289:
31:
57:
750:
Kraichak, Ekaphan; Huang, Jen-Pan; Nelsen, Matthew; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2018). "A revised classification of orders and families in the two major subclasses of
Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) based on a temporal approach".
265:
node that falls within the temporal band for orders. For this reason the name
Gyalectales was resurrected to represent the monophyletic clade. Gyalectales itself is placed in Ostropomycetidae, one of two major subclasses in the
252:
In 2018, Kraichak and colleagues used a recently developed "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks. Based on this approach, clades that share a common ancestor between 176 and 194
248:
studies suggested a much closer phylogenetic relationship. As a result, of the molecular data, Kauff and
Lutzoni subsumed the Gyalectales into the Ostropales, as the latter name was published earlier (1932 vs. 1986).
639:
Kauff, Frank; Lutzoni, François (2002). "Phylogeny of the
Gyalectales and Ostropales (Ascomycota, Fungi): among and within order relationships based on nuclear ribosomal RNA small and large subunits".
778:
LĂĽcking, Robert (2019). "Stop the abuse of time! Strict temporal banding is not the future of rank-based classifications in fungi (including lichens) and other organisms".
281:
This is a list of the families and genera contained within the
Gyalectales, based on a 2022 review and summary of fungal classification. Following the taxon name is the
273:
This proposed classification has been accepted in a later review of the temporal banding method for fungus systematics, as well a 2022 update on fungal classification.
1373:
288:
1294:
1177:
LĂĽcking, Robert; Moncada, Bibiana; Sipman, Harrie; Bezerra
Sobreira, Priscylla; Viñas, Carlos; GutĂerrez, Jorge; Flynn, Timothy (2020).
1019:"Major clades and phylogenetic relationships between lichenized and non-lichenized lineages in Ostropales (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes)"
1183:: a new genus of placodioid lichens from the Caribbean and Hawaii shakes up the Porinaceae tree (lichenized Ascomycota: Gyalectales)"
961:
Flotow, J. (1850). "Lichenologische Beiträge zur Flora
Europaea" [Lichenological contributions to the flora of Europe].
1368:
849:
Ehrenberg, C.G. (1820). "De
Coenogonio, novo lichenum genere ex penu viri cl. Chamisso desumpto". In Nees v. Esenbeck (ed.).
1299:
715:
Lutzoni, François; Pagel, Mark; Reeb, Valérie (2001). "Major fungal lineages are derived from lichen symbiotic ancestors".
1320:
261:, consisting of the families Trichotheliaceae, Coenogoniaceae, Sagiolechiaceae, Gyalectaceae and Phlyctidaceae, has a
56:
1084:
Sobreira, Priscylla Nayara
Bezerra; Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia Da Silva; Maia, Leonor Costa; Lücking, Robert (2018). "
1363:
229:
674:
Bhattacharya, Debashish; Lutzoni, François; Reeb, Valérie; Simon, Dawn; Nason, John; Fernandez, Fernando (2000).
808:
Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-GarcĂa, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022).
245:
209:
257:
and a time window of 111–135 Mya correspond to order-level and family-level, respectively. The
Gyalectales
1234:
293:
341:
43:
873:
challenges the generic circumscription in the Gyalectaceae and brings new insights to the taxonomy of
1358:
1335:
1286:
282:
942:
David, J.C.; Hawksworth, D.L. (1991). "Validation of six family names of lichenized ascomycetes".
374:
352:
565:
51:
30:
732:
697:
656:
1272:
1018:
1194:
1159:
1132:
1101:
1030:
997:
886:
829:
821:
787:
760:
724:
687:
648:
434:
189:
108:
692:
675:
448:
267:
185:
173:
158:
98:
617:
Hawksworth, D.L.; Eriksson, O.E. (1986). "The names of accepted orders of ascomycetes".
1281:
510:
301:
142:
904:
Acharius, E. (1808). "Förteckning på de i Sverige våxande arter af Lafvarnas Familj".
652:
1352:
809:
576:
543:
499:
410:
221:
150:
1064:
850:
825:
1088:, a new genus in the Porinaceae (Ascomycota, Ostropales), with the first record of
396:
328:
241:
233:
205:
146:
123:
791:
1325:
1266:
764:
676:"Widespread occurrence of spliceosomal introns in the rDNA genes of ascomycetes"
472:
461:
314:
262:
244:. Although they had traditionally been considered to be only distantly related,
1257:
1216:
Botanische JahrbĂĽcher fĂĽr Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie
1105:
1199:
1178:
1071:
Overview of the Plant Kingdom Developed Through Natural Gradations. An Attempt
1017:
Baloch, Elisabeth; LĂĽcking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Wedin, Mats (2010).
890:
521:
486:
254:
237:
225:
154:
88:
1163:
127:
68:
38:
1136:
1002:
981:
834:
736:
701:
660:
1307:
1251:
1050:
Geneacaena lichenum ab A. prof. Massalongo noviter proposita ac descripta
554:
423:
363:
1034:
923:
Vainio, Edvard August (1921). "Lichenes insularum Philippinarum. III".
385:
728:
532:
177:
78:
1312:
1228:
1214:
MĂĽller, J. (1885). "Pyrenocarpeae Cubenses a cl. C. Wright lectae".
1150:
Choisy, M. (1949). "Catalogue des lichens de la region lyonnaise".
1066:
Conspectus regni vegetabilis per gradus naturales evoluti. Tentamen
287:
258:
193:
181:
1232:
285:, year of publication, and (for genera) the number of species:
803:
801:
208:
and Martin Jahns, but not formally published until 1986 by
1123:, a new genus of pyrenocarpous lichens from the tropics".
634:
632:
204:
The Gyalectales were introduced in a 1974 publication by
869:
Ertz, Damien; Sanderson, Neil; Lebouvier, Marc (2021). "
1052:(in Latin). Verona: Typis Ramanzinianis. p. 11.
1241:
1073:] (in Latin). Leipzig: C. Cnobloch. p. 20.
864:
862:
1152:Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon
925:Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae Series A
810:"Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021"
604:Lichenes. Eine Einfuhrung in die Flechtenkunde
906:Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar
8:
606:(in German). Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag.
452:Baloch, LĂĽcking, Lumbsch & Wedin (2010)
1229:
986:, a new lichen genus from southern Africa"
29:
20:
1198:
1001:
833:
691:
414:Poelt ex J.C.David & D.Hawksw. (1991)
753:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
602:Henssen, Aino; Jahns, H. Martin (1974).
515:Sobreira, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2018)
594:
1374:Taxa named by David Leslie Hawksworth
693:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026298
641:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
1336:8af36920-e9b1-4f51-8d0f-48ae18a91351
1119:McCarthy, P.M.; Elix, J.A. (1996). "
559:Lücking, Moncada & Viñas (2020)
236:, and proposed that the Ostropales
780:Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
14:
852:Horae Physicae Berolinenses 1820
55:
680:Molecular Biology and Evolution
526:P.M.McCarthy & Elix (1996)
1:
792:10.1080/07352689.2019.1650517
653:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00214-2
240:included the Gyalectales and
16:Order of lichen-forming fungi
1187:Plant and Fungal Systematics
1063:Reichenbach, H.G.L. (1828).
855:(in Latin). pp. 77–104.
224:study showed that the order
357:Ertz & Sanderson (2021)
1390:
1106:10.11646/phytotaxa.358.1.4
1200:10.35535/pfsyst-2020-0031
891:10.1017/S002428292000050X
826:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2
765:10.1093/botlinnean/boy060
548:(MĂĽll.Arg.) Choisy (1949)
140:
135:
52:Scientific classification
50:
37:
28:
23:
130:& O.E.Erikss. (1986)
1164:10.3406/linly.1949.8557
1048:Massalongo, A. (1854).
196:and about 550 species.
1369:Taxa described in 1986
1137:10.1006/lich.1996.0038
1003:10.4102/abc.v17i2.1030
297:
980:Brusse, F.A. (1987).
428:(Wallr.) Flot. (1850)
291:
944:Systema Ascomycetum
619:Systema Ascomycetum
294:Pseudosagedia aenea
283:taxonomic authority
277:Families and genera
1035:10.1002/tax.595013
963:Botanische Zeitung
298:
212:and Ove Eriksson.
1364:Ascomycota orders
1346:
1345:
1235:Taxon identifiers
1125:The Lichenologist
879:The Lichenologist
723:(6840): 937–940.
686:(12): 1971–1984.
165:
164:
131:
44:Gyalecta jenensis
1381:
1339:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1326:NHMSYS0001483311
1316:
1315:
1303:
1302:
1290:
1289:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1029:(5): 1483–1494.
1014:
1008:
1007:
1005:
984:Psathyrophlyctis
977:
971:
970:
958:
952:
951:
939:
933:
932:
920:
914:
913:
901:
895:
894:
866:
857:
856:
846:
840:
839:
837:
805:
796:
795:
775:
769:
768:
747:
741:
740:
729:10.1038/35082053
712:
706:
705:
695:
671:
665:
664:
636:
627:
626:
614:
608:
607:
599:
582:
581:MĂĽll.Arg. (1885)
571:
560:
549:
538:
527:
516:
505:
491:
478:
477:A.Massal. (1854)
467:
453:
440:
435:Psathyrophlyctis
429:
415:
402:
391:
380:
369:
358:
347:
346:A.Massal. (1853)
333:
320:
306:
220:An early (2002)
210:David Hawksworth
188:. It contains 5
122:
109:Ostropomycetidae
60:
59:
33:
21:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1334:
1332:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1285:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1237:
1227:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1090:F. squamulifera
1083:
1082:
1078:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1016:
1015:
1011:
979:
978:
974:
960:
959:
955:
941:
940:
936:
922:
921:
917:
903:
902:
898:
868:
867:
860:
848:
847:
843:
835:1854/LU-8754813
807:
806:
799:
777:
776:
772:
749:
748:
744:
714:
713:
709:
673:
672:
668:
638:
637:
630:
616:
615:
611:
601:
600:
596:
592:
580:
569:
558:
547:
536:
525:
514:
504:MĂĽll.Arg (1882)
503:
489:
476:
465:
451:
449:Sagiolechiaceae
438:
427:
413:
400:
390:Stizenb. (1862)
389:
378:
367:
356:
345:
332:Stizenb. (1862)
331:
318:
305:Stizenb. (1862)
304:
279:
268:Lecanoromycetes
218:
202:
186:Lecanoromycetes
159:Sagiolechiaceae
157:
153:
149:
145:
121:
99:Lecanoromycetes
54:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1351:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1330:
1317:
1304:
1291:
1278:
1263:
1247:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1226:
1225:
1206:
1193:(2): 577–585.
1169:
1158:(6): 105–120.
1142:
1131:(5): 401–414.
1111:
1092:from Brazil".
1086:Flabelloporina
1076:
1055:
1040:
1009:
996:(2): 182–184.
972:
953:
934:
915:
908:(in Swedish).
896:
858:
841:
820:(1): 161–162.
797:
786:(3): 199–253.
770:
759:(3): 233–249.
742:
707:
666:
647:(1): 138–156.
628:
609:
593:
591:
588:
587:
586:
585:
584:
573:
562:
551:
540:
539:– ca. 145 spp.
529:
518:
511:Flabelloporina
507:
493:
492:
483:
482:
481:
480:
469:
455:
454:
445:
444:
443:
442:
431:
417:
416:
407:
406:
405:
404:
393:
382:
371:
360:
349:
335:
334:
325:
324:
323:
322:
319:Ehrenb. (1820)
308:
307:
302:Coenogoniaceae
278:
275:
228:, as was then
217:
214:
201:
198:
163:
162:
143:Coenogoniaceae
138:
137:
133:
132:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
48:
47:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1386:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1337:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1221:
1217:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1173:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1154:(in French).
1153:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1059:
1056:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1004:
999:
995:
991:
987:
985:
976:
973:
968:
965:(in German).
964:
957:
954:
949:
945:
938:
935:
930:
926:
919:
916:
911:
907:
900:
897:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
865:
863:
859:
854:
853:
845:
842:
836:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
804:
802:
798:
793:
789:
785:
781:
774:
771:
766:
762:
758:
754:
746:
743:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
711:
708:
703:
699:
694:
689:
685:
681:
677:
670:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
635:
633:
629:
624:
620:
613:
610:
605:
598:
595:
589:
579:
578:
577:Trichothelium
574:
568:
567:
563:
557:
556:
552:
546:
545:
544:Pseudosagedia
541:
535:
534:
530:
524:
523:
519:
513:
512:
508:
506:– ca. 25 spp.
502:
501:
500:Clathroporina
497:
496:
495:
494:
488:
485:
484:
475:
474:
470:
466:Th.Fr. (1860)
464:
463:
459:
458:
457:
456:
450:
447:
446:
439:Brusse (1987)
437:
436:
432:
426:
425:
421:
420:
419:
418:
412:
411:Phlyctidaceae
409:
408:
399:
398:
394:
388:
387:
383:
377:
376:
372:
366:
365:
361:
355:
354:
350:
344:
343:
339:
338:
337:
336:
330:
327:
326:
321:– ca. 91 spp.
317:
316:
312:
311:
310:
309:
303:
300:
299:
296:
295:
290:
286:
284:
276:
274:
271:
269:
264:
260:
256:
250:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:circumscribed
227:
223:
222:phylogenetics
215:
213:
211:
207:
199:
197:
195:
191:
187:
184:in the class
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:
161:
160:
156:
152:
151:Phlyctidaceae
148:
144:
139:
134:
129:
125:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
70:
67:
64:
63:
58:
53:
49:
46:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1242:
1219:
1218:(in Latin).
1215:
1209:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1172:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1100:(1): 67–75.
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1070:
1065:
1058:
1049:
1043:
1026:
1022:
1012:
993:
989:
983:
975:
966:
962:
956:
947:
943:
937:
928:
927:(in Latin).
924:
918:
909:
905:
899:
885:(1): 45–61.
882:
878:
874:
870:
851:
844:
817:
813:
783:
779:
773:
756:
752:
745:
720:
716:
710:
683:
679:
669:
644:
640:
622:
618:
612:
603:
597:
575:
564:
553:
542:
531:
520:
509:
498:
490:Rchb. (1828)
471:
460:
433:
422:
401:Vain. (1921)
397:Semigyalecta
395:
384:
375:Neopetractis
373:
362:
353:Francisrosea
351:
342:Cryptolechia
340:
329:Gyalectaceae
313:
292:
280:
272:
251:
242:Trapeliaceae
234:paraphyletic
219:
206:Aino Henssen
203:
168:
167:
166:
147:Gyalectaceae
141:
118:
42:
24:Gyalectales
18:
1359:Gyalectales
1273:Gyalectales
1267:Wikispecies
1243:Gyalectales
537:Ach. (1809)
473:Sagiolechia
462:Rhexophiale
379:Ertz (2021)
368:Ach. (1808)
315:Coenogonium
169:Gyalectales
119:Gyalectales
1353:Categories
1222:: 375–421.
1121:Myeloconis
969:: 569–575.
912:: 228–237.
814:Mycosphere
625:: 175–184.
590:References
570:Fr. (1825)
522:Myeloconis
487:Porinaceae
238:sensu lato
226:Ostropales
155:Porinaceae
105:Subclass:
89:Ascomycota
85:Division:
1094:Phytotaxa
931:(6): 153.
871:Thelopsis
583:– 40 spp.
572:– 70 spp.
566:Segestria
550:– 80 spp.
430:– 20 spp.
392:– 24 spp.
370:– 50 spp.
348:– 11 spp.
246:molecular
216:Phylogeny
180:-forming
136:Families
128:D.Hawksw.
75:Kingdom:
69:Eukaryota
39:Apothecia
1308:MycoBank
1282:Fungorum
1258:Q5623940
1252:Wikidata
1181:Saxiloba
990:Bothalia
950:: 13–18.
737:11418855
702:11110913
661:12383757
561:– 2 spp.
555:Saxiloba
528:– 4 spp.
479:– 3 spp.
424:Phlyctis
381:– 2 spp.
364:Gyalecta
200:Taxonomy
190:families
65:Domain:
875:Ramonia
517:– 1 sp.
468:– 1 sp.
441:– 1 sp.
403:– 1 sp.
386:Ramonia
359:– 1 sp.
124:Henssen
115:Order:
95:Class:
1333:NZOR:
1300:610643
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717:Nature
700:
659:
533:Porina
232:, was
194:genera
178:lichen
172:is an
1313:90474
1287:90474
1069:[
1023:Taxon
263:crown
259:clade
192:, 18
182:fungi
174:order
79:Fungi
1295:ITIS
733:PMID
698:PMID
657:PMID
1321:NBN
1195:doi
1160:doi
1133:doi
1102:doi
1098:358
1031:doi
998:doi
887:doi
877:".
830:hdl
822:doi
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761:doi
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725:doi
721:411
688:doi
649:doi
255:Mya
176:of
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