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occurs typically monthly, lasts 3–7 days, and involves up to 80 ml blood. Bleeding in excess of this norm in a nonpregnant woman constitutes gynecologic hemorrhage. In addition, early pregnancy bleeding has sometimes been included as gynecologic hemorrhage, namely bleeding from a
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108:(uterine lining) is stimulated and eventually such lining will be shed off (estrogen breakthrough bleeding). The anovulation chapter discusses its multiple possible causes. Longstanding anovulation can also lead to
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is important, particularly as bleeding in early pregnancy presents as gynecological hemorrhage and ectopic pregnancy can be fatal. Diagnosis is broadly classified into supportive and definitive investigations:
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Gynecologic hemorrhage needs to be evaluated as soon as possible by a physician. The amount and duration of bleeding will dictate whether a bleeding event is an emergency event.
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A history will establish if the condition is acute or chronic, and if external circumstances are involved. A gynecologic examination is usually complemented by a
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represent a common, benign condition that may lead to bleeding, specifically if the lesion affects the uterine cavity.
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of the uterine lining are a common cause of bleeding, but such bleeding tends to be light.
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to get samples for histology and also control the bleeding if associated with abortion.
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of the uterus is always a concern, specifically when the bleeding occurs after
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Treatment depends on diagnosis and may include hormonal therapy, iv fluids,
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is a common cause of gynecological hemorrhage. Under the influence of
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Pregnancy test for those who are not yet post menopausal mandatory.
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to the lower abdomen may lead to internal or external bleeding.
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Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP)
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at irregular intervals, particularly between the expected
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and rape can lead to injury and gynecological hemorrhage.
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and facilitate the development of endometrial cancer.
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Excessive bleeding of the female reproductive system
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325:or abdominal surgery, in rare and extreme cases a
1914:Childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder
412:"Rrhagia | Define Rrhagia at Dictionary.com"
250:Ultrasonography to rule out uterine lesions, PID.
247:Complete blood count to assess degree of anemia.
432:MedicineNet.com > Definition of Metrorrhagia
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233:and may point out bleeding problems. The
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89:Causes of gynecologic bleeding include:
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1552:Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
1519:Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
22:represents excessive bleeding of the
7:
1618:Pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability
452:"What Is Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?"
1284:Persistent genital arousal disorder
1567:Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy
14:
1825:Pain management during childbirth
1752:Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
1098:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
617:Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
2011:
2010:
1997:Sexual activity during pregnancy
441:Last Editorial Review: 3/17/2003
128:. Other types of cancer include
1499:Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
712:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
1:
1701:Prelabor rupture of membranes
321:. Internal bleeding requires
1980:Systemic lupus erythematosus
1631:Maternal care related to the
1613:Gestational thrombocytopenia
808:Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
779:Polymenorrhea (epimenorrhea)
1781:Cephalopelvic disproportion
1225:Pelvic inflammatory disease
227:gynecologic ultrasonography
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1892:Breastfeeding difficulties
1691:Constriction ring syndrome
1665:Braxton Hicks contractions
1220:Pelvic congestion syndrome
650:Fallopian tube obstruction
414:. Dictionary.reference.com
171:
76:is vaginal bleeding after
24:female reproductive system
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1929:Peripartum cardiomyopathy
1919:Pubic symphysis diastasis
1269:Vestibular papillomatosis
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1121:
1021:
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838:Metropathia haemorrhagica
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364:"Vaginal bleeding Causes"
1455:Gestational hypertension
605:Follicular cyst of ovary
388:"Gynecologic hemorrhage"
1854:Umbilical cord prolapse
1776:Amniotic fluid embolism
1534:dermatoses of pregnancy
1103:Sexual arousal disorder
1059:Candidal vulvovaginitis
717:Endometrial hyperplasia
110:endometrial hyperplasia
2040:Gynaecologic disorders
1970:Concomitant conditions
1949:Postpartum thyroiditis
1727:Circumvallate placenta
1547:Impetigo herpetiformis
1542:Gestational pemphigoid
1514:Hyperemesis gravidarum
1447:hypertensive disorders
546:Endometriosis of ovary
319:dilation and curettage
271:Dilation and curettage
207:obstetrical hemorrhage
205:related bleeding (see
201:is positive, consider
48:obstetrical hemorrhage
20:Gynecologic hemorrhage
1939:Postpartum infections
1934:Postpartum depression
990:Vesicouterine fistula
933:Cervical incompetence
858:Recurrent miscarriage
796:Premenstrual syndrome
657:Fallopian tube cancer
1944:Postpartum psychosis
1813:Obstetrical bleeding
1708:Obstetrical bleeding
1529:Integumentary system
1504:Gestational diabetes
1483:related to pregnancy
1481:Other, predominantly
1148:Rectovaginal fistula
573:Poor ovarian reserve
2045:Medical emergencies
1924:Postpartum bleeding
1747:Placental abruption
1732:Monochorionic twins
1562:Prurigo gestationis
1198:Postcoital bleeding
1126:Urogenital fistulas
1054:Bacterial vaginosis
707:Asherman's syndrome
74:Postcoital bleeding
1954:Puerperal mastitis
1909:Breast engorgement
1696:Monoamniotic twins
1686:Chorionic hematoma
1083:Sexual dysfunction
1049:Atrophic vaginitis
985:Retroverted uterus
948:Female infertility
928:Cervical dysplasia
853:Female infertility
645:Female infertility
600:Corpus luteum cyst
556:Ovulatory disorder
551:Female infertility
437:2014-08-13 at the
190:or as a result of
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1975:Diabetes mellitus
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339:Medical emergency
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295:ectopic pregnancy
215:ectopic pregnancy
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68:menstrual periods
42:state or during
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1837:Placenta accreta
1742:Placenta praevia
1737:Placenta accreta
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764:Hypomenorrhea
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727:Endometriosis
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2016:
2009:
1869:Vasa praevia
1829:
1803:Locked twins
1719:
1669:
1645:
1391:Interstitial
1173:Sigmoidocele
1081:
1026:Hematocolpos
905:Parametritis
813:Metrorrhagia
791:Dysmenorrhea
744:Menstruation
742:
732:Endometritis
667:Hydrosalpinx
595:Ovarian cyst
471:
459:. Retrieved
455:
446:
427:
416:. Retrieved
406:
395:. Retrieved
392:ScienceDaily
391:
382:
371:. Retrieved
367:
358:
327:hysterectomy
317:, and/or a
312:
304:
286:Menstruation
284:
224:
196:
185:
177:
96:
88:
60:Metrorrhagia
36:menstruation
19:
18:
1808:Nuchal cord
1557:Linea nigra
1509:Hepatitis E
1442:proteinuria
1423:Miscarriage
1408:Embryo loss
1386:Heterotopic
1178:Urethrocele
1093:Dyspareunia
1066:Hydrocolpos
1030:Hydrocolpos
976:Hematometra
897:Parametrium
882:Adenomyosis
695:Endometrium
672:Salpingitis
561:Anovulation
368:Mayo Clinic
323:laparoscopy
291:miscarriage
276:Colposcopy.
211:miscarriage
106:endometrium
98:Anovulation
2034:Categories
1818:Postpartum
1713:Antepartum
1428:Stillbirth
1339:puerperium
1337:, and the
1335:childbirth
1279:Vulvodynia
1163:Enterocele
1113:Vaginismus
1035:Leukorrhea
943:Cervicitis
874:Myometrium
759:Amenorrhea
585:Oophoritis
461:2020-09-05
418:2013-06-27
397:2020-09-05
373:2020-09-05
350:References
281:Definition
255:Definitive
242:Supportive
1884:Puerperal
1472:Eclampsia
1376:Abdominal
1347:Pregnancy
1331:pregnancy
1168:Rectocele
1158:Cystocele
1044:Vaginitis
344:Istihadha
309:Treatment
301:First aid
265:pap smear
221:Diagnosis
203:pregnancy
188:ovulation
174:Istihadha
161:Accidents
126:menopause
34:. Normal
2018:Category
1831:placenta
1721:placenta
1381:Cervical
1366:Abortion
1274:Vulvitis
1238:External
1153:Prolapse
980:Pyometra
521:Internal
514:genitals
435:Archived
333:See also
116:Neoplasm
102:estrogen
93:Hormonal
44:delivery
40:pregnant
32:hematoma
1671:chorion
1396:Ovarian
969:General
508:of the
197:If the
1675:amnion
1014:Vagina
915:Cervix
834:Other
819:Mixed
803:Timing
686:Uterus
529:Adnexa
510:pelvis
293:or an
231:anemia
149:Trauma
142:Polyps
122:Cancer
85:Causes
46:is an
28:vagina
1963:Other
1768:Labor
1634:fetus
1605:Blood
1444:, and
1438:Edema
1246:Vulva
1213:Other
538:Ovary
456:WebMD
182:Other
54:Types
1636:and
786:Pain
754:Flow
512:and
213:and
104:the
2036::
1673:/
1440:,
1333:,
1037:/
1028:/
978:/
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1531:/
1322:e
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498:e
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376:.
267:.
80:.
70:.
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