2440:
2451:
2458:
3852:
143:
4584:
670:
5819:
759:
5813:
3857:
432:
3314:
118:
5808:
3306:
5802:
4576:
2446:
3326:
3320:
4592:
736:
732:, upper arm bone, length. The surface on the radius contacting the ulna is limited in size and relatively smooth. The joint surface at the underside of the radius is bevelled relative to the shaft, at an angle of about 15°. The outer edge of the top surface of the shinbone forms a pinched process, behind the cnemial crest at the front.
648:
SMA 0011, a skeleton nicknamed "Max" and found in June 1995 at the Howe-Stephens Quarry, was considered sufficiently different from the others to consider naming a separate species for it. The skeleton included a nearly complete skull and mandibles and the majority of the anterior postcranial
593:, "need". The combination is intended as a translation of Wil-helm, literally "want helmet", in reference to the first name of both Utterback and Holland. The name is at the same time an allusion to the fact that the brittle braincase of the type specimen is in need of a helmet.
695:
with processes pointing to the front and the inside, which are separate from the rear wing of the spine. This rear wing shows a continuous transverse width over most of its length. The
703:, has a neural spine with a knob-shaped bump on the front end of the ridge on its front side. With the middle and rear neck vertebrae, the ridge between the rear joint processes, the
687:, unique derived characters. On the back of the skull, the paroccipital process is curved in side view. The teeth have paired wear facets. The first neck vertebra, the
5941:
547:
expedition. This specimen (AMNH 969) consisted of a nearly complete skull and the atlas-axis complex preserved in articulation, and it was also referred to
677:
1542:
5951:
502:. The specimen was composed of a braincase, partial vertebral column, and several other postcranial elements. In 1906, the skeleton was referred to
657:, by Tschopp and Mateus. It was named after the Swiss paleontologist Dr. Ben Pabst, who discovered the specimen and helped mount the skeleton at
5961:
5946:
1434:
sp. nov. (Sauropoda: Diplodocidae), with implications for neurocentral closure timing, and the cervico-dorsal transition in diplodocids"
544:
499:
468:
423:. The type species is known from one of the most well preserved diplodocid fossils, a nearly complete skeleton with associated skull.
460:
130:
5956:
2450:
2439:
2457:
3851:
1319:
724:. The appending basipterygoid processes at the underside of the braincase strongly diverge at an angle of more than 60°. The
1535:
1054:
4583:
142:
5818:
5812:
5855:
3856:
1630:
1528:
521:
3313:
5876:
3325:
3305:
917:
5908:
5845:
5807:
5536:
1818:
869:
509:
464:
452:
5801:
4575:
3319:
1366:"A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda)"
718:
forming the edge between the rear skull and the skull roof is low, with a height less than that of the
4591:
2445:
5936:
1071:
658:
563:
2521:
1226:
1209:
1104:
934:
836:
459:. The specimen consisted of a partial skull and mandibles, which Felch sent to his employer at the
571:
5576:
2648:
1023:
893:
699:
of the atlas has on each side of its base a small triangular spur. The second neck vertebra, the
642:
601:
404:
357:
137:
5913:
5712:
5253:
4000:
3641:
3370:
2558:
1465:
1397:
1185:
999:
567:
536:
495:
5583:
5428:
5368:
5010:
4902:
4808:
4699:
4501:
4481:
4420:
3539:
3392:
3239:
2956:
2910:
2890:
2834:
2137:
1914:
1894:
1455:
1445:
1387:
1377:
819:
704:
669:
525:
512:
when he described its braincase. The specimen was classified by
Holland as a new species of
5850:
5720:
5453:
5346:
5042:
5022:
5003:
4961:
4888:
4874:
4757:
4508:
4428:
4075:
3611:
3602:
3463:
3455:
3382:
3142:
3020:
2841:
2697:
2528:
2257:
2250:
2242:
2229:
2146:
1692:
1679:
1642:
1615:
1590:
1551:
758:
688:
618:
216:
683:
The 2015 study established seven distinguishing traits of the genus as such. These were
431:
5727:
5642:
5524:
5469:
5419:
5231:
5224:
5170:
5142:
5097:
5070:
4945:
4910:
4852:
4779:
4692:
4456:
4335:
4307:
4286:
4271:
4193:
4166:
3984:
3968:
3934:
3777:
3576:
3448:
3274:
3013:
2992:
2941:
2933:
2785:
2778:
2685:
2584:
2572:
2380:
2352:
2189:
2160:
2153:
2099:
2013:
1999:
1983:
1958:
1788:
1460:
1429:
1392:
1365:
720:
700:
684:
5930:
5770:
5755:
5734:
5650:
5610:
5598:
5568:
5517:
5489:
5462:
5383:
5360:
5308:
5239:
5163:
5129:
5118:
5056:
4975:
4938:
4917:
4867:
4845:
4837:
4830:
4823:
4764:
4729:
4706:
4648:
4515:
4494:
4362:
4353:
4342:
4321:
4300:
4278:
4221:
4098:
4035:
3919:
3742:
3718:
3684:
3655:
3648:
3627:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3513:
3504:
3441:
3433:
3426:
3356:
3343:
3260:
3184:
3127:
3106:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
2984:
2963:
2882:
2859:
2706:
2663:
2565:
2542:
2514:
2345:
2338:
2286:
2182:
2119:
2110:
1992:
1866:
1834:
1802:
1763:
1745:
1724:
797:
715:
400:
245:
68:
30:
750:, exactly the minimum the study used as a criterion to distinguish separate genera.
5778:
5748:
5741:
5678:
5619:
5545:
5477:
5435:
5404:
5390:
5375:
5353:
5337:
5271:
5260:
5211:
5192:
5185:
5063:
5049:
5035:
4989:
4982:
4953:
4924:
4860:
4801:
4743:
4736:
4685:
4678:
4641:
4623:
4610:
4538:
4522:
4463:
4449:
4413:
4406:
4392:
4370:
4264:
4256:
4249:
4228:
4200:
4148:
4134:
4120:
4105:
4056:
3977:
3949:
3942:
3761:
3750:
3727:
3709:
3634:
3620:
3527:
3484:
3477:
3419:
3412:
3175:
3090:
2898:
2848:
2820:
2813:
2792:
2764:
2750:
2670:
2614:
2593:
2279:
2167:
2071:
2027:
2020:
1972:
1944:
1905:
1731:
984:
785:
692:
623:
605:
408:
301:
271:
258:
117:
5899:
5763:
5671:
5657:
5553:
5442:
5397:
5294:
5287:
5280:
5246:
5178:
5156:
5077:
4968:
4663:
4470:
4435:
4328:
4293:
4235:
4214:
4207:
4179:
4112:
4084:
4049:
4042:
4028:
3927:
3912:
3813:
3735:
3698:
3569:
3520:
3281:
3157:
3120:
3113:
3082:
3066:
3006:
2970:
2948:
2868:
2827:
2771:
2743:
2729:
2677:
2630:
2550:
2535:
2507:
2373:
2331:
2317:
2297:
2271:
2217:
2210:
2126:
2092:
2078:
1921:
1859:
1795:
1772:
1738:
1710:
696:
43:
777:
to other diplodocids, as found by the analysis of
Tschopp & Mateus (2017).
600:(previously CM 662), the original skeleton. It was found in layer of the lower
5664:
5591:
5560:
5322:
5149:
4996:
4931:
4895:
4881:
4816:
4787:
4750:
4713:
4656:
4242:
4186:
4141:
4091:
4063:
4021:
3957:
3905:
3887:
3874:
3798:
3784:
3770:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3583:
3495:
3470:
3200:
3150:
3134:
3098:
2999:
2875:
2799:
2713:
2656:
2607:
2359:
2175:
2064:
1928:
1887:
1852:
1581:
582:
504:
386:
366:
200:
88:
53:
649:
skeleton. In 2017, the "Max" specimen was made the type specimen of a second
5627:
5509:
5315:
4794:
4772:
4721:
4442:
4399:
4385:
4127:
3820:
3806:
3691:
3405:
3253:
3246:
2977:
2926:
2489:
2476:
2391:
2366:
2324:
2203:
2043:
1810:
1752:
770:
392:
232:
154:
93:
37:
1469:
1401:
5893:
5635:
5301:
5111:
4314:
4155:
4014:
3267:
2757:
2600:
2310:
2085:
2057:
1965:
1880:
1873:
1780:
1717:
1599:
1575:
609:
456:
436:
420:
389:
187:
174:
83:
78:
63:
58:
48:
4671:
3075:
2919:
2806:
2264:
1450:
735:
729:
540:
451:
was collected by
Marshall P. Felch in September, 1884 at his quarry in
412:
98:
73:
1382:
5200:
4378:
2196:
1569:
728:
of the lower arm is long, with a minimum length equalling 76% of the
164:
5870:
1520:
757:
734:
668:
575:
494:
was discovered by fossil hunter
William H. Utterback in 1902 near
430:
710:
The study also determined six autapomorphies of the type species
535:
specimen was discovered and collected by Peter Kaisen in 1903 at
5502:
2006:
725:
5874:
5834:
4608:
3872:
3341:
2474:
1677:
1562:
1524:
551:
until
Tschopp’s reassessment, which placed it as a specimen of
3164:
707:, does not extend beyond the rear edge of the neural arch.
419:, known from the Late Jurassic fossils from Wyoming and
746:
Combined, there are thirteen autapomorphies present in
1364:
Tschopp, E.; Mateus, O. V.; Benson, R. B. J. (2015).
629:. Several other specimens were referred to the genus
1491:. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum IX; 379–403 (1924).
342:
331:
308:
5883:
5704:
5609:
5535:
5488:
5452:
5418:
5336:
5270:
5210:
5128:
5095:
5021:
4621:
4537:
4480:
4352:
4165:
4074:
3998:
3967:
3885:
3760:
3717:
3708:
3610:
3601:
3538:
3503:
3494:
3391:
3380:
3354:
3231:
3199:
3183:
3174:
3065:
2909:
2858:
2727:
2696:
2628:
2583:
2487:
2390:
2296:
2228:
2136:
2109:
2041:
1982:
1942:
1904:
1832:
1762:
1690:
1641:
1614:
773:below shows one hypothesis on the relationships of
645:, with 3 of the 4 specimens collected in Wyoming.
498:, in the Red Fork Powder River Quarry A for the
558:In 2015, it was renamed as the separate genus
1536:
8:
5871:
5831:
5701:
5494:
5449:
5216:
5134:
5103:
5027:
4633:
4629:
4618:
4605:
4486:
4171:
4006:
3897:
3893:
3882:
3869:
3714:
3607:
3500:
3397:
3388:
3362:
3351:
3338:
3228:
3180:
2735:
2640:
2636:
2499:
2495:
2484:
2471:
2302:
2234:
2049:
1979:
1950:
1844:
1840:
1702:
1698:
1687:
1674:
1620:
1611:
1559:
1543:
1529:
1521:
1359:
1357:
1355:
678:Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal
116:
20:
1459:
1449:
1391:
1381:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1501:Holland, W.J. (1906). "The osteology of
1428:Emanuel Tschopp; Octávio Mateus (2017).
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1331:
411:age, about 155 million years ago) of
7:
1483:
1481:
1479:
5942:Dinosaurs of the Morrison Formation
1201:
1177:
1127:
1120:
1096:
1046:
1039:
1015:
991:
909:
885:
861:
811:
804:
792:
780:
637:. All of the specimens referred to
574:. The generic name is derived from
545:American Museum of Natural History
500:Carnegie Museum of Natural History
471:(USNM V 2673). It was referred to
469:National Museum of Natural History
14:
5836:Topics in sauropodomorph research
739:Hypothetical life restoration of
467:, but was later deposited at the
395:. It contains two known species:
131:Houston Museum of Natural Science
5817:
5811:
5806:
5800:
4590:
4582:
4574:
3855:
3850:
3324:
3318:
3312:
3304:
2456:
2449:
2444:
2438:
141:
447:The first specimen referred to
1507:Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum
1320:2017 in archosaur paleontology
1:
5962:Multispecific sauropod genera
5947:Fossil taxa described in 2015
1055:Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis
475:for many years until Tschopp
5952:Taxa named by Octávio Mateus
608:. This specimen is also the
443:, SMA 00011, nicknamed "Max"
5978:
385:is a genus of herbivorous
349:Tschopp & Mateus, 2017
16:Extinct genus of dinosaurs
5841:
5830:
5798:
5700:
5497:
5219:
5137:
5106:
5030:
4636:
4632:
4617:
4604:
4571:
4489:
4174:
4009:
3900:
3896:
3881:
3868:
3848:
3400:
3365:
3350:
3337:
3301:
3227:
2738:
2643:
2639:
2502:
2498:
2483:
2470:
2436:
2305:
2237:
2052:
1953:
1847:
1843:
1705:
1701:
1686:
1673:
1623:
1610:
1558:
1487:Holland WJ. The skull of
1223:
1206:
1199:
1182:
1175:
1149:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1101:
1094:
1068:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1020:
1013:
996:
989:
931:
914:
907:
890:
883:
866:
859:
833:
816:
809:
802:
790:
765:skull (specimen AMNH 969)
363:
356:
328:
323:
307:
300:
138:Scientific classification
136:
124:
115:
23:
5856:List of sauropod species
479:referred the remains to
5957:Paleontology in Wyoming
714:alone. The part of the
918:Brontosaurus yahnahpin
766:
743:
680:
444:
5909:Paleobiology Database
5846:Sauropod neck posture
5537:Opisthocoelicaudiinae
870:Brontosaurus excelsus
761:
738:
672:
510:William Jacob Holland
490:The type specimen of
465:Othniel Charles Marsh
434:
415:, United States, and
1072:Supersaurus vivianae
659:Sauriermuseum Aathal
596:The genoholotype is
372:Holland, 1924 (type)
5705:Dubious titanosaurs
2522:Chinshakiangosaurus
1227:Diplodocus hallorum
1210:Diplodocus carnegii
1105:Leinkupal laticauda
935:Brontosaurus parvus
837:Apatosaurus louisae
461:Yale Peabody Museum
129:holotype skeleton,
5577:Opisthocoelicaudia
2649:Archaeodontosaurus
1451:10.7717/peerj.3179
1024:Tornieria africana
894:Amphicoelias altus
767:
744:
681:
643:Morrison Formation
602:Morrison Formation
445:
405:Morrison Formation
5924:
5923:
5877:Taxon identifiers
5868:
5867:
5864:
5863:
5826:
5825:
5796:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5788:
5787:
5713:Bruhathkayosaurus
5696:
5695:
5692:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5414:
5413:
5332:
5331:
5254:Panamericansaurus
5091:
5090:
5087:
5086:
4600:
4599:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4533:
4532:
4001:Titanosauriformes
3994:
3993:
3864:
3863:
3846:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3642:Brachytrachelopan
3597:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3371:Haplocanthosaurus
3333:
3332:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3232:Dubious sauropods
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3214:
2723:
2722:
2624:
2623:
2559:Protognathosaurus
2466:
2465:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2037:
2036:
1938:
1937:
1828:
1827:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1432:Galeamopus pabsti
1383:10.7717/peerj.857
1310:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1247:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1186:Barosaurus lentus
1164:
1163:
1153:Galeamopus pabsti
1083:
1082:
1000:Kaatedocus siberi
973:
972:
964:
963:
955:
954:
946:
945:
848:
847:
537:Bone Cabin Quarry
496:Sheridan, Wyoming
485:Galeamopus pabsti
441:Galeamopus pabsti
435:The skull of the
417:Galeamopus pabsti
399:, known from the
378:
377:
373:
350:
339:
296:
5969:
5917:
5916:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5872:
5832:
5821:
5815:
5810:
5804:
5702:
5584:Pellegrinisaurus
5495:
5450:
5429:Bustingorrytitan
5369:Futalognkosaurus
5217:
5135:
5104:
5028:
5011:Diamantinasauria
4903:Pellegrinisaurus
4809:Jiangshanosaurus
4700:Baotianmansaurus
4634:
4630:
4619:
4606:
4595:
4594:
4587:
4586:
4579:
4578:
4502:Diamantinasaurus
4487:
4482:Diamantinasauria
4421:Jiangshanosaurus
4172:
4007:
3898:
3894:
3883:
3870:
3859:
3854:
3715:
3608:
3540:Rebbachisaurinae
3501:
3398:
3393:Rebbachisauridae
3389:
3363:
3352:
3339:
3328:
3322:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3308:
3240:Bothriospondylus
3229:
3181:
2957:Eomamenchisaurus
2911:Mamenchisauridae
2891:Lapparentosaurus
2835:Spinophorosaurus
2736:
2641:
2637:
2500:
2496:
2485:
2472:
2461:
2460:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2303:
2235:
2138:Massospondylidae
2050:
1980:
1951:
1915:Jaklapallisaurus
1895:Thecodontosaurus
1845:
1841:
1703:
1699:
1688:
1675:
1621:
1612:
1605:
1604:
1560:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1522:
1515:
1514:
1498:
1492:
1485:
1474:
1473:
1463:
1453:
1425:
1406:
1405:
1395:
1385:
1361:
1202:
1178:
1128:
1121:
1097:
1047:
1040:
1016:
992:
910:
886:
862:
820:Apatosaurus ajax
812:
805:
793:
781:
705:postzygapophyses
604:dating from the
589:, "helmet", and
526:Oliver Perry Hay
371:
348:
344:
337:
333:
310:
290:
283:
270:
257:
244:
231:
215:
146:
145:
120:
110:
40:
29:Temporal range:
21:
5977:
5976:
5972:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5966:
5927:
5926:
5925:
5920:
5912:
5907:
5898:
5897:
5892:
5879:
5869:
5860:
5851:Sauropod hiatus
5837:
5822:
5784:
5721:Campylodoniscus
5684:
5605:
5531:
5484:
5454:Nemegtosauridae
5448:
5410:
5347:Argentinosaurus
5328:
5266:
5206:
5124:
5100:
5083:
5043:Atsinganosaurus
5023:Lirainosaurinae
5017:
5004:Xianshanosaurus
4889:Normanniasaurus
4875:Narambuenatitan
4758:Dongyangosaurus
4626:
4613:
4596:
4589:
4581:
4573:
4553:
4529:
4509:Sarmientosaurus
4476:
4429:Phuwiangosaurus
4348:
4161:
4076:Brachiosauridae
4070:
4003:
3990:
3963:
3890:
3877:
3860:
3826:
3756:
3704:
3612:Dicraeosauridae
3603:Flagellicaudata
3589:
3534:
3490:
3464:Nopcsaspondylus
3456:Maraapunisaurus
3385:
3383:Diplodocimorpha
3376:
3359:
3346:
3329:
3311:
3303:
3287:
3211:
3195:
3170:
3143:Tehuelchesaurus
3061:
3021:Tienshanosaurus
2905:
2854:
2842:Tehuelchesaurus
2732:
2719:
2698:Vulcanodontidae
2692:
2633:
2620:
2579:
2529:Gongxianosaurus
2492:
2479:
2462:
2455:
2406:
2386:
2292:
2251:Jingshanosaurus
2243:Chuxiongosaurus
2230:Sauropodiformes
2224:
2147:Adeopapposaurus
2132:
2105:
2046:
2033:
1978:
1947:
1934:
1900:
1837:
1824:
1758:
1695:
1693:Sauropodomorpha
1682:
1680:Sauropodomorpha
1657:
1643:Sauropodomorpha
1637:
1631:Avemetatarsalia
1616:Avemetatarsalia
1606:
1591:Avemetatarsalia
1565:
1564:
1554:
1552:Sauropodomorpha
1549:
1519:
1518:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1427:
1426:
1409:
1363:
1362:
1333:
1328:
1316:
1311:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1165:
1136:Galeamopus hayi
1084:
974:
965:
956:
947:
849:
756:
712:Galeamopus hayi
667:
635:Galeamopus hayi
619:combinatio nova
614:Galeamopus hayi
564:Emanuel Tschopp
553:Galeamopus hayi
520:, in 1924. The
518:Diplodocus hayi
429:
397:Galeamopus hayi
338:(Holland, 1924)
319:
316:
313:Diplodocus hayi
289:
281:
268:
255:
242:
229:
217:Sauropodomorpha
213:
140:
111:
109:
108:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
36:155–152.9
35:
34:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5975:
5973:
5965:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5929:
5928:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5918:
5905:
5889:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5875:
5866:
5865:
5862:
5861:
5859:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5835:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5775:
5767:
5760:
5752:
5745:
5738:
5731:
5728:Clasmodosaurus
5724:
5717:
5708:
5706:
5698:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5675:
5668:
5661:
5654:
5647:
5643:Maxakalisaurus
5639:
5632:
5624:
5615:
5613:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5595:
5588:
5580:
5573:
5565:
5557:
5550:
5541:
5539:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5525:Quaesitosaurus
5521:
5514:
5506:
5498:
5492:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5482:
5474:
5470:Quaesitosaurus
5466:
5458:
5456:
5447:
5446:
5439:
5432:
5424:
5422:
5420:Saltasauroidea
5416:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5401:
5394:
5387:
5380:
5372:
5365:
5357:
5350:
5342:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5319:
5312:
5305:
5298:
5291:
5284:
5276:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5257:
5250:
5243:
5236:
5232:Maxakalisaurus
5228:
5225:Adamantisaurus
5220:
5214:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5204:
5197:
5189:
5182:
5175:
5171:Epachthosaurus
5167:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5143:Antarctosaurus
5138:
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5115:
5107:
5101:
5098:Eutitanosauria
5096:
5093:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5074:
5071:Mansourasaurus
5067:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5007:
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4950:
4946:Tastavinsaurus
4942:
4935:
4928:
4921:
4914:
4911:Petrobrasaurus
4907:
4899:
4892:
4885:
4878:
4871:
4864:
4857:
4853:Malarguesaurus
4849:
4842:
4834:
4827:
4820:
4813:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4784:
4780:Epachthosaurus
4776:
4769:
4761:
4754:
4747:
4740:
4733:
4726:
4718:
4710:
4703:
4696:
4693:Austroposeidon
4689:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4660:
4653:
4645:
4637:
4627:
4622:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4543:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4519:
4512:
4505:
4498:
4490:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4457:Tangvayosaurus
4453:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4367:
4358:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4339:
4336:Tastavinsaurus
4332:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4308:Pukyongosaurus
4304:
4297:
4290:
4287:Liubangosaurus
4283:
4275:
4272:Liaoningotitan
4268:
4261:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4194:Astrophocaudia
4190:
4183:
4175:
4169:
4167:Somphospondyli
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4088:
4080:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4010:
4004:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3985:Lourinhasaurus
3981:
3973:
3971:
3969:Camarasauridae
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3954:
3946:
3939:
3935:Dashanpusaurus
3931:
3924:
3916:
3909:
3901:
3891:
3886:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3778:Dinheirosaurus
3774:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3747:
3739:
3732:
3723:
3721:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3616:
3614:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3580:
3577:Rebbachisaurus
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3544:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3524:
3517:
3509:
3507:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3452:
3449:Lavocatisaurus
3445:
3438:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3401:
3395:
3386:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3366:
3360:
3355:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3278:
3275:Qinlingosaurus
3271:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3235:
3233:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3208:(see below ↓ )
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3192:(see below ↓ )
3189:
3187:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3139:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3079:
3071:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3014:Rhomaleopakhus
3010:
3003:
2996:
2993:Mamenchisaurus
2989:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2945:
2942:Chuanjiesaurus
2938:
2934:Cetiosauriscus
2930:
2923:
2915:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2872:
2864:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2786:Dashanpusaurus
2782:
2779:Cetiosauriscus
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2739:
2733:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:Zizhongosaurus
2682:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2644:
2634:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2589:
2587:
2585:Lessemsauridae
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2573:Tuebingosaurus
2569:
2562:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2503:
2493:
2488:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2381:Sefapanosaurus
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2353:Melanorosaurus
2349:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2190:Massospondylus
2186:
2179:
2172:
2164:
2161:Glacialisaurus
2157:
2154:Coloradisaurus
2150:
2142:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2123:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2100:Tuebingosaurus
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2053:
2047:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2014:Pachysauriscus
2010:
2003:
2000:Gresslyosaurus
1996:
1988:
1986:
1984:Plateosauridae
1977:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1959:Plateosauravus
1954:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1910:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1848:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1792:
1789:Chromogisaurus
1785:
1777:
1768:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1706:
1696:
1691:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1624:
1618:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1593:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1563:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1533:
1525:
1517:
1516:
1493:
1475:
1430:"Osteology of
1407:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:
995:
990:
988:
980:
979:
976:
975:
971:
970:
967:
966:
962:
961:
958:
957:
953:
952:
949:
948:
944:
943:
940:
939:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
913:
908:
906:
903:
902:
899:
898:
889:
884:
882:
879:
878:
875:
874:
865:
860:
858:
855:
854:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
841:
832:
829:
828:
825:
824:
815:
810:
808:
803:
801:
791:
789:
779:
755:
752:
721:foramen magnum
685:autapomorphies
666:
663:
568:Octávio Mateus
428:
425:
376:
375:
361:
360:
354:
353:
352:
351:
340:
326:
325:
321:
320:
317:
305:
304:
298:
297:
279:
275:
274:
266:
262:
261:
253:
249:
248:
240:
236:
235:
227:
220:
219:
211:
204:
203:
198:
191:
190:
185:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
134:
133:
122:
121:
113:
112:
104:
103:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
41:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5974:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5915:
5910:
5906:
5901:
5895:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5886:
5882:
5878:
5873:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5840:
5833:
5829:
5820:
5816:
5814:
5809:
5803:
5781:
5780:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5771:Mongolosaurus
5768:
5766:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5756:Macrurosaurus
5753:
5751:
5750:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5739:
5737:
5736:
5735:Hypselosaurus
5732:
5730:
5729:
5725:
5723:
5722:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5710:
5709:
5707:
5703:
5699:
5681:
5680:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5651:Neuquensaurus
5648:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5625:
5622:
5621:
5617:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5611:Saltasaurinae
5608:
5601:
5600:
5599:Zhuchengtitan
5596:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5569:Dreadnoughtus
5566:
5563:
5562:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5538:
5534:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5518:Qingxiusaurus
5515:
5512:
5511:
5507:
5505:
5504:
5500:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5490:Saltasauridae
5487:
5480:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5463:Nemegtosaurus
5460:
5459:
5457:
5455:
5451:
5445:
5444:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5407:
5406:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5388:
5386:
5385:
5384:Mendozasaurus
5381:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5362:
5361:Dzharatitanis
5358:
5356:
5355:
5351:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5309:Gondwanatitan
5306:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5292:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5256:
5255:
5251:
5249:
5248:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5240:Muyelensaurus
5237:
5234:
5233:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5209:
5203:
5202:
5198:
5195:
5194:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5164:Chucarosaurus
5161:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5152:
5151:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5130:Colossosauria
5127:
5121:
5120:
5119:Menucocelsior
5116:
5114:
5113:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5094:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5057:Lirainosaurus
5054:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5033:
5032:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5020:
5013:
5012:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5001:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4976:Trigonosaurus
4973:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4939:Ruyangosaurus
4936:
4934:
4933:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4918:Pitekunsaurus
4915:
4913:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4868:Mnyamawamtuka
4865:
4863:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4848:
4847:
4846:Magyarosaurus
4843:
4840:
4839:
4838:Ligabuesaurus
4835:
4833:
4832:
4831:Laplatasaurus
4828:
4826:
4825:
4824:Karongasaurus
4821:
4819:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4765:Dreadnoughtus
4762:
4760:
4759:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4730:Borealosaurus
4727:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4707:Barrosasaurus
4704:
4702:
4701:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4649:Aegyptosaurus
4646:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4638:
4635:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4607:
4603:
4593:
4588:
4585:
4577:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4516:Savannasaurus
4513:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4495:Australotitan
4492:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:Australodocus
4360:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4354:Euhelopodidae
4351:
4345:
4344:
4343:Triunfosaurus
4340:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4323:
4322:Sauroposeidon
4319:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4301:Padillasaurus
4298:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4279:Ligabuesaurus
4276:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4222:Chubutisaurus
4219:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4099:Brachiosaurus
4096:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4066:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4036:Fushanosaurus
4033:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3997:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3920:Bashunosaurus
3917:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3858:
3853:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3743:Atlantosaurus
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3719:Apatosaurinae
3716:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3685:Smitanosaurus
3682:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3656:Dyslocosaurus
3653:
3651:
3650:
3649:Dicraeosaurus
3646:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3628:Amargatitanis
3625:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3563:Katepensaurus
3560:
3558:
3557:
3556:Itapeuasaurus
3553:
3551:
3550:
3549:Demandasaurus
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3514:Cathartesaura
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3505:Limaysaurinae
3502:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3442:Histriasaurus
3439:
3436:
3435:
3434:Dzharatitanis
3431:
3429:
3428:
3427:Comahuesaurus
3424:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3357:Diplodocoidea
3353:
3349:
3345:
3344:Diplodocoidea
3340:
3336:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3315:
3307:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3261:Gigantosaurus
3258:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3185:Diplodocoidea
3182:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3128:Narindasaurus
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3107:Losillasaurus
3104:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3056:Zigongosaurus
3053:
3051:
3050:
3049:Yuanmousaurus
3046:
3044:
3043:
3042:Xinjiangtitan
3039:
3037:
3036:
3035:Wamweracaudia
3032:
3030:
3029:
3028:Tonganosaurus
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2985:Klamelisaurus
2982:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2964:Huangshanlong
2961:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:Ferganasaurus
2880:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2860:Cetiosauridae
2857:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2707:Tazoudasaurus
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2664:Ohmdenosaurus
2661:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2566:Schleitheimia
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2543:Leonerasaurus
2540:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2515:Blikanasaurus
2512:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2454:
2452:
2447:
2441:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2346:Leonerasaurus
2343:
2341:
2340:
2339:Lamplughsaura
2336:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2287:Yunnanosaurus
2284:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2183:Lufengosaurus
2180:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2120:Eucnemesaurus
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2111:Riojasauridae
2108:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1993:Euskelosaurus
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1941:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1867:Bagualosaurus
1864:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:Bagualosauria
1831:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:Pampadromaeus
1800:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1764:Saturnaliidae
1761:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1746:Pampadromaeus
1743:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1725:Gigantoscelus
1722:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1546:
1541:
1539:
1534:
1532:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1433:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1288:
1287:
1279:
1278:
1270:
1269:
1261:
1260:
1252:
1251:
1243:
1242:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
994:
993:
986:
982:
981:
978:
977:
969:
968:
960:
959:
951:
950:
942:
941:
938:
937:
936:
929:
928:
925:
924:
921:
920:
919:
912:
911:
905:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
895:
888:
887:
881:
880:
877:
876:
873:
872:
871:
864:
863:
857:
856:
853:
852:
844:
843:
840:
839:
838:
831:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
821:
814:
813:
807:
806:
799:
798:Apatosaurinae
795:
794:
787:
783:
782:
778:
776:
772:
764:
760:
754:Relationships
753:
751:
749:
742:
737:
733:
731:
727:
723:
722:
717:
716:parietal bone
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
679:
675:
671:
664:
662:
660:
656:
652:
646:
644:
641:are from the
640:
636:
632:
628:
625:
621:
620:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
522:specific name
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:
501:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
442:
438:
433:
426:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
401:Late Jurassic
398:
394:
391:
388:
384:
383:
374:
370:
368:
362:
359:
355:
347:
341:
336:
330:
329:
327:
322:
318:Holland, 1924
315:
314:
306:
303:
299:
294:
288:
287:
280:
277:
276:
273:
267:
264:
263:
260:
254:
251:
250:
247:
246:Diplodocoidea
241:
239:Superfamily:
238:
237:
234:
228:
225:
222:
221:
218:
212:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
193:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
144:
139:
135:
132:
128:
123:
119:
114:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
39:
32:
31:Late Jurassic
26:
22:
19:
5884:
5805:
5779:Titanosaurus
5777:
5769:
5762:
5754:
5749:Loricosaurus
5747:
5742:Iuticosaurus
5740:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5711:
5679:Yamanasaurus
5677:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5649:
5641:
5634:
5626:
5620:Abditosaurus
5618:
5597:
5590:
5582:
5575:
5567:
5559:
5552:
5546:Abditosaurus
5544:
5523:
5516:
5508:
5501:
5478:Tapuiasaurus
5476:
5468:
5461:
5441:
5436:Titanomachya
5434:
5427:
5405:Puertasaurus
5403:
5396:
5391:Notocolossus
5389:
5382:
5376:Jiangxititan
5374:
5367:
5359:
5354:Drusilasaura
5352:
5345:
5338:Lognkosauria
5321:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5293:
5286:
5279:
5272:Aeolosaurini
5261:Rinconsaurus
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5230:
5223:
5212:Rinconsauria
5199:
5193:Tengrisaurus
5191:
5186:Quetecsaurus
5184:
5177:
5169:
5162:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5117:
5110:
5076:
5069:
5064:Lohuecotitan
5062:
5055:
5050:Garrigatitan
5048:
5041:
5036:Ampelosaurus
5034:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4990:Uberabatitan
4988:
4983:Sonidosaurus
4981:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4954:Tengrisaurus
4952:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4925:Rapetosaurus
4923:
4916:
4909:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4880:
4873:
4866:
4861:Malawisaurus
4859:
4851:
4844:
4836:
4829:
4822:
4815:
4807:
4802:Huabeisaurus
4800:
4793:
4786:
4778:
4771:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4744:Choconsaurus
4742:
4737:Brasilotitan
4735:
4728:
4720:
4712:
4705:
4698:
4691:
4686:Atacamatitan
4684:
4679:Argyrosaurus
4677:
4670:
4662:
4655:
4647:
4642:Abdarainurus
4640:
4624:Titanosauria
4611:Titanosauria
4580:
4539:Titanosauria
4523:Wintonotitan
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4493:
4469:
4464:Yongjinglong
4462:
4455:
4450:Tambatitanis
4448:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4419:
4414:Huanghetitan
4412:
4407:Huabeisaurus
4405:
4398:
4393:Gannansaurus
4391:
4384:
4377:
4371:Chiayusaurus
4369:
4361:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4277:
4270:
4265:Jiutaisaurus
4263:
4257:Jiangxititan
4255:
4250:Garumbatitan
4248:
4241:
4234:
4229:Dongbeititan
4227:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4201:Austrosaurus
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4154:
4149:Venenosaurus
4147:
4140:
4135:Sonorasaurus
4133:
4126:
4121:Giraffatitan
4119:
4111:
4106:Cedarosaurus
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4062:
4057:Pelorosaurus
4055:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
3983:
3978:Camarasaurus
3976:
3956:
3950:Haestasaurus
3948:
3943:Europasaurus
3941:
3933:
3926:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3797:
3791:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:Diplodocinae
3751:Brontosaurus
3749:
3741:
3734:
3728:Amphicoelias
3726:
3710:Diplodocidae
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3635:Bajadasaurus
3633:
3626:
3621:Amargasaurus
3619:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3528:Rayososaurus
3526:
3519:
3512:
3485:Zapalasaurus
3483:
3478:Xenoposeidon
3476:
3469:
3462:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3432:
3425:
3420:Campananeyen
3418:
3413:Amazonsaurus
3411:
3404:
3369:
3310:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3176:Neosauropoda
3163:
3156:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3097:
3091:Haestasaurus
3089:
3081:
3074:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2940:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2899:Patagosaurus
2897:
2889:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2849:Volkheimeria
2847:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2821:Perijasaurus
2819:
2814:Nebulasaurus
2812:
2805:
2798:
2793:Dystrophaeus
2791:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2765:Barapasaurus
2763:
2756:
2751:Asiatosaurus
2749:
2742:
2712:
2705:
2684:
2676:
2671:Rhoetosaurus
2669:
2662:
2655:
2647:
2615:Lessemsaurus
2613:
2606:
2599:
2594:Antetonitrus
2592:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2549:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2443:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2285:
2280:Yizhousaurus
2278:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2241:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2168:Ignavusaurus
2166:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2125:
2118:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2072:Ignavusaurus
2070:
2063:
2056:
2028:Yimenosaurus
2026:
2021:Plateosaurus
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1973:Xixiposaurus
1971:
1964:
1957:
1945:Plateosauria
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:Unaysauridae
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1851:
1817:
1809:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1732:Guaibasaurus
1730:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1595:
1586:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1488:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1373:
1369:
1225:
1224:
1208:
1207:
1184:
1183:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1103:
1102:
1070:
1069:
1053:
1052:
1022:
1021:
998:
997:
985:Diplodocinae
933:
932:
916:
915:
892:
891:
868:
867:
835:
834:
818:
817:
786:Diplodocidae
774:
768:
762:
747:
745:
740:
719:
711:
709:
693:neural spine
682:
676:skeleton in
673:
654:
650:
647:
638:
634:
630:
626:
624:type species
617:
613:
606:Kimmeridgian
597:
595:
590:
586:
578:
572:Roger Benson
559:
557:
552:
548:
532:
530:
517:
513:
503:
491:
489:
484:
483:in 2015 and
480:
476:
472:
448:
446:
440:
439:specimen of
416:
409:Kimmeridgian
396:
381:
380:
379:
365:
364:
345:
334:
312:
311:
302:Type species
292:
285:
284:
272:Diplodocinae
259:Diplodocidae
223:
207:
194:
181:
126:
24:
18:
5937:Diplodocids
5764:Microcoelus
5672:Saltasaurus
5658:Paralititan
5554:Alamosaurus
5443:Udelartitan
5398:Patagotitan
5295:Bravasaurus
5288:Arrudatitan
5281:Aeolosaurus
5247:Overosaurus
5179:Jainosaurus
5157:Bonitasaura
5078:Paludititan
4969:Traukutitan
4664:Angolatitan
4471:Yunmenglong
4436:Qiaowanlong
4329:Sibirotitan
4294:Oceanotitan
4236:Europatitan
4215:Brontomerus
4208:Brohisaurus
4180:Angolatitan
4113:Galvesaurus
4085:Abydosaurus
4050:Ornithopsis
4043:Fusuisaurus
4029:Eucamerotus
3928:Daanosaurus
3913:Aragosaurus
3814:Supersaurus
3736:Apatosaurus
3699:Tharosaurus
3570:Nigersaurus
3521:Limaysaurus
3282:Ultrasaurus
3158:Turiasaurus
3121:Moabosaurus
3114:Mierasaurus
3083:Bellusaurus
3067:Turiasauria
3007:Qijianglong
2971:Hudiesaurus
2949:Datousaurus
2869:Cetiosaurus
2828:Shunosaurus
2772:Bellusaurus
2744:Algoasaurus
2730:Eusauropoda
2678:Sanpasaurus
2631:Gravisauria
2551:Pulanesaura
2536:Isanosaurus
2508:Amygdalodon
2374:Pulanesaura
2332:Irisosaurus
2318:Anchisaurus
2298:Anchisauria
2272:Xingxiulong
2218:Xingxiulong
2211:Sarahsaurus
2127:Riojasaurus
2093:Sarahsaurus
2079:Kholumolumo
1922:Macrocollum
1860:Asylosaurus
1796:Nhandumirim
1773:Buriolestes
1739:Mbiresaurus
1711:Buriolestes
697:neural arch
665:Description
633:but not to
453:Garden Park
265:Subfamily:
5931:Categories
5885:Galeamopus
5665:Rocasaurus
5592:Qunkasaura
5561:Baurutitan
5323:Shingopana
5150:Baalsaurus
4997:Volgatitan
4932:Rukwatitan
4896:Nullotitan
4882:Ninjatitan
4817:Kaijutitan
4788:Gandititan
4751:Daxiatitan
4714:Baurutitan
4657:Andesaurus
4548:see below↓
4243:Fukuititan
4187:Arkharavia
4142:Soriatitan
4092:Atlasaurus
4064:Rugocaudia
4022:Duriatitan
3958:Yuzhoulong
3906:Abrosaurus
3888:Macronaria
3875:Macronaria
3799:Kaatedocus
3792:Galeamopus
3785:Diplodocus
3771:Barosaurus
3678:Pilmatueia
3671:Lingwulong
3664:Kaatedocus
3584:Tataouinea
3496:Khebbashia
3471:Sidersaura
3201:Macronaria
3151:Tendaguria
3135:Oplosaurus
3099:Janenschia
3000:Omeisaurus
2876:Chebsaurus
2800:Janenschia
2714:Vulcanodon
2657:Kotasaurus
2608:Ledumahadi
2401:see below↓
2360:Meroktenos
2176:Leyesaurus
2065:Gyposaurus
1929:Unaysaurus
1888:Pantydraco
1853:Arcusaurus
1819:Saturnalia
1652:see below↓
1600:Dinosauria
1582:Sauropsida
1513:: 225–264.
1503:Diplodocus
1489:Diplodocus
1326:References
775:Galeamopus
748:Galeamopus
651:Galeamopus
639:Galeamopus
631:Galeamopus
583:accusative
560:Galeamopus
549:Diplodocus
543:during an
533:Galeamopus
514:Diplodocus
505:Diplodocus
492:Galeamopus
481:Galeamopus
473:Diplodocus
449:Galeamopus
387:diplodocid
382:Galeamopus
367:Diplodocus
286:Galeamopus
201:Saurischia
188:Dinosauria
25:Galeamopus
5900:Q19767736
5628:Bonatitan
5510:Isisaurus
5316:Punatitan
4795:Hamititan
4773:Elaltitan
4722:Bonatitan
4443:Silutitan
4400:Gobititan
4386:Euhelopus
4128:Lusotitan
3821:Tornieria
3807:Leinkupal
3692:Suuwassea
3406:Agustinia
3254:Dinodocus
3247:Cardiodon
2978:Jingiella
2927:Anhuilong
2490:Sauropoda
2477:Sauropoda
2392:Sauropoda
2367:Mussaurus
2325:Camelotia
2204:Pradhania
2044:Massopoda
1811:Panphagia
1753:Panphagia
1568:Kingdom:
1444:: e3179.
771:cladogram
674:G. pabsti
655:G. pabsti
653:species,
487:in 2017.
393:dinosaurs
346:G. pabsti
233:Sauropoda
161:Kingdom:
155:Eukaryota
5894:Wikidata
5636:Ibirania
5302:Caieiria
5112:Inawentu
4315:Ruixinia
4156:Vouivria
4015:Astrodon
3268:Neosodon
2758:Bagualia
2601:Ingentia
2311:Aardonyx
2258:Qianlong
2086:Musankwa
2058:Gryponyx
1966:Ruehleia
1881:Nambalia
1874:Efraasia
1781:Eoraptor
1718:Eoraptor
1576:Chordata
1574:Phylum:
1570:Animalia
1505:Marsh".
1470:28480132
1402:25870766
1376:: e857.
1314:See also
691:, has a
610:holotype
598:HMNS 175
531:Another
524:honored
457:Colorado
437:holotype
421:Colorado
390:sauropod
358:Synonyms
324:Species
291:Tschopp
252:Family:
175:Chordata
171:Phylum:
165:Animalia
151:Domain:
125:Mounted
4672:Arackar
3076:Amanzia
2920:Analong
2807:Jobaria
2265:Seitaad
1580:Class:
1461:5417106
1393:4393826
987:
800:
788:
763:G. hayi
741:G. hayi
730:humerus
627:D. hayi
622:of the
541:Wyoming
427:History
413:Wyoming
335:G. hayi
278:Genus:
127:G. hayi
105:↓
5914:319102
5201:Vahiny
4962:Tiamat
4379:Erketu
2197:Ngwevu
1468:
1458:
1400:
1390:
983:
796:
784:
616:, the
581:, the
579:galeam
403:lower
295:, 2015
293:et al.
1596:Clade
1587:Clade
1438:PeerJ
1370:PeerJ
689:atlas
587:galea
576:Latin
477:et al
224:Clade
208:Clade
195:Clade
182:Clade
5503:Igai
2007:Issi
1629:see
1466:PMID
1398:PMID
769:The
726:ulna
701:axis
591:opus
570:and
369:hayi
44:PreꞒ
3165:Zby
1456:PMC
1446:doi
1388:PMC
1378:doi
612:of
585:of
562:by
528:.
508:by
5933::
5911::
5896::
1598::
1589::
1509:.
1478:^
1464:.
1454:.
1440:.
1436:.
1410:^
1396:.
1386:.
1372:.
1368:.
1334:^
661:.
566:,
555:.
539:,
516:,
463:,
455:,
226::
210::
197::
184::
94:Pg
38:Ma
33:,
5774:?
5759:?
5716:?
5646:?
5631:?
5623:?
5602:?
5587:?
5572:?
5564:?
5549:?
5528:?
5513:?
5481:?
5473:?
5379:?
5364:?
5235:?
5196:?
5174:?
5014:?
4957:?
4949:?
4906:?
4856:?
4841:?
4812:?
4783:?
4768:?
4725:?
4717:?
4667:?
4652:?
4526:?
4424:?
4374:?
4366:?
4282:?
4260:?
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