1108:"Django in June" is a weeklong gypsy jazz music camp ("Django Camp"), with weekend clinics and concerts. Inaugurated in 2004, the event is held on the campus of Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts offers a gypsy jazz ensemble instructed by Jason Anick, the leader of the Rhythm Future Quartet. DjangoFest NW is held each September at Whidbey Island Center for the Arts in Langley, Washington, which typically features such performers as John Jorgenson, The Rosenberg Trio, Dan Hicks, and Pearl Django. In conjunction with the first DjangoFest event, Jazz Gitan guitarist Don Price started the first American Gypsy Jazz Guitar Group to facilitate the popularity and spread of this style in the United States. Every year, in August, New York's Lincoln Center holds a concert at Rose Hall, and the jazz club Birdland in New York holds a weeklong gypsy jazz concert series in June and November.
1010:
359:
846:
564:, "two-feel" parts where the root and the fifth (or sometimes another chord tone) are played as quarter notes on the first and third beats, respectively, and for ballads, a mix of whole notes and half notes. It is mostly plucked with the fingers, but on some songs, the bow is used, either for staccato roots and fifths in "two-feel" or, on a ballad, for sustained low notes. On some songs, bass players may be given an improvised solo. Some gypsy jazz bass players strike the fingerboard with the fingers between plucked notes, creating a percussive style called
545:; Maccaferri parted company with Selmer in 1933 and later models were just known as "Selmer". These guitars were originally made in two versions, the earliest with a large, D-shaped sound hole, and later models with a smaller, O-shaped sound hole. The later models are considered most suited to lead guitar playing. In the 2010s, designs based on this model were marketed as "gypsy jazz guitars" and are the guitars of choice for most practitioners of the style on account of their responsiveness and particular tonal characteristics.
1101:
235:
489:, Grappelli returned to the hot club style with the support of acoustic guitars and double bass. Grappelli's popularity and public appearances helped to rekindle an interest in gypsy jazz among younger listeners. In the 2010s and 2020s, the gypsy jazz style is once again passed on from one generation to the next in Manouche/Sinti communities, children learning from their relatives at an early age, able to master the basics almost before they can hold a normal-sized guitar in their hands.
572:
530:
1080:
Communist
Romania. After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, numerous musicians who were not previously permitted to record on the national record label Electrecord, saw their debuts released; but that eclectic characteristic of Romanian gypsy music changed into what is now called "manele" – a music that is not entirely from gypsy folk origin, nor is it jazz or another defined genre. There are many manele performers creating hybrid genres mixing different notes and rhythms.
1112:
with Pearl Django, the
Clearwater Hot Club, and Parisota Hot Club, "Stockholm Sweetnin'" (2006) with The Hot Club of Sweden, and "All the Cats Join In" (2014) with the John Jorgenson Quintet. George Cole and his group Vive Le Jazz have been touring nationally, most recently playing at Carnegie Hall in 2008. His gypsy jazz inspired music was chosen for a Grammy's showcase. He plays an original Selmer 520 that Django Reinhardt used on tour in France in the 1940s.
501:—did not generally play gypsy jazz in the hot club style, although they were indeed gypsies who were playing jazz. Likewise, a number of today's gypsy jazz exponents are non-gypsies, in addition to the more well known Roma players. Thus, the term has become attached to the style of the music, rather than the ethnicity of the players. Django himself would not have known the term "Manouche jazz"; the Quintette was simply a popular jazz outfit of the day.
371:
4217:
733:, but when moving from string to string, the traditional technique is to use a down stroke. For instance, on switching from the G to the B string, the plectrum will move in the same direction and come to rest on the E string. The down stroke is preferred because of volume and tone. While this technique of doubling down strokes varies among players, Stochelo Rosenberg's technique is a prime example.
905:
27:
3669:
597:
1334:
This is a generalised account drawing from material in a range of sources, including
Michael Dregni's two comprehensive accounts (2006 and 2008) in particular (see "Further reading" for full details). Information and detailed sources on individual artists mentioned are given in the relevant Knowledge
1111:
In
Minnesota, guitarist and composer Reynold Philipsek performs gypsy jazz as a solo musician and with Minnesota gypsy jazz acts East Side, The Twin Cities Hot Club, and Sidewalk Café. Also in the Twin Cities area, the singer Connie Evingson has recorded three gypsy albums: "Gypsy in My Soul" (2004)
1079:
was politically censored throughout the 1980, so that only bootleg recordings survive of those years. According to the
Romanian Ministry of Culture, the reason for banning it was its impure nature, threatening the national folk music. However, other lăutari music was widely recorded and performed in
690:
Arpeggios on the guitar are typically executed as patterns running diagonally from the lower frets on the lower strings to the upper frets on the upper strings. Such patterns tend to have no more than two stopped notes per string, relating to the fact that Django could only articulate two fingers on
630:
feeling, and it most often emphasizes beats two and four, a vital feature of swing. The strumming hand, which never touches the top of the guitar, must make a quick up-down strum followed by a down strum. The up-down part of la pompe must be done extremely fast, regardless of the tempo of the music.
513:
initially played acoustically, without a drummer. After 1940, the group often recorded with a drummer. Guitar and violin are still the main solo instruments, although clarinet, saxophone, mandolin, and accordion are sometimes used. The rhythm guitar is played using a distinct percussive technique,
789:
with little formal musical study (or, indeed, formal education of any kind). Since the late 1970s, study materials of a more conventional kind such as workshops, etude and method books and videos have become available, allowing musicians worldwide to learn the style and its idiomatic ornaments and
433:
This lineup, with occasional changes in membership on double bass and rhythm guitar, entered the recording studio later that year. They recorded extensively, until the outbreak of war in 1939 when the
Quintette was on tour in England. Reinhardt returned to Paris, while Grappelli remained in London
920:, Christian Flores (Ottawa), Django Libre and Les Petits Nouveaux. Christine Tassan et les Imposteures is a gypsy jazz band founded in 2003 in Montreal. For several years it was an entirely feminine quartet. It still includes four musicians around lead guitarist and lead singer Christine Tassan.
492:
What is called "gypsy jazz" today was not always played exclusively by Roma, even in its early days: of the original
Quintette, only Django and his brother Joseph were Roma, and Django himself played in a non-Roma jazz context on many occasions. In addition, many later Roma guitarists—including
449:
Following
Reinhardt's death in 1953 and into the 1960s, Romani players performed mainly upon amplified instruments in a modern, electric style, though with a European "inflection" in which some traces of Reinhardt's influence remained. However, from the 1970s onwards, a new generation of Romani
350:, which translates to "gypsy jazz" in English. Some scholars have noted that the name "manouche jazz" began to be used around the late 1990s as a replacement term. The term "gypsy jazz" may be considered offensive, as the word "gypsy" has historically been used as a slur against Romani people.
717:
is played in all inversions, one after the other, is another widespread gypsy jazz technique. Diminished 7th arpeggios are also used over dominant 7th chords. (Example: If an A7 is being played, a diminished run starting on C# would be played, creating an A7b9 sound over the dominant chord.)
434:
for the duration of the war. After the war, they reunited in London and recorded with an
English rhythm section. The days of the "hot club" sound were over, as both men had pursued independent musical paths. Reinhardt had moved to an electric guitar sound influenced by
769:". Much of the repertoire is in minor keys, and the dorian and harmonic minor modes are frequently heard, lending a distinctively dark and modal sound to the tunes, contrasting with the up-tempo and spirited performance style. One popular example is Django's tune "
2064:
Entertainer of the Week is
Tatiana Eva-Marie...included in Vanity Fair's list of rising jazz stars...lead singer of the Gypsy-French Avalon Jazz Band...influences of Gypsy and Eastern European folklore...with violinist Adrien Chevalier...we opened for Norah
422:, they played dance music at the Hôtel Claridge in Paris, during the summer of 1934. According to an account in a book by Michael Dregni, Grappelli played a chorus, then Reinhardt began to improvise. Sometimes they were accompanied on double bass by
896:, who now lives in Perth, Western Australia, has toured and recorded gypsy jazz in a quartet featuring a rhythm guitar, bandoleon, and double bass. There is a gypsy jazz "cell" in St. Kilda, Melbourne, which has performed in parks.
996:
Violinist George Curmi l-Puse along with accordionist Yuri Charyguine, guitarists Joshua Bray and Steve Delia d-Delli, and bassist Anthony Saliba l-Fesu created the Hot Club Of Valletta in 2014. They have played gigs in and around
745:, which are fairly distinct from the standards tunes of mainstream jazz. However, contemporary ensembles may adapt almost any type of song to the style. Swing standards include jazz hits of the 1920s and 1930s, such as "
4182:
928:
Contemporary gypsy instrumentalists in the Django Reinhardt and Jazz Hot Tradition, as heard annually at the Festival Django Reinhardt at Samois-sur-Seine, France, include Django's grandson David Reinhardt,
713:, in which the guitar player slides a finger along a string, with a precisely timed tremolo picking out individual notes, in order to get a fast, virtuosic sound. Diminished runs, in which the shape of a
1960:("The Şoseaua Kiseleff Conferences. Oral music professionals: history, practice, styles, recent tendencies"), a lecture read at the Peasant Club within the Museum of the Romanian Peasant (4 iunie 2009)
1057:
from these instruments are also featured.) The repertoire mixes together café concert, old-school jazz standards, folk and pop-folk music. The Western gypsy style is reinterpreted mostly through the
1115:
In Brooklyn, New York, musicians from France including vocalist Tatiana Eva-Marie of the Avalon Jazz Band and violinist Adrien Chevalier have been performing a gypsy-jazz mixed with American swing.
3851:
856:
The largest audiences and highest number of musicians were found in Europe in 2006 as this is where the style originated. Contemporary gypsy jazz musicians include Gonzalo Bergara, George Cole,
607:
4177:
1049:, some traditional instruments (kobza, cimbalom) are replaced by electric guitars and synthesizers, while others are kept (fiddle, accordion, alto saxophone, taragot), thus creating an
1670:
1525:
1033:
are based in Sweden. Gypsy guitar builder Ari-Jukka Luomaranta (AJL-Guitars) is based in Finland and runs his own group Hot club de Finlande, performing with soloists from Europe.
675:. Dominant seventh chords are also altered by lowering the 9th and 13th scale degree. Gypsy jazz songs use half-diminished chords to precede dominant seventh chords in minor keys.
1809:
1284:
and his mother was a Reinhardt (another German surname). Also living in the south of France at the time were another gypsy clan or tribe, the Gitans, whose origins were from the
785:
The first generations of gypsy jazz musicians learned the style by the "gypsy method," involving intense practice, direct imitation of older musicians (often family members) and
426:, the band's leader, and by Roger Chaput on rhythm guitar. This was the core of Reinhardt's band. The addition of Reinhardt's brother, Joseph, on rhythm guitar made it the
3836:
4069:
2695:
3814:
2998:
1572:
4167:
4059:
3841:
2937:
2024:
4099:
3705:
2957:
1997:
386:
bands with accordionists and accompanying popular singers of the day, he became acquainted with jazz music and began playing it. After hearing
1404:
635:
in classical music, albeit an entire chord is used. This pattern is usually played in unison by two or more guitarists in the rhythm section.
2922:
2190:
2176:
2162:
2103:
1970:
1766:
1678:
1414:
1160:
1523:
1138:
Williams, Patrick. "Un Héritage Sans Transmission : Le Jazz Manouche." Ethnologie Française 30, no. 3 (2000): 409-22. French language.
3653:
2947:
1248:"UT Feature Story -- What's in a Name?: Professor takes on roles of Romani activist and spokesperson to improve plight of his ethnic group"
1354:
1288:
gypsies of Spain. Although Reinhardt's style has acquired the name "jazz manouche" in recent times, many of his accompanists, such as the
575:
Belgian virtuoso violinist Yves Teicher and the Chorda Trio at la Ferme de la Madelonne in Gouvy (Belgium) during the 2007 Djangofolllies.
1838:
825:. Touring gypsy jazz musicians often include workshops with performances. Players who have written study guides include Martin Norgaard,
2917:
1740:
1813:
291:
Reinhardt was foremost among a group of gypsy guitarists working in Paris from the 1930s to the 1950s. The group included the brothers
4202:
3799:
2204:
2126:
1462:
1009:
1247:
3794:
3618:
2140:
2089:
1375:
1319:
1219:
110:
798:
with the chord progressions and melodies of gypsy jazz standards have become available as well, both in book form and on websites.
358:
667:. Reharmonisation is often aimed at giving a minor feel, even where a song is in a major key; for instance, the substitution of a
4139:
4114:
3749:
2763:
450:
players were interested in the original, hot club style and repertoire; some, such as the older German violinist and bandleader
3447:
2743:
1924:
1725:
1700:
510:
427:
273:
226:
1783:
3981:
3887:
2690:
2328:
2263:
48:
1826:... Bushwick jazz singer group Tatiana Eva-Marie and her Avalon Jazz Band will play 1920s-style Gypsy jazz in the lobby, ...
326:. However, it had a resurgence from the 1970s onwards, among performers and audiences at festivals, etc., in particular the
845:
3809:
2884:
2859:
2784:
2715:
2705:
709:
Chromatic runs are often executed very quickly over more than one octave. A particularly characteristic technique is the
91:
4197:
4124:
4008:
3736:
2879:
2834:
2758:
2753:
2748:
1045:(i.e. music in the Banat style), still practised to date. It has a different approach to lăutari (gypsy folk) music. In
63:
4192:
4064:
3846:
3698:
2720:
2634:
718:
Guitarists often intersperse melodic playing with flamenco-esque percussive series of chords to create a varied solo.
583:, or a cymbalom and/or drums and an acoustic guitar ("ţiitură" in Romanian). A double bass fills out these ensembles.
44:
2109:
514:"la pompe", which essentially replaces the drums. Most gypsy jazz guitarists, lead and rhythm, play a version of the
518:
design favored by Reinhardt. Ensembles aim for an acoustic sound even when playing amplified concerts, and informal
4094:
3904:
3744:
3726:
2899:
2700:
1540:
Andrew Gilbert (30 July 2011) San Jose Mercury News, "Argentine guitarist Gonzalo Bergara Feels Gypsy jazz spirit"
1176:
1025:
There is a yearly Django festival in Norway and Jon Larsen's Hot Club de Norvège is based there. Gypsy guitarists
70:
37:
3924:
3330:
2977:
2894:
2644:
643:
Another aspect of the style is based on the chord shapes Reinhardt was forced to use due to his injury. Standard
327:
3826:
1894:
4187:
4157:
4104:
4003:
3998:
2993:
2932:
2649:
1100:
766:
714:
515:
454:, had been playing such music earlier, after Reinhardt's model. From the 1970s on, Romani performers such as
2967:
2869:
2819:
2725:
2685:
2664:
2654:
2624:
2199:. Originally published in French, English translation by Vincent Michael. Pacific, Missouri: Mel Bay, 2004.
77:
2225:
953:
and Florin Niculescu. Former regulars also included the late Mondine Garcia and Didi Duprat. Jazz vocalist
280:
clan of Romanis, and has remained popular amongst this clan. Gypsy jazz is often called by the French name
3691:
3325:
3197:
2952:
2942:
2909:
2669:
2629:
2614:
2601:
969:
822:
537:
Reinhardt and his band used a range of guitar models available in France, but dominant among them was the
451:
2051:
1061:
rhythm, actually very close to it, but syncopated differently in lead instruments. Throughout the years,
4134:
3877:
3646:
3037:
2962:
2927:
2659:
2639:
2619:
2609:
2306:
234:
419:
269:
222:
59:
1958:
Conferinţele de la Şosea. Profesioniştii muzicilor orale: istorie, practici, stiluri, tendinţe recente
765:"; compositions by other notable gypsy swing players and jazzed-up versions of Romani songs, such as "
4248:
3986:
3774:
3597:
3412:
3320:
3024:
2799:
2710:
1050:
973:
869:
471:
459:
1234:
Siv B. Lie and Benjamin Givan (2019). "Jazz Manouche". Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press.
571:
4243:
4109:
4043:
4028:
4013:
3882:
3831:
3442:
3042:
2889:
2794:
2383:
2348:
695:
529:
370:
241:(left) with Steeve Laffont, playing their brand of gypsy jazz at la Chope des Puces, Paris, in 2016
1701:"Christine Tassan et les Imposteures - Gypsy jazz band and swing songs - Montreal, Quebec, Canada"
1041:
Gypsy jazz came into prominence in Romania around 1980 by means of the pop-folk subgenre known as
809:
files have become available. Prominent gypsy-style guitarists who are not ethnically Roma include
4162:
4074:
3804:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3422:
3305:
3212:
3185:
3075:
2854:
2458:
2311:
2256:
1013:
873:
770:
722:
479:
4119:
1092:, Albert Bello and David Regueiro. There is also a yearly Django festival: Festival Django L'H.
972:(17 February 1921 – 15 April 2006) was a German gypsy jazz violinist, composer and interpreter.
467:
4079:
3976:
3630:
3553:
2779:
2200:
2186:
2172:
2158:
2144:
2136:
2122:
2099:
2085:
1846:
1762:
1458:
1410:
1371:
1315:
1215:
1156:
981:
958:
730:
668:
494:
439:
1736:
1311:
1211:
318:. It fell out of favour as the "swing era" came to an end, being replaced in its homeland by
3917:
3624:
3437:
3315:
3310:
3192:
3113:
2849:
2839:
2537:
2391:
1235:
1026:
954:
934:
917:
814:
802:
773:", perhaps the most well-known gypsy jazz composition. Slower ballads and duets may feature
703:
684:
672:
623:
542:
523:
411:
379:
366:, "originator" of gypsy jazz, presides over the Hot Club de Norvège at Djangofestivalen 2018
363:
331:
315:
304:
265:
238:
218:
4221:
3961:
3912:
3892:
3872:
3639:
3355:
3335:
3287:
3092:
3070:
2829:
2824:
2527:
2507:
2495:
2286:
2229:
1744:
1529:
1251:
1054:
1030:
985:
942:
830:
726:
660:
656:
498:
443:
407:
383:
347:
178:
1474:
579:
In Eastern European gypsy music, the rhythm section is most likely covered by one or two
463:
334:, France (the location of Reinhardt's last residence) and continues to the present time.
84:
4149:
3971:
3939:
3371:
3168:
2569:
2557:
1089:
946:
938:
930:
877:
865:
857:
810:
786:
553:
395:
1869:
4237:
4089:
3929:
3821:
3779:
3714:
3602:
3585:
3570:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3272:
3249:
3147:
3135:
3125:
3108:
2735:
2579:
2438:
2373:
2358:
2338:
2249:
2025:"David Regueiro: "Sin pasión se podría tocar esta música, pero no sería interesante""
1704:
1304:
1204:
1119:
1070:
950:
881:
849:
818:
806:
742:
627:
557:
538:
533:
Selmer Maccaferri type guitars. Distinctive sound holes and "floating" wooden bridges
455:
323:
300:
296:
261:
206:
1932:
1645:
310:
The style was popular in France and, via recordings and appearances by the original
4129:
4084:
3993:
3966:
3956:
3934:
3592:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3256:
3244:
3237:
3227:
3180:
3175:
3142:
3018:
3013:
3003:
2874:
2586:
2423:
2323:
1088:
Since the 2010s, Gypsy Jazz has been growing very fast in Spain with guitarists as
861:
826:
774:
750:
644:
561:
142:
1499:
904:
3673:
3575:
3538:
3232:
3222:
3217:
3202:
3163:
3118:
3032:
3008:
2864:
2844:
2809:
2804:
2789:
2574:
2562:
2547:
2480:
2363:
2343:
2318:
2291:
1289:
1104:
US band Pearl Django performs in Seattle. Note the accordion player on the left.
1058:
977:
913:
893:
754:
699:
652:
648:
549:
519:
475:
292:
188:
147:
26:
4172:
3949:
3856:
3560:
3548:
3392:
3376:
3282:
3207:
3065:
2532:
2517:
2490:
2368:
2353:
1430:
912:
In Canada, gypsy jazz bands include Denis Chang, Justin Duhaime's Gypsy Muse,
795:
632:
486:
423:
403:
399:
1292:
brothers, were Gitans. For more information see Cruickshank, 1984, pp. 40-41.
694:
Commonly used scales, in addition to arpeggios, include the chromatic scale,
3528:
3277:
3130:
3080:
2972:
2591:
2552:
2475:
2463:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2433:
2428:
2418:
2333:
2296:
1619:
1355:
Django legacy - the music of Django Reinhardt & the birth of gypsy jazz
791:
757:
numbers, often waltzes; original compositions by Django Reinhardt, such as "
746:
710:
664:
618:
In gypsy jazz, the rhythm guitar uses a special form of strumming known as "
565:
391:
1280:
people of Germany and the Netherlands; his father's surname was the German
1180:
1073:
when played in the Banat style; however the swung sârbă was not abandoned.
961:
performs gypsy-jazz music combined with swing music in Brooklyn, New York.
552:
is the low-pitched instrument in gypsy jazz. The bass is mostly used for a
4033:
3789:
3533:
3432:
2814:
2542:
2485:
2411:
2401:
2301:
2148:
1998:"Albert Bello: "El jazz manouche fomenta el respeto a la cultura gitana""
1431:"Ornamented Arpeggios: Free Jazz Guitar Soloing Lesson 7 by Tony Oreshko"
1273:
998:
762:
580:
277:
210:
1139:
1001:
into 2015, sometimes referring to the music they play as jazz manouche.
3668:
3580:
3565:
3427:
2522:
2406:
1550:
568:(this is different from the 1970s bass guitar style of the same name).
387:
1053:
type of sound (beside the unexpected timbre combinations, contrasting
622:", i.e. "the pump". This form of percussive rhythm is similar to the "
4038:
4018:
3784:
3085:
2512:
2502:
2235:
2169:
Gypsy Jazz: In Search of Django Reinhardt and the Soul of Gypsy Swing
1902:
1153:
Gypsy Jazz: In Search of Django Reinhardt and the Soul of Gypsy Swing
1066:
834:
758:
415:
183:
596:
4023:
3543:
3417:
2396:
2133:
Django's Gypsies - The Mystique of Django Reinhardt and His People
2121:. Privately published, 1982; reprinted Music Sales America, 1992.
1277:
1276:
Romani clan of northern France, the French-speaking branch of the
1099:
1008:
903:
844:
595:
570:
528:
435:
369:
357:
319:
233:
214:
164:
1971:"Â"Sé que es un disco muy bueno y he querido gestionarlo todoÂ""
1573:"Gypsy Muse's bright rhythms were a big hit with young listeners"
4183:
Leeds University Library's Gypsy, Traveller and Roma Collections
3683:
2272:
2222:
833:, Robin Nolan, Denis Chang, Michael Horowitz, Daniel Givone and
522:
in small venues such as the annual Django Reinhardt festival at
137:
3687:
2245:
2238:: Forum for Gypsy Jazz discussions on www.djangobooks.com (USA)
1810:"Creepy 'Cabinet': 1920s horror flick screens at Kings Theatre"
314:, in other European countries before and immediately after the
1784:"Cyrille Aimée to fuse Gypsy, jazz spirits in Santa Cruz show"
378:
The origins of gypsy jazz can be traced to the Manouche gypsy
20:
2197:
L'Esprit Manouche: A Comprehensive Study of Gypsy Jazz Guitar
1597:
1016:
performing with the Rosenberg Trio in the Netherlands in 2002
3852:
Memorial to the Sinti and Roma Victims of National Socialism
2216:
1344:
Chapter 20: "Along came Diz." in Balmer, 2003, pp. 235-253.
626:" in bluegrass styles; it is what gives the music its fast
374:
Original 78 release by the Quintette du Hot Club de France.
268:(1910–1953), in conjunction with the French jazz violinist
4178:
Documentation and Cultural Centre of German Sinti and Roma
2155:
Django Reinhardt and the Illustrated History of Gypsy Jazz
1759:
Django Reinhardt and the Illustrated History of Gypsy Jazz
1737:
http://www.festivaldjangoreinhardt.com/spip.php?rubrique26
1236:
https://doi.org/10.1093/omo/9781561592630.013.90000315373
382:. After serving his musical "apprenticeship" playing in
2241:
1671:"Belleville, les petits nouveaux from Paris to Toronto"
2119:
The Guitar Style of Django Reinhardt and the Gypsies
957:
has roots based in gypsy jazz. French jazz vocalist
949:, Samson Schmitt, Stephane Wrembel, Biréli Lagrène,
4148:
4052:
3903:
3865:
3735:
3611:
3521:
3405:
3385:
3364:
3348:
3298:
3265:
3156:
3101:
3058:
3051:
2986:
2908:
2772:
2734:
2678:
2600:
2382:
2279:
984:(born 1975) is a contemporary singer-songwriter in
200:
171:
156:
130:
125:
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1303:
1203:
683:Lead playing in this style has been summarised as
4070:European Civil Rights Prize of the Sinti and Roma
976:(1951 – 2 June 2016) was a German gypsy jazz and
446:, played in a style influenced by American jazz.
418:, France, in 1931. After Reinhardt met violinist
2052:"NY Entertainer of the Week – Tatiana Eva-Marie"
741:Gypsy jazz has its own set of frequently played
725:of gypsy jazz has been described as similar to
1177:"Some Background Information on Jazz Manouche"
276:. The style has its origins in France and the
3837:2008–2009 neo-Nazi murders of Roma in Hungary
3815:Deportations of Romani people to Transnistria
3699:
2257:
1457:, Stan Ayeroff, p. 43, Mel Bay Publications,
655:are almost never played, and are replaced by
272:(1908–1997), as expressed by their group the
8:
1306:Django: The Life and Music of a Gypsy Legend
1206:Django: The Life and Music of a Gypsy Legend
1122:is a leading figure of American gypsy-jazz.
2185:. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
1155:. Oxford University Press. pp. 10–13.
647:are not as common in gypsy jazz. Standard
3706:
3692:
3684:
3295:
3055:
2264:
2250:
2242:
122:
4168:European Center for Antiziganism Research
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
4060:Central Council of German Sinti and Roma
3842:Deportation of Roma migrants from France
1956:Rădulescu, Speranţa and Iordan, Florin.
4100:Contact Point for Roma and Sinti Issues
2111:Django Legacy – The Birth of Gypsy Jazz
1952:
1950:
1131:
1996:Hernández, Óscar (11 October 2018).
1726:fr:Christine Tassan et les Imposteures
729:. Notes on the same string are played
1895:"Gustav Lundgren — Musikcentrum Väst"
1140:https://www.jstor.org/stable/40990261
908:Nova Scotia band Gypsophilia in 2010.
852:, guitarist on stage in London, 1983.
410:via the record collection of painter
260:) is a musical idiom inspired by the
7:
1310:. Oxford University Press. pp.
1210:. Oxford University Press. pp.
49:adding citations to reliable sources
2195:Romane and Derek Sebastian (2004):
2096:Stéphane Grappelli: A Life in Jazz.
1782:Andrew Gilbert (26 February 2014).
1455:Mel Bay's Music of Django Reinhardt
1069:rhythm, which sounds more like the
322:, mainstream jazz, and eventually,
4203:Museum of Roma Culture of Belgrade
3800:Rescue of Roma during the Porajmos
1808:Danielle Kogan (25 October 2017).
801:Since the 1990s, software such as
342:The musical style was first named
14:
3795:Berlin-Marzahn concentration camp
3619:Album covers of Blue Note Records
2050:Kerry Gravatas (2 January 2017).
1868:Allen, Rick (24 September 2013).
1250:. 5 February 2005. Archived from
1065:has gradually become fond of the
4216:
4215:
4140:European Roma Information Office
4115:European Roma Information Office
3750:Archaeology of the Romani people
3667:
1812:. Brooklyn Daily. Archived from
1403:Earls, Jason (6 November 2009).
1335:(XXG) articles on those persons.
485:At the instigation of guitarist
25:
2217:The Django Reinhardt Swing Page
2084:Consolidated Music Publishers.
2082:Jazz Masters: Django Reinhardt.
511:Quintette du Hot Club de France
428:Quintette du Hot Club de France
274:Quintette du Hot Club de France
227:Quintette du Hot Club de France
36:needs additional citations for
3888:Environmental racism in Europe
3810:Gypsy family camp in Auschwitz
2999:Institutions and organizations
1747:, Festivaldjangoreinhardt.com.
1272:Django's family were from the
777:playing and exotic harmonies.
541:guitar designed and signed by
1:
2696:Cool jazz and West Coast jazz
2183:The Music of Django Reinhardt
1977:(in Spanish). 8 February 2016
1620:"Mishra's Dream on CBC Music"
1551:"Gypsy Muse – Justin Duhaime"
988:and innovator of gypsy jazz.
787:playing and learning "by ear"
394:music, Reinhardt listened to
288:in English-language sources.
160:
4198:Gordon Boswell Romany Museum
4125:National Agency for the Roma
4009:World Day of Romani Language
3760:Moldavian–Wallachian slavery
2171:. Oxford University Press.
1761:. Speck Press. p. 197.
1368:The Total Acoustic Guitarist
4193:Basketry Museum of the Roma
4065:European Roma Rights Centre
3847:Roma Holocaust Memorial Day
2232:: French site on Gypsy Jazz
1406:Underground Guitar Handbook
1118:New Jersey-based guitarist
330:which commenced in 1968 at
4267:
4095:International Romani Union
3727:Names of the Romani people
2236:www.djangobooks.com/forum/
2135:. Ashley Mark Publishing.
2023:Región, La (20 May 2015).
1388:Horowitz, Michael (2007),
835:Patrick "Romane" Leguidcoq
505:Instrumentation and lineup
305:Joseph "Nin-Nin" Reinhardt
4211:
3722:
3663:
3025:See Template: Jazz theory
1675:www.alliance-francaise.ca
482:performed in this style.
328:Festival Django Reinhardt
205:
4188:Museum of Romani Culture
4158:Romani Studies (journal)
4105:Decade of Roma Inclusion
4004:International Romani Day
2131:Ian Cruickshank (1994):
2117:Ian Cruickshank (1982):
1757:Dregni, Michael (2006).
1739:History of the festival
1650:TD Toronto Jazz Festival
1528:17 November 2006 at the
1409:. Lulu.com. p. 52.
1302:Dregni, Michael (2004).
1202:Dregni, Michael (2004).
1151:Dregni, Michael (2008).
715:diminished seventh chord
631:It is very similar to a
516:Selmer-Maccaferri guitar
303:and Reinhardt's brother
2228:7 November 2008 at the
2219:: UK Gypsy Jazz website
2181:Benjamin Givan (2010):
2167:Michael Dregni (2008):
2153:Michael Dregni (2006):
1644:Patti (10 March 2014).
687:or decorated arpeggio.
526:are part of the scene.
266:Jean "Django" Reinhardt
1925:"Gustav Lundgren Trio"
1839:"Hot Club of Valletta"
1743:22 August 2016 at the
1390:Gypsy Rhythm, Volume 1
1366:Natter, Frank (2006).
1105:
1017:
970:Schnuckenack Reinhardt
909:
892:The British guitarist
853:
615:
576:
534:
452:Schnuckenack Reinhardt
375:
367:
242:
4135:World Romani Congress
4053:Politics and advocacy
3878:Anti-Romani sentiment
2094:Paul Balmer, (2003):
2080:Stan Ayeroff (1978):
1646:"Les Petits Nouveaux"
1357:. www.djangobooks.com
1103:
1012:
907:
848:
781:Teaching and learning
599:
574:
532:
373:
361:
237:
3775:Great Gypsy Round-up
3413:Bibliography of jazz
3193:Continental European
2108:Denis Chang (2015):
284:, or alternatively,
45:improve this article
4110:Roma Education Fund
4044:World Roma Festival
4029:Kris (Romani court)
4014:King of the Gypsies
3905:Society and culture
3883:Roma Special School
3832:2006 Ferentari riot
3827:1993 Hădăreni riots
3654:Straight, No Chaser
3443:Straight-ahead jazz
2900:Winter & Winter
2349:French horn in jazz
2054:. Up Front New York
696:melodic minor scale
691:his fretting hand.
258:hot club-style jazz
172:Typical instruments
4163:Gypsy Lore Society
4075:Ketani Association
3982:Bible translations
3805:Szczurowa massacre
3770:Egyptians Act 1554
3765:Egyptians Act 1530
3755:Feudum Acinganorum
3598:West African music
3423:British dance band
3213:European free jazz
3186:British dance band
2679:Musicians by genre
2459:Free improvisation
1935:on 19 October 2016
1905:on 18 October 2016
1849:on 7 December 2015
1707:on 1 December 2019
1681:on 18 October 2016
1577:ottawajazzscene.ca
1571:McGregor, Alayne.
1254:on 5 February 2005
1106:
1018:
1014:Stochelo Rosenberg
916:, Mishra's Dream,
910:
876:, Paulus Schäfer,
874:Stochelo Rosenberg
854:
841:Contemporary forms
790:musical language.
723:plectrum technique
616:
577:
535:
493:Django's own sons
480:Stochelo Rosenberg
420:Stéphane Grappelli
376:
368:
270:Stéphane Grappelli
243:
223:Stéphane Grappelli
193:others on occasion
4231:
4230:
4080:NGO Roma Together
3681:
3680:
3554:New Orleans blues
3401:
3400:
3344:
3343:
2918:Beaches (Toronto)
2329:Swing performance
2223:djangostation.com
2191:978-0-472-03408-6
2177:978-0-19-531192-1
2163:978-1-933108-10-0
2114:. denischang.com.
2104:978-1-84772-576-9
1870:"Gustav Lundgren"
1768:978-1-933108-10-0
1416:978-0-557-14772-4
1392:, Djangobooks.com
1183:on 15 August 2015
1162:978-0-19-531192-1
982:Dotschy Reinhardt
959:Tatiana Eva-Marie
829:, Andreas Öberg,
562:walking basslines
406:, and especially
232:
231:
131:Stylistic origins
121:
120:
113:
95:
4256:
4219:
4218:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3685:
3672:
3671:
3438:Continental jazz
3331:Washington, D.C.
3296:
3198:Czech and Slovak
3056:
2840:India Navigation
2538:Progressive jazz
2392:Avant-garde jazz
2266:
2259:
2252:
2243:
2157:. Speck Press.
2068:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1967:
1961:
1954:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1931:. Archived from
1929:DjangofestNW.com
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1901:. Archived from
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1845:. Archived from
1835:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1754:
1748:
1734:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1703:. Archived from
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1677:. Archived from
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1532:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1471:
1465:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1379:
1364:
1358:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1309:
1299:
1293:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1209:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1179:. Archived from
1173:
1167:
1166:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1077:Muzica bănăţeană
1063:muzica bănăţeană
1047:muzica bănăţeană
1043:muzică bănăţeană
1021:Nordic countries
935:Tchavolo Schmitt
918:The Lost Fingers
868:, Tim Kliphuis,
803:Power Tab Editor
704:diminished scale
673:dominant seventh
661:major 6th chords
657:major 7th chords
614:
613:
612:
610:
543:Mario Maccaferri
524:Samois-sur-Seine
380:Django Reinhardt
364:Django Reinhardt
332:Samois-sur-Seine
316:Second World War
239:Tchavolo Schmitt
219:Django Reinhardt
162:
157:Cultural origins
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
4266:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4207:
4144:
4120:Kalé Dor Kayiko
4048:
3899:
3893:Romani feminism
3873:Romani diaspora
3861:
3731:
3718:
3712:
3682:
3677:
3674:Jazz portal
3666:
3659:
3640:The Jazz Singer
3607:
3586:Novelty ragtime
3517:
3397:
3381:
3360:
3340:
3294:
3261:
3152:
3097:
3052:Regional scenes
3047:
2982:
2904:
2830:Groove Merchant
2820:Flying Dutchman
2768:
2730:
2674:
2596:
2528:Orchestral jazz
2508:Mainstream jazz
2496:Afro-Cuban jazz
2378:
2287:Outline of jazz
2275:
2270:
2230:Wayback Machine
2213:
2077:
2075:Further reading
2072:
2071:
2057:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1955:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1850:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1819:
1817:
1816:on 29 July 2018
1807:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1790:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1769:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1745:Wayback Machine
1735:
1731:
1724:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1530:Wayback Machine
1522:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1504:DjangoBooks.com
1500:"Gypsy Picking"
1498:
1497:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1479:guitar-list.com
1475:"Django's Hand"
1473:
1472:
1468:
1453:
1449:
1439:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1098:
1086:
1039:
1031:Gustav Lundgren
1023:
1007:
994:
986:Romani language
967:
943:Babik Reinhardt
926:
902:
890:
872:, Robin Nolan,
843:
831:Ian Cruickshank
783:
747:Limehouse Blues
739:
727:economy picking
681:
669:minor 6th chord
641:
608:
606:
605:
604:
594:
589:
507:
408:Louis Armstrong
356:
348:French language
340:
264:jazz guitarist
248:(also known as
196:
179:acoustic guitar
152:
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4236:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3984:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3909:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3875:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3741:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3688:
3679:
3678:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3650:
3647:Round Midnight
3643:
3636:
3628:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3377:Latin American
3374:
3368:
3366:
3365:South American
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3306:Baltimore jazz
3302:
3300:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3283:Latin American
3280:
3275:
3269:
3267:
3266:North American
3263:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3178:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3111:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3053:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2635:Percussionists
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2572:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2558:Spiritual jazz
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2280:General topics
2277:
2276:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2233:
2220:
2212:
2211:External links
2209:
2208:
2207:
2205:978-0786668946
2193:
2179:
2165:
2151:
2129:
2127:978-0711918535
2115:
2106:
2098:Bobcat Books.
2092:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2042:
2015:
1988:
1962:
1946:
1916:
1886:
1874:Vintage Guitar
1860:
1830:
1800:
1774:
1767:
1749:
1729:
1718:
1692:
1662:
1636:
1610:
1589:
1563:
1542:
1533:
1516:
1491:
1466:
1463:978-0786633883
1447:
1422:
1415:
1395:
1380:
1359:
1346:
1337:
1327:
1320:
1294:
1265:
1239:
1227:
1220:
1194:
1168:
1161:
1143:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1097:
1094:
1090:Biel Ballester
1085:
1082:
1038:
1035:
1022:
1019:
1006:
1003:
993:
990:
974:Häns'che Weiss
966:
963:
947:John Jorgenson
939:Angelo Debarre
937:, Jon Larsen,
931:Dorado Schmitt
925:
922:
901:
898:
889:
886:
878:Joscho Stephan
870:Biréli Lagrène
866:John Jorgenson
858:Angelo Debarre
842:
839:
811:John Jorgenson
782:
779:
738:
735:
680:
677:
640:
637:
593:
590:
588:
585:
554:rhythm section
506:
503:
472:Biréli Lagrène
460:Häns'che Weiss
396:Duke Ellington
355:
352:
339:
336:
230:
229:
203:
202:
198:
197:
195:
194:
191:
186:
181:
175:
173:
169:
168:
158:
154:
153:
151:
150:
145:
140:
134:
132:
128:
127:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4262:
4261:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4224:
4223:
4214:
4213:
4210:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4090:Voice of Roma
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3780:Gypsy Scourge
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3716:
3709:
3704:
3702:
3697:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3603:Western swing
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3520:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3404:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3326:New York City
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3250:Flamenco jazz
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3076:South African
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:Discographies
2771:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2660:Vibraphonists
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2580:Swing revival
2578:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:Flamenco jazz
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2374:Women in jazz
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2359:Jazz trombone
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2339:Jazz drumming
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2307:Improvisation
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2141:0-872639-06-2
2138:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:0-8256-4083-0
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2066:
2053:
2046:
2043:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1989:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1861:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1815:
1811:
1804:
1801:
1789:
1785:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1760:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1719:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1637:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1611:
1599:
1598:"Gypsophilia"
1593:
1590:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1564:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1505:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1448:
1436:
1435:oreshko.co.uk
1432:
1426:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1399:
1396:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1376:9780739038512
1373:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:Denis Chang:
1350:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1321:0-19-516752-X
1317:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1221:0-19-516752-X
1217:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1198:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1154:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1120:Frank Vignola
1116:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1096:United States
1095:
1093:
1091:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1027:Andreas Öberg
1020:
1015:
1011:
1004:
1002:
1000:
991:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
964:
962:
960:
956:
955:Cyrille Aimée
952:
951:Rocky Gresset
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
923:
921:
919:
915:
906:
899:
897:
895:
887:
885:
883:
882:Frank Vignola
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
851:
850:Fapy Lafertin
847:
840:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
819:Frank Vignola
816:
815:Andreas Öberg
812:
808:
807:Band-in-a-Box
804:
799:
797:
793:
788:
780:
778:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
736:
734:
732:
728:
724:
719:
716:
712:
707:
705:
701:
697:
692:
688:
686:
678:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
638:
636:
634:
629:
625:
621:
611:
602:
598:
591:
586:
584:
582:
573:
569:
567:
563:
559:
558:accompaniment
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
531:
527:
525:
521:
517:
512:
504:
502:
500:
496:
490:
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:Fapy Lafertin
453:
447:
445:
441:
437:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
412:Émile Savitry
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
372:
365:
360:
353:
351:
349:
345:
337:
335:
333:
329:
325:
324:rock and roll
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
302:
301:Matelo Ferret
298:
294:
289:
287:
286:manouche jazz
283:
282:jazz manouche
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
254:jazz manouche
251:
247:
240:
236:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:Romani people
204:
199:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
174:
170:
166:
159:
155:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
135:
133:
129:
124:
115:
112:
104:
101:November 2023
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
4220:
4130:Romani CRISS
4085:Opera Nomadi
3944:
3665:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3634:(miniseries)
3631:
3623:
3593:Sophisti-pop
3023:
3014:Jazz royalty
3004:Jazz funeral
2800:Contemporary
2691:Chamber jazz
2645:Saxophonists
2615:Clarinetists
2587:Third stream
2470:
2424:Chamber jazz
2324:Scat singing
2196:
2182:
2168:
2154:
2132:
2118:
2110:
2095:
2081:
2063:
2056:. Retrieved
2045:
2033:. Retrieved
2031:(in Spanish)
2028:
2018:
2006:. Retrieved
2004:(in Spanish)
2001:
1991:
1979:. Retrieved
1974:
1965:
1957:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:the original
1928:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1903:the original
1898:
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1873:
1863:
1851:. Retrieved
1847:the original
1842:
1833:
1825:
1818:. Retrieved
1814:the original
1803:
1791:. Retrieved
1787:
1777:
1758:
1752:
1732:
1721:
1709:. Retrieved
1705:the original
1695:
1683:. Retrieved
1679:the original
1674:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1649:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1623:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:
1566:
1554:. Retrieved
1545:
1536:
1519:
1507:. Retrieved
1503:
1494:
1482:. Retrieved
1478:
1469:
1454:
1450:
1438:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1405:
1398:
1389:
1383:
1367:
1362:
1349:
1340:
1330:
1305:
1297:
1285:
1281:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1252:the original
1242:
1230:
1205:
1197:
1185:. Retrieved
1181:the original
1171:
1152:
1146:
1134:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1087:
1076:
1075:
1062:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1024:
995:
968:
927:
911:
891:
862:Pearl Django
855:
827:Tim Kliphuis
800:
784:
740:
720:
708:
693:
689:
682:
653:minor chords
645:barre chords
642:
619:
617:
600:
578:
547:
536:
520:jam sessions
508:
491:
484:
468:Raphaël Faÿs
464:Boulou Ferré
448:
438:. His sons,
432:
377:
362:An image of
344:jazz tsigane
343:
341:
311:
309:
290:
285:
281:
257:
253:
249:
245:
244:
201:Other topics
143:Romani music
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
60:"Gypsy jazz"
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
4249:Jazz genres
3576:Quiet storm
3539:Contradanza
3321:New Orleans
3316:Kansas City
3119:Jazz mugham
3114:Azerbaijani
3038:Second line
3033:Rare groove
3019:Jazz theory
3009:Jazz poetry
2994:Contrafacts
2978:Saint Lucia
2958:New Orleans
2890:Strata-East
2865:MPS Records
2795:Cobblestone
2716:Smooth jazz
2706:Jazz fusion
2650:Trombonists
2563:Sacred jazz
2548:Smooth jazz
2481:Jazz fusion
2364:Jazz violin
2344:Jazz guitar
2319:Jam session
2292:Jazz (word)
2002:elperiodico
1975:Ultima Hora
1853:26 November
1711:22 November
1618:CBC Music.
1187:19 February
1005:Netherlands
980:guitarist.
978:modern jazz
914:Gypsophilia
894:Hank Marvin
823:George Cole
796:lead sheets
794:containing
771:Minor Swing
755:Bal Musette
731:alternately
700:Dorian mode
550:double bass
476:Wawau Adler
338:Terminology
250:gypsy swing
189:double bass
148:Bal-musette
16:Music genre
4244:Gypsy jazz
4238:Categories
4173:Roma Route
3999:In fiction
3977:Literature
3866:Population
3857:Romanistan
3822:Mława riot
3561:Brass band
3549:Jump blues
3393:Ethno jazz
3356:Australian
3336:West Coast
3093:Zimbabwean
2933:Copenhagen
2855:Mainstream
2665:Violinists
2655:Trumpeters
2625:Guitarists
2533:Organ trio
2518:Modal jazz
2491:Latin jazz
2471:Gypsy jazz
2369:Vocal jazz
2354:Jazz piano
2035:29 January
2008:29 January
1981:29 January
1939:14 October
1909:14 October
1899:www.mcv.se
1879:14 October
1793:19 January
1788:SFGate.com
1685:14 October
1655:14 October
1629:19 January
1603:19 January
1582:9 November
1509:19 January
1484:19 January
1440:19 January
1126:References
792:Fake books
737:Repertoire
685:ornamented
665:6/9 chords
633:grace note
624:boom-chick
587:Techniques
560:, playing
487:Diz Disley
424:Louis Vola
404:Eddie Lang
400:Joe Venuti
246:Gypsy jazz
126:Gypsy jazz
71:newspapers
3918:Alphabets
3529:Acid jazz
3386:Worldwide
3372:Brazilian
3169:Bulgarian
3131:Indo jazz
3081:Cape jazz
2968:North Sea
2923:Cape Town
2910:Festivals
2885:Riverside
2860:Milestone
2785:Blue Note
2780:Bethlehem
2764:post-1950
2736:Standards
2721:Soul jazz
2670:Vocalists
2630:Organists
2602:Musicians
2592:Trad jazz
2553:Soul jazz
2476:Jazz-funk
2464:Punk jazz
2454:Free funk
2449:Free jazz
2444:Folk jazz
2434:Dixieland
2429:Cool jazz
2419:Cape jazz
2334:Jazz bass
2297:Jazz band
2029:La Región
1624:CBC Music
1370:, p.126.
888:Australia
767:Dark Eyes
743:standards
711:glissando
581:cymbaloms
566:slap bass
392:Dixieland
312:Quintette
4222:Category
4034:Rom baro
3962:Folklore
3913:Language
3790:Porajmos
3745:Timeline
3534:Afrobeat
3448:Pre-1920
3433:Jazz Age
3349:Oceanian
3299:American
3273:Canadian
3157:European
3148:Japanese
3109:Armenian
3071:Malawian
3066:Ethiopia
2953:Montreux
2948:Montreal
2943:Monterey
2880:Prestige
2850:Landmark
2835:Impulse!
2815:ESP-Disk
2744:Pre-1920
2701:Hard bop
2640:Pianists
2620:Drummers
2610:Bassists
2543:Ska jazz
2486:Jazz rap
2412:Post-bop
2402:Hard bop
2302:Big band
2226:Archived
2149:32394702
1843:Basement
1741:Archived
1556:26 April
1526:Archived
1274:Manouche
1258:2 August
1055:textures
1051:eclectic
999:Valletta
763:Swing 42
628:swinging
620:la pompe
601:La Pompe
278:Manouche
211:Manouche
167:, France
4150:Studies
3972:Cuisine
3940:Hip hop
3737:History
3581:Ragtime
3566:Exotica
3522:Related
3428:Ragtime
3406:History
3311:Chicago
3278:Haitian
3257:Swedish
3245:Spanish
3228:Italian
3181:British
3176:Belgian
3143:Iranian
3059:African
2987:Culture
2963:Newport
2938:Jakarta
2928:Chicago
2825:Freedom
2523:Nu jazz
2407:Neo-bop
2058:28 July
1820:28 July
1037:Romania
965:Germany
761:" and "
749:" and "
639:Harmony
495:Lousson
440:Lousson
388:ragtime
384:musette
354:History
346:in the
85:scholar
4039:Ursari
4019:Marime
3930:Anthem
3785:Dazdie
3717:topics
3715:Romani
3233:Polish
3223:German
3218:French
3203:Danish
3164:Balkan
3126:Indian
3086:Marabi
3043:Venues
2570:Stride
2513:Marabi
2503:M-Base
2384:Genres
2203:
2189:
2175:
2161:
2147:
2139:
2125:
2102:
2088:
1765:
1461:
1413:
1374:
1318:
1290:Ferret
1286:Gitano
1218:
1159:
924:France
900:Canada
880:, and
775:rubato
759:Nuages
702:, and
671:for a
663:, and
592:Rhythm
539:Selmer
416:Toulon
299:, and
297:Sarane
262:Romani
184:violin
163:1934,
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
4024:Gadjo
3994:Media
3987:Poets
3967:Dress
3957:Dance
3935:Music
3612:Media
3571:Plugg
3544:Blues
3498:2010s
3493:2000s
3488:1990s
3483:1980s
3478:1970s
3473:1960s
3468:1950s
3463:1940s
3458:1930s
3453:1920s
3418:Blues
3288:Cuban
3208:Dutch
3136:Sitar
3102:Asian
2895:Verve
2759:1940s
2754:1930s
2749:1920s
2726:Swing
2686:Bebop
2575:Swing
2397:Bebop
2065:Jones
1314:–54.
1282:Weiss
1278:Sinti
1214:–63.
1084:Spain
1071:twist
1067:manea
1059:sârbă
992:Malta
751:Dinah
649:major
499:Babik
444:Babik
436:bebop
320:bebop
215:Sinti
165:Paris
92:JSTOR
78:books
3950:Punk
3945:Jazz
3925:Flag
3632:Jazz
3625:Bird
3513:2022
3508:2021
3503:2020
3238:Yass
2973:Pori
2875:Muse
2711:Scat
2312:Jazz
2273:Jazz
2201:ISBN
2187:ISBN
2173:ISBN
2159:ISBN
2145:OCLC
2137:ISBN
2123:ISBN
2100:ISBN
2086:ISBN
2060:2018
2037:2019
2010:2019
1983:2019
1941:2016
1911:2016
1881:2016
1855:2015
1822:2018
1795:2016
1763:ISBN
1713:2019
1687:2016
1657:2016
1631:2016
1605:2016
1584:2018
1558:2019
1511:2016
1486:2016
1459:ISBN
1442:2016
1411:ISBN
1372:ISBN
1316:ISBN
1260:2023
1216:ISBN
1189:2016
1157:ISBN
1029:and
821:and
805:and
721:The
679:Lead
651:and
609:Play
556:and
548:The
509:The
497:and
478:and
442:and
402:and
390:and
293:Baro
138:Jazz
64:news
2870:MPS
2845:JMT
2810:ECM
2805:CTI
2790:BYG
753:";
414:in
256:or
47:by
4240::
2143:,
2062:.
2027:.
2000:.
1973:.
1949:^
1927:.
1897:.
1872:.
1841:.
1824:.
1786:.
1673:.
1648:.
1622:.
1575:.
1502:.
1477:.
1433:.
1312:51
1212:60
945:,
941:,
933:,
884:.
864:,
860:,
837:.
817:,
813:,
706:.
698:,
659:,
603:.
474:,
470:,
466:,
462:,
458:,
430:.
398:,
307:.
295:,
252:,
225:-
221:–
217:-
213:-
209:-
161:c.
3707:e
3700:t
3693:v
2265:e
2258:t
2251:v
2039:.
2012:.
1985:.
1943:.
1913:.
1883:.
1857:.
1797:.
1771:.
1715:.
1689:.
1659:.
1633:.
1607:.
1586:.
1560:.
1513:.
1488:.
1444:.
1419:.
1378:.
1324:.
1262:.
1224:.
1191:.
1165:.
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
