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439:, but little more seems to have been recorded about this turbulent period. However, the dzong has gradually been restored, and "still dominates the town and surrounding plains as it always did." There is now a small museum there outlining the excesses of the Younghusband expedition from the Chinese perspective.
236:
Later in the 14th century Phakpa
Pelzangpo's son, Kungpa Phakpa (1357–1412), he expanded the Gyantse complex and moved the royal residence here from the palace and fort his father had built at the entrance to the Gyantse valley. he also built Samphel Rinchenling, the first hilltop temple, beside the
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with about 500 men to secure the region. Before dawn on 5 May hundreds of
Tibetans attacked the camp at Changlo and, for a while, looked close to routing the British before eventually being repulsed by the superior weaponry, suffering at least two hundred casualties. On 7 May a small
361:
was stormed shortly before sunset, after a heavy bombardment by a ten-pound artillery gun. Brigadier-General
Macdonald, who had just arrived that day, concluded that Tsechen, which guarded the rear of the Gyantse Dzong, would have to be cleared before the assault could begin.
668:
The KING has been graciously pleased to signify His intention to confer the decoration of the
Victoria Cross upon the undermentioned officer, whose claims have been submitted for His Majasty's approval, for his conspicuous bravery in Thibet, as stated against his
365:
An assault was therefore made on the
Gyantse fortress on 5 July and, the following day, after a spirited defence by the Tibetans which lasted until sometime after 2 pm, a heavy artillery bombardment blew a hole in the wall followed by a direct hit on the
309:
A few days later the camp at
Changlo came under siege as the Tibetan "troops had gained control of surrounding villages, and taken to firing miniature lead and copper cannon-balls into the camp from Gyantse Dzong." There were even rumours that the Khory
411:
country, who formed a large part of the
Tibetan army, were glorious in death, long-haired giants, lying as they fell with their crude weapons lying beside them, and usually with a peaceful, patient look on their faces." The way was now open to
232:
A large palace was built in 1365 by a local prince, Phakpa
Pelzangpo (1318–1370), who had found favour campaigning for the Sakyapas in the south. He also brought a famous Buddhist teacher, Buton Rinchendrub of Zhalu, to live in a temple there.
273:
guns, swords, spears and slingshots" were routed at the crude fortifications they had built below the village of Guru and at nearby Chumik Shenko (or Chumi Shengo). The
Tibetans were facing a force equipped with modern weaponry, including
406:
were kept busy demolishing what remained of the fortifications at
Gyantse, Tsechen and other places, often coming across hidden stores in the process. Between Gyantse and Tsechen: "Our way was strewn with corpses. The warriors from the
306:
detachment of infantry arrived from General Macdonald who had been ambushed by the Tibetans at the Karo Pass, nearly 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of Gyantse, where four of the men had been killed and thirteen badly wounded.
357:. They arrived on the 28th of June and lifted the siege of Changlo. Attempts to negotiate a settlement failed, with the Tibetans ignoring threats from Younghusband. Also on 28 June, the nearby "seemingly impregnable"
374:
and British troops manage to climb the rock face, scramble inside, and capture the fort in spite of a heavy hail of boulders and stones thrown down upon them by the few defenders left on what remained of the walls.
1015:
754:
Robert Barnett, a Tibet scholar at Columbia University, said of the late 1990s. He said that he had not seen any reference in Tibetan literature to Gyantse as the City of Heroes before then.
419:
Gyantse is often referred to by Chinese government as the "Hero City" because of the determined resistance displayed by the Tibetans defenders against a far superior force.
60:
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282:, for the first time. The British then pushed on to Gyantse which they reached, after a few more skirmishes with Tibetan forces, on 12 April 1904.
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225:, who probably reigned from 838 to 841 CE. The present walls were supposedly built in 1268, after the rise in power of the
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Valley and Lhasa. The town was surrounded by a wall 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long. The entrance is on the eastern side.
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289:, but considering it difficult to defend, they retired to an aristocrat's compound about a mile south near the
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The original fortress, known as Gyel-khar-tse was attributed to Pelkhor-tsen, son of the anti-Buddhist king
349:, more than two thousand regular infantry, eight artillery pieces, two thousand laborers and four thousand
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330:, was in charge of the Lhasa arsenal or even directing operations at Gyantse. He had become one of the
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According to Vitali, the fortress was constructed in 1390 and guarded the southern approaches to the
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castle. Although the walls are mostly ruined, they still contain some 14th-century murals in
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652:"The London Gazette, January 24, 1905; War Office January 24, 1905. (Issue:27758Page:574)"
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As most of the defenders had fled, the British bloodlessly captured the Dzong, raised the
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The dead Tibetan defenders were "lying in heaps," and it took a major effort using
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Duel in the Snows: The True Story of the Younghusband Mission to Lhasa
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The walls were dynamited again by the Chinese in 1967 during the
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334:'s teachers and was suspected by the British of being a Russian
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416:. The British began the march to the capital on 14 July.
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After a flurry of communications between Younghusband and the
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to move all the bodies away for burial. For several days the
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Sketch of Gyantse Dzong by a member of the British expedition
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style as well as in the Gyantse style which grew from it.
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for their joint actions along with other members of the
658:. The Stationery Office, United Kingdom. 13 August 2017
799:. Lonely Planet Publications, South Yarra, Australia.
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Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Tibet
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Buckley, Michael and Strauss, Robert (1986), p. 158.
844:. Kotan Publishing, Japan. Reprint edition (2004).
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827:Younghusband: The Last Great Imperial Adventurer
696:Younghusband: The Last Great Imperial Adventurer
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370:, causing a large explosion after which some
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795:Buckley, Michael and Strauss, Robert. 1986.
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829:. Reprint: Flamingo Books, London (1995).
656:The London Gazette: Official Public Record
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859:. (1990). Serindia Publications. London.
733:China Seizes on a Dark Chapter for Tibet
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293:at Changlo. About a week later General
699:. Penguin Books Limited. p. 269.
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1006:14th-century establishments in Tibet
784:. John Murray (publishers), London.
206:on a huge spur of grey brown rock.
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261:, the force slowly advanced from
202:, perched high above the town of
505:Kotan Publishing (2000), p. 118.
423:Since the arrival of the Chinese
301:to secure supply lines, leaving
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857:Early Temples of Central Tibet
765:Dorje (2009), pp. 5, 308, 312.
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194:is one of the best preserved
797:Tibet: a travel survival kit
343:British authorities in India
641:French (1994), pp. 236–237.
614:French (1994), pp. 235–237.
550:French (1994), pp. 227–230.
387:Karbir Pun was awarded the
359:Tsechen Monastery and Dzong
280:BL 10-pounder mountain guns
259:British expedition to Tibet
245:British expedition to Tibet
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729:Edward Wong (2010-08-09).
719:Allen (2004), PP. 228–229.
683:Allen (2004), pp. 227–228.
632:Allen (2004), pp. 214–220.
532:Allen (2004), pp. 120–122.
29:
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842:Mapping the Tibetan World
840:Kotan Publishing (2000).
265:with the aim of reaching
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825:French, Patrick (1994).
812:Footprint Tibet Handbook
693:French, Patrick (2011).
30:Not to be confused with
810:Dorje, Gyurme (2009).
605:French (1994), p. 188.
596:French (1994), p. 233.
568:French (1994), p. 232.
559:French (1994), p. 231.
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523:French (1994), p. 212.
469:French (1994), p. 227.
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623:Allen (2004), p. 207.
578:Red Star Travel Guide
514:Dorje (2009), p. 308.
478:Vitali (1990), p. 30.
431:Gyantse Dzong in 2009
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389:Indian Order of Merit
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154:28.92528°N 89.59472°E
103:Gyantse Dzong (China)
75:Location within Tibet
487:Allen (2004), p. 30.
318:, born not far from
437:Cultural Revolution
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121:Architectural style
116:General information
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297:withdrew down the
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159:28.92528; 89.59472
125:Dzong architecture
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855:Vitali, Roberto.
820:978-1-906098-32-2
814:. Bath, England.
706:978-0-14-196430-0
393:8th Gurkha Rifles
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395:on July 6.
324:Lake Baikal
291:Nyang River
257:During the
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132:Coordinates
995:Categories
935:Nangkartse
805:0908086881
780:. (2004).
772:References
749:2019-02-07
322:, east of
287:Union Jack
276:Maxim guns
223:Langdharma
145:89°35′41″E
142:28°55′31″N
970:Tsaparang
965:Tegla Kar
915:Chitishio
662:13 August
455:Footnotes
271:matchlock
170:Completed
960:Shigatse
743:Archived
581:Archived
443:See also
385:Havildar
320:Ulan-Ude
975:Tsechen
955:Rimpung
925:Gyantse
920:Gonggar
669:name...
404:sappers
227:Sakyapa
211:Tsangpo
204:Gyantse
950:Potala
940:Netong
930:Khampa
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372:Gurkha
312:Buryat
263:Sikkim
239:Newari
229:sect.
196:dzongs
945:Pagri
414:Lhasa
355:mules
267:Lhasa
200:Tibet
861:ISBN
846:ISBN
831:ISBN
816:ISBN
801:ISBN
786:ISBN
701:ISBN
664:2017
409:Kham
383:and
353:and
351:yaks
278:and
173:1390
336:spy
198:in
190:or
997::
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