which includes: 1399:26th Gurkha Brigade (Hong Kong, 1948–1950) 3482:Gorkhas Imagined: I.B. Rai in Translation 3431:Cross, J.P & Buddhiman Gurung (2002) 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2170: 1556:take position during a training exercise. 1552:The soldiers of 5th Gurkha Rifles of the 1340:7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles 1111:7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles 288:i.e., 'Protector (रक्षा) of cows (गो')), 264:. The name may be traced to the medieval 5234:Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement 3494:Purushottam Sham Shere J B Rana (1998). 2927: 2514: 2444: 2360:Discovering London Statues and Monuments 2341: 1590:5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) 1394:43rd Independent Gurkha Infantry Brigade 1370:and on various peacekeeping missions in 1091:5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) 1056: 3629:Griffiths, Neil. Gurkha Walking books: 3578:. Roli Books, Delhi/The House of Mewar. 3480:Poddar, Prem and Anmole Prasad (2009). 3366: 2692:"The Gurkhas - Britain's oldest allies" 2305:. Manchester University Press. p. 1890: 1585:4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles 1580:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 1335:6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles 1101:6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles 1085:4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles 1079:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 456:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 452:2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles 307:There are Gurkha military units in the 3320:from the original on 13 September 2018 3266: 3106: 3004: 2986:from the original on 24 September 2021 2966: 2951: 2939: 2798: 2786: 2774: 2762: 2750: 2735: 2723: 2609: 2538: 2501: 2489: 2477: 2456: 2432: 2415: 2329: 2266: 2254: 2236:from the original on 27 September 2013 1345:10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles 1201:710th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1129:10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles 1044:10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles 1018:Gurkha officers commissioned from the 519:of Nepal and his older brother C-in-C 300:means 'protector' and is derived from 3783:British, Indian, France Army training 3747:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. 3210:from the original on 26 February 2021 3024:. Ministry of Defence. Archived from 2912:from the original on 11 January 2022. 2844:from the original on 5 September 2018 2702:from the original on 19 December 2007 2403: 2391: 2034:from the original on 29 February 2020 1198:56th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1195:38th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1192:29th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 1189:14th Gurkha Rifles Training Battalion 634:castes in the army. They discouraged 534:and awarded a third colour. In 1863, 350:and founder of modern Gorkhali Force 163: 74:, the signature weapon of the Gurkhas 16:Indian and Nepalese national soldiers 7: 3244:from the original on 31 October 2021 2590:from the original on 13 January 2007 2187:from the original on 9 February 2021 2157:Kinsey, Christopher (26 June 2008). 1184:Second World War training battalions 1179:, renamed 8th Gurkha Rifles in 1903) 1169:, renamed 6th Gurkha Rifles in 1903) 3767:The Tripartite Agreement (TPA) 1947 3555:Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan 3350:from the original on 2 October 2008 3234:"Gurkhas win right to settle in UK" 2666:"115 Infantry Brigade Subordanates" 2280:"History of the Brigade of Gurkhas" 1830:decision on a test case in London, 434:1st King George's Own Gurkha Rifles 3200:"Brown defeated over Gurkha rules" 3180:from the original on 1 August 2020 1605:Additionally, a further regiment, 546:British Indian Army (c. 1857–1947) 477:Anglo-Sikh Wars in 1846 and 1848. 50:Monument to the Gurkha Soldier in 14: 3701:With The Gurkhas in the Falklands 3584:"Gurkha tells of citizenship joy" 3426:The Way of Sacrifice: The Rajputs 3340:"Gurkhas win right to stay in UK" 3170:"Gurkhas win right to stay in UK" 3130:from the original on 23 July 2013 3088:from the original on 23 June 2017 2668:. Order of Battle. Archived from 2064:from the original on 6 March 2019 1972:from the original on 7 April 2022 1941:from the original on 6 March 2019 1475:3rd (UK) Division Signal Regiment 1289:Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) 5688: 5687: 5206: 3290:from the original on 30 May 2015 2212:Conflict Studies Research Centre 2004:from the original on 30 May 2021 1515:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 1354:and were initially stationed in 1206:Post-independence (1947–present) 1020:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 575:'s house shortly after the siege 538:presented the regiment with the 331:, they are exempt under clauses 252:, who was the last ruler of the 115: 3757:About Gurkhas and Gurkha Knives 3622:Goswami, C.G. and M.N. Mathur. 3532:. APH Publishing. p. 125. 2898:Farmer, Ben (31 October 2012). 2639:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 34. 2621:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 33. 2557:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 32. 2529:Cross & Gurung 2002, p. 31. 2099:from the original on 6 May 2019 390:British East India Company army 276:. The word itself derived from 5380:Band of the Brigade of Gurkhas 3509:Sengupta, Kim (9 March 2007). 2206:Wither, James (January 2005). 1898:Minahan, James (30 May 2002). 1792:On 21 May 2009 Home Secretary 1509:Band of the Brigade of Gurkhas 1224:most generous of the generous, 937:Company Quartermaster Havildar 656:Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana 611:), Cyprus, Malaya, China (the 262:Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) 168:), are soldiers native to the 1: 5731:British Indian Army personnel 5655:Order of Gorkha Dakshina Bahu 3769:, British Ministry of Defence 1685:Indian Special Frontier Force 1177:16th (Sylhet) Local Battalion 740:. One detachment served with 559: 508:and a strong bond developed. 490:8th (Sirmoor) Local Battalion 272:who has a historic shrine in 4261:Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal 4111:Back to the Village campaign 4082:Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923 3466:. Headline Book Publishing. 3159:(Admin) (30 September 2008). 2813:August 2021 Soldier Magazine 2214:. p. 11. Archived from 1495:70th Gurkha Field Squadron, 1489:69th Gurkha Field Squadron, 1473:249 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 1461:246 Gurkha Signal Squadron, 767:constant source of trouble. 628:British authorities in India 424:and British political agent 38:Nepali soldiers; drawing by 4639:South Asian Free Trade Area 3526:Singh, Nagendra Kr (1997). 3126:. Gurkha Justice Campaign. 2823:. Retrieved 13 August 2021. 1625:Singapore Gurkha Contingent 1525:Gurkha Company (Tavoleto), 810:British Expeditionary Force 398:Gurkha soldiers during the 5767: 4753:Nepal Academy of Fine Arts 3387:Barthorp, Michael (2002). 1705: 1665:Brunei Gurkha Reserve Unit 1559: 1513:Gurkha Company (Sittang), 1302: 681:, North-West Frontier 1923 609:Russo-Turkish War, 1877–78 412:British East India Company 172:, chiefly residing within 99:Chief of the Gorkhali Army 20: 5683: 5204: 5039: 4693: 4614: 4381: 4184: 3684:10.1080/03068370903195154 3582:BBC staff (2 June 2007). 3124:"Gurkha Justice Campaign" 2301:Streets, Heather (2004). 1702:Victoria Cross recipients 1389:Major Gurkha Formations: 931:Non-commissioned officers 912:Regimental Havildar Major 796:in Tunisia, 16 March 1943 794:six-pounder anti-tank gun 792:Gurkhas in action with a 732:against Turkish advance, 617:Younghusband's Expedition 285: 256:and first monarch of the 5618:The Gurkha Welfare Trust 5370:Queen's Gurkha Engineers 3646:Burma: The Forgotten War 3601:Davenport, Hugh (1975). 3517:. London. Archived from 3310:"The Brigade of Gurkhas" 2358:Baker, Margaret (2008). 1960:Sureis (9 August 2018). 1860:The Gurkha Welfare Trust 1805:The Gurkha Welfare Trust 1570:. These regiments were: 1562:Gorkha regiments (India) 1519:Gurkha Wing (Mandalay), 751:During the unsuccessful 748:, "found its Valhalla". 630:feared the inclusion of 624:Indian Rebellion of 1857 526:After the rebellion the 482:Indian Rebellion of 1857 5604:Gurkha Justice Campaign 5224:East India Company Army 4411:Chief of the Army Staff 3869:Maya (mother of Buddha) 3744:Encyclopædia Britannica 3648:, London: John Murray. 3608:Farwell, Byron (1985). 3406:Chappell, Mike (1993). 3155:17 October 2019 at the 2163:Cultures & Conflits 2141:17 October 2011 at the 1764:Gurkha Justice Campaign 1442:The Royal Gurkha Rifles 1435:The Royal Gurkha Rifles 1428:The Royal Gurkha Rifles 1418:As of August 2021, the 1366:with Indonesia, in the 925:Warrant Officer Class 2 916:Warrant Officer Class 1 95:Vamshidhar "Kalu" Pande 27:Gurkha (disambiguation) 5741:British Army personnel 5375:Queen's Gurkha Signals 4738:International rankings 3713:Tucci, Sandro (1985). 3612:W.W. Norton & Co. 3569:The Mewar Encyclopedia 2172:10.4000/conflits.11502 2136:asianhistory.about.com 2087:"Who are the Gurkhas?" 1875:Ethnic groups in Nepal 1749: 1691:Special Frontier Force 1643:Singapore Police Force 1634: 1557: 1521:Infantry Battle School 1453:Queen's Gurkha Signals 1322: 1253: 1240: 1062: 1054: 921:Company Havildar Major 868: 797: 682: 584: 576: 565: 532:Sirmoor Rifle Regiment 488:on its formation. The 403: 367: 364:Shivaram Singh Basnyat 102: 75: 63: 43: 25:. For other uses, see 5350:British Gurkhas Nepal 4423:Provincial assemblies 4120:Multi-party democracy 3644:Latimer, Jon (2004). 3462:Parker, John (2005). 3346:. 30 September 2008. 3176:. 30 September 2008. 2818:2 August 2021 at the 2024:"» About the Gurkhas" 1740: 1632: 1551: 1312: 1232:more faithful friends 1220:Bravest of the brave, 1213: 1060: 1041: 866: 791: 676: 607:of India, Malta (the 582: 571: 553: 494:Indian Order of Merit 397: 345: 337:French Foreign Legion 81: 69: 49: 37: 5484:Prithvi Narayan Shah 4518:Rural Municipalities 4473:Council of Ministers 4391:Constituent Assembly 4066:Treaty of Thapathali 3987:Prithvi Narayan Shah 3699:Seear, Mike (2002). 3574:Austin, Ian (1999). 2982:. 17 November 2020. 2875:(32). Archived from 2513:For more detail see 2058:Gurkha Welfare Trust 1497:36 Engineer Regiment 1491:36 Engineer Regiment 1403:17th Gurkha Division 1299:British Army Gurkhas 1258:Tripartite Agreement 1175:(raised 1824 as the 1165:(raised 1817 as the 1048:Winchester Cathedral 615:of 1900) and Tibet ( 521:Ranodip Singh Kunwar 357:Prithvi Narayan Shah 250:Prithvi Narayan Shah 5721:Royal Gurkha Rifles 5675:Gorkha Municipality 5660:Gorkhaland movement 5437:Gurkha Reserve Unit 5355:Royal Gurkha Rifles 5229:British Indian Army 3635:'Gurkha Highlander' 3484:. Mukti Prakashan. 3435:. Greenhill Books. 3269:, pp. 379–383. 3007:, pp. 391–393. 2906:The Daily Telegraph 2869:The Weekly Standard 2765:, pp. 322–323. 2698:. 4 December 1997. 2672:on 25 February 2012 2541:, pp. 157–158. 2480:, pp. 117–118. 2406:, pp. 220–221. 2218:on 21 October 2007. 2146:Who are the Gorkha? 1966:The Himalayan Times 1712:There have been 26 1675:Sultanate of Brunei 1671:Gurkha Reserve Unit 1544:Indian Army Gurkhas 1527:Land Warfare Centre 1405:(Malaya, 1952–1970) 1396:(Italy, circa 1943) 1262:Indian independence 1244:Ralph Lilley Turner 1215:THE GURKHA SOLDIER 1061:Princess Mary's Own 679:Royal Gurkha Rifles 605:North-West Frontier 486:British Indian Army 448:Lt. Frederick Young 370:During the 1814–16 268:warrior-saint Guru 209:Gurkha Reserve Unit 170:Indian subcontinent 60:City of Westminster 56:Ministry of Defence 52:Horse Guards Avenue 5716:Brigade of Gurkhas 5509:Anglo-Nepalese war 5411:10th Gurkha Rifles 5335:Brigade of Gurkhas 5312:11th Gorkha Rifles 4991:Capital punishment 4657:Telecommunications 4273:Siliguri Corridor 4153:2015 earthquake - 3664:Bugles and a Tiger 3314:www.fleethants.com 3052:Pride of India.net 3048:"Param Vir Chakra" 3028:on 5 February 2009 2284:Brigade of Gurkhas 2054:"Who Are Gurkhas?" 1992:"Number of Gurkha" 1931:"Who are Gurkhas?" 1855:Anglo-Nepalese War 1755:British Government 1750: 1679:Singaporean Police 1635: 1558: 1538:War in Afghanistan 1420:Brigade of Gurkhas 1352:Brigade of Gurkhas 1323: 1305:Brigade of Gurkhas 1266:partition of India 1254: 1173:44th Gurkha Rifles 1163:42nd Gurkha Rifles 1157:29th Gurkha Rifles 1151:26th Gurkha Rifles 1145:25th Gurkha Rifles 1135:11th Gurkha Rifles 1063: 1055: 1027:Brigade of Gurkhas 869: 806:Dunkirk evacuation 798: 753:Gallipoli Campaign 742:Lawrence of Arabia 696:in the battles of 683: 585: 577: 566: 404: 400:Anglo-Nepalese War 380:East India Company 372:Anglo-Nepalese War 368: 325:Geneva Conventions 176:and some parts of 165:[ɡorkʰali] 103: 76: 64: 44: 5726:Military of Nepal 5703: 5702: 5650:The Gurkha Museum 5592: 5591: 5463: 5462: 5455:Gurkha Contingent 5423: 5422: 5419: 5418: 5406:7th Gurkha Rifles 5401:6th Gurkha Rifles 5396:2nd Gurkha Rifles 5359:Queen's Truncheon 5320: 5319: 5307:9th Gorkha Rifles 5302:8th Gorkha Rifles 5297:5th Gorkha Rifles 5287:4th Gorkha Rifles 5282:3rd Gorkha Rifles 5277:1st Gorkha Rifles 5082: 5081: 5035: 5034: 5031: 5030: 5023:Human trafficking 4969: 4968: 4680: 4679: 4601: 4600: 4597: 4596: 4430:Political parties 4401:Foreign relations 4368: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4171: 4170: 4167: 4166: 4072:Lamjang and Kaski 4057:Jung Bahadur Rana 4034:Treaty of Sugauli 3928: 3927: 3709:978-0-9556237-0-7 3654:978-0-7195-6576-2 3631:'Hebridean Gurkha 3624:Mewar and Udaipur 3490:978-81-909354-0-1 3473:978-0-7553-1415-7 3441:978-1-85367-727-4 3417:978-1-85532-357-5 3206:. 29 April 2009. 2373:978-0-7478-0495-6 2332:, pp. 62–63. 1913:978-0-313-07696-1 1865:The Gurkha Museum 1845:Military of Nepal 1822:Settlement rights 1814:Gurkha Square in 1779:Liberal Democrats 1719:Param Vir Chakras 1639:Gurkha Contingent 1600:9th Gurkha Rifles 1595:8th Gurkha Rifles 1463:2 Signal Regiment 1251: 1228:never had country 1123:9th Gurkha Rifles 1117:8th Gurkha Rifles 1107:7th Gurkha Rifles 1097:6th Gurkha Rifles 712:at the battle of 556:1st Gurkha Rifles 540:Queen's Truncheon 517:Jung Bahadur Rana 469:in 1826, and the 416:Treaty of Sugauli 335:, similar to the 244:, from which the 201:Gurkha Contingent 5758: 5691: 5690: 5532:Balbhadra Kunwar 5527:Ujir Singh Thapa 5517:Amar Singh Thapa 5476:Kingdom of Nepal 5472: 5340: 5331: 5269:Gorkha regiments 5265: 5240: 5210: 5109: 5102: 5095: 5086: 5062: 5055: 5048: 4921: 4808: 4691: 4647: 4612: 4574: 4491: 4466: 4379: 4318: 4310: 4302: 4276: 4275:(Chicken's Neck) 4251:Kathmandu Valley 4186: 4182: 4137:2005 coup d'état 4106:Panchayat system 4029:Balbhadra Kunwar 4002:Kingdom of Nepal 3970: 3852: 3836: 3812: 3805: 3798: 3789: 3748: 3740: 3695: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3550: 3548: 3546: 3522: 3521:on 24 July 2009. 3477: 3421: 3402: 3374: 3371: 3360: 3359: 3357: 3355: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3276: 3270: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3251: 3249: 3230: 3224: 3223: 3217: 3215: 3196: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3166: 3160: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3074: 3068: 3067: 3065: 3063: 3054:. Archived from 3044: 3038: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3014: 3008: 3002: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2976: 2970: 2964: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2914: 2913: 2903: 2895: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2830: 2824: 2808: 2802: 2796: 2790: 2784: 2778: 2772: 2766: 2760: 2754: 2748: 2739: 2733: 2727: 2721: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2662: 2649: 2646: 2640: 2637: 2622: 2619: 2613: 2606: 2600: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2580: 2574: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2542: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2518: 2511: 2505: 2499: 2493: 2487: 2481: 2475: 2469: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2430: 2419: 2413: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2389: 2378: 2377: 2355: 2349: 2339: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2290:on 3 April 2012. 2286:. Archived from 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2252: 2246: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2174: 2154: 2148: 2133: 2127: 2124: 2118: 2115: 2109: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2095:. 27 July 2010. 2083: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2069: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2041: 2039: 2020: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2009: 2003: 1996: 1988: 1982: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1895: 1870:History of Nepal 1783:House of Commons 1771:Mr Justice Blake 1714:Victoria Crosses 1651:Second World War 1607:11 Gorkha Rifles 1455:which includes: 1414: 1350:They formed the 1315:Helmand Province 1241: 1139:11 Gorkha Rifles 1025:After 1948, the 974:Private soldiers 906:Warrant officers 780:Pathan tribesmen 772:Third Afghan War 564: 561: 430:irregular forces 422:David Ochterlony 408:Kingdom of Nepal 287: 258:Kingdom of Nepal 246:Kingdom of Nepal 167: 150: 149: 146: 145: 142: 139: 134: 133: 130: 127: 124: 121: 5766: 5765: 5761: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5756: 5755: 5746:Colonial troops 5706: 5705: 5704: 5699: 5679: 5670:Gorkha Airlines 5638: 5622: 5588: 5584:Bishnu Shrestha 5572: 5554: 5536: 5503: 5459: 5441: 5415: 5384: 5316: 5254: 5238: 5212: 5211: 5202: 5168:Nepali language 5121: 5113: 5083: 5078: 5065: 5058: 5051: 5044: 5027: 4965: 4919: 4865:Maghe Sankranti 4806: 4770:Public holidays 4733:Gurkhas/Gorkhas 4676: 4645: 4593: 4572: 4522: 4489: 4464: 4360: 4351:Protected areas 4327: 4316: 4308: 4300: 4280: 4274: 4268:Tibetan Plateau 4246:Cities of Nepal 4234: 4163: 4147:Jana Andolan II 4115: 4101:1951 revolution 4086: 4038: 4024:Anglo-Nepal War 3974:Early Shah rule 3968: 3936: 3934: 3924: 3897:Lichchhavi rule 3891: 3873: 3856:Shakya Republic 3850: 3825: 3816: 3735: 3732: 3717:. H. Hamilton. 3669: 3639:'Gurkha Reiver' 3592: 3590: 3581: 3564: 3562:Further reading 3544: 3542: 3540: 3525: 3515:The Independent 3508: 3474: 3461: 3418: 3405: 3399: 3386: 3383: 3378: 3377: 3372: 3368: 3363: 3353: 3351: 3338: 3337: 3333: 3323: 3321: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3293: 3291: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3265: 3261: 3247: 3245: 3240:. 21 May 2009. 3232: 3231: 3227: 3213: 3211: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3183: 3181: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3157:Wayback Machine 3147: 3143: 3133: 3131: 3118: 3117: 3113: 3105: 3101: 3091: 3089: 3076: 3075: 3071: 3061: 3059: 3046: 3045: 3041: 3031: 3029: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3003: 2999: 2989: 2987: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2965: 2958: 2950: 2946: 2938: 2934: 2926: 2917: 2897: 2896: 2892: 2882: 2880: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2847: 2845: 2840:. 1 June 2011. 2832: 2831: 2827: 2820:Wayback Machine 2809: 2805: 2797: 2793: 2785: 2781: 2773: 2769: 2761: 2757: 2749: 2742: 2734: 2730: 2722: 2715: 2705: 2703: 2690: 2689: 2685: 2675: 2673: 2664: 2663: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2625: 2620: 2616: 2607: 2603: 2593: 2591: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2565: 2561: 2556: 2545: 2537: 2533: 2528: 2521: 2512: 2508: 2500: 2496: 2488: 2484: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2439: 2435:, p. xvii. 2431: 2422: 2414: 2410: 2402: 2398: 2390: 2381: 2374: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2340: 2336: 2328: 2324: 2317: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2265: 2261: 2253: 2249: 2239: 2237: 2232:. Photius.com. 2228: 2227: 2223: 2205: 2204: 2200: 2190: 2188: 2156: 2155: 2151: 2143:Wayback Machine 2134: 2130: 2125: 2121: 2116: 2112: 2102: 2100: 2085: 2084: 2077: 2067: 2065: 2052: 2051: 2047: 2037: 2035: 2022: 2021: 2017: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1994: 1990: 1989: 1985: 1975: 1973: 1959: 1958: 1954: 1944: 1942: 1929: 1928: 1924: 1914: 1906:. p. 679. 1897: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1880:Nepali language 1850:Sino-Gurkha War 1841: 1824: 1735: 1710: 1704: 1699: 1687: 1667: 1627: 1564: 1546: 1440:3rd Battalion, 1433:2nd Battalion, 1426:1st Battalion, 1413:1987 – c. 1992) 1412: 1307: 1301: 1293:Nepalese people 1252: 1239: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1208: 1186: 1036: 941:Colour Sergeant 901:)/no equivalent 874: 857: 845:northeast India 746:James Willcocks 613:Boxer Rebellion 601:Northeast India 562: 548: 392: 353:Maharajadhiraja 274:Gorkha District 248:expanded under 238: 225:Chief of Staff 136: 118: 114: 85:(equivalent to 30: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5764: 5762: 5754: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5708: 5707: 5701: 5700: 5698: 5697: 5684: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5639: 5637: 5636: 5634:Victoria Cross 5630: 5628: 5624: 5623: 5621: 5620: 5615: 5600: 5598: 5594: 5593: 5590: 5589: 5587: 5586: 5580: 5578: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5570: 5564: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5552: 5546: 5544: 5538: 5537: 5535: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5513: 5511: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5480: 5478: 5469: 5465: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5457: 5451: 5449: 5443: 5442: 5440: 5439: 5433: 5431: 5425: 5424: 5421: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5392: 5390: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5352: 5346: 5344: 5337: 5328: 5326:United Kingdom 5322: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5284: 5279: 5273: 5271: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5252: 5246: 5244: 5237: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5218: 5214: 5213: 5205: 5203: 5201: 5200: 5198:Burmese Gorkha 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5129: 5127: 5123: 5122: 5114: 5112: 5111: 5104: 5097: 5089: 5080: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5071: 5064: 5063: 5056: 5049: 5041: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5025: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5008: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4927: 4925: 4918: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4905:Chasok Tangnam 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4860:Buddha Jayanti 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4840:Dipankha Yatra 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4816: 4814: 4805: 4804: 4799: 4798: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4772: 4767: 4766: 4765: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4694: 4688: 4682: 4681: 4678: 4677: 4675: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4615: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4532: 4530: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4520: 4515: 4513:Municipalities 4510: 4505: 4499: 4497: 4488: 4487: 4486: 4485: 4475: 4470: 4469: 4468: 4459:Prime Minister 4456: 4455: 4454: 4452:Vice President 4444: 4442:Heads of state 4439: 4438: 4437: 4427: 4426: 4425: 4415: 4414: 4413: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4366: 4365: 4362: 4361: 4359: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4341:Climate change 4337: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4325: 4320: 4312: 4304: 4296: 4290: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4279: 4278: 4270: 4265: 4264: 4263: 4253: 4248: 4242: 4240: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4194: 4192: 4179: 4173: 4172: 4169: 4168: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4161: 4151: 4150: 4149: 4139: 4134: 4132:Royal massacre 4129: 4127:Jana Andolan I 4123: 4121: 4117: 4116: 4114: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4097: 4095: 4091:Post-Rana and 4088: 4087: 4085: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4059: 4054: 4048: 4046: 4040: 4039: 4037: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4014:Sino-Nepal War 4011: 4010: 4009: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3982:Gorkha Kingdom 3978: 3976: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3959:Chaubisi Rajya 3956: 3951: 3946: 3940: 3938: 3930: 3929: 3926: 3925: 3923: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3901: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3889: 3883: 3881: 3879:Kirata kingdom 3875: 3874: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3864:Gautama Buddha 3860: 3858: 3849: 3848: 3842: 3840: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3817: 3815: 3814: 3807: 3800: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3738:"Gurkha" 3731: 3730:External links 3728: 3727: 3726: 3711: 3697: 3678:(3): 361–376. 3667: 3657: 3642: 3627: 3620: 3606: 3599: 3579: 3572: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3558: 3551: 3539:978-8170248477 3538: 3523: 3506: 3492: 3478: 3472: 3459: 3444: 3429: 3422: 3416: 3403: 3397: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3375: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3361: 3331: 3301: 3271: 3259: 3225: 3191: 3161: 3150:2008 EWHC 2261 3141: 3120:Lumley, Joanna 3111: 3109:, p. 334. 3099: 3069: 3058:on 25 May 2011 3039: 3009: 2997: 2971: 2969:, p. 390. 2956: 2954:, p. 203. 2944: 2942:, p. 230. 2932: 2915: 2890: 2879:on 3 June 2012 2855: 2825: 2810:British Army, 2803: 2801:, p. 360. 2791: 2789:, p. 344. 2779: 2777:, p. 323. 2767: 2755: 2753:, p. 229. 2740: 2738:, p. 226. 2728: 2726:, p. 224. 2713: 2683: 2650: 2641: 2623: 2614: 2601: 2575: 2559: 2543: 2531: 2519: 2506: 2504:, p. 150. 2494: 2492:, p. 121. 2482: 2470: 2468:Sengupta 2007. 2461: 2449: 2437: 2420: 2408: 2396: 2394:, p. 221. 2379: 2372: 2350: 2334: 2322: 2315: 2293: 2271: 2259: 2247: 2221: 2198: 2149: 2128: 2119: 2110: 2075: 2045: 2028:www.gwt.org.uk 2015: 1983: 1952: 1935:www.gwt.org.uk 1922: 1912: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1840: 1837: 1823: 1820: 1734: 1731: 1706:Main article: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1686: 1683: 1666: 1663: 1626: 1623: 1603: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1560:Main article: 1545: 1542: 1530: 1529: 1523: 1517: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1500: 1499: 1493: 1484: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1459: 1450: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1416: 1415: 1409: 1406: 1400: 1397: 1348: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1303:Main article: 1300: 1297: 1242:Professor Sir 1217: 1214: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1170: 1167:Cuttack Legion 1160: 1154: 1148: 1142: 1132: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1104: 1094: 1088: 1082: 1076: 1070: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1023: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 993: 983: 982: 971: 970: 968:Lance Corporal 961: 952: 943: 928: 927: 918: 903: 902: 892: 891:/no equivalent 886: 885:/no equivalent 873: 870: 856: 853: 706:Neuve Chapelle 547: 544: 536:Queen Victoria 426:William Fraser 391: 388: 376:Gorkha Kingdom 348:Gorkha Kingdom 254:Gorkha Kingdom 242:Gorkha Kingdom 237: 234: 195:(42,000), the 191:(96,000), the 91:Gorkha Kingdom 87:Prime Minister 54:, outside the 40:Gustave Le Bon 23:Gorkha Kingdom 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5763: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5713: 5711: 5696: 5695: 5686: 5685: 5682: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5647: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5632: 5631: 5629: 5625: 5619: 5616: 5613: 5609: 5608:Joanna Lumley 5605: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5595: 5585: 5582: 5581: 5579: 5575: 5569: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5557: 5551: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5539: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5494:Damodar Pande 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5473: 5470: 5466: 5456: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5444: 5438: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5292: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5251: 5250:Nepalese Army 5248: 5247: 5245: 5241: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5215: 5209: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5188:Gurung people 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5163:Nepali people 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5130: 5128: 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4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4203:Mount Everest 4201: 4200: 4199: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4174: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4145: 4144: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4089: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4019:Bhimsen Thapa 4017: 4015: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4004: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3971: 3965: 3964:Newa kingdoms 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3949:Khasa kingdom 3947: 3945: 3942: 3941: 3939: 3931: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3894: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3861: 3859: 3857: 3853: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3813: 3808: 3806: 3801: 3799: 3794: 3793: 3790: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3762:Gurkha Museum 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3746: 3745: 3739: 3734: 3733: 3729: 3724: 3723:0-241-11690-2 3720: 3716: 3712: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3672:Asian Affairs 3668: 3665: 3661: 3660:Masters, John 3658: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3625: 3621: 3619: 3618:0-393-30714-X 3615: 3611: 3607: 3604: 3600: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3577: 3573: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3552: 3541: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3505: 3504:81-7303-087-1 3501: 3497: 3493: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3469: 3465: 3460: 3457: 3456:0-306-47770-X 3453: 3449: 3445: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3413: 3409: 3404: 3400: 3398:0-304-36294-8 3394: 3390: 3385: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3367: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3332: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3305: 3302: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3275: 3272: 3268: 3263: 3260: 3256: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3195: 3192: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3145: 3142: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3115: 3112: 3108: 3103: 3100: 3087: 3083: 3082:UK Government 3079: 3073: 3070: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3040: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3013: 3010: 3006: 3001: 2998: 2985: 2981: 2975: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2933: 2930:, p. 12. 2929: 2928:Chappell 1993 2924: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2907: 2902: 2894: 2891: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2859: 2856: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2814: 2807: 2804: 2800: 2795: 2792: 2788: 2783: 2780: 2776: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2759: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2732: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2687: 2684: 2671: 2667: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2651: 2645: 2642: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2624: 2618: 2615: 2611: 2605: 2602: 2589: 2585: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2572:1-85532-357-5 2569: 2563: 2560: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2535: 2532: 2526: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2515:Barthorp 2002 2510: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2483: 2479: 2474: 2471: 2465: 2462: 2459:, p. 99. 2458: 2453: 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