3378:
3169:(90.5 °F). Percentage of females in a clutch decreases at constant temperatures between 32.6 and 33 °C (90.7 and 91.4 °F), and of males between 31 and 32.4 °C (87.8 and 90.3 °F). Temperature in natural nests is not constant but varies between nights and days. Foremost females hatch in natural early nests when initial temperature inside nests ranges between 26.4 and 28.9 °C (79.5 and 84.0 °F). The percentage of male hatchlings increases in late nests located in sunny sites. Hatchlings are 26–31 cm (10–12 in) long and weigh 75 g (2.6 oz) on average when one month old. They grow about 4.25 cm (1.67 in) per month and reach a body length of 90–170 cm (35–67 in) when two years old.
2574:
3197:
2606:
2961:
133:
2986:
3211:
1983:
2338:
2059:
2084:
2975:
2104:
2291:
2245:
2624:
194:
2463:
152:
2592:
7186:
3183:
3361:, this leads to conflict with local people living close to mugger habitat. In Maharashtra, local people are compensated for loss of close relatives and livestock. Local people in Baluchestan respect the mugger crocodile as a water living creature and do not harm it. If an individual kills livestock, the owner is compensated for the loss. The mugger crocodile is
2449:
3159:
cycle starts earliest in
November at the onset of the cold season with courtship and mating. Between February and June, females dig 35–56 cm (14–22 in) deep holes for nesting between 1 and 2,000 m (3 ft 3 in and 6,561 ft 8 in) away from the waterside. They lay up to
3014:
when exposed to temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) or above 38 °C (100 °F), respectively. It digs burrows to retreat from extreme temperatures and other harsh climatic conditions. Burrows are between 0.6 and 6 m (2.0 and 19.7 ft) deep, with entrances above the water level
3164:
with 8 –46 eggs each. Eggs weigh 128 g (4.5 oz) on average. Laying of one clutch usually takes less than half an hour. Thereafter, females scrape sand over the nest to close it. Males have been observed to assist females in digging and protecting nest sites. Hatching season is two months
2998:
The mugger crocodile is a powerful swimmer that uses its tail and hind feet to move forward, change direction and submerge. It belly-walks, with its belly touching ground, at the bottom of waterbodies and on land. During the hot dry season, it walks over land at night to find suitable wetlands and
3298:
because of conversion of natural habitats for agricultural and industrial use. As humans encroach into its habitat, the incidents of conflict increase. Muggers are entangled in fishing equipment and drown, and are killed in areas where fishermen perceive them as competition. Major wetlands in
2533:
senses are acute. Adult female muggers are 2 to 2.5 m (6 ft 7 in to 8 ft 2 in) on average; males usually measure 3 to 3.5 m (9 ft 10 in to 11 ft 6 in), but rarely reach a length of 5 m (16 ft 5 in). The two largest known muggers
3168:
Healthy hatchlings develop at a temperature range of 28–33 °C (82–91 °F). Sex ratio of hatched eggs depends on incubation temperature and exposure of nests to sunshine. Only females develop at constant temperatures of 28–31 °C (82–88 °F), and only males at 32.5 °C
3319:. Between 2005 and 2018, 38 mugger crocodiles were victims of traffic accidents on roads and railway tracks in Gujarat; 29 were found dead, four died during treatment, and five were returned to the wild after medical care. In 2017, a dead mugger was found on a railway track in Rajasthan.
3331:, hence international commercial trade is prohibited. It has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1982. By 2013, less than 8,700 mature individuals were estimated to live in the wild and no population unit to comprise more than 1,000 individuals.
2639:
The mugger crocodile occurs in southern Iran, Pakistan, Nepal, India and Sri Lanka up to an elevation of 420 m (1,380 ft). It inhabits freshwater lakes, rivers and marshes, and prefers slow-moving, shallow water bodies. It also thrives in artificial
3103:. In Bardia National Park, a mugger was observed caching a chital kill beneath the roots of a tree and returning to its basking site; a part of the deer was still wedged among the roots on the next day. In the same national park, a mugger caught a
3165:
later, between April and June in south India, and in Sri Lanka between August and
September. Then females excavate the young, pick them up in their snouts and take them to the water. Both females and males protect the young for up to one year.
4069:
Garg, R. L. (1988). "New fossil reptile from the
Siwalik Fossil Park, Saketi, Sirmur District, Himachal Pradesh". In Sastry, M. V. A.; Sastri, V. V.; Ramanujam, C. G. K.; Kapoor, H. M.; Rao, B. R. J.; Satsangi, P. P.; Mathur, U. B. (eds.).
3400:
word for crocodile is मगर 'magar'. In
English language, both names 'mugger' and 'magar' were used around the turn of the 20th century. The names 'marsh crocodile' and 'broad-snouted crocodile' have been used since the late 1930s.
3310:
In
Gujarat, two muggers were found killed, one in 2015 with the tail cut off and internal organs missing; the other in 2017, also with the tail cut off. The missing body parts indicate that the crocodiles were sacrificed in
472:. It rarely reaches a body length of 5 m (16 ft 5 in) and is a powerful swimmer, but also walks on land in search of suitable waterbodies during the hot season. Both young and adult mugger crocodiles dig
4238:
Pan, T.; Miao, J.S.; Zhang, H.B.; Yan, P.; Lee, P.S.; Jiang, X.Y.; Ouyang, J.H.; Deng, Y.P.; Zhang, B.W. & Wu, X.B. (2021). "Near-complete phylogeny of extant
Crocodylia (Reptilia) using mitogenome-based data".
6555:
4155:
Iijima, M.; Takai, M.; Nishioka, Y.; Thaung-Htike; Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein; Egi, N.; Kusuhashi, N.; Tsubamoto, T.; Kono, R. T. & Hirayama, R. (2021). "Taxonomic overview of
Neogene crocodylians in Myanmar".
3368:
A total of 1,193 captive bred muggers were released to restock populations in 28 protected areas in India between 1978 and 1992. Production of new offspring was halted by the Indian
Government in 1994.
3377:
3346:. In Sri Lanka, it was listed in Schedule IV of the Fauna & Flora Protection Ordinance in 1946, which allowed for shooting one crocodile with a permit. Today, it is strictly protected, but
3155:
at a body length of around 1.8–2.2 m (5 ft 11 in – 7 ft 3 in) at the age of about 6.5 years, and males at around 2.6 m (8 ft 6 in) body length. The
476:
to which they retreat when the ambient temperature drops below 5 °C (41 °F) or exceeds 38 °C (100 °F). Females dig holes in the sand as nesting sites and lay up to 46
3015:
and a chamber at the end that is big enough to allow the mugger to turn around. Temperatures inside remains constant at 19.2 to 29 °C (66.6 to 84.2 °F), depending on region.
7551:
3350:
is lacking. In Iran, the mugger crocodile is listed as endangered and has been legally protected since 2013; capturing and killing a crocodile is punished with a fine of 100 million
6026:
Rastegar-Pouyani, N.; Gholamifard, A.; Karamiani, R.; Bahmani, Z.; Mobaraki, A.; Abtin, E.; Faizi, H.; Heidari, N.; Takesh, M.; Sayyadi, F.; Ahsani, N. & Browne, R. K. (2015).
7301:
4444:
Siddiqui, R.; Jeyamogan, S.; Ali, S. M.; Abbas, F.; Sagathevan, K. A. & Khan, N. A. (2017). "Crocodiles and alligators: Antiamoebic and antitumor compounds of crocodiles".
3143:. By balancing sticks and branches on their heads, they lure birds that are looking for nesting material. This strategy is particularly effective during the nesting season.
6550:
3482:
in the 13th century. This place was later walled around, and about 40 mugger crocodiles were kept in the reservoir called Magar Talao in the 1870s; they were fed by both
7455:
7494:
3842:
Hekkala, E.; Gatesy, J.; Narechania, A.; Meredith, R.; Russello, M.; Aardema, M. L.; Jensen, E.; Montanari, S.; Brochu, C.; Norell, M. & Amato, G. (2021).
2479:
around the neck that is well separated from the back. Scutes usually form four, rarely six longitudinal series and 16 or 17 transverse series. The limbs have
2560:
measures 3.7 m (12 ft 2 in). One male mugger caught in
Pakistan of about 3 m (9 ft 10 in) weighed 195 kg (430 lb).
3071:
later on. It seizes and drags potential prey approaching watersides into the water, when the opportunity arises. Adult muggers were observed feeding on a
342:
5379:
Bhatnagar, C. & Mahur, M. (2010). "Observations on feeding behavior of a wild population of marsh crocodile in
Baghdarrah Lake, Udaipur, Rajasthan".
5291:
Halder, N. K. (2003). Crocodile Conservation Plan of the Sundarban Forest (Report). Dhaka: Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Bangladesh.
2475:
Mugger crocodile hatchlings are pale olive with black spots. Adults are dark olive to grey or brown. The head is rough without any ridges and has large
3616:"Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem"
7600:
7048:
4367:
Erickson, G. M.; Gignac, P. M.; Steppan, S. J.; Lappin, A. K.; Vliet, K. A.; Brueggen, J. A.; Inouye, B. D.; Kledzik, D. & Webb, G. J. W. (2012).
7429:
5790:
3730:
3055:
on dead animals. During dry seasons, muggers walk many kilometers over land in search of water and prey. Hatchlings feed mainly on insects such as
7468:
3548:
fibres. Fatal attacks of mugger crocodiles on humans were documented in Gujarat and Maharasthra, but they rarely consumed the victims who died of
4601:
4563:
4525:
2999:
spends most of the day submerged in water. During the cold season it basks on riverbanks, individuals are tolerant of others during this period.
6068:
4743:
Khadka, B. B.; Maharjan, A.; Thapalia, B. P. & Lamichhane, B. R. (2014). "Population Status of the Mugger in Chitwan National Park, Nepal".
7039:
1611:
6532:
7660:
7645:
3899:
2487:
fringes on outer edges, and outer toes are extensively webbed. The snout is slightly longer than broad with 19 upper teeth on each side. The
6087:
6584:
5049:
Lesson, 1831 (Reptilia: Crocodilia: Crocodylidae) in river Saberi of Godavari system in southern Odisha, India: conservation implications"
7655:
3897:
Gatesy, J. & Amato, G. (2008). "The rapid accumulation of consistent molecular support for intergeneric crocodylian relationships".
522:. It was first scientifically described in 1831 and is protected by law in Iran, India and Sri Lanka. Since 1982, it has been listed as
4923:
Taigor, S. R. & Rao, R. J. (2010). "Habitat features of Aquatic animals in the National Chambal Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh, India".
3196:
2573:
5902:
5302:
Lang, J. W. (1987). "Crocodilian behaviour: implications for management". In Webb, G. J. W.; Manolis, S. C.; Whitehead, P. J. (eds.).
4004:
3528:
yield of their cows. They carve wooden statues symbolising Mogra Dev and mount them on poles. Their offerings during the installation
2605:
3223:
The distribution of the mugger crocodile overlaps with that of the saltwater crocodile in a few coastal areas, but it barely enters
2557:
597:
4369:"Insights into the ecology and evolutionary success of crocodilians revealed through bite-force and tooth-pressure experimentation"
2534:
measured 5.63 m (18 ft 6 in) and were killed in Sri Lanka. One individual weighing 207 kg (456 lb) had a
7572:
7321:
5184:
Whitaker, N. & Srinivasan, M. (2020). "Human crocodile conflict on the Cauvery river delta region, Tamil Nadu, south India".
7222:
3270:) occasionally fights mugger crocodiles off prey and rarely preys on adult mugger crocodiles in Ranthambore National Park. The
2805:
2655:
593:
5169:
Sivaperuman, C. & Jayson, E. A. (2013). "An assessment of human-crocodile conflicts in Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, India".
7640:
6478:
5138:"Population trends of Mugger Crocodile and human-crocodile interactions along the Savitri River at Mahad, Maharashtra, India"
3594:
2698:
7473:
5919:
3139:
Mugger crocodiles have been documented using lures to hunt birds. This means they are among the first reptiles recorded to
7665:
7625:
6488:
6139:
Two years in the jungle : the experiences of a hunter and naturalist in India, Ceylon, the Malay Peninsula and Borneo
6112:
5994:
3335:
1719:
7615:
4058:. 10. Indian Tertiary and post-Tertiary vertebrata. Vol. III. Calcutta: Geological Survey Office. pp. 209–240.
3347:
2960:
2809:
2737:
132:
539:
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7278:
2869:
6540:
6327:
Mogra Dev, Tribal Crocodile Gods: Wooden Crocodile Images of Chodhri, Gamit, and Vasava Tribes, South Gujarat (India)
331:
2693:; in the winter of 2007–08, 99 individuals were counted. By 2017, the population had declined to 25 individuals. In
193:
7635:
7630:
7499:
7273:
7200:
6501:
4000:"Tip-dating and homoplasy: reconciling the shallow molecular divergences of modern gharials with their long fossil"
3756:. In Bélanger, C.; Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I.; Lesson, R.; Valenciennes, A.; Deshayes, G.P.; Guerin, F. E. (eds.).
2830:
2785:
2721:
1866:
7620:
5702:
5321:
2887:
2763:
1846:
5233:
Santiapillai, C. & de Silva, M. (2001). "Status, distribution and conservation of crocodiles in Sri Lanka".
4133:
2659:
7381:
6577:
3559:
of Buddhist traditions features a clever monkey outwitting a crocodile. Three folktales feature crocodiles and
6809:
6426:
5495:
World Crocodile Conference. Proceedings of the 22nd Working Meeting of the IUCN-SSC Crocodile Specialist Group
5171:
World Crocodile Conference. Proceedings of the 22nd Working Meeting of the IUCN-SSC Crocodile Specialist Group
4768:
World Crocodile Conference. Proceedings of the 22nd Working Meeting of the IUCN-SSC Crocodile Specialist Group
3844:"Paleogenomics illuminates the evolutionary history of the extinct Holocene "horned" crocodile of Madagascar,
3499:
2985:
5798:
4195:(Crocodylia) based on mitochondrial DNA: Evidence for a trans-Atlantic voyage from Africa to the New World".
7605:
6153:
6130:
4269:
3210:
2873:
1902:
776:
6172:
5676:
2682:
in 2007 and 2010, much of the habitat of the mugger crocodiles has been restored as formerly dry lakes and
1982:
7343:
7001:
6929:
6289:
5706:
3569:
3382:
3156:
3010:
and has an optimal body temperature of 30 to 35 °C (86 to 95 °F) and risks dying of freezing or
2909:
2815:
2217:
2182:
939:
574:
562:
6050:
5949:
5791:"Remarkable predatory skills in Mugger Crocodiles makes them the apex predators of freshwater ecosystems"
5269:
4303:
7610:
7533:
6818:
6422:
5813:
4426:
3362:
3000:
2917:
2798:
2733:
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704:
314:
6404:
6360:
4893:
2083:
7577:
6134:
4617:
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4541:
3408:
of the makara and symbolises both the fructifying and the destructive powers of the rivers. It is the
2103:
341:
7416:
7390:
6947:
6920:
6911:
6752:
5728:
Singh, L. A. K. & Kar, S. K. (2006). "Status of the Saltwater Crocodile in Orissa: An Overview".
5242:
4986:
4380:
4204:
3908:
2931:, where four to five captive individuals survived in an artificial pond by the 1980s. It is possibly
2893:
2794:
2725:
2162:
1556:
1165:
1127:
1107:
639:
4898:) in National Chambal Sanctuary after thirty years and its implications on conservation of Gharial (
4500:"Population assessment, threats and conservation measures of marsh crocodile at Dasht River, Gwadar"
3580:
features the character Mugger, the crocodile who lives by the Rapti River in Chitwan National Park.
3574:
2290:
7215:
7081:
6965:
6570:
6229:
4860:
4191:
Meredith, R. W.; Hekkala, E. R.; Amato, G. & Gatesy, J. (2011). "A phylogenetic hypothesis for
3589:
3304:
3295:
3140:
3115:
feathers in mugger dung have been reported. Muggers have also been observed preying and feeding on
2553:
2244:
1201:
1020:
666:
578:
453:
141:
6248:
4710:
3780:
Catalogue of the tortoises, crocodiles, and amphisbænians, in the collection of the British Museum
3753:
3338:, which prohibits catching, killing and transporting a crocodile without a permit; offenders face
7263:
6974:
6884:
6689:
6271:
6211:
5975:
5841:
5771:
5597:
5399:
5344:
5207:
5002:
4797:
4341:
4173:
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4098:
3120:
2913:
863:
707:
towards Southeast Asia and the Americas, diverging from its closest recent relative, the extinct
647:
523:
354:
188:
156:
7538:
5580:
Dinets, V.; Brueggen, J. C. & Brueggen, J. D. (2013). "Crocodilians use tools for hunting".
3798:"A time-calibrated species tree of Crocodylia reveals a recent radiation of the true crocodiles"
7460:
5865:"Sundarban Tiger − a new prey species of estuarine crocodile at Sundarban Tiger Reserve, India"
4562:
Chang, M. S.; Gachal, G. S.; Qadri, A. H.; Jabeen, T.; Baloach, S. & Shaikh, M. Y. (2012).
2974:
2939:, it became extinct in the late 1960s, but a few captive-bred individuals were released in the
7520:
7403:
7283:
7258:
6992:
6902:
6743:
6698:
6400:
6346:
Crocodiles: Proceedings of the 21st Working Meeting of the IUCN–SSC Crocodile Specialist Group
6010:
Crocodiles. Proceedings of the 17th Working Meeting of the IUCN-SSC Crocodile Specialist Group
5898:
5890:
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3977:
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3879:
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1062:
883:
815:
759:
674:
7395:
3775:
7546:
7525:
7306:
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6444:
6382:
6203:
5965:
5763:
5655:
5589:
5529:
5442:
5250:
5149:
5093:
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4994:
4836:
4655:
4453:
4398:
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4337:
4273:
4248:
4212:
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4129:
4051:
4023:
4013:
3967:
3959:
3916:
3869:
3859:
3809:
3639:
3629:
3478:
is said to have taken care of crocodiles and created a stream to trickle out of a rock near
3466:, which releases him only after his mother reluctantly let him choose the ascetic path of a
3328:
2883:
2499:
2462:
771:
589:
485:
379:
261:
248:
41:
6270:. 36, Supplement Proceedings of the VIIIth World Sanskrit Conference Vienna 1990: 189–195.
7507:
7486:
7326:
7316:
7190:
7072:
6983:
6631:
6108:
6012:. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group. pp. 155–165.
5826:
5518:(J.F. Gmelin, 1788), with notes on existing literature regarding their predation on birds"
3432:
3424:
3152:
3124:
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2932:
2877:
2843:
2612:
2580:
2526:
1737:
919:
651:
554:
5154:
5137:
5113:
Patil, S. R.; Atigre, R. H. & Patil, S. V. (2012). "First Record of Mugger Crocodile
518:
and has been a symbol for the fructifying and destructive powers of the rivers since the
5534:
5509:
5246:
5065:
5044:
4990:
4384:
4208:
3912:
7311:
7208:
6938:
6734:
6307:
5340:
5117:(Lesson, 1831) from River Kadavi at Sarud, Tal, Shahuwadi, Dist. Kolhapur, MS, India".
4403:
4368:
4028:
3999:
3972:
3943:
3874:
3843:
3644:
3615:
3409:
3343:
3279:
3244:
3224:
3116:
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2781:
2729:
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977:
755:
558:
531:
5748:
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7159:
7019:
6761:
6662:
6647:
6513:
6341:
6027:
5979:
5550:
5463:
4966:
4946:(Lesson, 1831) in upper Ganges and tributaries, lesser Himalayan zone, north India".
4177:
4085:
Shankar, K. & Rao, C. V. N. K. (1994). "First report of a fossil marsh crocodile
4072:
Symposium on three decades of developments in palaeontology and stratigraphy in India
3814:
3797:
3694:
3491:
3452:
3444:
3312:
3228:
3161:
3092:
2839:
2826:
In 2019, 82 individuals were recorded in the river systems of Simlipal National Park.
2751:
2543:
2539:
2522:
2480:
1591:
1564:
781:
747:
696:
566:
527:
477:
161:
83:
6028:"Sustainable Management of the Herpetofauna of the Iranian Plateau and Coastal Iran"
5775:
5601:
5425:
De Silva, M.; Amarasinghe, A. A.; de Silva, A. & Karunarathna, D. M. S. (2011).
5006:
4141:
2513:
The mugger crocodile is considered a medium-sized crocodilian, but has the broadest
6865:
6850:
6785:
6776:
4602:"Physico-Chemical Assessment of Water Quality and its Effects on Marsh Crocodiles,
3685:
3556:
3459:
3351:
3339:
3271:
3263:
3011:
2865:
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2850:
2823:
2702:
2518:
1788:
1571:
767:
737:
662:
615:
519:
7408:
6448:
6268:
Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens / Vienna Journal of South Asian Studies
6236:. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Freer Gallery of Art. pp. 47–56.
4499:
4457:
4169:
7564:
5593:
4393:
4252:
4074:. 11. Calcutta: Geological Survey of India Special Publication. pp. 207–211.
3079:. Subadult and adult muggers favour fish, but also prey on small to medium-sized
17:
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6800:
6625:
4841:
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4216:
3920:
3413:
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2897:
2854:
2835:
2790:
2710:
2690:
2428:
751:
628:
535:
58:
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5549:
De Silva, A.; Probst, J.; De Silva, P. D. D. S. & Karunarathna, S. (2018).
3864:
7268:
7113:
6875:
6594:
6378:
6312:
Things Indian: Being Discursive Notes on Various Subjects Connected with India
5767:
4479:
Mobaraki, A. & Abtin, E. (2013). "Estimate of Mugger population in Iran".
3537:
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3112:
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2924:
2706:
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2535:
2507:
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1693:
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1630:
1570:
age data were simultaneously used to establish the inter-relationships within
1552:
714:
623:
570:
445:
291:
271:
103:
68:
6562:
6051:
Survey of Human–Crocodile Conflict in India, Maharashtra State, December 2007
5043:
Debata, S.; Purohit, S.; Mahata, A.; Jena, S. K. & Palita, S. K. (2018).
4825:(Reptilia: Crocodylidae) in Vishwamitri River, Vadodara City, Gujarat, India"
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6680:
5447:
5426:
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3358:
3248:
3232:
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1548:
725:
683:
656:
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481:
433:
281:
205:
108:
52:
7366:
6253:
The art of India: Traditions of Indian sculpture, painting and architecture
5660:
5639:
5619:
Lesson feeding on birds in Ranganthittu Bird Sanctuary, Karnataka, India".
5320:
Whitaker, R. & Whitaker, Z. (1989). "Ecology of the mugger crocodile".
4465:
4412:
4224:
4116:
Brochu, C. A. (2000). "Phylogenetic relationships and divergence timing of
4037:
4018:
3981:
3928:
3883:
3823:
3653:
690:
5995:"Conservation and management of the two species of Sri Lankan Crocodiles (
4284:. Vol. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Taylor and Francis. p. 5.
7512:
7360:
7126:
6619:
6613:
6607:
6266:
Smith, W. L. (1992). "Some hagiographical motifs in the Śaṅkaravijayas".
4526:"Bio-ecological status, management and conservation of Marsh Crocodiles (
3549:
3529:
3467:
3440:
3428:
3389:
3300:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3036:
2819:
2667:
2530:
2484:
788:
784:
225:
98:
93:
78:
73:
63:
45:
6329:. Art for tribal rituals in South Gujarat. Ahmedabad: Gujarat Vidyapith.
6275:
5098:
5081:
5020:
Sahu, H.; Dutta, S. & Rout, S. (2007). "Survey of Mugger Crocodile (
4317:(3rd ed.). Darwin: IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group. pp. 94–98.
4102:
3634:
3182:
534:, it is threatened by conversion of natural habitats, gets entangled in
7434:
7244:
7135:
6551:"Fifteen-foot Bengali crocodile claims king of jungle title from tiger"
6215:
6075:(Revised and enlarged ed.). Poona: Prasad Prakashan. p. 1218.
4762:
Nair, T. & Katdare, S. (2013). "Dry-season assessment of gharials (
3545:
3521:
3503:
3498:. In the early 20th century, young married women fed the crocodiles in
3487:
3479:
3448:
3420:
3236:
2944:
2768:
2671:
2630:
800:
729:
497:
235:
113:
88:
6533:"Eight Crocodiles, Two Tortoises, Australian Parrots Seized; Two Held"
6141:(Seventh ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 55–57.
4606:
Population in Haleji Lake Wildlife Sanctuary, Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan"
4524:
Chang, M. S.; Gachal, G. S.; Qadri, A. H. & Shaikh, M. Y. (2012).
4498:
Rahim, A.; Gabol, K.; Ahmed, W.; Manzoor, B. & Batool, A. (2018).
3721:
2674:
in the late 1990s and early 2000s, it had been pushed to the brink of
513:
7447:
7236:
6716:
5749:"Global diversity of crocodiles (Crocodilia, Reptilia) in freshwater"
4998:
3560:
3509:
3495:
3483:
3471:
3463:
3436:
3416:
3393:
3256:
3252:
3096:
3084:
3064:
3056:
3040:
3032:
3028:
2936:
2901:
2663:
1567:
743:
505:
489:
473:
215:
7337:
6207:
5864:
5490:
4679:
3396:' refers to the crocodile and a mythical crocodile-like animal. The
2920:. Between 1991 and 1996, it was recorded in another 102 localities.
2662:. A population of around 200 mugger crocodiles lives on the Iranian
719:
6493:
6471:
3334:
In India, it has been protected since 1972 under Schedule I of the
7559:
4967:"Spatio-temporal partitioning between two sympatric crocodilians (
4600:
Chang, M. S.; Gachal, G. S.; Qadri, A. H. & Memon, K. (2016).
3620:
3517:
3513:
3397:
3376:
3044:
3024:
2776:
2717:
2683:
2648:
2549:). Large males may reach a weight of 450 kg (1,000 lb).
2514:
2476:
796:
763:
619:
488:. Both parents protect the young for up to one year. They feed on
465:
457:
430:
178:
172:
5206:
Whitaker, R.; Barr, B.; de Silva, A. & Ratnasiri, P. (2007).
3494:
built in the vicinity of rivers; these crocodiles are considered
740:
relatives are the Siamese crocodile and the saltwater crocodile.
6296:. Vol. 1. London: Richard Bentley and Son. pp. 82–106.
3533:
3525:
3524:
the crocodile god Mogra Dev asking for children, good crops and
3303:
in the 1990s by dams and channels to funnel natural streams and
3100:
3060:
1802:
709:
501:
493:
469:
461:
449:
7421:
7341:
7204:
7110:
6847:
6644:
6566:
5491:"Crocodile human conflict in National Chambal Sanctuary, India"
5468:) population in and around Vadodara city, Gujarat state, India"
4644:
Lesson, 1831 at Rani Tal, Shuklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, Nepal"
3462:
includes an incident where he is grabbed by a crocodile in the
2697:, small mugger populations occur in wetlands of Deh Akro 2 and
2448:
6119:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Co. pp. 109–144.
5119:
4th International Conference on Agriculture and Animal Science
3541:
3048:
750:
closely resemble the mugger crocodile in the shortness of the
6348:. Gland: IUCN/SSC Crocodile Specialist Group. pp. 22–25.
3536:, milk, wine, heart and liver of a chicken, and a mixture of
3447:
of a mugger crocodile was part of a beam of a gateway to the
606:
also by Gray in 1844 for a young mugger specimen from India.
6160:. Vol. 5. New York: Merrill & Baker. p. 2378.
5497:. Gland: IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group. pp. 105–109.
5329:. Gland: IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group. pp. 276–296.
5080:
Rathore, H. S.; Pati, J.; Das, A. & Pandav, B. (2021).
4297:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4134:
10.1643/0045-8511(2000)000[0657:pradto]2.0.co;2
3202:
A mugger crocodile and a tiger in Ranthambore National Park
2927:, it was historically present in the northern parts of the
807:
Phylogenetic relationships of the mugger crocodile based on
6292:(1877). "IV. Clifton, Ghisri Bandar, The Alligator Tank".
4965:
Choudhary, S.; Choudhury, B. C. & Gopi, G. V. (2018).
4711:"Survey of Ghodaghodi Lake Complex for Cotton Pygmy Goose
6342:"A preliminary analysis of worldwide crocodilian attacks"
4770:. Gland: IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group. pp. 53–65.
4568:
in Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary (NDWS) Sindh, Pakistan"
4564:"Distribution and Population Status of Marsh Crocodiles,
3782:. London: Trustees of the British Museum. pp. 58–63.
2689:
In Pakistan, a small population lives in 21 ponds around
5431:
Lesson, 1831) preys on a radiated tortoise in Sri Lanka"
5082:"Population status and distribution of mugger crocodile
4865:) mortality due to roads and railways in Gujarat, India"
4798:"Crocodile conservation, Western Asia Region: an update"
2521:
crocodiles. It has a powerful tail and webbed feet. Its
5842:"Sympatric distribution of gharial and mugger in India"
5323:
Crocodiles, their ecology, management, and conservation
4942:
Joshi, R. (2013). "Range extension of mugger crocodile
4054:(1886). "Siwalik Crocodilia, Lacertilia, and Ophidia".
3942:
Srikulnath, K.; Thapana, W. & Muangmai, N. (2015).
3760:. Vol. Zoology. Paris: Bertrand. pp. 305–307.
2943:
in the late 1990s. It is considered locally extinct in
2495:
extends to the level of the fourth or fifth tooth. The
1574:. This cladogram was revised in a paleogenomics study.
569:
from the Gangetic plains. In subsequent years, several
5186:
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies
5173:. Gland: IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group. p. 115.
4979:
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
4638:
Bhatt, H. P.; Saund, T. B. & Thapa, J. B. (2012).
4315:
Crocodiles: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan
3490:. Mugger crocodiles have also been kept in tanks near
618:
analysis of 23 crocodilian species indicated that the
6502:"Crocodylus palustris Lesson 1831 (mugger crocodile)"
5696:
5694:
3802:
Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution
5920:"Emergence of a new potential threat to the Mugger (
5638:
Lang, J. W.; Andrews, H. & Whitaker, R. (1989).
3381:
Makara on a beam from the Bharhut Stupa, now in the
3278:) sometimes preys on crocodiles on the banks of the
2186:
2166:
1925:
1906:
1870:
1850:
1806:
1697:
1670:
1634:
7350:
7292:
7251:
7148:
7124:
7061:
7028:
7018:
6873:
6864:
6798:
6774:
6732:
6715:
6678:
6661:
6194:Darian, S. (1976). "The Other Face of the Makara".
5948:Sharma, R. K.; Jangid, A. K. & Das, A. (2021).
5687:. Vol. 1. New York: Merrill. pp. 377–390.
5306:. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons. pp. 273–294.
5208:"Observations on burrows dug by mugger crocodiles (
3758:
Voyage aux Indes-Orientales par le nord de l'Europe
6549:
5201:
5199:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4610:Sindh University Research Journal (Science Series)
4572:Sindh University Research Journal (Science Series)
4534:Sindh University Research Journal (Science Series)
5615:Venugopal, P. D. (2006). "Observations on Mugger
4925:Asian Journal of Experimental Biological Sciences
3563:. A mugger crocodile is one of the characters in
3006:Like all crocodilians, the mugger crocodile is a
646:) is thought to have been the first species that
592:in 1844 for a specimen sent by the Museum of the
6249:"Makara: end of beam of gateway of Stupa Barhut"
6094:. Delhi: National Publishing House. p. 567.
4887:
4885:
4738:
4736:
4673:
4671:
4313:. In Manolis, S. C. & Stevenson, C. (eds.).
2597:A mugger basking in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
762:, a 30.6 cm (12.0 in) long fossilized
6021:
6019:
5315:
5313:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4324:
3993:
3991:
3091:). At the Chambal River, muggers have attacked
2506:is nearly straight or curved forwards, and the
6514:"Crocodiles moved from world's tallest statue"
6103:
6101:
5435:Taprobanica: The Journal of Asian Biodiversity
5304:Wildlife Management: Crocodiles and Alligators
5086:in the Similipal Tiger Reserve, Odisha, India"
5024:) in Similipal Tiger Reserve, Orissa, India".
3458:The traditional biography of the Indian saint
7216:
6578:
6340:Sideleau, B. & Britton, A. R. C. (2012).
6177:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5846:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5730:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5711:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5621:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5408:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5357:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5274:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
5216:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
4802:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
4350:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
3837:
3835:
3833:
8:
6541:"Marsh crocodiles in good condition in Iran"
5374:
5372:
5370:
4975:) in Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, India"
4892:Sharma, R. K. & Singh, L. A. K. (2015).
4766:) in the Betwa, Ken and Son Rivers, India".
4264:
4262:
4120:based on morphology and the fossil record".
3506:in the hope of being blessed with children.
688:. The latter diverged from this group about
7049:Central African slender-snouted crocodile (
6433:. London: Luzac & Co. pp. 380–381.
5895:Gir Forest and the saga of the Asiatic lion
5514:(Lesson, 1831) predation on Brown Fish Owl
5270:"Wildlife in Bangladesh Mangrove Ecosystem"
4854:
4852:
3684:Choudhury, B.C. & de Silva, A. (2013).
2654:In Iran, the mugger occurs along rivers in
791:of the mugger crocodile. Fossil remains of
7338:
7223:
7209:
7201:
7121:
7107:
7025:
6870:
6861:
6844:
6729:
6675:
6658:
6641:
6585:
6571:
6563:
6255:. London: Phaidon Press. p. Plate 19.
6173:"The Reptiles and Amphibia of Cutch State"
5840:Rao, R. J. & Choudhury, B. C. (1992).
4089:from the Manneru Valley, Andhra Pradesh".
3791:
3789:
3769:
3767:
3131:) and devoured pieces over several hours.
1196:
810:
754:and in the form of the nasal openings. In
581:and proposed different names, including:
340:
150:
131:
33:
6367:. New York: The Century Co. pp. 3–9.
6073:The practical Sanskrit–English dictionary
6056:(Report). Madras: Madras Crocodile Trust.
5969:
5659:
5533:
5446:
5153:
5097:
5064:
4840:
4709:Khatri, T. B. & Baral, H. S. (2012).
4659:
4402:
4392:
4241:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
4027:
4017:
3998:Lee, M. S. Y. & Yates, A. M. (2018).
3971:
3873:
3863:
3813:
3643:
3633:
787:in the Sivalik Hills is thought to be an
7040:West African slender snouted crocodile (
6389:. London: John Murray. pp. 211–214.
6314:. London: John Murray. pp. 111–113.
5489:Rao, R. J. & Gurjwar, R. K. (2013).
5136:Chavan, U.M. & Borkar, M.R. (2022).
4640:"Status and Threats to Mugger Crocodile
3731:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
3614:Rio, J. P. & Mannion, P. D. (2021).
3227:and prefers shallow waterways. It is an
3188:Mugger crocodile attacking a tiger, 1901
6008:. In Crocodile Specialist Group (ed.).
5954:) mortality in Jawai, Rajasthan, India"
5950:"Blood on the Track: A case of Mugger (
4872:Herpetological Conservation and Biology
4796:Whitaker, R. & Andrews, H. (2003).
4648:Nepal Journal of Science and Technology
3606:
795:were also excavated in the vicinity of
5897:. New Delhi: Indus. pp. 148–152.
5822:
5811:
5212:) in Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka"
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3357:Since large muggers occasionally take
3294:The mugger crocodile is threatened by
2454:Illustration of mugger crocodile skull
1612:West African slender-snouted crocodile
681:) and mugger crocodile diverged about
511:The mugger crocodile evolved at least
6543:. Tehran Times Daily Newspaper. 2018.
5931:Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter
5924:) population of Gujarat State, India"
5797:(2). Zoo’s Print: 2–6. Archived from
5640:"Sex determination and sex ratios in
5508:Hakim, J. & Sharma, J.P. (2024).
4948:Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences
4745:Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter
4481:Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter
4342:"Reproductive biology of the Mugger (
4302:Da Silva, A. & Lenin, J. (2010).
4197:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3900:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3419:and of several nature spirits called
3404:The crocodile is acknowledged as the
766:of a mugger crocodile was found in a
746:crocodile specimens excavated in the
542:situations and in traffic accidents.
361:
7:
6411:. London: D. Nutt. pp. 331–333.
6092:A practical Hindi-English dictionary
5551:"An incident of a Mugger Crocodile (
5155:10.11609/jott.7934.14.11.22118-22132
4821:"Current status of Marsh Crocodiles
3023:The mugger crocodile preys on fish,
3003:increases during the mating season.
2775:and several reservoirs and lakes in
6325:Fischer, E. & Shah, H. (1971).
5707:"The status of Indian crocodilians"
5535:10.11609/jott.9093.16.6.25489-25491
5066:10.11609/jott.3974.10.6.11770-11774
4507:Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences
3695:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2670:. Due to human activity and a long
2315:
2268:
2261:
2235:
2210:
2154:
2147:
2074:
2049:
1998:
1973:
1966:
1958:
1894:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1794:
1712:
1685:
1658:
1604:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1460:
1453:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1210:
1100:
1040:
1013:
1006:
912:
856:
849:
842:
835:
824:
6032:Amphibian and Reptile Conservation
5349:) feeding on large water beetles (
4859:Vyas, R. & Vasava, A. (2019).
4158:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
4005:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
3327:The mugger crocodile is listed in
3247:, in the eastern Mahanadi, and in
480:during the dry season. The sex of
25:
4530:) in Deh Akro 2, Sindh, Pakistan"
2558:British Museum of Natural History
1198:
812:
736:, the mugger crocodile's closest
598:British Museum of Natural History
349:Distribution of mugger crocodile
7601:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
7322:Famous crocodiles and alligators
7184:
6558:from the original on 2022-01-12.
3815:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01373.x
3231:in freshwater ecosystems. It is
3209:
3195:
3181:
2984:
2973:
2959:
2838:'s Kadavi and Warna Rivers, and
2656:Sistan and Baluchestan Provinces
2622:
2604:
2590:
2572:
2468:Illustration of mugger dentition
2461:
2447:
2336:
2289:
2243:
2102:
2082:
2057:
1981:
703:likely originated in Africa and
192:
6456:. Lalitpur: Rato Bangala Kitab.
6409:Folklore of the Santal Parganas
6405:"The Jackal and the Crocodiles"
5891:"Crocodiles and Other Reptiles"
5582:Ethology, Ecology and Evolution
4688:in Bardia National Park, Nepal"
3944:"Role of chromosome changes in
2720:, it occurs in the wetlands of
2510:separate the premaxilla above.
770:bed that probably dates to the
594:Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal
6479:New International Encyclopedia
6427:"The Crocodile and the Jackal"
6383:"The Alligator and the Jackal"
6361:"The Monkey and the Crocodile"
5472:Russian Journal of Herpetology
3595:List of reptiles of South Asia
3031:, birds and mammals including
2810:Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuaries
484:depends on temperature during
29:Species of crocodile from Asia
1:
6894:Hall's New Guinea crocodile (
5255:10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00126-9
4894:"Status of Mugger crocodile (
4692:Hyla: Herpetological Bulletin
4458:10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.008
4170:10.1080/02724634.2021.1879100
3336:Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
2991:Muggers basking on sand banks
2801:and Lansdowne Forest Division
7646:National symbols of Pakistan
6431:Village Folk-tales of Ceylon
5594:10.1080/03949370.2013.858276
4578:(3): 453–456. Archived from
4540:(2): 209–214. Archived from
4394:10.1371/journal.pone.0031781
3348:law enforcement in Sri Lanka
3216:Mugger crocodile and gharial
2738:Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve
814:analysis of 12 concatenated
7279:Madras Crocodile Bank Trust
6450:Adventures of a Nepali Frog
6135:"V. The Gangetic Crocodile"
4842:10.11609/jott.o2977.3333-41
4680:"Notes on Mugger Crocodile
4340:& Whitaker, Z. (1984).
4217:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.026
3921:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.02.009
3578:Adventures of a Nepali Frog
2908:In Sri Lanka, it occurs in
2870:Ranganthittu Bird Sanctuary
2701:Wildlife Sanctuaries, near
7682:
7656:Reptiles described in 1831
7274:List of crurotarsan genera
7082:Osborn’s dwarf crocodile (
6365:The Jatakas Tales of India
5971:10.17161/randa.v28i2.15591
5522:Journal of Threatened Taxa
5142:Journal of Threatened Taxa
5053:Journal of Threatened Taxa
4829:Journal of Threatened Taxa
4684:(Lesson, 1831) hunting on
4616:(1): 41–44. Archived from
4253:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa074
3865:10.1038/s42003-021-02017-0
3365:in severe conflict cases.
3123:, a mugger killed a large
2831:Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary
2786:National Chambal Sanctuary
1867:Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni
627:most likely originated in
429:) is a medium-sized broad-
7661:Taxa named by René Lesson
7180:
7120:
7106:
6860:
6843:
6657:
6640:
6602:
6232:(1931). "4. The Makara".
5958:Reptiles & Amphibians
5768:10.1007/s10750-007-9030-4
5404:eating Soft-shell Turtle"
4446:Experimental Parasitology
3754:"Le Crocodile des Marais"
2966:Mugger walking, Sri Lanka
2888:Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary
2764:Ranthambore National Park
2611:A mugger on the banks of
2333:
2320:
2313:
2286:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2240:
2233:
2215:
2208:
2179:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2097:
2079:
2072:
2054:
2047:
2016:
2003:
1996:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1956:
1919:
1899:
1892:
1863:
1847:Crocodylus anthropophagus
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1799:
1792:
1735:
1717:
1710:
1690:
1683:
1663:
1656:
1627:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1585:
1500:
1478:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1420:
1398:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1333:
1311:
1289:
1267:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1163:
1125:
1105:
1098:
1060:
1045:
1038:
1018:
1011:
1004:
975:
937:
917:
910:
881:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
360:
353:
348:
339:
320:
313:
189:Scientific classification
187:
170:
148:
139:
130:
36:
7002:West African crocodile (
6651:(Alligators and caimans)
5993:Jayawardene, J. (2004).
5717:(Supplement): 1238−1245.
5555:) devouring a Pangolin (
4713:Nettapus coromandelianus
3964:10.5808/GI.2015.13.4.102
3948:evolution and diversity"
3286:during dry, hot months.
3111:); several instances of
2743:In India, it occurs in:
2564:Distribution and habitat
1720:Osborn’s dwarf crocodile
699:analysis indicated that
7302:Fatal alligator attacks
7051:Mecistops leptorhynchus
6819:Smooth-fronted caiman (
6810:Cuvier's dwarf caiman (
6158:The New Natural History
5685:The New Natural History
5448:10.4038/tapro.v3i1.3232
5268:Khan, M. A. R. (1986).
5235:Biological Conservation
5090:Herpetological Bulletin
4661:10.3126/njst.v13i1.7451
2874:Nagarhole National Park
1903:Crocodylus palaeindicus
777:Crocodylus palaeindicus
722: million years ago
684:11.65 to 6.52
657:12.45 to 7.17
634:13.72 to 8.28
575:natural history museums
540:human–wildlife conflict
516: million years ago
448:habitats from southern
7042:Mecistops cataphractus
6948:New Guinea crocodile (
6921:Philippine crocodile (
6912:Freshwater crocodile (
6753:Broad-snouted caiman (
6359:Babbit, E. C. (1912).
6247:Kramrisch, S. (1954).
6117:The Second Jungle Book
6086:Caturvedi, M. (1970).
5863:Pandit, P. K. (2012).
5821:Cite journal requires
4678:Bhattarai, S. (2016).
4282:Fauna of British India
4019:10.1098/rspb.2018.1071
3852:Communications Biology
3570:The Second Jungle Book
3385:
3383:Indian Museum, Kolkata
3268:Panthera tigris tigris
3151:Female muggers obtain
2918:Bundala National Parks
2884:Parambikulam Reservoir
2816:Simlipal National Park
2218:West African crocodile
2183:Crocodylus falconensis
2143:Africa+New World
1615:Mecistops cataphractus
691:8.91 to 4.19
546:Taxonomy and evolution
7641:Reptiles of Sri Lanka
7534:Paleobiology Database
6966:Saltwater crocodile (
6930:Morelet's crocodile (
6506:Paleobiology Database
6310:(1906). "Crocodile".
6152:Lydekker, R. (1901).
6049:Whitaker, N. (2007).
5675:Lydekker, R. (1901).
5398:Ranjitsh, M. (1989).
5115:Crocodylus Palustrius
4056:Palaeontologia Indica
3500:Khan Jahan Ali's Tank
3380:
3315:practices or used as
3001:Territorial behaviour
2951:Behaviour and ecology
2878:Tungabhadra Reservoir
2799:Corbett Tiger Reserve
2734:Chitwan National Park
2726:Bardia National Parks
2579:Mugger crocodiles in
2018:Philippine crocodile
2005:New Guinea crocodile
1980:Freshwater crocodile
1741:Osteolaemus tetraspis
1502:Freshwater crocodile
1480:Philippine crocodile
1467:New Guinea crocodile
492:, and adults prey on
403:Crocodylus palustris
387:Crocodilus bombifrons
7666:Crocodilians of Asia
7626:Reptiles of Pakistan
7396:Crocodylus_palustris
7382:Crocodylus palustris
7352:Crocodylus palustris
7231:Related articles on
6885:American crocodile (
6690:American alligator (
6494:The Reptile Database
6489:Crocodylus palustris
6067:Apte, V. S. (1957).
6001:Crocodylus palustris
5952:Crocodylus palustris
5922:Crocodylus palustris
5789:Vyas, R. V. (2021).
5661:10.1093/icb/29.3.935
5642:Crocodylus palustris
5617:Crocodylus palustris
5553:Crocodylus palustris
5512:Crocodylus palustris
5466:Crocodilus palustris
5429:Crocodylus palustris
5402:Crocodilus palustris
5347:Crocodilus palustris
5210:Crocodylus palustris
5084:Crocodylus palustris
5047:Crocodylus palustris
5022:Crocodylus palustris
4973:Crocodylus palustris
4944:Crocodylus palustris
4896:Crocodylus palustris
4863:Crocodylus palustris
4823:Crocodylus palustris
4717:Crocodylus palustris
4682:Crocodylus palustris
4642:Crocodylus palustris
4604:Crocodylus palustris
4566:Crocodilus palustris
4528:Crocodylus palustris
4344:Crocodylus palustris
4306:Crocodylus palustris
4276:Crocodilus palustris
4087:Crocodylus palustris
3796:Oaks, J. R. (2011).
3774:Gray, J. E. (1844).
3724:Crocodylus palustris
3688:Crocodylus palustris
3305:agricultural runoffs
2894:Amaravathi Reservoir
2795:Rajaji National Park
2686:were flooded again.
2678:. Following several
2660:Iran–Pakistan border
2275:Morelet's crocodile
2163:Crocodylus checchiai
2056:Saltwater crocodile
1422:Saltwater crocodile
1313:Morelet's crocodile
1166:Freshwater crocodile
1128:Philippine crocodile
1108:New Guinea crocodile
648:genetically diverged
640:freshwater crocodile
579:zoological specimens
551:Crocodilus palustris
456:, where it inhabits
426:Crocodylus palustris
395:Crocodilus trigonops
372:Crocodilus vulgarts
364:Crocodilus palustris
324:Crocodylus palustris
7616:Fauna of South Asia
7191:Reptiles portal
6993:Siamese crocodile (
6903:Orinoco crocodile (
6744:Spectacled caiman (
6699:Chinese alligator (
6692:A. mississippiensis
6548:Nelson, D. (2011).
6230:Coomaraswamy, A. K.
6171:McCann, C. (1938).
5747:Martin, S. (2008).
5701:Whitaker, R. &
5557:Manis crassicaudata
5427:"Mugger crocodile (
5247:2001BCons..97..305S
5148:(11): 22118–22132.
5099:10.33256/hb156.2830
4991:2018ACMFE..28.1067C
4969:Gavialis gangeticus
4900:Gavialis gangeticus
4861:"Mugger Crocodile (
4808:(2&3): 432–445.
4764:Gavialis gangeticus
4385:2012PLoSO...731781E
4209:2011MolPE..60..183M
3913:2008MolPE..48.1232G
3752:Lesson, R. (1834).
3635:10.7717/peerj.12094
3590:Crocodiles in India
3296:habitat destruction
3243:) in the Rapti and
3241:Gavialis gangeticus
3173:Sympatric predators
3129:Manis crassicaudata
2935:in the country. In
2629:Mugger in Malataj,
2554:zoological specimen
2335:American crocodile
1723:Osteolaemus osborni
1269:American crocodile
1202:Illumina sequencing
1021:Saltwater crocodile
940:Morelet's crocodile
667:saltwater crocodile
654:of the genus about
454:Indian subcontinent
410:Deraniyagala, 1936
142:Conservation status
7651:Tool-using animals
7264:Foramen of Panizza
6975:Borneo crocodile (
6957:Mugger crocodile (
6154:"Indian crocodile"
5997:Crocodylus porosus
5889:Mitra, S. (2005).
5648:American Zoologist
5528:(6): 25489–25491.
5516:Ketupa zeylonensis
5510:"Mugger Crocodile
5059:(6): 11770–11774.
5045:"Mugger Crocodile
4304:"Mugger Crocodile
3386:
3121:Yala National Park
3109:Ketupa zeylonensis
3083:up to the size of
2857:and in small lakes
2851:Salaulim Reservoir
2322:Orinoco crocodile
2081:Siamese crocodile
1400:Siamese crocodile
1256:Orinoco crocodile
864:American crocodile
444:. It is native to
7636:Reptiles of Nepal
7631:Reptiles of India
7588:
7587:
7521:Open Tree of Life
7344:Taxon identifiers
7335:
7334:
7307:Crocodile attacks
7284:The Croc Festival
7259:Crocodilian armor
7198:
7197:
7176:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7102:
7101:
7098:
7097:
7094:
7093:
7073:Dwarf crocodile (
7014:
7013:
6984:Cuban crocodile (
6855:
6854:(True crocodiles)
6839:
6838:
6835:
6834:
6831:
6830:
6726:
6711:
6710:
6672:
6652:
6554:. The Telegraph.
6113:"The Undertakers"
5918:Vyas, R. (2017).
5462:Vyas, R. (2010).
4835:(14): 3333–3341.
4819:Vyas, R. (2012).
4715:and Marsh Mugger
4427:"Marsh Crocodile"
4097:(9/10): 687–689.
3808:(11): 3285–3297.
3702:: e.T5667A3046723
3555:A fable from the
3451:built around 100
3284:Gir National Park
2773:Vishwamitri River
2680:tropical cyclones
2435:
2434:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2394:
2393:
2385:
2384:
2376:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2358:
2357:
2349:
2348:
2302:
2301:
2197:
2196:
2133:
2132:
2124:
2123:
2115:
2114:
2036:
2035:
2027:
2026:
1945:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1881:
1880:
1778:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1645:
1644:
1555:study, for which
1543:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1510:
1489:
1488:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1409:
1408:
1344:
1343:
1322:
1321:
1300:
1299:
1278:
1277:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1181:
1180:
1152:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1063:Siamese crocodile
993:
992:
964:
963:
955:
954:
899:
898:
884:Orinoco crocodile
816:mitochondrial DNA
760:Prakasam district
732:boundary. Within
693:million years ago
686:million years ago
675:Siamese crocodile
659:million years ago
636:million years ago
538:and is killed in
417:
416:
411:
399:
391:
383:
368:
306:C. palustris
182:
165:
18:Gando (crocodile)
16:(Redirected from
7673:
7621:Reptiles of Iran
7581:
7580:
7568:
7567:
7555:
7554:
7542:
7541:
7529:
7528:
7516:
7515:
7503:
7502:
7490:
7489:
7477:
7476:
7464:
7463:
7451:
7450:
7438:
7437:
7425:
7424:
7412:
7411:
7399:
7398:
7386:
7385:
7384:
7371:
7370:
7369:
7339:
7225:
7218:
7211:
7202:
7189:
7188:
7187:
7122:
7108:
7026:
6939:Nile crocodile (
6871:
6862:
6853:
6845:
6730:
6725:
6724:
6720:
6676:
6671:
6670:
6666:
6659:
6650:
6642:
6587:
6580:
6573:
6564:
6559:
6553:
6544:
6536:
6535:. Mid-Day. 2018.
6528:
6526:
6525:
6509:
6483:
6475:
6458:
6457:
6455:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6419:
6413:
6412:
6397:
6391:
6390:
6375:
6369:
6368:
6356:
6350:
6349:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6322:
6316:
6315:
6304:
6298:
6297:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6263:
6257:
6256:
6244:
6238:
6237:
6226:
6220:
6219:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6168:
6162:
6161:
6149:
6143:
6142:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6105:
6096:
6095:
6083:
6077:
6076:
6064:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6046:
6040:
6039:
6023:
6014:
6013:
6007:
5990:
5984:
5983:
5973:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5928:
5915:
5909:
5908:
5886:
5880:
5879:
5869:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5837:
5831:
5830:
5824:
5819:
5817:
5809:
5807:
5806:
5786:
5780:
5779:
5753:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5725:
5719:
5718:
5698:
5689:
5688:
5672:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5635:
5629:
5628:
5612:
5606:
5605:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5546:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5505:
5499:
5498:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5459:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5395:
5389:
5388:
5376:
5365:
5364:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5317:
5308:
5307:
5299:
5293:
5292:
5288:
5282:
5281:
5265:
5259:
5258:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5203:
5194:
5193:
5192:(5 Part A): 1–5.
5181:
5175:
5174:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5110:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5040:
5034:
5033:
5017:
5011:
5010:
4999:10.1002/aqc.2911
4962:
4956:
4955:
4939:
4933:
4932:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4889:
4880:
4879:
4869:
4856:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4816:
4810:
4809:
4793:
4772:
4771:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4740:
4731:
4730:
4706:
4700:
4699:
4675:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4635:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4521:
4515:
4514:
4504:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4423:
4417:
4416:
4406:
4396:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4334:
4319:
4318:
4312:
4299:
4286:
4285:
4270:Boulenger, G. A.
4266:
4257:
4256:
4247:(4): 1075–1089.
4235:
4229:
4228:
4188:
4182:
4181:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4031:
4021:
3995:
3986:
3985:
3975:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3907:(3): 1232–1237.
3894:
3888:
3887:
3877:
3867:
3839:
3828:
3827:
3817:
3793:
3784:
3783:
3771:
3762:
3761:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3681:
3658:
3657:
3647:
3637:
3611:
3431:as a vehicle of
3427:, it represents
3329:CITES Appendix I
3276:Panthera leo leo
3213:
3199:
3185:
3073:flapshell turtle
3019:Hunting and diet
2988:
2977:
2963:
2860:Karnataka along
2804:Uttar Pradesh's
2626:
2608:
2594:
2576:
2465:
2451:
2429:crown group
2340:
2316:
2293:
2288:Cuban crocodile
2269:
2262:
2247:
2236:
2211:
2188:
2168:
2155:
2148:
2106:
2100:Mugger crocodile
2086:
2075:
2061:
2050:
1999:
1985:
1974:
1967:
1959:
1927:
1908:
1895:
1872:
1852:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1808:
1795:
1713:
1699:
1686:
1672:
1659:
1636:
1605:
1598:
1588:
1578:
1461:
1454:
1386:Mugger crocodile
1379:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1291:Cuban crocodile
1250:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1211:
1197:
1101:
1048:Mugger crocodile
1041:
1014:
1007:
913:
857:
850:
843:
836:
825:
811:
772:late Pleistocene
723:
694:
687:
660:
637:
590:John Edward Gray
573:and curators of
517:
436:, also known as
421:mugger crocodile
409:
406:
397:
389:
378:
375:
366:
344:
326:
262:Archosauriformes
249:Archosauromorpha
197:
196:
176:
159:
154:
153:
135:
125:
55:
42:Late Pleistocene
40:Temporal range:
37:Mugger crocodile
34:
21:
7681:
7680:
7676:
7675:
7674:
7672:
7671:
7670:
7591:
7590:
7589:
7584:
7576:
7571:
7563:
7558:
7550:
7545:
7537:
7532:
7524:
7519:
7511:
7508:Observation.org
7506:
7498:
7493:
7485:
7480:
7472:
7467:
7459:
7454:
7446:
7441:
7433:
7428:
7420:
7415:
7407:
7402:
7394:
7389:
7380:
7379:
7374:
7365:
7364:
7359:
7346:
7336:
7331:
7327:Sewer alligator
7317:Crocodile tears
7294:
7288:
7247:
7229:
7199:
7194:
7185:
7183:
7168:
7160:False gharial (
7144:
7116:
7090:
7057:
7022:
7010:
6950:C. novaeguineae
6856:
6827:
6794:
6770:
6762:Yacare caiman (
6722:
6721:
6719:
6707:
6668:
6667:
6665:
6653:
6636:
6632:Crocodylomorpha
6598:
6591:
6547:
6539:
6531:
6523:
6521:
6512:
6500:
6470:
6467:
6462:
6461:
6453:
6443:
6442:
6438:
6421:
6420:
6416:
6399:
6398:
6394:
6387:Old Deccan Days
6377:
6376:
6372:
6358:
6357:
6353:
6339:
6338:
6334:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6288:
6287:
6283:
6265:
6264:
6260:
6246:
6245:
6241:
6234:Yakṣas. Part II
6228:
6227:
6223:
6208:10.2307/3250095
6193:
6192:
6188:
6170:
6169:
6165:
6151:
6150:
6146:
6131:Hornaday, W. T.
6129:
6128:
6124:
6107:
6106:
6099:
6085:
6084:
6080:
6066:
6065:
6061:
6053:
6048:
6047:
6043:
6025:
6024:
6017:
6005:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5926:
5917:
5916:
5912:
5905:
5888:
5887:
5883:
5867:
5862:
5861:
5857:
5839:
5838:
5834:
5820:
5810:
5804:
5802:
5788:
5787:
5783:
5751:
5746:
5745:
5741:
5736:(2–3): 274–285.
5727:
5726:
5722:
5700:
5699:
5692:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5637:
5636:
5632:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5579:
5578:
5574:
5548:
5547:
5543:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5461:
5460:
5456:
5424:
5423:
5419:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5378:
5377:
5368:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5326:
5319:
5318:
5311:
5301:
5300:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5205:
5204:
5197:
5183:
5182:
5178:
5168:
5167:
5163:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5112:
5111:
5107:
5079:
5078:
5074:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5019:
5018:
5014:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4941:
4940:
4936:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4891:
4890:
4883:
4867:
4858:
4857:
4850:
4818:
4817:
4813:
4795:
4794:
4775:
4761:
4760:
4756:
4742:
4741:
4734:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4677:
4676:
4669:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4623:
4621:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4585:
4583:
4561:
4560:
4556:
4547:
4545:
4523:
4522:
4518:
4502:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4425:
4424:
4420:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4336:
4335:
4322:
4310:
4301:
4300:
4289:
4268:
4267:
4260:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4164:(6): e1879100.
4154:
4153:
4149:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4091:Current Science
4084:
4083:
4079:
4068:
4067:
4063:
4050:
4049:
4045:
3997:
3996:
3989:
3952:Genomics Inform
3941:
3940:
3936:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3841:
3840:
3831:
3795:
3794:
3787:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3736:
3734:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3705:
3703:
3683:
3682:
3661:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3586:
3575:children’s book
3567:, a chapter of
3565:The Undertakers
3425:Hindu mythology
3375:
3325:
3292:
3245:Narayani Rivers
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3175:
3153:sexual maturity
3149:
3137:
3125:Indian pangolin
3093:water buffaloes
3021:
3008:thermoconformer
2996:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2953:
2933:locally extinct
2844:Raigad District
2637:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2613:Vashishti River
2609:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2581:Chabahar County
2577:
2566:
2547:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2441:
2439:Characteristics
2436:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2386:
2377:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2303:
2257:New World
2242:Nile crocodile
2198:
2134:
2125:
2116:
2037:
2028:
1962:Asia+Australia
1946:
1937:
1882:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1752:
1738:Dwarf crocodile
1646:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1490:
1441:
1432:
1410:
1345:
1335:Nile crocodile
1323:
1301:
1279:
1191:
1182:
1153:
1144:
1112:C. novaeguineae
1088:
1079:
994:
965:
956:
920:Cuban crocodile
900:
808:
793:C. palaeindicus
718:
689:
682:
655:
652:common ancestor
632:
613:
555:scientific name
548:
532:protected areas
512:
468:and artificial
442:marsh crocodile
404:
373:
335:
328:
322:
309:
191:
183:
166:
155:
151:
144:
126:
124:
123:
122:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
50:
49:
38:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7679:
7677:
7669:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7606:Apex predators
7603:
7593:
7592:
7586:
7585:
7583:
7582:
7569:
7556:
7543:
7530:
7517:
7504:
7491:
7478:
7465:
7452:
7439:
7426:
7413:
7400:
7387:
7372:
7356:
7354:
7348:
7347:
7342:
7333:
7332:
7330:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7312:Crocodile farm
7309:
7304:
7298:
7296:
7290:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7255:
7253:
7249:
7248:
7230:
7228:
7227:
7220:
7213:
7205:
7196:
7195:
7181:
7178:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7166:
7156:
7154:
7146:
7145:
7143:
7142:
7132:
7130:
7118:
7117:
7111:
7104:
7103:
7100:
7099:
7096:
7095:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7088:
7079:
7069:
7067:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7055:
7046:
7036:
7034:
7023:
7016:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7009:
7008:
6999:
6990:
6981:
6972:
6963:
6954:
6945:
6936:
6927:
6923:C. mindorensis
6918:
6909:
6905:C. intermedius
6900:
6891:
6881:
6879:
6868:
6858:
6857:
6848:
6841:
6840:
6837:
6836:
6833:
6832:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6816:
6812:P. palpebrosus
6806:
6804:
6796:
6795:
6793:
6792:
6786:Black caiman (
6782:
6780:
6772:
6771:
6769:
6768:
6759:
6755:C. latirostris
6750:
6740:
6738:
6727:
6713:
6712:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6705:
6696:
6686:
6684:
6673:
6655:
6654:
6645:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6634:
6628:
6622:
6616:
6610:
6603:
6600:
6599:
6592:
6590:
6589:
6582:
6575:
6567:
6561:
6560:
6545:
6537:
6529:
6510:
6497:
6496:
6484:
6473:"Mugger"
6466:
6465:External links
6463:
6460:
6459:
6436:
6414:
6401:Bodding, P. O.
6392:
6370:
6351:
6332:
6317:
6299:
6294:Sind revisited
6281:
6258:
6239:
6221:
6186:
6163:
6144:
6122:
6097:
6078:
6059:
6041:
6015:
5985:
5964:(2): 320–321.
5940:
5910:
5904:978-8173871832
5903:
5881:
5855:
5832:
5823:|journal=
5781:
5762:(1): 587–591.
5739:
5720:
5690:
5667:
5654:(3): 935–952.
5630:
5607:
5572:
5541:
5500:
5481:
5454:
5417:
5390:
5366:
5332:
5309:
5294:
5283:
5260:
5241:(3): 305–318.
5225:
5195:
5176:
5161:
5128:
5105:
5092:(156): 28–30.
5072:
5035:
5012:
4957:
4934:
4915:
4881:
4848:
4811:
4773:
4754:
4732:
4729:(10): 137–144.
4701:
4667:
4654:(1): 125–131.
4630:
4592:
4554:
4516:
4490:
4471:
4436:
4431:www.wii.gov.in
4418:
4359:
4320:
4287:
4258:
4230:
4203:(1): 183–191.
4183:
4147:
4128:(3): 657–673.
4108:
4077:
4061:
4043:
3987:
3958:(4): 102–111.
3934:
3889:
3829:
3785:
3763:
3744:
3713:
3659:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3585:
3582:
3410:animal vehicle
3374:
3371:
3324:
3321:
3299:Pakistan were
3291:
3288:
3280:Kamleshwar Dam
3225:brackish water
3215:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3148:
3145:
3136:
3133:
3105:brown fish owl
3059:, but also on
3020:
3017:
2990:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2906:
2905:
2890:
2880:
2858:
2847:
2833:
2827:
2812:
2802:
2788:
2782:Madhya Pradesh
2779:
2766:
2730:Ghodaghodi Tal
2695:Sindh Province
2628:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2610:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2545:
2538:of 7,295
2467:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2239:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2214:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2053:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1898:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1798:
1793:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1716:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1689:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1594:
1586:
1584:
1576:
1561:DNA sequencing
1541:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1204:of mitogenomes
1193:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:C. mindorensis
1124:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
991:
990:
987:
986:
978:Nile crocodile
974:
971:
970:
967:
966:
962:
961:
958:
957:
953:
952:
949:
948:
936:
933:
932:
929:
928:
916:
911:
909:
906:
905:
902:
901:
897:
896:
893:
892:
888:C. intermedius
880:
877:
876:
873:
872:
860:
855:
853:
848:
846:
841:
839:
834:
832:
823:
820:
819:
809:
806:
805:
756:Andhra Pradesh
612:
609:
608:
607:
601:
547:
544:
415:
414:
413:
412:
400:
392:
384:
369:
358:
357:
351:
350:
346:
345:
337:
336:
329:
318:
317:
311:
310:
303:
301:
297:
296:
289:
285:
284:
279:
275:
274:
269:
265:
264:
259:
252:
251:
246:
239:
238:
233:
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
185:
184:
171:
168:
167:
149:
146:
145:
140:
137:
136:
128:
127:
119:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
56:
39:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7678:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7598:
7596:
7579:
7574:
7570:
7566:
7561:
7557:
7553:
7548:
7544:
7540:
7535:
7531:
7527:
7522:
7518:
7514:
7509:
7505:
7501:
7496:
7492:
7488:
7483:
7479:
7475:
7470:
7466:
7462:
7457:
7453:
7449:
7444:
7440:
7436:
7431:
7427:
7423:
7418:
7414:
7410:
7405:
7401:
7397:
7392:
7388:
7383:
7377:
7373:
7368:
7362:
7358:
7357:
7355:
7353:
7349:
7345:
7340:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7299:
7297:
7291:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7250:
7246:
7242:
7238:
7234:
7226:
7221:
7219:
7214:
7212:
7207:
7206:
7203:
7193:
7192:
7179:
7165:
7163:
7162:T. schlegelii
7158:
7157:
7155:
7153:
7152:
7147:
7141:
7139:
7138:G. gangeticus
7134:
7133:
7131:
7129:
7128:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7109:
7105:
7087:
7085:
7080:
7078:
7076:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7065:
7060:
7054:
7052:
7047:
7045:
7043:
7038:
7037:
7035:
7033:
7032:
7027:
7024:
7021:
7020:Osteolaeminae
7017:
7007:
7005:
7000:
6998:
6996:
6991:
6989:
6987:
6982:
6980:
6978:
6973:
6971:
6969:
6964:
6962:
6960:
6955:
6953:
6951:
6946:
6944:
6942:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6928:
6926:
6924:
6919:
6917:
6915:
6910:
6908:
6906:
6901:
6899:
6897:
6892:
6890:
6888:
6883:
6882:
6880:
6878:
6877:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6852:
6846:
6842:
6824:
6822:
6821:P. trigonatus
6817:
6815:
6813:
6808:
6807:
6805:
6803:
6802:
6797:
6791:
6789:
6784:
6783:
6781:
6779:
6778:
6773:
6767:
6765:
6760:
6758:
6756:
6751:
6749:
6747:
6746:C. crocodilus
6742:
6741:
6739:
6737:
6736:
6731:
6728:
6718:
6714:
6704:
6702:
6697:
6695:
6693:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6677:
6674:
6664:
6663:Alligatorinae
6660:
6656:
6649:
6648:Alligatoridae
6643:
6639:
6633:
6629:
6627:
6623:
6621:
6617:
6615:
6611:
6609:
6605:
6604:
6601:
6596:
6588:
6583:
6581:
6576:
6574:
6569:
6568:
6565:
6557:
6552:
6546:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6530:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6499:
6498:
6495:
6491:
6490:
6485:
6481:
6480:
6474:
6469:
6468:
6464:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6440:
6437:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6418:
6415:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6396:
6393:
6388:
6384:
6380:
6374:
6371:
6366:
6362:
6355:
6352:
6347:
6343:
6336:
6333:
6328:
6321:
6318:
6313:
6309:
6303:
6300:
6295:
6291:
6290:Burton, R. F.
6285:
6282:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6262:
6259:
6254:
6250:
6243:
6240:
6235:
6231:
6225:
6222:
6217:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6196:Artibus Asiae
6190:
6187:
6183:(3): 425–427.
6182:
6178:
6174:
6167:
6164:
6159:
6155:
6148:
6145:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6126:
6123:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6104:
6102:
6098:
6093:
6089:
6082:
6079:
6074:
6070:
6063:
6060:
6052:
6045:
6042:
6037:
6033:
6029:
6022:
6020:
6016:
6011:
6004:
6002:
5998:
5989:
5986:
5981:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5953:
5944:
5941:
5936:
5932:
5925:
5923:
5914:
5911:
5906:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5885:
5882:
5877:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5856:
5852:(3): 312–315.
5851:
5847:
5843:
5836:
5833:
5828:
5815:
5801:on 2021-08-14
5800:
5796:
5792:
5785:
5782:
5777:
5773:
5769:
5765:
5761:
5757:
5756:Hydrobiologia
5750:
5743:
5740:
5735:
5731:
5724:
5721:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5704:
5703:Daniel, J. C.
5697:
5695:
5691:
5686:
5682:
5680:
5671:
5668:
5662:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5643:
5634:
5631:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5611:
5608:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5576:
5573:
5569:(3): 147–150.
5568:
5564:
5560:
5558:
5554:
5545:
5542:
5536:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5519:
5517:
5513:
5504:
5501:
5496:
5492:
5485:
5482:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5467:
5458:
5455:
5449:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5430:
5421:
5418:
5413:
5409:
5405:
5403:
5394:
5391:
5386:
5382:
5375:
5373:
5371:
5367:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5352:
5348:
5345:"The Mugger (
5342:
5336:
5333:
5325:
5324:
5316:
5314:
5310:
5305:
5298:
5295:
5287:
5284:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5264:
5261:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5229:
5226:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5211:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5191:
5187:
5180:
5177:
5172:
5165:
5162:
5156:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5132:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5109:
5106:
5100:
5095:
5091:
5087:
5085:
5076:
5073:
5067:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5048:
5039:
5036:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5016:
5013:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4974:
4970:
4961:
4958:
4954:(1): 100–109.
4953:
4949:
4945:
4938:
4935:
4931:(2): 409–414.
4930:
4926:
4919:
4916:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4878:(3): 615–626.
4877:
4873:
4866:
4864:
4855:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4824:
4815:
4812:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4758:
4755:
4750:
4746:
4739:
4737:
4733:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4705:
4702:
4697:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4683:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4643:
4634:
4631:
4620:on 2018-10-20
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4605:
4596:
4593:
4582:on 2018-10-20
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4558:
4555:
4544:on 2018-10-20
4543:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4529:
4520:
4517:
4512:
4508:
4501:
4494:
4491:
4486:
4482:
4475:
4472:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4440:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4422:
4419:
4414:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4379:(3): e31781.
4378:
4374:
4370:
4363:
4360:
4356:(2): 297–317.
4355:
4351:
4347:
4345:
4339:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4309:
4307:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4283:
4279:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4234:
4231:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4187:
4184:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4151:
4148:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4112:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4081:
4078:
4073:
4065:
4062:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3983:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3938:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3893:
3890:
3885:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3847:
3846:Voay robustus
3838:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3759:
3755:
3748:
3745:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3725:
3717:
3714:
3701:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3689:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3610:
3607:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3492:Hindu temples
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3449:Bharhut Stupa
3446:
3445:stone carving
3442:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3402:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3355:
3353:
3352:Iranian rials
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3330:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3313:superstitious
3308:
3307:into rivers.
3306:
3302:
3297:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3229:apex predator
3226:
3212:
3198:
3184:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3158:
3154:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3002:
2987:
2976:
2962:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2892:Tamil Nadu's
2891:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2866:Kabini Rivers
2863:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2840:Savitri River
2837:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2824:Sabari Rivers
2821:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2632:
2625:
2615:, Maharashtra
2614:
2607:
2593:
2582:
2575:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2548:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2481:keeled scales
2478:
2464:
2450:
2438:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2417:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2399:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2381:
2380:
2372:
2371:
2363:
2362:
2354:
2353:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2271:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2238:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2157:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2129:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2031:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1976:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1924:Tirari Desert
1923:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1755:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1661:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1593:
1592:Osteolaeminae
1590:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1565:stratigraphic
1562:
1558:
1557:morphological
1554:
1550:
1534:
1533:
1525:
1524:
1516:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1148:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
989:
988:
985:
983:
979:
973:
972:
969:
968:
960:
959:
951:
950:
947:
945:
941:
935:
934:
931:
930:
927:
925:
921:
915:
914:
908:
907:
904:
903:
895:
894:
891:
889:
885:
879:
878:
875:
874:
871:
869:
865:
859:
858:
852:
851:
845:
844:
838:
837:
830:
827:
826:
822:
821:
817:
813:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
783:
782:late Pliocene
779:
778:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
748:Sivalik Hills
745:
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
721:
716:
712:
711:
706:
702:
698:
697:paleogenomics
692:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
658:
653:
649:
645:
641:
635:
630:
626:
625:
621:
617:
610:
605:
602:
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:C. bombifrons
584:
583:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:type specimen
564:
560:
556:
552:
545:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
528:IUCN Red List
525:
521:
515:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
432:
428:
427:
422:
408:
401:
396:
393:
388:
385:
381:
377:
370:
367:Lesson, 1831
365:
362:
359:
356:
352:
347:
343:
338:
333:
327:
325:
319:
316:
315:Binomial name
312:
308:
307:
302:
299:
298:
295:
294:
290:
287:
286:
283:
280:
277:
276:
273:
270:
267:
266:
263:
260:
257:
254:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
240:
237:
234:
231:
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95:
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85:
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75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
47:
43:
35:
32:
27:
19:
7611:Crocodylidae
7351:
7182:
7161:
7149:
7137:
7125:
7083:
7075:O. tetraspis
7074:
7062:
7050:
7041:
7029:
7003:
6995:C. siamensis
6994:
6986:C. rhombifer
6985:
6976:
6967:
6959:C. palustris
6958:
6956:
6949:
6941:C. niloticus
6940:
6932:C. moreletii
6931:
6922:
6914:C. johnstoni
6913:
6904:
6895:
6886:
6874:
6866:Crocodylinae
6851:Crocodylidae
6820:
6811:
6799:
6787:
6777:Melanosuchus
6775:
6763:
6754:
6745:
6733:
6700:
6691:
6679:
6669:(Alligators)
6630:Superorder:
6624:(unranked):
6522:. Retrieved
6517:
6505:
6487:
6477:
6449:
6445:Dixit, K. M.
6439:
6430:
6417:
6408:
6395:
6386:
6373:
6364:
6354:
6345:
6335:
6326:
6320:
6311:
6302:
6293:
6284:
6267:
6261:
6252:
6242:
6233:
6224:
6202:(1): 29–36.
6199:
6195:
6189:
6180:
6176:
6166:
6157:
6147:
6138:
6125:
6116:
6091:
6081:
6072:
6062:
6044:
6035:
6031:
6009:
6000:
5996:
5988:
5961:
5957:
5951:
5943:
5934:
5930:
5921:
5913:
5894:
5884:
5875:
5871:
5858:
5849:
5845:
5835:
5814:cite journal
5803:. Retrieved
5799:the original
5794:
5784:
5759:
5755:
5742:
5733:
5729:
5723:
5714:
5710:
5684:
5679:Felis tigris
5678:
5677:"The Tiger (
5670:
5651:
5647:
5641:
5633:
5624:
5620:
5616:
5610:
5585:
5581:
5575:
5566:
5562:
5556:
5552:
5544:
5525:
5521:
5515:
5511:
5503:
5494:
5484:
5475:
5471:
5465:
5457:
5441:(1): 38−41.
5438:
5434:
5428:
5420:
5411:
5407:
5401:
5393:
5384:
5380:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5346:
5335:
5322:
5303:
5297:
5286:
5277:
5273:
5263:
5238:
5234:
5228:
5219:
5215:
5209:
5189:
5185:
5179:
5170:
5164:
5145:
5141:
5131:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5108:
5089:
5083:
5075:
5056:
5052:
5046:
5038:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5015:
4982:
4978:
4972:
4968:
4960:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4937:
4928:
4924:
4918:
4909:
4905:
4899:
4895:
4875:
4871:
4862:
4832:
4828:
4822:
4814:
4805:
4801:
4767:
4763:
4757:
4748:
4744:
4726:
4722:
4716:
4712:
4704:
4695:
4691:
4685:
4681:
4651:
4647:
4641:
4633:
4622:. Retrieved
4618:the original
4613:
4609:
4603:
4595:
4584:. Retrieved
4580:the original
4575:
4571:
4565:
4557:
4546:. Retrieved
4542:the original
4537:
4533:
4527:
4519:
4510:
4506:
4493:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4430:
4421:
4376:
4372:
4362:
4353:
4349:
4343:
4338:Whitaker, R.
4314:
4305:
4281:
4275:
4244:
4240:
4233:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4161:
4157:
4150:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4080:
4071:
4064:
4055:
4052:Lydekker, R.
4046:
4009:
4003:
3955:
3951:
3945:
3937:
3904:
3898:
3892:
3855:
3851:
3845:
3805:
3801:
3779:
3776:"Crocodiles"
3757:
3747:
3735:. Retrieved
3729:
3723:
3716:
3704:. Retrieved
3699:
3693:
3687:
3625:
3619:
3609:
3577:
3568:
3564:
3557:Jataka tales
3554:
3516:and Chodhri
3508:
3464:Kaladi river
3460:Adi Shankara
3457:
3403:
3387:
3367:
3363:translocated
3356:
3340:imprisonment
3333:
3326:
3323:Conservation
3317:aphrodisiacs
3309:
3293:
3275:
3272:Asiatic lion
3267:
3264:Bengal tiger
3261:
3240:
3222:
3167:
3157:reproduction
3150:
3147:Reproduction
3138:
3128:
3108:
3088:
3022:
3012:hyperthermia
3005:
2997:
2922:
2907:
2829:Telangana's
2806:Katarniaghat
2742:
2722:Shuklaphanta
2715:
2703:Chotiari Dam
2688:
2653:
2638:
2552:The largest
2551:
2542:(1,640
2512:
2497:premaxillary
2474:
2334:
2321:
2287:
2274:
2241:
2220:
2216:
2181:
2180:
2161:
2160:
2099:
2098:
2080:
2055:
2017:
2004:
1979:
1921:
1920:
1901:
1900:
1865:
1864:
1845:
1844:
1818:
1801:
1800:
1789:Crocodylinae
1740:
1736:
1722:
1718:
1692:
1691:
1665:
1664:
1629:
1628:
1614:
1610:
1582:Crocodylidae
1581:
1572:Crocodylidae
1559:, molecular
1546:
1501:
1479:
1466:
1421:
1399:
1385:
1384:
1334:
1312:
1290:
1268:
1255:
1214:
1170:C. johnstoni
1169:
1164:
1131:
1126:
1111:
1106:
1067:C. siamensis
1066:
1061:
1047:
1046:
1024:
1019:
982:C. niloticus
981:
976:
944:C. moreletii
943:
938:
924:C. rhombifer
923:
918:
887:
882:
867:
862:
828:
792:
775:
768:volcanic ash
742:
733:
708:
700:
679:C. siamensis
678:
670:
663:sister group
644:C. johnstoni
643:
622:
616:Phylogenetic
614:
604:C. trigonops
603:
585:
561:in 1831 who
557:proposed by
550:
549:
536:fishing nets
520:Vedic period
510:
441:
437:
425:
424:
420:
418:
402:
394:
386:
371:
363:
323:
321:
305:
304:
292:
282:Crocodylidae
255:
242:
31:
26:
7443:iNaturalist
7376:Wikispecies
7295:interaction
7064:Osteolaemus
6801:Paleosuchus
6701:A. sinensis
6626:Archosauria
6595:Crocodilian
6109:Kipling, R.
5937:(4): 16–17.
5478:(1): 43−50.
5381:Reptile Rap
5280:(1): 32–48.
5222:(2): 19–24.
5032:(1): 27–32.
4985:(5): 1–10.
4906:Zoo's Print
4698:(2): 41–44.
4513:(1): 45–53.
4487:(1): 11–21.
4452:: 194–200.
3520:in Gujarat
3486:and Muslim
3414:Vedic deity
3392:word मकर '
3249:tributaries
3069:vertebrates
2941:Manas River
2855:Zuari River
2836:Maharashtra
2791:Uttarakhand
2716:In Nepal's
2711:Haleji lake
2709:and around
2699:Nara Desert
2691:Dasht River
2666:coast near
2508:nasal bones
799:in central
752:premaxillae
665:comprising
629:Australasia
571:naturalists
559:René Lesson
398:Gray, 1844
390:Gray, 1844
51:0.1–0
7595:Categories
7269:Gastralium
7241:crocodiles
7233:alligators
7114:Gavialidae
7084:O. osborni
6977:C. raninus
6968:C. porosus
6876:Crocodylus
6717:Caimaninae
6524:2019-01-26
6423:Parker, H.
6308:Crooke, W.
6038:(1): 1–15.
5872:Tigerpaper
5805:2022-05-29
5341:McCann, C.
5125:: 100–104.
5026:Tigerpaper
4912:(5): 9–16.
4751:(3): 9–12.
4723:Our Nature
4624:2018-10-20
4586:2018-10-20
4548:2018-10-20
4193:Crocodylus
4118:Crocodylus
3946:Crocodylus
3858:(1): 505.
3706:22 January
3628:: e12094.
3601:References
3538:vermillion
3435:and as an
3373:In culture
3113:water bird
3051:. It also
2929:Sundarbans
2925:Bangladesh
2818:and along
2771:along the
2760:Son Rivers
2750:along the
2707:Nara Canal
2676:extinction
2658:along the
2646:irrigation
2642:reservoirs
2536:bite force
1922:Crocodylus
1819:Crocodylus
1694:Rimasuchus
1667:Brochuchus
1631:Euthecodon
1553:tip dating
1551:is from a
1215:Crocodylus
1025:C. porosus
829:Crocodylus
734:Crocodylus
715:Madagascar
701:Crocodylus
671:C. porosus
624:Crocodylus
577:described
530:. Outside
524:Vulnerable
486:incubation
482:hatchlings
446:freshwater
293:Crocodylus
272:Crocodilia
175:Appendix I
157:Vulnerable
7552:palustris
7151:Tomistoma
7136:Gharial (
7031:Mecistops
7004:C. suchus
6887:C. acutus
6764:C. yacare
6723:(Caimans)
6681:Alligator
6606:Kingdom:
6379:Frere, M.
5980:238785693
5878:(1): 1–5.
5627:(1): 105.
5588:: 74–78.
5563:Wildlanka
5464:"Mugger (
5414:(1): 107.
5363:(2): 409.
4686:Axis axis
4178:233619370
3476:Pīr Mango
3406:prototype
3359:livestock
3235:with the
3233:sympatric
3141:use tools
3089:Axis axis
3081:ungulates
3053:scavenges
3037:squirrels
2882:Kerala's
2868:, in the
2814:Odisha's
2762:, and in
2748:Rajasthan
2705:, in the
2493:lower jaw
2489:symphysis
2221:C. suchus
1549:cladogram
1200:based on
868:C. acutus
818:sequences
785:sediments
726:Oligocene
724:near the
717:, around
650:from the
611:Evolution
563:described
434:crocodile
300:Species:
212:Kingdom:
206:Eukaryota
7560:Species+
7461:11044212
7361:Wikidata
7245:gharials
7127:Gavialis
6896:C. halli
6788:M. niger
6620:Reptilia
6614:Chordata
6612:Phylum:
6608:Animalia
6556:Archived
6518:BBC News
6486:Species
6447:(2003).
6425:(1910).
6403:(1909).
6381:(1898).
6276:24010818
6133:(1901).
6111:(1895).
5776:42140696
5705:(1980).
5602:84655220
5400:"Mugger
5387:: 16−18.
5351:Cybister
5343:(1935).
5007:91126092
4466:28917711
4413:22431965
4373:PLOS ONE
4272:(1890).
4225:21459152
4142:85824292
4103:24095837
4038:30051855
4012:(1881).
3982:26865840
3929:18372192
3884:33907305
3824:22023592
3737:17 April
3654:34567843
3584:See also
3550:drowning
3532:include
3530:ceremony
3488:pilgrims
3468:Sannyasa
3441:Kamadeva
3429:virility
3390:Sanskrit
3259:rivers.
3162:clutches
3135:Tool use
3077:tortoise
2910:Wilpattu
2820:Mahanadi
2668:Chabahar
2531:smelling
2485:serrated
789:ancestor
705:radiated
553:was the
498:reptiles
355:Synonyms
278:Family:
236:Reptilia
226:Chordata
222:Phylum:
216:Animalia
202:Domain:
162:IUCN 3.1
7578:1398059
7435:2441350
7237:caimans
7112:Family
6849:Family
6646:Family
6618:Class:
6597:species
6593:Extant
6482:. 1905.
6216:3250095
5243:Bibcode
4987:Bibcode
4404:3303775
4381:Bibcode
4205:Bibcode
4029:6030529
3973:4742319
3909:Bibcode
3875:8079395
3645:8428266
3561:jackals
3546:coconut
3522:worship
3504:Jessore
3480:Karachi
3421:yakshas
3412:of the
3301:drained
3290:Threats
3251:of the
3237:gharial
3117:pythons
3067:and on
3057:beetles
3041:rodents
3033:monkeys
3029:turtles
2945:Myanmar
2904:rivers.
2769:Gujarat
2752:Chambal
2672:drought
2631:Gujarat
2556:in the
2527:hearing
2502:on the
2491:of the
1217:
831:
801:Myanmar
730:Miocene
596:to the
526:on the
506:mammals
490:insects
474:burrows
458:marshes
452:to the
431:snouted
407:kimbula
382:, 1831
376:indicus
334:, 1831)
288:Genus:
268:Order:
232:Class:
177: (
160: (
120:↓
46:Present
7539:158098
7526:458957
7500:184238
7474:202196
7422:795277
7367:Q81207
7252:Topics
6735:Caiman
6520:. 2019
6274:
6214:
5978:
5901:
5774:
5600:
5005:
4971:&
4464:
4411:
4401:
4223:
4176:
4140:
4122:Copeia
4101:
4036:
4026:
3980:
3970:
3927:
3882:
3872:
3822:
3652:
3642:
3573:. The
3518:tribes
3510:Vasava
3496:sacred
3474:saint
3472:Muslim
3470:. The
3437:emblem
3417:Varuna
3394:makara
3342:and a
3257:Yamuna
3253:Ganges
3119:. In
3097:cattle
3085:chital
3075:and a
3065:shrimp
3045:otters
3025:snakes
2937:Bhutan
2902:Kaveri
2862:Kaveri
2849:Goa's
2684:hamuns
2664:Makran
2649:canals
2583:, Iran
2523:visual
2519:living
2517:among
2504:palate
2500:suture
2477:scutes
1568:fossil
1547:Below
744:Fossil
738:living
661:. The
638:. The
631:about
466:rivers
438:mugger
405:subsp.
332:Lesson
7573:WoRMS
7565:10096
7513:81492
7456:IRMNG
7448:26063
7293:Human
6454:(PDF)
6272:JSTOR
6212:JSTOR
6088:"मगर"
6069:"मकर"
6054:(PDF)
6006:(PDF)
5976:S2CID
5927:(PDF)
5876:XXXIX
5868:(PDF)
5772:S2CID
5752:(PDF)
5598:S2CID
5353:sp.)"
5327:(PDF)
5003:S2CID
4868:(PDF)
4503:(PDF)
4311:(PDF)
4174:S2CID
4138:S2CID
4099:JSTOR
3621:PeerJ
3514:Gamit
3484:Hindu
3433:Ganga
3423:. In
3398:Hindi
3101:goats
3061:crabs
2898:Moyar
2777:Kutch
2718:Terai
2515:snout
2483:with
797:Bagan
780:from
764:skull
620:genus
502:birds
470:ponds
462:lakes
256:Clade
243:Clade
179:CITES
173:CITES
7495:NCBI
7487:5667
7482:IUCN
7469:ITIS
7430:GBIF
7409:ZKNN
7243:and
5999:and
5899:ISBN
5827:help
4727:2012
4696:2015
4462:PMID
4409:PMID
4221:PMID
4126:2000
4034:PMID
3978:PMID
3925:PMID
3880:PMID
3820:PMID
3739:2022
3708:2022
3700:2013
3650:PMID
3544:and
3534:rice
3526:milk
3443:. A
3388:The
3344:fine
3262:The
3255:and
3160:two
3099:and
3063:and
3049:dogs
3047:and
2916:and
2914:Yala
2900:and
2886:and
2876:and
2864:and
2822:and
2808:and
2758:and
2736:and
2724:and
2644:and
2529:and
1803:Voay
1563:and
710:Voay
695:. A
565:the
514:4.19
504:and
494:fish
478:eggs
450:Iran
440:and
419:The
380:Gray
374:var.
59:PreꞒ
7417:EoL
7404:CoL
7391:ADW
6492:at
6204:doi
5966:doi
5764:doi
5760:595
5734:103
5656:doi
5625:103
5590:doi
5530:doi
5443:doi
5251:doi
5220:104
5150:doi
5094:doi
5061:doi
4995:doi
4837:doi
4806:100
4656:doi
4454:doi
4450:183
4399:PMC
4389:doi
4249:doi
4245:191
4213:doi
4166:doi
4130:doi
4024:PMC
4014:doi
4010:285
3968:PMC
3960:doi
3917:doi
3870:PMC
3860:doi
3810:doi
3640:PMC
3630:doi
3542:oil
3502:in
3439:of
3282:in
2923:In
2842:in
2793:'s
2784:'s
2756:Ken
758:’s
713:of
673:),
588:by
7597::
7575::
7562::
7549::
7547:RD
7536::
7523::
7510::
7497::
7484::
7471::
7458::
7445::
7432::
7419::
7406::
7393::
7378::
7363::
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7235:,
6516:.
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6476:.
6429:.
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6385:.
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6210:.
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