393:. In December 2016, the Director of the U.S. Air Force's Global Positioning Systems Directorate announced the first satellite would launch in the spring of 2018. In March 2017, the U.S. General Accounting Office stated "Technical issues with both the GPS III satellite and the OCX Block 0 launch control and checkout system have combined to place the planned March 2018 launch date for the first GPS III satellite at risk". The delays were caused by a number of factors, primarily due to issues found in the navigation payload. Further launch date slippages were caused by the need for additional testing and validation of a
880:
Force started transmitting CNAV uploads on a daily basis. The L2C signal will be considered fully operational after it is being broadcast by at least 24 space vehicles, currently projected to happen in 2023. As of
October 2017, L2C was being broadcast from 19 satellites; by June 2022 there were 24 satellites broadcasting this signal. The L2C signal is tasked with providing improved accuracy of navigation, providing an easy-to-track signal, and acting as a redundant signal in case of localized interference.
876:(C/A) signal. Ultimately, this became known as the L2C signal because it is broadcast on the L2 frequency (1227.6 MHz). It can be transmitted by all block IIR-M and later design satellites. The original plan stated that until the new OCX (Block 1) system is in place, the signal would consist of a default message ("Type 0") that contains no navigational data. OCX Block 1 with the L2C navigation data was scheduled to enter service in February 2016, but has been delayed until 2022 or later.
1409:
40:
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The new signal is shaped to place most of its energy at the edges (away from the existing P(Y) and C/A carriers). Unlike the P(Y) code, the M-code is designed to be autonomous, meaning that users can calculate their positions using only the M-code signal. P(Y) code receivers must typically first lock onto the C/A code and then transfer to lock onto the P(Y)-code.
1134:
kilometers in diameter. Originally, this proposal was considered as a retrofit to the planned Block IIF satellites. Upon closer inspection, program managers realized that the addition of a large deployable antenna, combined with the changes that would be needed in the operational control segment, presented too great a challenge for the existing system design.
975:, is intended to be aimed at a specific region (i.e., several hundred kilometers in diameter) and increase the local signal strength by 20 dB (10× voltage field strength, 100× power). A side effect of having two antennas is that, for receivers inside the spot beam, the GPS satellite will appear as two GPS signals occupying the same position.
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GPS III Contingency
Operations ("COps") is an update to the GPS Operational Control Segment, allowing OCS to provide Block IIF Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) features from GPS III satellites. The Contingency Operations effort enables GPS III satellites to participate in the GPS constellation,
1216:
breach. Factors leading to the breach include "inadequate systems engineering at program inception", and "the complexity of cybersecurity requirements on OCX". In
October 2016, the Department of Defense formally certified the program, a necessary step to allow development to continue after a critical
978:
While the full-Earth M-code signal is available on the Block IIR-M satellites, the spot beam antennas will not be available until the Block III satellites are deployed. Like the other new GPS signals, M-code is dependent on OCX — specifically Block 2 — which was scheduled to enter service in
October
961:
A major component of the modernization process, a new military signal called M-code was designed to further improve the anti-jamming and secure access of the military GPS signals. The M-code is transmitted in the same L1 and L2 frequencies already in use by the previous military code, the P(Y) code.
1042:
As a result of schedule delays to the GPS III control segment, the L5 signal was decoupled from the OCX deployment schedule. All satellites capable of transmitting the L5 signal (all GPS satellites launched since May 2010) began broadcasting pre-operational civil navigation (CNAV) messages in April
1190:
The GPS Operational
Control Segment (OCS), consisting of a worldwide network of satellite operations centers, ground antennas and monitoring stations, provides Command and Control (C2) capabilities for GPS Block II satellites. The latest update to the GPS OCS, Architectural Evolution Plan 7.5, was
1268:
OCX Block 2 upgrades OCX with the advanced M-code features for military users and the ability to monitor performance of the civilian signals. In March 2017, the contractor rephased its OCX delivery schedule so that Block 2 will now be delivered to the Air Force concurrently with Block 1. In July
879:
As a result of OCX delays, the L2C signal was decoupled from the OCX deployment schedule. All satellites capable of transmitting the L2C signal (all GPS satellites launched since 2005) began broadcasting pre-operational civil navigation (CNAV) messages in April 2014, and in
December 2014 the Air
1133:
confirmed that the most efficient means to generate the high-power M-code signal would entail a departure from full-Earth coverage, characteristic of all the user downlink signals up until that point. Instead, a high-gain antenna would be used to produce a directional spot beam several hundred
381:, was awarded a US$ 82.7 million firm-fixed-price contract for launch services to deliver a GPS III satellite to its intended orbit. The contract included launch vehicle production, mission integration, and launch operations for a GPS III mission, to be performed in Hawthorne, California;
1203:
announced plans to develop a modern control segment, a critical part of the GPS modernization initiative. OCS will continue to serve as the ground control system of record until the new system, Next
Generation GPS Operational Control System (OCX), is fully developed and functional.
891:). Advances in technology for both the GPS satellites and the GPS receivers have made ionospheric delay the largest source of error in the C/A signal. A receiver capable of performing this measurement is referred to as a dual frequency receiver. Its technical characteristics are:
1081:
L1C broadcasting will start when GPS III Control
Segment (OCX) Block 1 becomes operational, currently scheduled for 2022. The L1C signal will reach full operational status when being broadcast from at least 24 GPS Block III satellites, currently projected for the late 2020s.
326:(GPS) reached Full Operational Capability on 17 July 1995, completing its original design goals. Advances in technology and new demands on the existing system led to the effort to modernize the GPS system. In 2000, the U.S. Congress authorized the effort, referred to as
1220:
In July 2021, all OCX monitor station installations had been completed. OCX monitoring stations are expected to transition to operations in "early 2023," and the U.S. Space Force hopes to complete operational acceptance for all of OCX in 2027.
1043:
2014, and in
December 2014 the Air Force started transmitting CNAV uploads on a daily basis. The L5 signal will be considered fully operational once at least 24 space vehicles are broadcasting the signal, currently projected to happen in 2027.
1259:
Block 1 completed the final iteration of
Critical Design Review (CDR) in September 2018. Software development on Block 1 is scheduled to complete in 2019, after which the Block 1 software will undergo 2.5 years of system testing.
2009:
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2317:
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GPS III SV-01 sits in Lockheed Martin's GPS III Processing facility after its successful core mate. SMC’s eighth next-generation GPS III satellite completed core mating on April 15 and was named after NASA trailblazer Katherine
1211:
In June 2016, the U.S. Air Force formally notified Congress the OCX program's projected program costs had risen above US$ 4.25 billion, thus exceeding baseline cost estimates of US$ 3.4 billion by 25%, also known as a critical
1207:
OCX features are being delivered to the United States Air Force in three separate phases, known as "blocks". The OCX blocks are numbered zero through two. With each block delivered, OCX gains additional functionality.
1253:(IOC). Once Block 1 is deployed, OCX will for the first time be able to command and control both Block II and Block III GPS satellites, as well as support the ability to begin broadcasting the civilian L1C signal.
407:
On 21 September 2016, the U.S. Air Force exercised a US$ 395 million contract option with Lockheed Martin for the ninth and tenth Block III space vehicles, expected to be available for launch by 2022.
333:
The project involves new ground stations and new satellites, with additional navigation signals for both civilian and military users, and aims to improve the accuracy and availability for all users.
342:
The first satellite in the series was projected to launch in 2014, but significant delays pushed the launch to December 2018. The tenth and final GPS Block III launch is projected in FY2026.
2017:
314:
designed, developed and manufactured the GPS III Non-Flight Satellite Testbed (GNST) and all ten Block III satellites. The first satellite in the series was launched in December 2018.
1894:
1465:
3352:
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WRC-2000 added space signal component to this aeronautical band so the aviation community can manage interference to L5 more effectively than L2. It is defined in IS-GPS-705.
2394:
1616:
370:
from lightweight, high-strength composite materials. Each satellite will carry eight deployable JIB antennas designed and manufactured by Northrop Grumman Astro Aerospace
3484:
3528:
1292:
The United States Space Force awarded the US$ 96 million Contingency Operations contract in February 2016. Contingency Ops was operationally accepted by in April 2020.
1269:
2017, an additional nine months delay to the schedule was announced. According to the July 2017 program schedule, OCX will be delivered to the Air Force in April 2022.
3587:
3506:
872:
One of the first announcements was the addition of a new civilian-use signal to be transmitted on a frequency other than the L1 frequency used for the existing GPS
2040:
1229:
OCX Block 0 provides the minimum subset of full OCX capabilities necessary to support launch and early on-orbit spacecraft bus checkout on GPS III space vehicles.
1277:
OCX Block 3F upgrades OCX with the ability to do Launch & Checkout for Block IIIF satellites. Block IIIF satellites are expected to start launching in 2026.
887:
error for that satellite. Without such a measurement, a GPS receiver must use a generic model or receive ionospheric corrections from another source (such as a
3654:
883:
The immediate effect of having two civilian frequencies being transmitted from one satellite is the ability to directly measure, and therefore remove, the
3599:
Barker, Capt. Brian C.; Betz, John W.; Clark, John E.; Correia, Jeffrey T.; Gillis, James T.; Lazar, Steven; Rehborn, Lt. Kaysi A.; Straton, III, John R.
2305:
Lockheed Martin's sixth, seventh and eighth GPS III satellites are already complete, "Available for Launch" and just waiting for launch date arrangements.
1876:
1078:
L1C is a civilian-use signal, to be broadcast on the same L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz) that contains the C/A signal used by all current GPS users.
2991:
2084:
3752:
3173:
2062:
1656:
4529:
1142:. This allows tracking the orbits of the satellites independent of the radio signals, which allows satellite clock errors to be disentangled from
979:
2016, but which has been delayed until 2022, and that initial date did not reflect the two year first satellite launch delay expected by the GAO.
1742:
1238:
The U.S. Air Force accepted the delivery of OCX Block 0 in November 2017, and is used it to prepare for the first GPS launch in December 2018.
843:
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which ultimately launched the satellite on 23 December 2018. On 22 August 2019, the second GPS III satellite was launched aboard a
3085:
1256:
In November 2016, the GAO reported that OCX Block 1 had become the primary cause for delay in activating the GPS III PNT mission.
989:
382:
3556:
2289:
2099:
1151:
1683:"Global Positioning System: Better Planning and Coordination Needed to Improve Prospects for Fielding Modernized Capability"
3591:
3254:
1442:
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albeit in a limited fashion, without having to wait until OCX Block 1 becomes operational (currently scheduled for 2022).
1032:
943:
L2C signal characteristics provide 2.7 dB greater data recovery and 0.7 dB greater carrier tracking than L1 C/A.
3745:
1250:
146:
1280:
The OCX Block 3F contract, valued at $ 228 million, was awarded to Raytheon Intelligence and Space on April 30, 2021.
3239:
1880:
1766:
1002:
It uses a new MNAV navigational message, which is packetized instead of framed, allowing for flexible data payloads.
3661:
1100:
437:
2488:
986:
Satellites will transmit two distinct signals from two antennas: one for whole Earth coverage, one in a spot beam.
3762:
3399:
2755:
2725:
2648:
1130:
323:
307:
77:
930:
3314:"GPS Status and Modernization Progress: Service, Satellites, Control Segment, and Military GPS User Equipment"
3430:
1782:
415:
6 of 10 GPS Block III satellites have been launched. 6 are currently operational, with 0 undergoing testing.
3738:
1232:
Block 0 completed two cybersecurity testing events in April and May 2018 with no new vulnerabilities found.
1200:
1158:
3774:
2781:
1437:
156:
3645:
3575:
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1005:
There are four effective data channels; different data can be sent on each frequency and on each antenna.
3151:
2522:
2325:
1852:"Military Communications & Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Overview & GPS Enterprise Update"
1009:
965:
In a major departure from previous GPS designs, the M-code is intended to be broadcast from a high-gain
378:
360:
112:
1912:
1805:
3461:
3384:
3282:
3006:
2969:. National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing. 24 September 2013.
1031:
Safety of Life is a civilian-use signal, broadcast on the L5 frequency (1176.45 MHz). In 2009, a
3765:
2587:. National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing. 26 September 2013
2555:. National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing. 23 September 2016
1851:
1432:
1174:
303:
87:
1241:
As of May 2022, OCX Block 0 has successfully supported the launch and checkout of GPS III SV 01–05.
1039:, the first GPS block IIF satellite, continuously broadcast the L5 signal starting on 28 June 2010.
3618:
2872:
2675:
966:
339:
was awarded the Next Generation GPS Operational Control System (OCX) contract on 25 February 2010.
3600:
1498:"Sixth GPS III Satellite Built By Lockheed Martin Launches As Part Of Constellation Modernization"
373:
Already delayed significantly beyond the first satellite's planned 2014 launch, on 27 April 2016,
4489:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4447:
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4426:
4419:
4412:
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4398:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
2931:
2552:
2466:"GPS MODERNIZATION: Space Force Should Reassess Requirements for Satellites and Handheld Devices"
1617:"U.S. Air Force Awards Lockheed Martin Contracts to Begin Work on Next Set of GPS III Satellites"
1414:
159:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
2836:
3730:
1948:
1089:
Assured of 1.5 dB increase in minimum C/A code power to mitigate any noise floor increase.
969:, in addition to a wide angle (full Earth) antenna. The directional antenna's signal, termed a
3831:
2259:
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2147:
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888:
884:
3687:
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3058:
834:
677:
637:
597:
557:
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4017:
3909:
3851:
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Space Force is projected to launch the 27th M-code capable GPS satellite in February 2025.
2234:
2209:
1046:
As of 3 July 2023, L5 is being broadcast from 18 satellites, up from 12 in February 2020.
390:
311:
57:
3713:
1235:
In June 2018, Block 0 had its third successful integrated launch rehearsal with GPS III.
3628:
3086:"NASA Search and Rescue Mission Office : Distress Alerting Satellite System (DASS)"
2440:
2041:"Air Force requirements will keep SpaceX from landing Falcon 9 booster after GPS launch"
4333:
3089:
1422:
1154:, and was included as an experiment on two older GPS satellites (satellites 35 and 36).
1139:
797:
794:
757:
754:
717:
714:
282:
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3724:
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2977:
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2891:
2855:
2818:
2711:
2603:
2571:
2196:
2165:
2010:"US Air Force 'not happy' with delays on Lockheed GPS satellite - the Economic Times"
1996:
1923:
1831:
1729:
1704:
1447:- New Japanese designed and launched satellites designed to enhance GPS within Japan.
1170:
363:
277:
107:
67:
3570:
2963:
2904:
2697:
1898:
898:
CM (for Civilian Moderate length code) is 10,230 bits in length, repeating every 20
2373:
1213:
1093:
1053:
Higher transmission power than L1 or L2C signal (~3 dB, or twice as powerful).
1019:
1381:
OCS no longer used, L1C transmissions begin, full GPS III functionality achieved.
1122:
L1 and L2: −157 dBW for the C/A code signal and −160 dBW for the P(Y) code signal.
946:
The L2C signals' transmission power is 2.3 dB weaker than the L1 C/A signal.
17:
2419:
1548:
1427:
1249:
OCX Block 1 is an upgrade to OCX Block 0, at which time the OCX system achieves
917:
906:
899:
873:
862:
3483:
U.S. Space Force Space and Missile Systems Center Public Affairs (3 May 2021).
3400:"GAO: New GPS Ground System, Not GPS III Engineering, Primary Cause for Delays"
2649:"GAO: New GPS Ground System, Not GPS III Engineering, Primary Cause for Delays"
2465:
3529:"Next Generation Operational Control System (OCX) Selected Acquisition Report"
3353:"Air Force accepts delivery of GPS Next Generation Operational Control System"
2584:
1718:
1592:
1523:
1404:
1015:
The spot beam is ~20 dB more powerful than the whole Earth coverage beam.
949:
In a single frequency application, L2C has 65% more ionospheric error than L1.
4025:
3820:
2085:"The last single-stick Delta rocket launched Thursday, and it put on a show"
1974:
1682:
1394:
Block II & Block III (complete), Block IIIF (Launch and Checkout only)
1143:
971:
926:
39:
2803:
3204:
2348:
1767:"U.S. Air Force Awards Lockheed Martin GPS III Flight Operations Contract"
905:
CL (for Civilian Long length code) is 767,250 bits, repeating every 1,500
3826:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
516:
401:
397:
336:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3407:
2759:
2729:
2652:
2395:"Space Systems Command Issues Launch Task Orders for FY22 NSS Missions"
2100:"Lockheed Martin to build two more GPS 3 satellites for U.S. Air Force"
1147:
1036:
937:
661:
621:
581:
541:
500:
460:
386:
2318:"Sixth GPS III satellite safely arrives in Florida for January launch"
1086:
Implementation will provide C/A code to ensure backward compatibility.
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3841:
394:
374:
3586:
Cheung, Wai; Stansell, Tom; Fontana, Richard D. (1 September 2001).
3434:
1264:
OCX Block 2 (military GPS III features, civilian signal monitoring)
1059:
Longer spreading codes (10 times longer than used on the C/A code).
366:
structure. The propellant and pressurant tanks are manufactured by
350:
3836:
3507:"Weapons Tester Warns of Risk to Air Force's GPS Contingency Plan"
3319:. US Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center. 26 September 2018
996:
913:
349:
3723:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3700:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3674:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3431:"OCX Passes Deep Dive Review; GAO Says Program Risk Remains High"
3370:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3334:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3225:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3187:
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3131:
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3099:
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3071:
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3044:
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2976:
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2949:
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2917:
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2890:
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2570:
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2195:
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2164:
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940:
greater correlation protection (~250 times stronger) than L1 C/A.
2063:"SpaceX Caps Record 2018 With Launch of Air Force GPS Satellite"
1162:
3734:
3613:
Capozza, Paul T.; Betz, John W.; Fite, John D. (1 April 2005).
3355:. U.S. Air Force Space Command, Space and Missile System Center
2804:"Defense Acquisitions: Assessments of Selected Weapon Programs"
2869:"DOD Announces Start of Civil Navigation Message Broadcasting"
1895:"Northrop Grumman Corporation: News and Events - News Release"
3240:"Air Force declares Nunn-McCurdy breach on GPS ground system"
2585:"Control Segment: Next Generation Operational Control System"
2123:"SpaceX closes out year with successful GPS satellite launch"
1571:"SpaceX closes out year with successful GPS satellite launch"
936:
The long, non-data CL sequence provides for approximately 24
3485:"OCX 3F Contract Awarded to Raytheon Intelligence and Space"
3385:"Directions 2022: GPS positioned for the future - GPS World"
3346:
3344:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
2871:. U.S. Department of Defense. 25 April 2014. Archived from
2446:. U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command. 12 September 2023
2749:
2747:
2626:. Stanford 2012 PNT Challenges and Opportunities Symposium
2515:"GPS III Space Vehicle 09 declared "Available for Launch""
1857:. U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command. 16 November 2022
1688:. US Government Accountability Office (GAO). December 2017
1138:
NASA has requested that Block III satellites carry laser
1035:
satellite sent the initial L5 signal test transmissions.
1022:
for whole Earth antenna, –138 dBW for spot beam antennas.
44:
Artist's impression of a GPS Block III satellite in orbit
2726:"More Than Money Worries: OCX and the New Civil Signals"
2643:
2641:
2810:. U.S. Government Accountability Office. 28 March 2013.
2756:"OCX Delayed Again as Development Jumps to $ 6 Billion"
2489:"SpaceX launches GPS satellite to provide PNT services"
1783:"GPS III satellite delivery slips because of capacitor"
912:
Each signal is transmitted at 511,500 bits per second (
3308:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3255:"Raytheon's OCX Offering Survives Nunn-McCurdy Breach"
1056:
Wider bandwidth, yielding a 10-times processing gain.
1777:
1775:
4332:
4261:
4188:
4135:
4016:
3908:
3850:
3781:
3059:"Slides from ILRS Meeting on Retroreflector Arrays"
2483:
2481:
1066:
band, a frequency band that is available worldwide.
1050:
Improves signal structure for enhanced performance.
933:, whereas CL contains no additional modulated data.
259:
254:
238:
230:
222:
214:
206:
198:
190:
185:
165:
152:
142:
134:
126:
118:
106:
101:
83:
73:
63:
53:
3660:. Space and Missile Systems Center. Archived from
3406:. Gibbons Media & Research LLC. Archived from
3276:
3274:
3272:
3145:
3143:
3141:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
3462:"Counting 0, 1, 2, 3F: The Long Hello of GPS OCX"
1877:"Lockheed Orders GPS 3A Satellite Buses from ATK"
1743:"Raytheon Awarded $ 886 Million GPS OCX Contract"
1627:
1625:
1273:OCX Block 3F (launch and checkout for Block IIIF)
1195:Next-Generation operational control segment (OCX)
3456:
3454:
3452:
3283:"Directions 2022: GPS positioned for the future"
2964:"Interface Specification IS-GPS-800, Revision D"
2905:"Interface Specification IS-GPS-705, Revision A"
2698:"Interface Specification IS-GPS-200, Revision E"
1619:(Press release) Lockheed Martin 25 February 2013
2651:. Inside GNSS. 30 November 2016. Archived from
2614:
2612:
1657:"SMC Releases Draft RFP for Five EELV Launches"
1225:OCX Block 0 (launch and checkout for Block III)
1115:Increased signal power at the Earth's surface:
3199:
3197:
3152:"Directions 2020: Delivering GPS Capabilities"
3746:
3712:. U.S. Department of Commerce. Archived from
3351:SMC Public Affairs Office (2 November 2017).
2910:. Coast Guard Navigation Center. 8 June 2010.
2703:. Coast Guard Navigation Center. 8 June 2010.
2676:"L2C and Next-Generation Smart PNT Receivers"
8:
2290:"Fifth GPS III Satellite Takes to the Skies"
1099:Enables greater civil interoperability with
32:
3653:Ballenger, Col. Allan (26 September 2006).
3637:"GPS III Operational Control Segment (OCX)"
1949:"Directions 2017: GPS navigates the future"
359:Block III satellites use Lockheed Martin's
3753:
3739:
3731:
3534:. U.S. Department of Defense. 8 April 2022
2932:"Civil Signals - Fourth Civil Signal: L1C"
1980:. US General Accounting Office. March 2017
1769:(Press release) Lockheed Martin 2012-05-31
3682:Wilt, Lt. Col. John (10 September 2001).
3150:Colonel John Claxton (12 December 2019).
2831:
2829:
2827:
1975:"Assessments of Selected Weapon Programs"
1634:"Directions 2018: The GPS year in review"
895:L2C contains two distinct PRN sequences:
306:, which will be used to keep the Navstar
2837:"Civil Signals - Third Civil Signal: L5"
2782:"Future GPS: The USA's GPS-III Programs"
2724:Divis, Dee Ann (January–February 2013).
2553:"New Civil Signals: Second Civil Signal"
1299:
929:with a 25 bit/s navigation message with
417:
4502:Italics indicate future missions. Signs
3032:"ILRS Meeting on Retroreflector Arrays"
2992:"Modernization and the Move to GPS III"
1721:. U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
1457:
1245:OCX Block 1 (civilian GPS III features)
1018:M-code signal at Earth's surface: –158
2547:
2545:
2543:
2541:
1806:"GPS Status and Modernization Program"
1320:Satellites Delivering Navigation Data
31:
2784:. Defense Industry Daily. 14 May 2014
2284:
2282:
2280:
1762:
1760:
1173:) payload to the second increment of
1092:Non-data signal component contains a
1064:Aeronautical Radionavigation Services
7:
3639:. GlobalSecurity.org. 17 April 2008.
3631:. GlobalSecurity.org. 17 April 2008.
3253:Insinna, Valerie (17 October 2016).
3174:"GPS Advanced Control Segment (OCX)"
1717:U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center.
1655:Brissett, Wilson (7 November 2017).
1146:errors. This, a standard feature of
27:Current generation of GPS satellites
3708:Office of Space Commercialization.
3646:"Government turns up volume on GPS"
3601:"Overview of the GPS M Code Signal"
3398:Divis, Dee Ann (30 November 2016).
2121:Clark, Stephen (23 December 2018).
2039:Clark, Stephen (17 December 2018).
1947:Whitney, Steven (2 December 2016).
1804:Gleckel, Gerry (15 November 2017).
1632:Whitney, Steven (1 December 2017).
1569:Clark, Stephen (23 December 2018).
889:Satellite Based Augmentation System
3116:. U.S. Air Force. 27 November 2012
2619:Kolibaba, Ray (14 November 2012).
1167:Distress Alerting Satellite System
982:Other M-code characteristics are:
25:
3114:"GPS Operational Control Segment"
2098:Gruss, Mike (21 September 2016).
920:to form a 1,023,000 bit/s signal.
3718:
3695:
3669:
3644:Perton, Marc (25 January 2006).
3588:"The Modernized L2 Civil Signal"
3433:. InsideGNSS.com. Archived from
3429:Divis, Dee Ann (27 April 2017).
3365:
3329:
3220:
3182:
3126:
3094:
3066:
3039:
2971:
2944:
2912:
2885:
2849:
2812:
2758:. InsideGNSS.com. Archived from
2705:
2597:
2565:
2190:
2159:
1990:
1917:
1825:
1723:
1698:
1471:. LockheedMartin. Archived from
1407:
1350:OCS and OCX operate in parallel
1191:operationally accepted in 2019.
990:Binary offset carrier modulation
383:Cape Canaveral Air Force Station
38:
3505:Seligman, Lara (3 March 2016).
2754:Divis, Dee Ann (31 July 2017).
4530:Satellites using the A2100 bus
2674:Jewell, Don (12 August 2015).
2441:"GPS Status and Modernization"
2374:"Falcon 9 Block 5 | GPS III-6"
1913:"Contracts for April 27, 2016"
1785:. GPS World. 15 September 2016
122:3,880 kg (8,550 lb)
1:
3242:. SpaceNews.com. 1 July 2016.
2990:Lazar, Steven (Summer 2002).
2728:. Inside GNSS. Archived from
2065:. Bloomberg. 23 December 2018
1915:. U.S. Department of Defense.
1745:. Via Satellite. 1 March 2010
1107:It is defined in IS-GPS-800.
953:It is defined in IS-GPS-200.
272:
130:2,269 kg (5,002 lb)
3576:Resources in other libraries
3464:. InsideGNSS.com. 6 May 2021
3281:Dunn, Michael (2 May 2022).
2934:. GPS.gov. 23 September 2016
2839:. GPS.gov. 23 September 2016
2014:economictimes.indiatimes.com
1373:OCX Block 1 and OCX Block 2
1344:(Launch and Checkout only)
1251:Initial Operating Capability
1119:M-code: −158 dBW / −138 dBW.
302:) consists of the first ten
3617:. GPS World. Archived from
3590:. GPS World. Archived from
4551:
3005:(2): 42–46. Archived from
2808:Report Number GAO-13-294SP
1549:"GPS Constellation Status"
1177:satellites as part of the
1152:Galileo positioning system
1150:, will be included in the
860:
4525:Global Positioning System
4506:indicate launch failures.
4499:
3772:
3763:Global Positioning System
3629:"GPS III / GPS Block III"
3571:Resources in your library
1378:Block II & Block III
1360:
1349:
1341:
1338:
1319:
1316:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1181:search and rescue system.
1131:The Aerospace Corporation
909:(i.e., every 1.5 second).
419:GPS Block III satellites
324:Global Positioning System
308:Global Positioning System
281:
275:
271:
267:
250:
246:
181:
177:
173:
97:
93:
49:
37:
4535:SpaceX military payloads
2621:"GPS OCX Program Status"
931:forward error correction
473:23 December 2018, 13:51
138:4480 watts (end of life)
1955:. North Coast Media LLC
1358:Contingency Operations
1201:United States Air Force
817:
777:
737:
697:
674:18 January 2023, 12:24
657:
617:
594:5 November 2020, 23:24
577:
537:
456:
147:Nickel–hydrogen battery
3775:List of GPS satellites
2349:"NAVSTAR 82 (USA 343)"
2264:USCG Navigation Center
2239:USCG Navigation Center
2214:USCG Navigation Center
1438:List of GPS satellites
1317:Command & Control
1284:Contingency operations
857:New navigation signals
513:22 August 2019, 13:06
356:
113:Lockheed Martin A2100M
3205:"GPS Control Segment"
2523:Space Systems Command
2326:Space Systems Command
1661:Air Force Association
1074:New civilian L1 (L1C)
916:); however, they are
848:Available for launch
811:Available for launch
771:Available for launch
731:Available for launch
379:Hawthorne, California
353:
3655:"GPS Program Update"
1663:. Air Force Magazine
1466:"GPS III fact sheet"
1433:GPS satellite blocks
1125:L5 will be −154 dBW.
1096:to improve tracking.
1012:and error detection.
634:17 June 2021, 16:09
554:30 June 2020, 20:10
88:Navigation satellite
3716:on 31 October 2009.
3710:"GPS Modernization"
3684:"GPS Modernization"
2875:on 29 December 2016
2655:on 26 December 2016
1883:on 2 February 2013.
1478:on 6 September 2015
1296:Deployment schedule
1027:Safety of Life (L5)
967:directional antenna
420:
322:The United States'
194:Production complete
34:
3410:on 2 December 2017
2732:on 2 December 2013
1415:Spaceflight portal
874:Coarse Acquisition
418:
357:
304:GPS III satellites
255:Related spacecraft
169:15 years (planned)
160:Medium Earth orbit
4512:
4511:
3557:Library resources
2762:on 16 August 2017
2329:. 25 October 2022
2087:. 22 August 2019.
2043:. Spaceflight Now
1573:. Spaceflight Now
1504:. 18 January 2023
1398:
1397:
1129:Researchers from
957:Military (M-code)
885:ionospheric delay
868:Civilian L2 (L2C)
854:
853:
747:Katherine Johnson
293:
292:
289:
288:
234:23 December 2018
64:Country of origin
18:GPS Modernization
16:(Redirected from
4542:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3732:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3693:on 14 June 2011.
3692:
3686:. Archived from
3673:
3672:
3668:
3667:on 14 June 2011.
3666:
3659:
3649:
3640:
3632:
3622:
3607:
3605:
3595:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3533:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3458:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3437:on 28 April 2017
3426:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3348:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3318:
3310:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3278:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3201:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3176:. Archived from
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3147:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3092:on 4 March 2016.
3088:. Archived from
3082:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3063:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3036:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3011:
2996:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2833:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2751:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2645:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2616:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2549:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2526:. 26 August 2022
2519:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2485:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2399:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2322:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2300:
2286:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2016:. Archived from
2006:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1979:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1944:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1901:on 4 April 2014.
1897:. Archived from
1891:
1885:
1884:
1879:. Archived from
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1856:
1848:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1815:. U.S. Air Force
1810:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1779:
1770:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1629:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1593:"Space X stream"
1589:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1524:"Space X stream"
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1470:
1462:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1300:
1161:is working with
1140:retro-reflectors
835:Falcon 9 Block 5
678:Falcon 9 Block 5
638:Falcon 9 Block 5
598:Falcon 9 Block 5
558:Falcon 9 Block 5
477:Falcon 9 Block 5
427:USA designation
421:
273:
242:18 January 2023
157:Semi-synchronous
42:
35:
21:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4495:
4328:
4257:
4184:
4131:
4012:
3904:
3846:
3777:
3768:
3759:
3719:
3707:
3696:
3690:
3681:
3670:
3664:
3657:
3652:
3643:
3635:
3627:
3621:on 9 July 2011.
3612:
3603:
3598:
3594:on 9 July 2011.
3585:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3553:
3548:
3547:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3460:
3459:
3450:
3440:
3438:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3413:
3411:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3366:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3342:
3330:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3298:
3288:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3270:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3221:
3213:
3211:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3183:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3139:
3127:
3119:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3095:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3067:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3040:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3015:
3013:
3012:on 4 April 2014
3009:
2994:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2972:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2945:
2937:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2913:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2886:
2878:
2876:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2850:
2842:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2825:
2813:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2765:
2763:
2753:
2752:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2706:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2658:
2656:
2647:
2646:
2639:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2610:
2598:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2566:
2558:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2539:
2529:
2527:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2498:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2471:. 5 June 2023.
2468:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2357:
2355:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2298:
2296:
2294:Lockheed Martin
2288:
2287:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2260:"NANU 2022-025"
2258:
2257:
2253:
2243:
2241:
2235:"NANU 2020-086"
2233:
2232:
2228:
2218:
2216:
2210:"NANU 2020-046"
2208:
2207:
2203:
2191:
2183:
2181:
2179:"NANU 2020-015"
2177:
2176:
2172:
2160:
2152:
2150:
2148:"NANU 2020-004"
2146:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2127:Spaceflight Now
2120:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2046:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1991:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1946:
1945:
1930:
1918:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1838:
1826:
1818:
1816:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1765:
1758:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1724:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1699:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1623:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1576:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1502:Lockheed Martin
1496:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1364:
1362:
1343:
1333:December 2018
1309:Space Vehicles
1298:
1286:
1275:
1266:
1247:
1227:
1197:
1188:
1186:Control segment
1113:
1076:
1062:Located in the
1029:
1008:It can include
959:
870:
865:
859:
787:Ellison Onizuka
413:
391:McGregor, Texas
348:
320:
312:Lockheed Martin
58:Lockheed Martin
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4548:
4546:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4517:
4516:
4510:
4509:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4444:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4338:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4267:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4194:
4192:
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3551:External links
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3509:. Defense News
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3285:. GPSWorld.com
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2495:. 18 June 2021
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2020:on 25 May 2014
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861:Main article:
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411:Launch history
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33:GPS Block III
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3323:10 November
3261:25 December
3214:25 December
3120:25 December
2938:28 December
2879:28 December
2736:21 November
2682:28 December
2678:. GPS World
2659:25 December
2591:21 November
2219:23 November
2132:24 December
2069:23 December
2047:18 December
1789:25 December
1692:18 December
1667:13 December
1636:. GPS World
1597:youtube.com
1577:24 December
1528:youtube.com
1428:GPS signals
1386:July 2025
1306:Deployment
918:multiplexed
863:GPS signals
827:Hedy Lamarr
818:GPS III-10
778:GPS III-09
738:GPS III-08
698:GPS III-07
691:In service
658:GPS III-06
651:In service
618:GPS III-05
611:In service
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571:In service
538:GPS III-03
531:In service
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490:In service
457:GPS III-01
368:Orbital ATK
346:Development
239:Last launch
223:Operational
166:Design life
119:Launch mass
4519:Categories
4334:Block IIIF
4137:Block IIRM
3766:satellites
3538:21 January
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3404:InsideGNSS
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1819:1 December
1749:5 December
1640:2 December
1602:18 January
1533:18 January
1508:31 January
1452:References
1365:Block III
707:Sally Ride
424:Satellite
300:Block IIIA
186:Production
4263:Block III
4190:Block IIF
4018:Block IIR
3910:Block IIA
2999:Crosslink
2766:15 August
2493:GPS World
2450:5 October
1719:"GPS FAQ"
1444:Michibiki
1347:Block II
1342:Block III
1339:Block II
1165:to add a
1144:ephemeris
972:spot beam
927:modulated
751:TBD 2025
711:TBD 2025
590:Sacagawea
519:M+ (4,2)
143:Batteries
3852:Block II
3761:NAVSTAR
3441:28 April
2843:20 April
2559:20 April
2420:"Vulcan"
1554:11 March
1401:See also
1361:Block II
1312:Remarks
1217:breach.
517:Delta IV
509:Magellan
469:Vespucci
402:Delta IV
398:Falcon 9
355:Johnson.
337:Raytheon
285:→
215:Launched
199:On order
127:Dry mass
74:Operator
3783:Block I
3209:gps.gov
3016:29 June
2499:22 June
2425:16 July
2299:16 June
2184:2 April
1984:20 June
1813:gps.gov
1175:GPS III
1148:GLONASS
1101:Galileo
831:FY2026
791:FY2026
662:USA-343
622:USA-319
582:USA-309
542:USA-304
527:SLC-37B
501:USA-293
461:USA-289
449:Status
443:Rocket
387:Florida
328:GPS III
318:History
3559:about
2788:17 May
2404:26 May
2269:25 May
1179:MEOSAR
1037:SVN-62
925:CM is
844:SLC-40
807:SLC-41
767:SLC-41
727:SLC-41
687:SLC-40
647:SLC-40
607:SLC-40
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395:SpaceX
389:; and
375:SpaceX
361:A2100M
191:Status
153:Regime
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1303:Date
914:bit/s
840:CCSFS
803:CCSFS
763:CCSFS
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683:CCSFS
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603:CCSFS
563:CCSFS
523:CCSFS
482:CCSFS
452:Ref.
433:Name
377:, in
207:Built
135:Power
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