707:
241:
113:
689:
698:
1502:
decreases in the order Al > Ga > In and as a result organogallium compounds do not form bridged dimers as organoaluminium compounds do. Organogallium compounds are also less reactive than organoaluminium compounds. They do form stable peroxides. These alkylgalliums are liquids at room
757:
properties. GaP, GaAs, and GaSb can be synthesized by the direct reaction of gallium with elemental phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony. They exhibit higher electrical conductivity than GaN. GaP can also be synthesized by reacting
1503:
temperature, having low melting points, and are quite mobile and flammable. Triphenylgallium is monomeric in solution, but its crystals form chain structures due to weak intermolecluar Ga···C interactions.
2526:
2027:
Uhl, W. and
Halvagar, M. R.; et al. (2009). "Reducing Ga-H and Ga-C Bonds in Close Proximity to Oxidizing Peroxo Groups: Conflicting Properties in Single Molecules".
2062:
2519:
2125:
1731:
Sipos, P. L.; Megyes, T. N.; Berkesi, O. (2008). "The
Structure of Gallium in Strongly Alkaline, Highly Concentrated Gallate Solutions—a Raman and
96:. There are also compounds of gallium with negative oxidation states, ranging from -5 to -1, most of these compounds being magnesium gallides (Mg
3140:
2512:
1997:
1972:
1947:
1866:
1841:
1795:
1712:
1672:
1632:
1136:
When heated to a high temperature, gallium(III) halides react with elemental gallium to form the respective gallium(I) halides. For example,
36:. The +1 oxidation state is also found in some compounds, although it is less common than it is for gallium's heavier congeners
2118:
252:
only at relatively high temperatures. At room temperature, gallium metal is not reactive with air and water because it forms a
668:
56:
into elemental gallium and gallium(III) chloride. Compounds containing Ga–Ga bonds are true gallium(II) compounds, such as
2551:
1172:
At lower temperatures, the equilibrium shifts toward the left and GaCl disproportionates back to elemental gallium and
2634:
3135:
2111:
1564:
20:
1491:
1184:. GaCl can also be produced by reacting Ga with HCl at 950 °C; the product can be condensed as a red solid.
2792:
2148:
2447:
2440:
1829:
1559:
1481:
1236:, are actually adducts of gallium(I) halides with the respective gallium(III) halides, having the structure
253:
3062:
2995:
2625:
2423:
2313:
1531:
1506:
Gallium trichloride is a common starting reagent for the formation of organogallium compounds, such as in
1487:
158:
622:, the latter of which is produced from the former by heating to 1000 °C under a stream of nitrogen.
3102:
3097:
2399:
2292:
2216:
2056:
1335:
913:
619:
706:
3005:
2775:
2387:
2341:
2321:
2276:
2211:
1912:
1049:
406:
121:
3092:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3042:
3000:
2814:
2788:
2780:
2724:
2621:
2616:
2574:
2300:
2284:
2206:
1579:
1569:
1072:
1020:
615:
57:
3052:
3015:
3010:
2970:
2912:
2900:
2842:
2824:
2744:
2734:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2599:
2589:
2547:
2375:
2370:
2190:
1766:
746:
265:
53:
1048:, with a melting point of 78 °C. Equivalent compounds are formed with bromine and iodine,
112:
3067:
3057:
3023:
2892:
2868:
2858:
2847:
2761:
2739:
2729:
2630:
2569:
2365:
2357:
2044:
1993:
1968:
1943:
1862:
1837:
1791:
1708:
1704:
1668:
1628:
1527:
1452:
929:
895:
738:
3087:
3034:
2990:
2917:
2863:
2819:
2797:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2642:
2611:
2594:
2584:
2562:
2467:
2251:
2171:
2089:
2036:
1920:
1758:
1574:
742:
431:
368:
311:
240:
1538:
allow two ligands to be attached to the central gallium atom in a bent sandwich structure.
2905:
2650:
2579:
2479:
2411:
2329:
2308:
2232:
2185:
2180:
1507:
885:
722:
33:
1187:
Gallium(I) compounds can be stabilized by forming adducts with Lewis acids. For example:
1916:
2887:
2876:
2714:
2690:
2604:
1382:
430:, has 3 possible crystal modifications. It can be made by the reaction of gallium with
341:
715:
Gallium nitride (left), gallium phosphide (middle) and gallium arsenide (right) wafers
3129:
1924:
1697:
1515:
754:
345:
310:
with elemental gallium in vacuum at 500 °C to 700 °C yields the dark brown
1770:
2831:
2751:
2657:
891:
750:
1101:, reacting as halide acceptors with alkali metal halides to form salts containing
220:, also dissolves in alkali to form gallate salts. Although earlier work suggested
1785:
2504:
1118:
1027:
gas. Unlike the trifluoride, gallium(III) chloride exists as dimeric molecules,
928:. It is an ionic compound strongly insoluble in water. However, it dissolves in
201:
1762:
1535:
1499:
1114:
1098:
726:
672:
217:
2264:
1468:
Gallane is unstable above −10 °C, decomposing to elemental gallium and
1443:
1297:
249:
193:
2093:
2048:
2040:
1542:
is even less bulky and allows the formation of dimers: an example is ·3C
1530:. Because this ligand is quite bulky, the structure of the is that of a
1495:
1469:
1448:
1024:
899:
734:
608:
48:
contains both gallium(I) and gallium(III) and can be formulated as GaGaCl
41:
1882:
Krausbauer, L.; Nitsche, R.; Wild, P. (1965). "Mercury gallium sulfide,
688:
2256:
1539:
1511:
1451:, having two hydrogen atoms bridging the two gallium centers, unlike α-
1318:
1301:
775:
730:
174:
144:
29:
16:
Any chemical compound having at least one gallium atom in its structure
697:
933:
261:
69:
37:
2103:
260:
layer. At higher temperatures, however, it reacts with atmospheric
232:
as another possible gallate anion, it was not found in later work.
1523:
257:
239:
147:
solutions of gallium(III) salts contain the hydrated gallium ion,
120:
Strong acids dissolve gallium, forming gallium(III) salts such as
111:
1518:
to form the trigonal planar gallium cyclopentadienyl complex GaCp
1988:
Downs, Anthony J.; Pulham, Colin R. (1994). Sykes, A. G. (ed.).
873:
2508:
2107:
1623:
Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold
Frederick (2001).
614:
Gallium also forms sulfides in lower oxidation states, such as
1097:
Like the other group 13 trihalides, gallium(III) halides are
52:; in contrast, the monochloride is unstable above 0 °C,
830:
Similar compounds with phosphorus and arsenic are possible:
173:, may be precipitated from gallium(III) solutions by adding
382:. It disproportionates at 800 °C back to gallium and
189:
at 100 °C produces gallium oxide hydroxide, GaO(OH).
1790:. Great Britain: Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 71.
1787:
Electrochemistry—Volume 3: Specialist periodical report
1322:, which may be produced by reacting lithium gallanate (
671:
structure. They are all semiconductors but are easily
1784:
Hampson, N. A. (1971). Harold
Reginald Thirsk (ed.).
1665:
Chemistry of aluminium, gallium, indium, and thallium
1486:
Organogallium compounds are of similar reactivity to
573:
anion. Strong acids decompose these salts, releasing
721:
Gallium reacts with ammonia at 1050 °C to form
2439:
2244:
2225:
2199:
2164:
2141:
1465:in which aluminium has a coordination number of 6.
1113:anions, where X is a halogen. They also react with
749:(GaSb). These compounds have the same structure as
1992:. Vol. 41. Academic Press. pp. 198–199.
1834:Advances in inorganic chemistry and radiochemistry
1696:
1447:) is formed as a gas. Its structure is similar to
872:. These compounds are easily hydrolyzed by dilute
525:Reacting a mixture of alkali metal carbonates and
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
200:salts (not to be confused with identically named
1967:. Discovery Publishing House. pp. 389–399.
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1023:is formed by the reaction of gallium metal with
725:, GaN. Gallium also forms binary compounds with
32:. These compounds are found primarily in the +3
2013:
2011:
2009:
1836:. Vol. 5. Academic Press. pp. 94–95.
1861:(3rd ed.). Birkhäuser. pp. 276–277.
2520:
2119:
1005:, which can then be heated to form anhydrous
8:
2061:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
958:. Attempting to dehydrate this adduct forms
1510:reactions. Gallium trichloride reacts with
2527:
2513:
2505:
2436:
2126:
2112:
2104:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
984:. The adduct reacts with ammonia to form
1498:compounds. Alkylgalliums are monomeric.
1726:
1724:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1591:
2557:
2054:
2976:
2082:European Journal of Organic Chemistry
1224:The so-called "gallium(II) halides",
771:with phosphorus at low temperatures.
28:are compounds containing the element
7:
2543:
196:solutions dissolve gallium, forming
1420:. If no solvent is used, the dimer
216:anion. Gallium hydroxide, which is
44:. For example, the very stable GaCl
2017:Greenwoood and Earnshaw, pp. 262–5
1522:. Gallium(I) forms complexes with
1494:compounds, but more reactive than
586:in the process. The mercury salt,
14:
447:) at 950 °C. Alternatively,
1965:Text Book Of Inorganic Chemistry
705:
696:
687:
625:The other binary chalcogenides,
1990:Advances in Inorganic Chemistry
890:Gallium(III) oxide reacts with
1699:Concise encyclopedia chemistry
1598:Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 240
1490:compounds, less reactive than
60:(which can be formulated as Ga
1:
3141:Chemical compounds by element
2535:Chemical compounds by element
2029:Chemistry: A European Journal
1859:Semiconductors: data handbook
1703:. Walter de Gruyter. p.
1534:. Less bulky ligands such as
2441:Organogallium(III) compounds
1925:10.1016/0031-8914(65)90110-2
1695:Eagleson, Mary, ed. (1994).
1663:Downs, Anthony John (1993).
459:can be used at 747 °C:
1942:. Lotus Press. p. 90.
1749:-NMR Spectroscopic Study".
116:Gallium nitrate nonahydrate
3157:
2978:
2076:Amemiya, Ryo (2005). "GaCl
1938:Michelle Davidson (2006).
1857:Madelung, Otfried (2004).
1565:Category:Gallium compounds
1479:
883:
675:and have limited utility.
559:leads to the formation of
244:A gallium trioxide crystal
21:Category:Gallium compounds
18:
2559:
2540:
1832:; Alan G. Sharpe (eds.).
1828:Greenwood, N. N. (1962).
1763:10.1007/s10953-008-9314-y
248:Gallium reacts with the
236:Oxides and chalcogenides
2080:in Organic Synthesis".
1560:Organogallium chemistry
1482:Organogallium chemistry
1476:Organogallium compounds
1300:, gallium also forms a
1148:reacts with Ga to form
932:, in which it forms an
2094:10.1002/ejoc.200500512
2041:10.1002/chem.200900746
774:Gallium forms ternary
679:Nitrides and pnictides
344:, capable of reducing
245:
204:salts) containing the
159:Gallium(III) hydroxide
117:
1514:cyclopentadienide in
1336:gallium(III) chloride
914:gallium(III) fluoride
753:, and have important
243:
115:
1963:Arora, Amit (2005).
1830:Harry Julius Emeléus
407:Gallium(III) sulfide
2035:(42): 11298–11306.
1940:Inorganic Chemistry
1917:1965Phy....31..113K
1903:, a new phosphor".
1625:Inorganic chemistry
1580:Germanium compounds
1570:Aluminium compounds
1381:In the presence of
1021:Gallium trichloride
892:fluorinating agents
616:gallium(II) sulfide
607:, can be used as a
143:(gallium nitrate).
1627:. Academic Press.
747:gallium antimonide
620:gallium(I) sulfide
266:gallium(III) oxide
246:
118:
54:disproportionating
3136:Gallium compounds
3123:
3122:
3117:
3116:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2135:Gallium compounds
2088:(24): 5145–5150.
1999:978-0-12-023641-1
1974:978-81-8356-013-9
1949:978-81-89093-39-6
1868:978-3-540-40488-0
1843:978-0-12-023605-3
1797:978-0-85186-027-5
1757:(10): 1411–1418.
1714:978-3-11-011451-5
1674:978-0-7514-0103-5
1634:978-0-12-352651-9
1528:hexamethylbenzene
930:hydrofluoric acid
739:gallium phosphide
340:is a very strong
108:Aqueous chemistry
26:Gallium compounds
3148:
2544:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2506:
2437:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2105:
2098:
2097:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2052:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2004:
2003:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1825:
1802:
1801:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1719:
1718:
1702:
1692:
1679:
1678:
1660:
1639:
1638:
1620:
1599:
1596:
1575:Indium compounds
1526:ligands such as
1463:
1462:
1461:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1430:
1429:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1338:at −30 °C:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1037:
1036:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1004:
1003:
1002:
994:
993:
983:
981:
980:
968:
967:
957:
955:
954:
946:
945:
927:
926:
925:
910:
909:
908:
871:
870:
869:
861:
860:
850:
849:
848:
840:
839:
826:
825:
824:
816:
815:
805:
804:
803:
793:
791:
790:
770:
768:
767:
743:gallium arsenide
709:
700:
691:
666:
665:
664:
656:
655:
645:
644:
643:
635:
634:
606:
605:
604:
596:
595:
585:
583:
582:
572:
571:
570:
558:
556:
555:
545:
544:
543:
535:
534:
521:
519:
518:
508:
507:
506:
498:
497:
487:
485:
484:
474:
473:
472:
458:
457:
456:
446:
444:
443:
432:hydrogen sulfide
429:
428:
427:
419:
418:
402:
401:
400:
392:
391:
380:
378:
377:
365:
364:
363:
355:
354:
339:
337:
336:
326:
324:
323:
312:gallium(I) oxide
309:
308:
307:
299:
298:
288:
287:
286:
278:
277:
231:
230:
229:
215:
214:
213:
188:
187:
186:
172:
171:
170:
156:
155:
154:
141:
140:
139:
131:
130:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3118:
2791:
2693:
2633:
2624:
2550:
2536:
2533:
2503:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2475:
2471:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2361:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2325:
2317:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2268:
2260:
2240:
2236:
2221:
2195:
2175:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2137:
2132:
2102:
2101:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2053:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2007:
2000:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1950:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1827:
1826:
1805:
1798:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1751:J Solution Chem
1745:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1694:
1693:
1682:
1675:
1662:
1661:
1642:
1635:
1622:
1621:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1556:
1549:
1545:
1521:
1492:organoaluminium
1484:
1478:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:polymerizes to
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1294:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1254:. For example:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1149:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
992:
989:
988:
987:
985:
979:
976:
975:
974:
966:
963:
962:
961:
959:
953:
950:
949:
948:
944:
941:
940:
939:
937:
924:
921:
920:
919:
917:
907:
904:
903:
902:
900:
888:
886:Gallium halides
882:
868:
865:
864:
863:
859:
856:
855:
854:
852:
847:
844:
843:
842:
838:
835:
834:
833:
831:
823:
820:
819:
818:
814:
811:
810:
809:
807:
802:
799:
798:
797:
795:
789:
786:
785:
784:
782:
778:; for example:
766:
763:
762:
761:
759:
723:gallium nitride
719:
718:
717:
716:
712:
711:
710:
702:
701:
693:
692:
681:
663:
660:
659:
658:
654:
651:
650:
649:
647:
642:
639:
638:
637:
633:
630:
629:
628:
626:
603:
600:
599:
598:
594:
591:
590:
589:
587:
581:
578:
577:
576:
574:
569:
567:
566:
565:
564:
563:containing the
554:
551:
550:
549:
547:
542:
539:
538:
537:
533:
530:
529:
528:
526:
517:
514:
513:
512:
510:
505:
502:
501:
500:
496:
493:
492:
491:
489:
483:
480:
479:
478:
476:
471:
468:
467:
466:
464:
455:
452:
451:
450:
448:
442:
439:
438:
437:
435:
426:
423:
422:
421:
417:
414:
413:
412:
410:
399:
396:
395:
394:
390:
387:
386:
385:
383:
376:
373:
372:
371:
369:
362:
359:
358:
357:
353:
350:
349:
348:
346:
335:
332:
331:
330:
328:
322:
319:
318:
317:
315:
306:
303:
302:
301:
297:
294:
293:
292:
290:
285:
282:
281:
280:
276:
273:
272:
271:
269:
238:
228:
225:
224:
223:
221:
212:
209:
208:
207:
205:
185:
182:
181:
180:
178:
169:
166:
165:
164:
162:
153:
151:
150:
149:
148:
138:
135:
134:
133:
129:
126:
125:
124:
122:
110:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
67:
63:
51:
47:
34:oxidation state
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3154:
3152:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3128:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3037:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3021:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2874:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2795:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2688:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2227:
2226:Gallium(I,III)
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2099:
2077:
2068:
2019:
2005:
1998:
1980:
1973:
1955:
1948:
1930:
1911:(1): 113–121.
1897:
1888:
1874:
1867:
1849:
1842:
1803:
1796:
1776:
1744:
1736:
1720:
1713:
1680:
1673:
1640:
1633:
1600:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1519:
1508:carbogallation
1496:organothallium
1480:Main article:
1477:
1474:
1458:
1435:
1426:
1412:
1403:
1391:
1383:dimethyl ether
1379:
1378:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1328:
1310:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1264:
1249:
1242:
1230:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1209:
1197:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1162:
1142:
1127:
1107:
1087:
1078:
1064:
1055:
1042:
1033:
1011:
999:
990:
977:
964:
951:
942:
922:
905:
884:Main article:
881:
878:
866:
857:
845:
836:
828:
827:
821:
812:
800:
787:
764:
755:semiconducting
714:
713:
704:
703:
695:
694:
686:
685:
684:
683:
682:
680:
677:
661:
652:
640:
631:
618:and the green
601:
592:
579:
568:
552:
540:
531:
523:
522:
515:
503:
494:
481:
469:
453:
440:
424:
415:
397:
388:
374:
360:
351:
342:reducing agent
333:
320:
304:
295:
283:
274:
237:
234:
226:
210:
183:
177:. Dehydrating
167:
152:
136:
127:
109:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
65:
61:
49:
45:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3153:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2539:
2530:
2525:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2492:
2478:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2422:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2398:
2396:
2386:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2340:
2338:
2328:
2326:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2072:
2069:
2064:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1780:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1670:
1666:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:half-sandwich
1529:
1525:
1517:
1516:diethyl ether
1513:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1500:Lewis acidity
1497:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1415:
1384:
1366:→ 3 LiCl + 4
1341:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1321:
1320:
1303:
1299:
1291:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1134:
1120:
1116:
1115:alkyl halides
1100:
1095:
1093:
1070:
1026:
1022:
1018:
972:
935:
931:
915:
911:
897:
893:
887:
879:
877:
875:
781:
780:
779:
777:
772:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
708:
699:
690:
678:
676:
674:
670:
623:
621:
617:
612:
610:
562:
462:
461:
460:
433:
408:
404:
381:
366:
343:
313:
267:
263:
259:
256:, protective
255:
251:
242:
235:
233:
219:
203:
199:
195:
190:
176:
160:
146:
142:
114:
107:
105:
71:
59:
55:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
22:
2719:
2245:Gallium(III)
2134:
2085:
2081:
2071:
2057:cite journal
2032:
2028:
2022:
1989:
1983:
1964:
1958:
1939:
1933:
1908:
1904:
1877:
1858:
1852:
1833:
1786:
1779:
1754:
1750:
1698:
1667:. Springer.
1664:
1624:
1594:
1505:
1488:organoindium
1485:
1467:
1442:
1413:
1385:as solvent,
1380:
1317:
1295:
1223:
1186:
1171:
1168:⇌ 3 GaCl (g)
1135:
1119:carbocations
1096:
1019:
970:
936:with water,
889:
829:
773:
745:(GaAs), and
720:
624:
613:
561:thiogallates
560:
524:
405:
247:
197:
191:
119:
25:
24:
2695:High-valent
2200:Gallium(II)
2142:Gallium(-V)
1316:, known as
1099:Lewis acids
876:and water.
667:, have the
289:. Reducing
202:gallic acid
3130:Categories
2165:Gallium(I)
1586:References
1536:mesitylene
727:phosphorus
673:hydrolysed
669:zincblende
250:chalcogens
218:amphoteric
72:complex Ga
68:) and the
19:See also:
2635:Binary Si
1444:digallane
1298:aluminium
194:hydroxide
192:Alkaline
2552:Binary H
2049:19780106
1771:95723025
1554:See also
1470:hydrogen
1449:diborane
1292:Hydrides
1117:to form
1025:chlorine
912:to form
894:such as
776:nitrides
735:antimony
609:phosphor
264:to form
42:thallium
2979:
2793:Pd(III)
1913:Bibcode
1905:Physica
1540:Benzene
1512:lithium
1334:) with
1319:gallane
1302:hydride
1258:GaCl +
1191:GaCl +
1156:2 Ga +
880:Halides
741:(GaP),
731:arsenic
254:passive
198:gallate
175:ammonia
145:Aqueous
30:gallium
2322:Ga(CN)
2314:Ga(OH)
2047:
1996:
1971:
1946:
1865:
1840:
1794:
1769:
1711:
1671:
1631:
934:adduct
733:, and
465:Ga(OH)
449:Ga(OH)
262:oxygen
222:Ga(OH)
206:Ga(OH)
179:Ga(OH)
163:Ga(OH)
70:dioxan
38:indium
2626:Al(I)
2468:Ga(CH
2412:Ga(CH
2330:Ga(NO
1767:S2CID
1524:arene
1344:LiGaH
1324:LiGaH
1296:Like
874:acids
546:with
258:oxide
123:Ga(NO
2480:Ga(C
2448:Ga(C
2416:COO)
2371:GaSb
2358:GaPO
2285:GaCl
2277:GaBr
2252:GaAs
2233:GaCl
2217:GaTe
2212:GaSe
2186:GaBr
2181:GaCl
2086:2005
2063:link
2045:PMID
1994:ISBN
1969:ISBN
1944:ISBN
1884:HgGa
1863:ISBN
1838:ISBN
1792:ISBN
1709:ISBN
1669:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1399:(GaH
1356:GaCl
1260:GaCl
1193:AlCl
1174:GaCl
1158:GaCl
1150:GaCl
1138:GaCl
1121:and
1071:and
995:·3NH
862:GaAs
851:and
646:and
588:HgGa
509:+ 6
475:+ 3
40:and
3113:No
3110:Md
3107:Fm
3049:**
3039:Tm
3031:Ho
3028:Dy
3020:Gd
2987:La
2967:Ts
2964:Lv
2961:Mc
2958:Fl
2955:Nh
2952:Cn
2949:Rg
2946:Ds
2943:Mt
2940:Hs
2937:Bh
2934:Sg
2931:Db
2928:Rf
2925:Lr
2922:**
2897:Po
2884:Tl
2881:Hg
2873:Pt
2852:Ta
2836:Ba
2811:Sb
2808:Sn
2805:In
2802:Cd
2785:Rh
2772:Mo
2769:Nb
2766:Zr
2756:Sr
2687:Mn
2662:Ca
2647:Cl
2366:GaP
2346:(SO
2309:GaN
2301:GaI
2293:GaF
2257:GaH
2207:GaS
2191:GaI
2090:doi
2037:doi
1921:doi
1759:doi
1705:438
1454:AlH
1387:GaH
1368:GaH
1306:GaH
1226:GaX
1123:GaX
1103:GaX
1007:GaF
986:GaF
969:OH·
960:GaF
947:·3H
938:GaF
918:GaF
898:or
841:GaP
817:GaN
751:ZnS
367:to
104:).
64:(S)
58:GaS
3132::
3103:Es
3098:Cf
3093:Bk
3088:Cm
3083:Am
3078:Pu
3073:Np
3063:Pa
3058:Th
3053:Ac
3043:Yb
3035:Er
3024:Tb
3016:Eu
3011:Sm
3006:Pm
3001:Nd
2996:Pr
2991:Ce
2984:*
2971:Og
2918:Ra
2913:Fr
2906:Rn
2901:At
2893:Bi
2888:Pb
2877:Au
2869:Ir
2864:Os
2859:Re
2855:W
2848:Hf
2843:Lu
2839:*
2832:Cs
2825:Xe
2815:Te
2798:Ag
2789:Pd
2781:Ru
2776:Tc
2752:Rb
2745:Kr
2740:Br
2735:Se
2730:As
2725:Ge
2720:Ga
2715:Zn
2710:Cu
2705:Ni
2700:Co
2691:Fe
2683:Cr
2673:Ti
2668:Sc
2651:Ar
2639:P
2631:Si
2622:Al
2617:Mg
2612:Na
2605:Ne
2575:Be
2570:Li
2563:He
2428:Te
2424:Ga
2404:Se
2400:Ga
2388:Ga
2376:Ga
2342:Ga
2265:Ga
2172:Ga
2153:Ga
2149:Mg
2084:.
2059:}}
2055:{{
2043:.
2033:15
2031:.
2008:^
1919:.
1909:31
1907:.
1806:^
1765:.
1755:37
1753:.
1740:Ga
1723:^
1707:.
1683:^
1643:^
1603:^
1550:.
1472:.
1422:Ga
1354:+
1342:3
1304:,
1272:Ga
1270:→
1238:Ga
1205:Ga
1203:→
1152::
1133:.
1094:.
1074:Ga
1060:Br
1051:Ga
1038:Cl
1029:Ga
1017:.
916:,
896:HF
853:Li
832:Li
808:Li
806:→
794:+
792:Ga
783:Li
760:Ga
737::
729:,
657:Te
648:Ga
636:Se
627:Ga
611:.
527:Ga
490:Ga
488:→
463:2
411:Ga
409:,
403:.
384:Ga
356:SO
329:Ga
327:.
316:Ga
314:,
291:Ga
270:Ga
268:,
161:,
157:.
100:Ga
80:(C
76:Cl
3068:U
2820:I
2762:Y
2678:V
2658:K
2643:S
2600:F
2595:O
2590:N
2585:C
2580:B
2548:H
2528:e
2521:t
2514:v
2490:3
2488:)
2486:5
2484:H
2482:2
2474:3
2472:)
2470:3
2462:3
2460:)
2458:2
2456:O
2454:7
2452:H
2450:5
2430:3
2426:2
2418:3
2414:3
2406:3
2402:2
2394:3
2392:S
2390:2
2382:3
2380:O
2378:2
2360:4
2352:3
2350:)
2348:4
2344:2
2336:3
2334:)
2332:3
2324:3
2316:3
2303:3
2295:3
2287:3
2279:3
2271:6
2269:H
2267:2
2259:3
2235:2
2176:O
2174:2
2155:2
2151:5
2127:e
2120:t
2113:v
2096:.
2092::
2078:3
2065:)
2051:.
2039::
2002:.
1977:.
1952:.
1927:.
1923::
1915::
1898:4
1893:S
1889:2
1871:.
1846:.
1800:.
1773:.
1761::
1717:.
1677:.
1637:.
1548:6
1546:H
1544:6
1520:3
1459:3
1441:(
1436:6
1431:H
1427:2
1414:n
1408:)
1404:3
1392:3
1373:3
1361:3
1349:4
1329:4
1311:3
1265:3
1231:2
1198:3
1179:3
1163:3
1143:3
1128:4
1108:4
1088:6
1083:I
1079:2
1065:6
1056:2
1043:6
1034:2
1012:3
1000:3
991:3
982:O
978:2
973:H
971:n
965:2
956:O
952:2
943:3
923:3
906:2
901:F
867:2
858:3
846:2
837:3
822:2
813:3
801:2
796:N
788:3
769:O
765:2
662:3
653:2
641:3
632:2
602:4
597:S
593:2
584:S
580:2
575:H
557:S
553:2
548:H
541:3
536:O
532:2
520:O
516:2
511:H
504:3
499:S
495:2
486:S
482:2
477:H
470:3
454:3
445:S
441:2
436:H
434:(
425:3
420:S
416:2
398:3
393:O
389:2
379:S
375:2
370:H
361:4
352:2
347:H
338:O
334:2
325:O
321:2
305:3
300:O
296:2
284:3
279:O
275:2
227:6
211:4
184:3
168:3
137:3
132:)
128:3
102:y
98:x
94:2
92:)
90:2
88:O
86:8
84:H
82:4
78:4
74:2
66:2
62:2
50:4
46:2
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