1891:
protein-free formula. They may also be treated with medicines such as ranitidine or proton pump inhibitors. Proton pump inhibitors, however, have not been found to be effective in this population and there is a lack of evidence for safety. The role of an occupational therapist with an infant with GERD includes positioning during and after feeding. One technique used is called the log-roll technique, which is practiced when changing an infant's clothing or diapers. Placing an infant on their back while having their legs lifted is not recommended since it causes the acid to flow back up the esophagus. Instead, the occupational therapist would suggest rolling the child on the side, keeping the shoulders and hips aligned to avoid acid rising up the baby's esophagus. Another technique used is feeding the baby on their side with an upright position instead of lying flat on their back. The final positioning technique used for infants is to keep them on their stomach or upright for 20 minutes after feeding.
1810:. In this procedure, the upper part of the stomach is wrapped around the lower esophageal sphincter to strengthen the sphincter and prevent acid reflux and to repair a hiatal hernia. It is recommended only for those who do not improve with PPIs. Quality of life is improved in the short term compared to medical therapy, but there is uncertainty in the benefits of surgery versus long-term medical management with proton pump inhibitors. When comparing different fundoplication techniques, partial posterior fundoplication surgery is more effective than partial anterior fundoplication surgery, and partial fundoplication has better outcomes than total fundoplication.
69:
1824:(FDA) approved a device called the LINX, which consists of a series of metal beads with magnetic cores that are placed surgically around the lower esophageal sphincter, for those with severe symptoms that do not respond to other treatments. Improvement of GERD symptoms is similar to those of the Nissen fundoplication, although there is no data regarding long-term effects. Compared to Nissen fundoplication procedures, the procedure has shown a reduction in complications such as
1451:
1739:. If a once-daily PPI is only partially effective they may be used twice a day. They should be taken one half to one hour before a meal. There is no significant difference between PPIs. When these medications are used long-term, the lowest effective dose should be taken. They may also be taken only when symptoms occur in those with frequent problems. H
7684:
1295:
1287:
1349:
1686:, and to consume small frequent meals and drink liquids between meals. Some evidence suggests that reduced sugar intake and increased fiber intake can help. Although moderate exercise may improve symptoms in people with GERD, vigorous exercise may worsen them. Breathing exercises may relieve GERD symptoms.
1872:
GERD is a common condition that develops during pregnancy, but usually resolves after delivery. The severity of symptoms tend to increase throughout the pregnancy. In pregnancy, dietary modifications and lifestyle changes may be attempted, but often have little effect. Some lifestyle changes that can
1899:
In
Western populations, GERD affects approximately 10% to 20% of the population and 0.4% newly develop the condition. For instance, an estimated 3.4 million to 6.8 million Canadians have GERD. The prevalence rate of GERD in developed nations is also tightly linked with age, with adults aged 60 to 70
1302:
Acid reflux into the mouth can cause breakdown of the enamel, especially on the inside surface of the teeth. A dry mouth, acid or burning sensation in the mouth, bad breath and redness of the palate may occur. Less common symptoms of GERD include difficulty in swallowing, water brash, chronic cough,
1681:
Some foods such as chocolate, mint, high-fat food, and alcohol have been shown to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing the risk of reflux. Weight loss is recommended for the overweight or obese, as well as avoidance of bedtime snacks or lying down immediately after meals (meals should
1115:
Treatment options include lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes surgery for those who do not improve with the first two measures. Lifestyle changes include not lying down for three hours after eating, lying down on the left side, raising the pillow or bedhead height, losing weight, and
1944:
uses electrodes to apply radio-frequency energy to the LES. A 2015 systematic review and meta-analysis in response to the systematic review (no meta-analysis) conducted by SAGES did not support the claims that
Stretta was an effective treatment for GERD. A 2012 systematic review found that it
1890:
Babies may see relief with smaller, more frequent feedings, more frequent burping during feedings, holding the baby in an upright position 30 minutes after feeding, keeping the baby's head elevated while laying on the back, removing milk and soy from the mother's diet or feeding the baby milk
1147:
with 18% to 28% of the population suffering from the condition. Occasional gastroesophageal reflux without troublesome symptoms or complications is even more common. The classic symptoms of GERD were first described in 1925, when
Friedenwald and Feldman commented on heartburn and its possible
1499:
The current gold standard for diagnosis of GERD is esophageal pH monitoring. It is the most objective test to diagnose the reflux disease and allows monitoring GERD patients in their response to medical or surgical treatment. One practice for diagnosis of GERD is a short-term treatment with
1877:
are recommended if these changes are not effective; aluminum- and magnesium hydroxide-based antacids are also safe. Antacids that contain sodium bicarbonate or magnesium trisilicate should be avoided in pregnancy. Sucralfate has been studied in pregnancy and proven to be safe as is
4556:
Kurian AA, Bhayani N, Sharata A, et al. (January 2013). "Partial anterior vs partial posterior fundoplication following transabdominal esophagocardiomyotomy for achalasia of the esophagus: meta-regression of objective postoperative gastroesophageal reflux and dysphagia".
1916:
branches that innervate the stomach lining. This treatment has been largely replaced by medication. Vagotomy by itself tended to worsen contraction of the pyloric sphincter of the stomach, and delayed stomach emptying. Historically, vagotomy was combined with
1310:, together with intact enamel along the gum margin. It will be evident in people with restorations as tooth structure typically dissolves much faster than the restorative material, causing it to seem as if it "stands above" the surrounding tooth structure.
1682:
occur at least 2–3 hours before bedtime), elevation of the head of the bed on 6-inch blocks, avoidance of smoking, and avoidance of tight clothing that increases pressure in the stomach. It may be beneficial to avoid spices, citrus juices, tomatoes and
1277:
Of the estimated 4 million babies born in the US each year, up to 35% of them may have difficulties with reflux in the first few months of their lives, known as 'spitting up'. About 90% of infants will outgrow their reflux by their first birthday.
1873:
be implemented are elevating the head of the bed, eating small portions of food at regularly scheduled intervals, reduce fluid intake with a meal, avoid eating three hours before bedtime, and refrain from lying down after eating. Calcium-based
5841:
5826:
5811:
5796:
1515:, the examination of the stomach with a fibre-optic scope, is not routinely needed if the case is typical and responds to treatment. It is recommended when people either do not respond well to treatment or have alarm symptoms, including
1716:. The use of acid suppression therapy is a common response to GERD symptoms and many people get more of this kind of treatment than their case merits. The overuse of acid suppression is a problem because of the side effects and costs.
1948:
NDO Surgical
Plicator creates a plication, or fold, of tissue near the gastroesophageal junction, and fixates the plication with a suture-based implant. The company ceased operations in mid-2008, and the device is no longer on the
1270:, and other respiratory problems, such as wheezing. Inconsolable crying, refusing food, crying for food and then pulling off the bottle or breast only to cry for it again, failure to gain adequate weight, bad breath, and
1531:, weight loss, or voice changes. Some physicians advocate either once-in-a-lifetime or 5- to 10-yearly endoscopy for people with longstanding GERD, to evaluate the possible presence of dysplasia or Barrett's esophagus.
2309:
Parker M (June 2010). "Book Review: Krause's Food and
Nutrition TherapyMahanLKEscott-StumpS. Krause's Food and Nutrition Therapy. 12th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; (2007). 1376 pp, $ $ 149.95. ISBN: 978-1-4160-3401-8".
5558:
Perry KA, Banerjee A, Melvin WS (August 2012). "Radiofrequency energy delivery to the lower esophageal sphincter reduces esophageal acid exposure and improves GERD symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
1392:
is associated with more severe GERD. In a large series of 2,000 patients with symptomatic reflux disease, it has been shown that 13% of changes in esophageal acid exposure is attributable to changes in body mass
1816:
is an alternative procedure that is sometimes used to treat neurologically impaired children with GERD. Preliminary studies have shown it may have a lower failure rate and a lower incidence of recurrent reflux.
1469:
The diagnosis of GERD is usually made when typical symptoms are present. Reflux can be present in people without symptoms and the diagnosis requires both symptoms or complications and reflux of stomach content.
4812:
3328:"Obesity and gastroesophageal reflux: quantifying the association between body mass index, esophageal acid exposure, and lower esophageal sphincter status in a large series of patients with reflux symptoms"
1937:
Endocinch puts stitches in the lower esophogeal sphincter (LES) to create small pleats to help strengthen the muscle. However, long-term results were disappointing, and the device is no longer sold by Bard.
2141:
3750:
Numans ME, Lau J, de Wit NJ, Bonis PA (April 2004). "Short-term treatment with proton-pump inhibitors as a test for gastroesophageal reflux disease: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test characteristics".
1602:
Severity may be documented with the
Johnson-DeMeester's scoring system: 0 – None 1 – Minimal – occasional episodes 2 – Moderate – medical therapy visits 3 – Severe – interference with daily activities
1828:
that commonly occur. Adverse responses include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, vomiting, and nausea. Contraindications that would advise against use of the device are patients who are or may be
6780:
3948:
7258:
5523:
Lipka S, Kumar A, Richter JE (June 2015). "No evidence for efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
5250:
3838:
2147:
1678:
Medical nutrition therapy plays an essential role in managing the symptoms of the disease by preventing reflux, preventing pain and irritation, and decreasing gastric secretions.
4989:
Body C, Christie JA (June 2016). "Gastrointestinal
Diseases in Pregnancy: Nausea, Vomiting, Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Constipation, and Diarrhea".
2570:
Zajac P, Holbrook A, Super ME, et al. (March–April 2013). "An overview: Current clinical guidelines for the evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and management of dyspepsia".
1442:
study, reported in 2004, found no clinically significant difference between these two types of patients with regard to the subjective or objective measures of disease severity.
5122:
5958:
4641:
Gatti C, di
Abriola GF, Villa M, et al. (May 2001). "Esophagogastric dissociation versus fundoplication: Which is best for severely neurologically impaired children?".
1900:
being the most commonly affected. In the United States 20% of people have symptoms in a given week and 7% every day. No data supports sex predominance with regard to GERD.
5187:
van der Pol RJ, Smits MJ, van Wijk MP, et al. (May 2011). "Efficacy of proton-pump inhibitors in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review".
6462:
5317:"Canadian Digestive Health Foundation Public Impact Series: Gastroesophageal reflux disease in Canada: Incidence, prevalence, and direct and indirect economic impact"
4809:
2850:
Lechien JR, Bobin F, Muls V, et al. (December 2019). "Gastroesophageal reflux in laryngopharyngeal reflux patients: Clinical features and therapeutic response".
1336:. The risk of progression from Barrett's to dysplasia is uncertain, but is estimated at 20% of cases. Due to the risk of chronic heartburn progressing to Barrett's,
1262:
since they cannot describe what they are feeling and indicators must be observed. Symptoms may vary from typical adult symptoms. GERD in children may cause repeated
5144:
Tighe MP, Afzal NA, Bevan A, Beattie RM (2009). "Current pharmacological management of gastro-esophageal reflux in children: an evidence-based systematic review".
3416:
Kasasbeh A, Kasasbeh E, Krishnaswamy G (2007). "Potential mechanisms connecting asthma, esophageal reflux, and obesity/sleep apnea complex—a hypothetical review".
7704:
7590:
7251:
2948:
1116:
stopping smoking. Foods that may precipitate GERD symptoms include coffee, alcohol, chocolate, fatty foods, acidic foods, and spicy foods. Medications include
6057:
1771:(a prokinetic) is not recommended either alone or in combination with other treatments due to concerns around adverse effects. The benefit of the prokinetic
2353:
1855:
Some patients who are at an increased surgical risk or do not tolerate PPIs may qualify for a more recently developed incisionless procedure known as a TIF
2807:
Lechien JR, Saussez S, Karkos PD (December 2018). "Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic challenges in 2018".
965:
2067:
6096:
3564:"There is no difference in the disease severity of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease between patients infected and not infected with Helicobacter pylori"
3299:
Ayazi S, Crookes PF, Peyre CG, et al. (September 2007). "Objective documentation of the link between gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity".
7620:
4724:
Goyal A, Khalil B, Choo K, et al. (June 2005). "Esophagogastric dissociation in the neurologically impaired: an alternative to fundoplication?".
3968:
7244:
5641:
3941:
3176:
3800:
3197:
5951:
2934:
1970:
1798:
receptor, while effective, has similar issues of needing frequent dosing in addition to greater adverse effects compared to other medications.
1646:
The treatments for GERD may include food choices, lifestyle changes, medications, and possibly surgery. Initial treatment is frequently with a
5602:
Testoni PA, Vailati C (August 2012). "Transoral incisionless fundoplication with EsophyX® for treatment of gastro-oesphageal reflux disease".
5242:
7638:
7605:
6324:
3818:
2975:
2542:
2503:
2224:
2008:
1952:
1856:
2895:"Review article: supra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and the role of night-time gastro-oesophageal reflux"
2049:
3831:
2064:"reflux noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes - Oxford Advanced American Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com"
2136:
2031:
2548:
2509:
2230:
2015:
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is defined as 'gastrooesophageal reflux' associated with complications including oesophagitis...
5856:
2606:
5034:"American gastroenterological association institute medical position statement on the use of gastrointestinal medications in pregnancy"
4831:"Long-term outcomes of transoral incisionless fundoplication for gastro-esophageal reflux disease: systematic-review and meta-analysis"
1492:
may be useful in those who do not improve after PPIs and is not needed in those in whom
Barrett's esophagus is seen. Investigation for
7437:
6537:
5944:
1638:. Differential diagnosis of GERD can also include dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, esophageal and gastric cancer, and food allergies.
549:
5114:
7209:
7056:
1658:. This is often safer and less expensive than taking prescription drugs. Some guidelines recommend trying to treat symptoms with an
506:
4140:
Newberry C, Lynch K (20 July 2017). "Can We Use Diet to
Effectively Treat Esophageal Disease? A Review of the Current Literature".
1201:. The acid reflux can induce asthma attack symptoms like shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing in those with underlying asthma.
7595:
6954:
1695:
7095:
6707:
6690:
6195:
6190:
3484:
O'Connor HJ (February 1999). "Helicobacter pylori and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease-clinical implications and management".
958:
62:
British: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD); gastric reflux disease, acid reflux disease, reflux, gastroesophageal reflux
6220:
6949:
6905:
6799:
6621:
5679:
4602:"Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease: total or partial fundoplication? systematic review and meta-analysis"
3527:
El-Omar EM, Oien K, El-Nujumi A, et al. (1997). "Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic gastric acid hyposecretion".
1631:
1465:: This is a complication of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and can be a cause of dysphagia or difficulty swallowing.
922:
7160:
3726:
2711:
2411:
7006:
3727:"American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
3692:"American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
2412:"American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
2377:"American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
2174:"American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
555:
4829:
Testoni, S, Hassan, C, Mazzoleni, G, Antonelli, G, Fanti, L, Passaretti, S, Correale, L, Cavestro, G, Testoni, P (2021).
2785:
1567:(EE) if eosinophils are present in high enough numbers. Less than 20 eosinophils per high-power microscopic field in the
1306:
Signs of enamel erosion are the appearance of a smooth, silky-glazed, sometimes dull, enamel surface with the absence of
87:) entering the esophagus (three vertical collections of white material in the mid-line of the chest) due to severe reflux
6915:
6434:
6042:
1975:
1821:
1813:
712:
6129:
7655:
4509:"Laparoscopic fundoplication surgery versus medical management for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) in adults"
2001:
Gastroenterology & Nutrition: Prepare for the MRCPCH. Key Articles from the Paediatrics & Child Health journal
907:
6025:
3864:
2081:
7709:
7674:
6495:
6424:
5649:
4327:
Nardino RJ, Vender RJ, Herbert PN (November 2000). "Overuse of acid-suppressive therapy in hospitalized patients".
1849:
1474:
1365:
1337:
1089:
951:
425:
296:
4689:
Morabito A, Lall A, Lo Piccolo R, et al. (May 2006). "Total esophagogastric dissociation: 10 years' review".
1274:
are also common. Children may have one symptom or many; no single symptom is universal in all children with GERD.
6768:
6724:
6677:
6483:
6101:
2952:
2345:
1980:
1848:
materials. A warning advises that the device should not be used by patients who could be exposed to, or undergo,
1485:
1231:
1166:
1077:
1018:
530:
6794:
1500:
proton-pump inhibitors, with improvement in symptoms suggesting a positive diagnosis. Short-term treatment with
7114:
6429:
6387:
6200:
6075:
6062:
6003:
5867:
4101:"Are lifestyle measures effective in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease? An evidence-based approach"
2063:
1627:
1564:
1489:
1239:
1105:
1073:
994:
927:
341:
6032:
1212:– inflammation of esophageal epithelium which can cause ulcers near the junction of the stomach and esophagus
7643:
7039:
6816:
6557:
6349:
6008:
4819:, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Update of 17 January 2014
887:
794:
482:
451:
264:
7600:
7343:
7119:
6843:
6826:
6236:
6210:
6086:
6037:
5998:
5976:
5968:
5706:
4880:"Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication for Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Where Do We Stand?"
1756:
1724:
1655:
1560:
1501:
1325:
1319:
1221:
1046:
881:
352:
277:
68:
5480:
Jafri SM, Arora G, Triadafilopoulos G (July 2009). "What is left of the endoscopic antireflux devices?".
3173:
1504:
may help predict abnormal 24-hour pH monitoring results among patients with symptoms suggestive of GERD.
1228:(changes of the epithelial cells from squamous to intestinal columnar epithelium) of the distal esophagus
7479:
7367:
7051:
6959:
6920:
6848:
3794:
3193:
1807:
1667:
1647:
1204:
GERD sometimes causes injury to the esophagus. These injuries may include one or more of the following:
1129:
912:
787:
663:
623:
401:
33:
6970:
6151:
2894:
1340:
every five years is recommended for people with chronic heartburn, or who take drugs for chronic GERD.
1790:
receptor blockers; however, sucralfate needs to be taken multiple times a day, thus limiting its use.
1571:
esophagus, in the presence of other histologic features of GERD, is more consistent with GERD than EE.
7494:
7090:
7034:
6855:
6751:
6334:
6329:
6163:
6081:
6047:
5272:
Elser HE (2012). "Positioning after feedings: what is the evidence to reduce feeding intolerances?".
1243:
1215:
1109:
1042:
897:
849:
583:
357:
345:
273:
5711:
3254:"Nocturnal reflux episodes following the administration of a standardized meal. Does timing matter?"
2265:
Hershcovici T, Fass R (April 2011). "Pharmacological management of GERD: where does it stand now?".
618:
7184:
6994:
6887:
6870:
6831:
6804:
6756:
6599:
6576:
6569:
6518:
6490:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6319:
5845:
1965:
917:
828:
729:
693:
593:
540:
84:
2045:
7499:
7412:
7328:
7196:
7061:
7044:
7029:
7016:
6999:
6865:
6392:
6364:
6124:
6020:
5985:
5732:
5584:
5505:
5212:
5169:
4582:
4448:
4306:
4165:
3776:
3593:
3509:
3281:
2924:
2875:
2832:
2777:
1825:
1524:
1488:
is not recommended for use in the diagnosis, being recommended only prior to surgery. Ambulatory
754:
545:
242:
7458:
6500:
6298:
2027:
17:
7236:
7174:
7155:
6528:
5907:
5878:
5805:
5767:
5724:
5666:
5619:
5576:
5540:
5497:
5462:
5444:
5405:
5387:
5348:
5297:
5289:
5204:
5161:
5096:
5055:
5014:
5006:
4960:
4909:
4860:
4792:
4741:
4706:
4668:
4623:
4574:
4538:
4489:
4440:
4396:
4344:
4298:
4257:
4216:
4157:
4122:
4081:
4027:
3914:
3906:
3814:
3768:
3713:
3659:
3585:
3544:
3501:
3460:
3433:
3398:
3377:"Is there a relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and gastroesophageal reflux disease?"
3357:
3273:
3234:
3156:
3121:
3029:
2971:
2916:
2867:
2824:
2769:
2685:
2667:
2633:
2538:
2532:
2499:
2493:
2474:
2456:
2398:
2327:
2282:
2220:
2214:
2195:
2004:
1941:
1922:
1356:
A small amount of acid reflux is typical even in healthy people (as with infrequent and minor
1333:
1149:
1096:
and the esophagus. Diagnosis among those who do not improve with simpler measures may involve
804:
613:
502:
492:
433:
361:
328:
230:
7569:
7221:
7141:
7136:
7126:
6988:
6860:
6788:
6606:
6513:
6508:
6438:
6397:
6205:
6170:
5757:
5716:
5658:
5611:
5568:
5532:
5489:
5452:
5436:
5395:
5379:
5338:
5328:
5281:
5196:
5153:
5086:
5045:
4998:
4950:
4940:
4899:
4891:
4850:
4842:
4782:
4772:
4733:
4698:
4658:
4650:
4613:
4566:
4528:
4520:
4479:
4430:
4386:
4378:
4336:
4288:
4247:
4206:
4196:
4183:
Festi D, Scaioli E, Baldi F, Vestito A, Pasqui F, Di Biase AR, Colecchia A (14 April 2009).
4149:
4112:
4071:
4063:
4017:
4009:
3898:
3764:
3760:
3703:
3649:
3575:
3536:
3493:
3425:
3388:
3347:
3339:
3308:
3265:
3224:
3148:
3111:
3103:
3070:
3060:
3019:
3009:
2906:
2859:
2816:
2759:
2749:
2675:
2623:
2615:
2579:
2464:
2448:
2388:
2319:
2274:
2185:
1424:
In 1999, a review of existing studies found that, on average, 40% of GERD patients also had
1198:
844:
839:
719:
603:
598:
565:
535:
487:
365:
235:
205:
185:
100:
1618:
should be ruled out before making the diagnosis. Another kind of acid reflux, which causes
1068:, and taking certain medications. Medications that may cause or worsen the disease include
7688:
7382:
7179:
7109:
6975:
6910:
6875:
6746:
6611:
6547:
6449:
6368:
6359:
6309:
6249:
6134:
6111:
4816:
4277:"Decreased acid suppression therapy overuse after education and medication reconciliation"
3180:
1837:
1389:
1182:
1101:
819:
774:
724:
674:
651:
645:
588:
560:
337:
5936:
5697:
Hirano I, Richter JE (March 2007). "ACG practice guidelines: esophageal reflux testing".
4929:"Update on novel endoscopic therapies to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease: A review"
4419:"Meta-analysis: the efficacy of over-the-counter gastro-oesophageal reflux disease drugs"
2764:
7649:
7216:
7131:
6685:
6658:
6523:
6458:
6454:
6344:
6314:
5850:
5835:
5457:
5424:
5400:
5367:
5343:
5316:
4955:
4928:
4904:
4879:
4855:
4830:
4787:
4760:
4533:
4508:
4391:
4366:
4211:
4184:
4076:
4051:
4022:
3997:
3352:
3327:
3229:
3212:
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3075:
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3024:
2997:
2680:
2655:
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2601:
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2436:
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1478:
1069:
932:
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525:
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3376:
3312:
2437:"Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review"
1143:, between 10 and 20% of the population is affected by GERD. It is highly prevalent in
7698:
7504:
7422:
7338:
7285:
7149:
7102:
6895:
6838:
6821:
6733:
6478:
6305:
6180:
6146:
6091:
5720:
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5216:
5157:
4435:
4418:
3580:
3563:
3497:
3269:
3152:
2911:
2879:
1701:
1659:
1615:
1379:
1364:
develop into a recurrent problem. Frequent acid reflux is due to poor closure of the
1144:
1140:
1121:
1065:
1022:
892:
813:
744:
497:
393:
320:
80:
5736:
5173:
4618:
4601:
4452:
4310:
4169:
3780:
3513:
3285:
2929:
2836:
7549:
7489:
7407:
7397:
7387:
7377:
7276:
7268:
7024:
6936:
6809:
6712:
6663:
6648:
6643:
6639:
6552:
6377:
6293:
6185:
6175:
6141:
5588:
5509:
4737:
4702:
4586:
4524:
2781:
1918:
1845:
1760:
1713:
1594:
Reflux changes that are not erosive in nature lead to "nonerosive reflux disease".
1559:
Eosinophilic inflammation (usually due to reflux): The presence of intraepithelial
1549:
1439:
1418:
937:
872:
854:
749:
739:
679:
5918:
5687:
3734:
3597:
2419:
5872:
5572:
5493:
5285:
5050:
5033:
4570:
3708:
3691:
2820:
2703:
2393:
2376:
2190:
2173:
1218:– the persistent narrowing of the esophagus caused by reflux-induced inflammation
1005:, resulting in symptoms and/or complications. Symptoms include dental corrosion,
7554:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7484:
7427:
7417:
7352:
7313:
7204:
6966:
6944:
6775:
6695:
6339:
6240:
5993:
5924:
5902:
5746:"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
5075:"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
4382:
4013:
3638:"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
3065:
2495:
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Principles of Disease, Diagnosis, and Treatment
1913:
1619:
1454:
1401:
1382:, which increases the likelihood of GERD due to mechanical and motility factors.
1209:
1178:
1174:
1133:
1097:
1038:
1014:
834:
769:
764:
477:
472:
462:
405:
333:
303:
269:
40:
5921:
5883:
4117:
4100:
3452:
3429:
2583:
2452:
2278:
1450:
7574:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7463:
7453:
7448:
7402:
7392:
7323:
7318:
7308:
7303:
7298:
6980:
6653:
6631:
6276:
6215:
5662:
5615:
5536:
5002:
4153:
3902:
3343:
3107:
2737:
1879:
1783:
1736:
1728:
1683:
1651:
1611:
1434:
can lead to an increase in acid secretion, leading to the question of whether
1406:
1329:
1225:
1190:
1030:
1026:
799:
689:
467:
457:
384:
256:
5448:
5391:
5293:
5010:
4945:
4067:
4052:"Overutilization of proton-pump inhibitors: What the clinician needs to know"
3910:
3865:"Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (Silent Reflux): Causes, Treatment, Diet, and More"
2671:
2460:
2331:
2323:
1438:-infected GERD patients are any different from non-infected GERD patients. A
1165:
The most common symptoms of GERD in adults are an acidic taste in the mouth,
7564:
7559:
7514:
7509:
7357:
6930:
6900:
6763:
6741:
6594:
6445:
6419:
6281:
6271:
6158:
6119:
6052:
5913:
5830:
5820:
4777:
4654:
4252:
4235:
4185:"Body weight, lifestyle, dietary habits and gastroesophageal reflux disease"
3889:
Kellerman R, Kintanar T (December 2017). "Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease".
1933:
A number of endoscopic devices have been tested to treat chronic heartburn.
1772:
1634:(EERD). Unlike GERD, LPR rarely produces heartburn, and is sometimes called
1588:
1583:
1553:
1516:
1512:
1458:
1426:
1360:), but gastroesophageal reflux becomes gastroesophageal reflux disease when
1357:
1170:
1057:
1010:
1006:
1002:
877:
312:
252:
248:
5771:
5728:
5670:
5623:
5580:
5544:
5501:
5409:
5352:
5301:
5208:
5200:
5165:
5100:
5059:
5018:
4964:
4913:
4864:
4796:
4745:
4710:
4672:
4627:
4578:
4542:
4493:
4444:
4400:
4348:
4302:
4261:
4220:
4161:
4126:
4085:
4031:
3942:
Using the Proton Pump Inhibitors to Treat Heartburn and Stomach Acid Reflux
3918:
3772:
3717:
3663:
3589:
3505:
3464:
3437:
3402:
3361:
3277:
3238:
3160:
3125:
3033:
2920:
2871:
2828:
2773:
2689:
2637:
2478:
2402:
2286:
2199:
5466:
5333:
4236:"The effect of breathing exercises on patients with GERD: a meta-analysis"
3548:
3014:
2619:
6564:
6542:
6254:
5762:
5745:
5091:
5074:
3654:
3637:
2754:
2738:"ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus"
2085:
1909:
1874:
1852:(MRI) because of serious injury to the patient and damage to the device.
1833:
1791:
1764:
1752:
1709:
1414:
1307:
1267:
1263:
1194:
824:
655:
641:
4895:
4846:
4201:
6616:
6382:
6286:
6258:
4663:
4600:
Ramos RF, Lustosa SA, Almeida CA, et al. (October–December 2011).
4293:
4276:
2863:
1829:
1654:. In some cases, a person with GERD symptoms can manage them by taking
1462:
1385:
1369:
1271:
1117:
1093:
1061:
1053:
998:
809:
659:
447:
389:
316:
308:
5788:
7082:
6700:
6586:
5815:
5800:
5383:
2937:
from the original on 4 October 2023 – via Wiley Online Library.
1841:
1623:
1568:
1534:
1528:
1520:
1255:
1186:
1085:
1034:
902:
369:
39:"Acid reflex" redirects here. For the song by Oscar Jackson Jr., see
3253:
2966:
Maqbool A, Liacouras CA (2020). "Normal Digestive Tract Phenomena".
2346:"Best Sleeping Position For Acid Reflux: The Gerd Sleeping Position"
3813:
Mills, S (ed.) 2009.Sternberg's Diagnostic Pathology. 5th Edition.
2893:
Fass R, Achem SR, Harding S, Mittal RK, Quigley E (December 2004).
6532:
6262:
5423:
HINES JR, GEURKINK RE, KORNMESSER TA, WIKHOLM L, DAVIS RP (1975).
1700:
The primary medications used for GERD are proton-pump inhibitors,
1481:
1449:
1347:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1285:
1259:
1081:
684:
76:
4810:
Medical Device Approvals: LINX Reflux Management System - P100049
2046:"Definition of "esophagus" - Collins American English Dictionary"
5861:
4468:"The role of laparoscopic fundoplication in Barrett's esophagus"
3252:
Piesman M, Hwang I, Maydonovitch C, et al. (October 2007).
2534:
Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice: A Practical Approach
2142:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
1410:
1037:. In the long term, and when not treated, complications such as
699:
7240:
5940:
5640:
Lichtenstein DR, Cash BD, Davila R, et al. (August 2007).
5368:"Sex and Gender Differences in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease"
4765:
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics
3690:
Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, et al. (October 2008).
2375:
Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, et al. (October 2008).
2028:"Definition of "gastro-" - Collins American English Dictionary"
1397:
Factors that have been linked with GERD, but not conclusively:
1348:
3562:
Fallone CA, Barkun AN, Mayrand S, et al. (October 2004).
3194:"Patient information: Barrett's esophagus (Beyond the Basics)"
1541:
Edema and basal hyperplasia (nonspecific inflammatory changes)
1152:
described reflux and attributed the symptoms to stomach acid.
159:
148:
145:
5561:
Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques
191:
5315:
Fedorak RN, Veldhuyzen van Zanten S, Bridges R (July 2010).
5115:"Infant acid reflux - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic"
4761:"Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease"
1148:
relationship to a hiatal hernia. In 1934 gastroenterologist
211:
5243:"Helping Baby with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder (GERD)"
3969:"Choosing a PPI to Treat Heartburn, Acid Reflux & GERD"
1859:. Benefits of this procedure may last for up to six years.
1021:, non-cardiac chest pain, extraesophageal symptoms such as
136:
118:
2736:
Shaheen NJ, Falk GW, Iyer PG, et al. (January 2016).
142:
130:
3049:"Gastroesophageal reflux disease and oral manifestations"
2435:
El-Serag HB, Sweet S, Winchester CC, Dent J (June 2014).
208:
188:
168:
121:
106:
103:
3832:"Testing for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease"
1574:
Goblet cell intestinal metaplasia or Barrett's esophagus
5247:
Occupational Therapy Services in North County San Diego
4466:
Abbas AE, Deschamps C, Cassivi SD, et al. (2004).
3326:
Ayazi S, Hagen JA, Chan LS, et al. (August 2009).
1955:, which uses a device called Esophyx, may be effective.
1912:("highly selective vagotomy"), the surgical removal of
1806:
The standard surgical treatment for severe GERD is the
2498:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 161.
7672:
2082:"GORD | Meaning & Definition for UK English"
1743:
receptor blockers lead to roughly a 40% improvement.
1088:
medicines. Acid reflux is due to poor closure of the
1001:
content persistently and regularly flows up into the
174:
171:
162:
133:
127:
124:
109:
5778:
1547:
Neutrophilic inflammation (usually due to reflux or
214:
194:
165:
156:
115:
112:
7583:
7472:
7436:
7366:
7337:
7284:
7195:
7081:
7074:
7015:
6929:
6886:
6732:
6723:
6676:
6630:
6585:
6471:
6358:
6248:
6235:
6110:
5984:
5975:
5893:
5782:
5425:"Vagotomy and Double Pyloroplasty for Peptic Ulcer"
5236:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5226:
4927:Hopkins J, Switzer NJ, Karmali S (25 August 2015).
4275:Gupta R, Marshall J, Munoz JC, et al. (2013).
4050:Heidelbaugh JJ, Kim AH, Chang R, Walker PC (2012).
2998:"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Tooth Erosion"
411:
383:
375:
351:
327:
302:
291:
283:
263:
241:
229:
153:
139:
91:
58:
53:
4234:Qiu K, Wang J, Chen B, Wang H, Ma C (March 2020).
2537:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 372.
2219:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 124.
2172:Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF (October 2008).
3947:(Report). Consumer Reports Best Buy Drugs. 2013.
3375:Morse CA, Quan SF, Mays MZ, et al. (2004).
4360:
4358:
4322:
4320:
4045:
4043:
4041:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3459:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
2731:
2729:
1674:Medical nutrition therapy and lifestyle changes
1457:image of peptic stricture, or narrowing of the
415:~15% (North American and European populations)
7591:Bismuth subcitrate/metronidazole/tetracycline
7252:
5952:
5680:"Role of endoscopy in the management of GERD"
5642:"Role of endoscopy in the management of GERD"
5372:Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
3141:Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry
2970:(21st ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.
1417:, which can affect the ability to neutralize
1332:, which is in turn a precursor condition for
959:
8:
6058:Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
4099:Kaltenbach T, Crockett S, Gerson LB (2006).
3631:
3629:
3627:
2996:Ranjitkar S, Kaidonis JA, Smales RJ (2012).
2492:Granderath FA, Kamolz T, Pointner R (2006).
1290:Frontal view of severe tooth erosion in GERD
4933:World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
4412:
4410:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
2595:
2593:
1759:=13) while a combination of an antacid and
1352:A comparison of a healthy condition to GERD
32:"GERD" redirects here. For other uses, see
27:Flow of stomach contents into the esophagus
7259:
7245:
7237:
7078:
6729:
6245:
6097:Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis
5981:
5959:
5945:
5937:
5779:
5744:Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF (March 2013).
5073:Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF (March 2013).
4281:International Journal of Clinical Practice
3685:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3636:Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF (March 2013).
2991:
2989:
2987:
2899:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
2260:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
966:
952:
420:
67:
50:
5761:
5710:
5456:
5399:
5366:Kim YS, Kim N, Kim GH (30 October 2016).
5342:
5332:
5090:
5049:
4991:Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
4954:
4944:
4903:
4854:
4786:
4776:
4662:
4617:
4532:
4483:
4434:
4390:
4292:
4251:
4210:
4200:
4116:
4075:
4021:
3707:
3653:
3579:
3392:
3351:
3228:
3115:
3074:
3064:
3023:
3013:
2928:
2910:
2763:
2753:
2679:
2627:
2468:
2392:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2189:
2167:
2165:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2003:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 130.
5525:Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
4056:Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
3998:"Overprescribing proton pump inhibitors"
3796:Patient information: Barrett's esophagus
2656:"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)"
2137:"Acid Reflux (GER & GERD) in Adults"
7679:
4513:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3765:10.7326/0003-4819-140-7-200404060-00011
1991:
1971:EndoStim Electrical Stimulation Therapy
1767:) may improve symptoms by 60% (NNT=4).
1755:is weaker with a benefit of about 10% (
1731:, are the most effective, followed by H
1537:performed during gastroscopy may show:
1368:, which is at the junction between the
1361:
1242:(LPR). Other complications can include
1092:, which is at the junction between the
432:
379:Lifestyle changes, medications, surgery
83:from the stomach (white material below
4984:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4507:Garg SK, Gurusamy KS (November 2015).
4417:Tran T, Lowry AM, El-Serag HB (2007).
4367:"Overprescribing PPIs: An old problem"
3200:from the original on 9 September 2017.
3047:Romano C, Cardile S (11 August 2014).
2233:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1544:Lymphocytic inflammation (nonspecific)
7705:Medical conditions related to obesity
7606:Vonoprazan/amoxicillin/clarithromycin
6325:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
4684:
4682:
3954:from the original on 22 February 2020
3803:from the original on 9 September 2017
3092:"Erosion--diagnosis and risk factors"
2649:
2647:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2150:from the original on 22 February 2020
2070:from the original on 8 December 2015.
2052:from the original on 8 December 2015.
2034:from the original on 8 December 2015.
1953:Transoral incisionless fundoplication
1857:transoral incisionless fundoplication
1670:because of cost and safety concerns.
1375:Factors that can contribute to GERD:
7:
5750:American Journal of Gastroenterology
5699:American Journal of Gastroenterology
5321:Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology
5079:American Journal of Gastroenterology
4329:American Journal of Gastroenterology
3642:American Journal of Gastroenterology
3451:Tanaja J, Lopez RA, Meer JM (2022),
3301:American Journal of Gastroenterology
3258:American Journal of Gastroenterology
3139:Donovan T (2009). "Dental erosion".
2809:Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
2788:from the original on 7 November 2020
2708:The Lecturio Medical Concept Library
5482:Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
3844:from the original on 20 August 2018
2607:The New England Journal of Medicine
2551:from the original on 5 January 2020
2512:from the original on 1 January 2020
1580:Thinning of the squamous cell layer
1303:hoarse voice, nausea and vomiting.
1254:GERD may be difficult to detect in
3002:International Journal of Dentistry
2951:. familydoctor.org. Archived from
2654:Clarrett DM, Hachem C (May 2018).
2531:Arcangelo VP, Peterson AM (2006).
2356:from the original on 26 April 2021
2267:Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
1484:should not be used for diagnosis.
550:Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome
25:
7210:Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
7057:Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
5032:Mahadevan U, Kane S (July 2006).
4189:World Journal of Gastroenterology
3996:Forgacs I, Loganayagam A (2008).
3313:10.14309/00000434-200709002-00059
2714:from the original on 22 July 2021
2602:"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease"
1473:Other investigations may include
987:gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
7682:
7596:Omeprazole/amoxicillin/rifabutin
6955:Secondary sclerosing cholangitis
5721:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00936.x
5684:National Guideline Clearinghouse
5441:10.1097/00000658-197501000-00010
5241:chantelpowellot (14 July 2014).
5158:10.2165/00148581-200911030-00004
5125:from the original on 14 May 2020
4878:Jain D, Singhal S (March 2016).
4436:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03135.x
4142:Current Gastroenterology Reports
3731:National Guideline Clearinghouse
3581:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02171.x
3498:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00460.x
3270:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01348.x
3153:10.1111/j.1708-8240.2009.00291.x
3090:Lussi A, Jaeggi T (March 2008).
2912:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02253.x
2416:National Guideline Clearinghouse
1696:Drugs for acid-related disorders
204:
184:
99:
18:Gastroesophageal reflux disorder
6196:Gastric antral vascular ectasia
6191:Portal hypertensive gastropathy
6068:Gastroesophageal reflux disease
5253:from the original on 4 May 2021
4619:10.1590/s0004-28032011000400007
3183:. Retrieved on 1 February 2009.
1409:, which can impede the flow of
1173:. Less common symptoms include
979:Gastroesophageal reflux disease
54:Gastroesophageal reflux disease
6950:Primary sclerosing cholangitis
6800:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
6622:Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
4738:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.03.004
4703:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.013
4525:10.1002/14651858.CD003243.pub3
3830:Michael F. Vaezi, MD PhD MSc.
2312:Nutrition in Clinical Practice
1786:has similar effectiveness to H
1632:extraesophageal reflux disease
1626:signs and symptoms, is called
1430:infection. The eradication of
923:Social determinants of obesity
1:
7007:Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
4759:Badillo R, Francis D (2014).
4606:Arquivos de Gastroenterologia
4485:10.1016/S0003-4975(03)01352-3
4341:10.1016/s0002-9270(00)02052-9
4240:Annals of Palliative Medicine
3541:10.1016/S0016-5085(97)70075-1
3394:10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00347-7
3053:Italian Journal of Pediatrics
2968:Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics
1999:Carroll W (14 October 2016).
1185:(also known as water brash),
556:Metabolically healthy obesity
6916:Postcholecystectomy syndrome
6435:Intestinal pseudoobstruction
6043:Esophageal motility disorder
5573:10.1097/sle.0b013e3182582e92
5494:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32832ad8b4
5286:10.1097/ANC.0b013e318256b7c1
5051:10.1053/j.gastro.2006.04.048
4835:Endoscopy International Open
4726:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
4691:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
4643:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
4571:10.1001/jamasurgery.2013.409
3709:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.045
3381:Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol
3096:Clinical Oral Investigations
2821:10.1097/MOO.0000000000000486
2572:Osteopathic Family Physician
2394:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.045
2191:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.044
2084:. Lexico.com. Archived from
1976:Esophageal motility disorder
1822:Food and Drug Administration
1814:Esophagogastric dissociation
1298:Severe tooth erosion in GERD
713:Obesity-associated morbidity
5604:Digestive and Liver Disease
4383:10.1136/bmj.39458.462338.3A
4014:10.1136/bmj.39406.449456.BE
3753:Annals of Internal Medicine
3066:10.1186/1824-7288-40-S1-A73
2184:(4): 1392–1413, 1413.e1–5.
1735:receptor blockers, such as
1563:may suggest a diagnosis of
1461:near the junction with the
908:Obesity and the environment
7726:
6901:Gallstone / Cholelithiasis
6425:Functional colonic disease
6221:Zollinger–Ellison syndrome
5650:Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
4472:Annals of Thoracic Surgery
4118:10.1001/archinte.166.9.965
3430:10.1016/j.smrv.2006.05.001
2584:10.1016/j.osfp.2012.10.005
2453:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304269
2279:10.1016/j.tips.2011.02.007
1850:magnetic resonance imaging
1693:
1577:Elongation of the papillae
1475:esophagogastroduodenoscopy
1366:lower esophageal sphincter
1317:
1266:, effortless spitting up,
1090:lower esophageal sphincter
323:, taking certain medicines
297:lower esophageal sphincter
295:Inadequate closure of the
38:
31:
7633:
7614:
6102:Acute esophageal necrosis
5663:10.1016/j.gie.2007.05.027
5616:10.1016/j.dld.2012.03.019
5537:10.1016/j.cgh.2014.10.013
5274:Advances in Neonatal Care
5003:10.1016/j.gtc.2016.02.005
4365:McKay AB, Wall D (2008).
4154:10.1007/s11894-017-0578-5
3903:10.1016/j.pop.2017.07.001
3702:(4): 1383–91, 1391.e1–5.
3344:10.1007/s11605-009-0930-7
3108:10.1007/s00784-007-0179-z
2387:(4): 1383–91, 1391.e1–5.
1981:Esophageal motility study
1925:to counter this problem.
1908:An obsolete treatment is
1313:
1232:Esophageal adenocarcinoma
1078:tricyclic antidepressants
531:Classification of obesity
75:
66:
6201:Gastric dumping syndrome
6076:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
6063:Diffuse esophageal spasm
4946:10.4253/wjge.v7.i11.1039
4815:10 November 2013 at the
4068:10.1177/1756283X12437358
2324:10.1177/0884533610362901
1794:, an agonist of the GABA
1628:laryngopharyngeal reflux
1565:eosinophilic esophagitis
1490:esophageal pH monitoring
1106:esophageal pH monitoring
1074:calcium channel blockers
995:gastrointestinal disease
928:Social stigma of obesity
342:esophageal pH monitoring
7314:Lavoltidine (loxtidine)
6817:Alcoholic liver disease
6350:Bile acid malabsorption
6294:Peptic (duodenal) ulcer
4778:10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.105
4655:10.1053/jpsu.2001.22935
4253:10.21037/apm.2020.02.35
3174:and Barrett's Esophagus
2949:"Spitting Up in Babies"
1945:improves GERD symptoms.
1527:(detected chemically),
1496:is not usually needed.
1402:Obstructive sleep apnea
1328:, a type of intestinal
888:Fat acceptance movement
795:Anti-obesity medication
483:Gestational weight gain
7601:Vonoprazan/amoxicillin
7438:Potassium-competitive
7368:Proton-pump inhibitors
6827:Hepatic encephalopathy
6211:Buried bumper syndrome
6142:Peptic (gastric) ulcer
6026:Mallory–Weiss syndrome
5969:human digestive system
5201:10.1542/peds.2010-2719
4423:Aliment Pharmacol Ther
3568:Aliment Pharmacol Ther
3486:Aliment Pharmacol Ther
1725:Proton-pump inhibitors
1720:Proton-pump inhibitors
1656:over-the-counter drugs
1606:Differential diagnosis
1502:proton-pump inhibitors
1466:
1353:
1299:
1291:
1238:GERD sometimes causes
1130:proton pump inhibitors
993:) is a chronic upper
402:proton pump inhibitors
353:Differential diagnosis
7624:eradication protocols
7480:Aceglutamide aluminum
7052:Pancreatic pseudocyst
6921:Porcelain gallbladder
6033:Zenker's diverticulum
5690:on 28 September 2010.
3332:J. Gastrointest. Surg
3179:19 April 2015 at the
2748:(1): 30–50, quiz 51.
2620:10.1056/NEJMcp0804684
1808:Nissen fundoplication
1668:proton-pump inhibitor
1648:proton-pump inhibitor
1453:
1351:
1297:
1289:
1216:Esophageal strictures
1052:Risk factors include
913:Obesity and sexuality
788:Management of obesity
664:Binge eating disorder
624:Waist-to-height ratio
274:esophageal strictures
7495:Arbaclofen placarbil
6856:Hepatorenal syndrome
6795:Budd–Chiari syndrome
6752:Autoimmune hepatitis
6577:Intestinal adhesions
6335:Short bowel syndrome
6164:Functional dyspepsia
6082:Esophageal stricture
6048:Nutcracker esophagus
5763:10.1038/ajg.2012.444
5092:10.1038/ajg.2012.444
3655:10.1038/ajg.2012.444
2755:10.1038/ajg.2015.322
2742:Am. J. Gastroenterol
2600:Kahrilas PJ (2008).
1486:Esophageal manometry
1244:aspiration pneumonia
1240:injury of the larynx
1183:increased salivation
1175:pain with swallowing
1110:esophageal manometry
1043:esophageal stricture
898:Health at Every Size
850:Weight loss coaching
584:Body adiposity index
358:Peptic ulcer disease
346:esophageal manometry
259:, breathing problems
7622:Helicobacter pylori
6995:Choledocholithiasis
6866:Metabolic disorders
6832:Acute liver failure
6805:Portal hypertension
6757:Alcoholic hepatitis
6600:Radiation proctitis
6519:Mesenteric ischemia
6491:Gastroenterocolitis
6320:Blind loop syndrome
6130:Ménétrier's disease
6038:Barrett's esophagus
5334:10.1155/2010/296584
4896:10.5946/ce.2015.044
4847:10.1055/a-1322-2209
4377:(7636): 109.1–109.
4202:10.3748/wjg.15.1690
3015:10.1155/2012/479850
2216:In a Page: Medicine
2146:. 5 November 2015.
2088:on 11 February 2022
1966:Acid perfusion test
1863:Special populations
1372:and the esophagus.
1326:Barrett's esophagus
1320:Barrett's esophagus
1314:Barrett's esophagus
1250:Children and babies
1222:Barrett's esophagus
1047:Barrett's esophagus
918:Sedentary lifestyle
730:Fatty liver disease
694:Starvation response
594:Body fat percentage
541:Genetics of obesity
278:Barrett's esophagus
7660:Never to phase III
7500:Bismuth subcitrate
7170:Undefined location
7161:Grynfeltt–Lesshaft
7062:Pancreatic fistula
7045:Pancreatic abscess
7000:Biliary dyskinesia
6971:Mirizzi's syndrome
6472:Large and/or small
6152:Dieulafoy's lesion
6021:Boerhaave syndrome
5894:External resources
5119:www.mayoclinic.org
4884:Clinical Endoscopy
4294:10.1111/ijcp.12046
3737:on 17 August 2010.
3211:Sontag SJ (1999).
3102:(Suppl 1): S5–13.
2955:on 8 October 2008.
2905:(Suppl 9): 26–38.
2864:10.1002/lary.28482
2422:on 17 August 2010.
1826:gas bloat syndrome
1525:blood in the stool
1467:
1362:signs and symptoms
1354:
1300:
1292:
1234:– a form of cancer
1156:Signs and symptoms
755:Obesity and cancer
636:Related conditions
546:Metabolic syndrome
7710:Stomach disorders
7670:
7669:
7234:
7233:
7230:
7229:
7070:
7069:
6672:
6671:
6529:Bowel obstruction
6231:
6230:
5934:
5933:
5531:(6): 1058–67.e1.
5429:Annals of Surgery
4841:(C2): E239–E246.
4105:Arch. Intern. Med
3819:978-0-7817-7942-5
2977:978-0-323-52950-1
2660:Missouri Medicine
2544:978-0-7817-5784-3
2505:978-3-211-32317-5
2352:. 22 April 2019.
2226:978-0-7817-7035-4
2010:978-0-7020-7092-1
1942:Stretta procedure
1923:gastroenterostomy
1820:In 2012 the U.S.
1751:The evidence for
1706:receptor blockers
1334:esophageal cancer
1324:GERD may lead to
1150:Asher Winkelstein
1126:receptor blockers
1029:, reflux-induced
976:
975:
805:Bariatric surgery
614:Relative Fat Mass
503:Childhood obesity
493:Weight management
434:Human body weight
419:
418:
398:receptor blockers
362:esophageal cancer
329:Diagnostic method
48:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
7717:
7687:
7686:
7685:
7678:
7570:Zinc L-carnosine
7261:
7254:
7247:
7238:
7222:Pneumoperitoneum
7079:
6989:Common bile duct
6871:Wilson's disease
6861:Peliosis hepatis
6730:
6607:Proctalgia fugax
6514:Abdominal angina
6439:Ogilvie syndrome
6388:Pseudomembranous
6246:
6206:Gastric volvulus
6171:Pyloric stenosis
5982:
5967:Diseases of the
5961:
5954:
5947:
5938:
5780:
5775:
5765:
5740:
5714:
5691:
5686:. Archived from
5677:Lay summary in:
5674:
5646:
5628:
5627:
5599:
5593:
5592:
5555:
5549:
5548:
5520:
5514:
5513:
5477:
5471:
5470:
5460:
5420:
5414:
5413:
5403:
5384:10.5056/jnm16138
5363:
5357:
5356:
5346:
5336:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5238:
5221:
5220:
5184:
5178:
5177:
5141:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5130:
5111:
5105:
5104:
5094:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5053:
5038:Gastroenterology
5029:
5023:
5022:
4986:
4969:
4968:
4958:
4948:
4924:
4918:
4917:
4907:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4858:
4826:
4820:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4790:
4780:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4686:
4677:
4676:
4666:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4621:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4536:
4519:(11): CD003243.
4504:
4498:
4497:
4487:
4463:
4457:
4456:
4438:
4414:
4405:
4404:
4394:
4362:
4353:
4352:
4324:
4315:
4314:
4296:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4255:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4214:
4204:
4195:(14): 1690–701.
4180:
4174:
4173:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4120:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4079:
4047:
4036:
4035:
4025:
3993:
3982:
3979:
3976:Consumer Reports
3973:
3966:Lay summary in:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3946:
3938:
3923:
3922:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3843:
3836:
3827:
3821:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3733:. Archived from
3724:Lay summary in:
3721:
3711:
3696:Gastroenterology
3687:
3668:
3667:
3657:
3633:
3602:
3601:
3583:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3529:Gastroenterology
3524:
3518:
3517:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3453:"Cholelithiasis"
3448:
3442:
3441:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3396:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3355:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3249:
3243:
3242:
3232:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3190:
3184:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3119:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3068:
3059:(Suppl 1): A73.
3044:
3038:
3037:
3027:
3017:
2993:
2982:
2981:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2932:
2914:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2858:(8): E479–E489.
2847:
2841:
2840:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2767:
2757:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2683:
2651:
2642:
2641:
2631:
2597:
2588:
2587:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2472:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2418:. Archived from
2409:Lay summary in:
2406:
2396:
2381:Gastroenterology
2372:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2306:
2291:
2290:
2262:
2235:
2234:
2213:Kahan S (2008).
2210:
2204:
2203:
2193:
2178:Gastroenterology
2169:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2133:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2024:
2018:
2017:
1996:
1727:(PPIs), such as
1712:with or without
1610:Other causes of
1199:globus sensation
968:
961:
954:
845:Weight loss camp
840:Obesity medicine
720:Arteriosclerosis
604:Corpulence index
599:Body Shape Index
566:Set point theory
536:Exercise paradox
520:Medical concepts
488:Diet (nutrition)
442:General concepts
421:
366:esophageal spasm
236:Gastroenterology
221:
220:
217:
216:
213:
210:
201:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
181:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
158:
155:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
71:
51:
21:
7725:
7724:
7720:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7715:
7714:
7695:
7694:
7693:
7683:
7681:
7673:
7671:
7666:
7665:
7650:Clinical trials
7629:
7610:
7579:
7468:
7439:
7432:
7383:Dexlansoprazole
7370:
7362:
7342:
7333:
7289:
7280:
7265:
7235:
7226:
7191:
7180:Internal hernia
7066:
7011:
6976:Biliary fistula
6934:
6925:
6911:Adenomyomatosis
6906:Cholesterolosis
6882:
6876:Hemochromatosis
6747:Viral hepatitis
6719:
6668:
6626:
6612:Rectal prolapse
6581:
6548:Fecal impaction
6538:Intussusception
6501:Crohn's disease
6467:
6450:Toxic megacolon
6362:
6360:Large intestine
6354:
6299:Curling's ulcer
6252:
6250:Small intestine
6239:
6227:
6135:Gastroenteritis
6106:
5971:
5965:
5935:
5930:
5929:
5889:
5888:
5791:
5743:
5712:10.1.1.619.3818
5696:
5678:
5644:
5639:
5636:
5634:Further reading
5631:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5557:
5556:
5552:
5522:
5521:
5517:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5422:
5421:
5417:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5314:
5313:
5309:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5256:
5254:
5240:
5239:
5224:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5128:
5126:
5113:
5112:
5108:
5072:
5071:
5067:
5031:
5030:
5026:
4988:
4987:
4972:
4939:(11): 1039–44.
4926:
4925:
4921:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4817:Wayback Machine
4808:
4804:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4723:
4722:
4718:
4688:
4687:
4680:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4465:
4464:
4460:
4416:
4415:
4408:
4364:
4363:
4356:
4335:(11): 3118–22.
4326:
4325:
4318:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4049:
4048:
4039:
3995:
3994:
3985:
3971:
3967:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3926:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3873:
3871:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3834:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3812:
3808:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3725:
3689:
3688:
3671:
3635:
3634:
3605:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3469:
3467:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3264:(10): 2128–34.
3251:
3250:
3246:
3217:Yale J Biol Med
3213:"Defining GERD"
3210:
3209:
3205:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3181:Wayback Machine
3172:
3168:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3046:
3045:
3041:
2995:
2994:
2985:
2978:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2599:
2598:
2591:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2545:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2506:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2410:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2359:
2357:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2308:
2307:
2294:
2264:
2263:
2238:
2227:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2135:
2134:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2011:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1962:
1931:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1870:
1865:
1838:stainless steel
1804:
1797:
1789:
1781:
1749:
1742:
1734:
1722:
1705:
1698:
1692:
1676:
1666:before using a
1663:
1644:
1608:
1600:
1510:
1448:
1390:body mass index
1346:
1322:
1316:
1284:
1252:
1163:
1158:
1125:
1102:upper GI series
1070:benzodiazepines
972:
943:
942:
868:
860:
859:
820:Caloric deficit
790:
780:
779:
775:Type 2 diabetes
725:Atherosclerosis
715:
705:
704:
675:Hyperthyroidism
652:Eating disorder
637:
629:
628:
619:Waist–hip ratio
589:Body mass index
579:
571:
570:
561:Obesity paradox
521:
513:
512:
443:
397:
338:upper GI series
247:Taste of acid,
225:
207:
203:
187:
183:
152:
102:
98:
49:
44:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7723:
7721:
7713:
7712:
7707:
7697:
7696:
7692:
7691:
7668:
7667:
7664:
7663:
7662:
7661:
7658:
7647:
7641:
7635:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7628:
7627:
7615:
7612:
7611:
7609:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7587:
7585:
7581:
7580:
7578:
7577:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7476:
7474:
7470:
7469:
7467:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7445:
7443:
7434:
7433:
7431:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7374:
7372:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7360:
7355:
7349:
7347:
7339:Prostaglandins
7335:
7334:
7332:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7295:
7293:
7287:
7282:
7281:
7266:
7264:
7263:
7256:
7249:
7241:
7232:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7225:
7224:
7219:
7217:Hemoperitoneum
7214:
7213:
7212:
7201:
7199:
7193:
7192:
7190:
7189:
7188:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7166:
7165:
7164:
7163:
7158:
7145:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7123:
7122:
7117:
7106:
7105:
7100:
7099:
7098:
7087:
7085:
7076:
7072:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7048:
7047:
7042:
7037:
7032:
7021:
7019:
7013:
7012:
7010:
7009:
7004:
7003:
7002:
6997:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6941:
6939:
6927:
6926:
6924:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6892:
6890:
6884:
6883:
6881:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6873:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6852:
6851:
6846:
6836:
6835:
6834:
6829:
6819:
6814:
6813:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6773:
6772:
6771:
6761:
6760:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6738:
6736:
6727:
6721:
6720:
6718:
6717:
6716:
6715:
6705:
6704:
6703:
6698:
6688:
6686:Blood in stool
6682:
6680:
6674:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6666:
6661:
6659:Anal dysplasia
6656:
6651:
6646:
6636:
6634:
6628:
6627:
6625:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6603:
6602:
6591:
6589:
6583:
6582:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6573:
6572:
6562:
6561:
6560:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6526:
6524:Angiodysplasia
6521:
6516:
6505:
6504:
6503:
6493:
6488:
6487:
6486:
6475:
6473:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6465:
6459:Diverticulosis
6455:Diverticulitis
6452:
6443:
6442:
6441:
6432:
6422:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6380:
6374:
6372:
6356:
6355:
6353:
6352:
6347:
6345:Milroy disease
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6315:Tropical sprue
6312:
6303:
6302:
6301:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6268:
6266:
6243:
6237:Lower GI tract
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6223:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6167:
6166:
6156:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6139:
6138:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6116:
6114:
6108:
6107:
6105:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6073:
6072:
6071:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6029:
6028:
6023:
6013:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5990:
5988:
5979:
5977:Upper GI tract
5973:
5972:
5966:
5964:
5963:
5956:
5949:
5941:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5910:
5898:
5897:
5895:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5875:
5864:
5853:
5838:
5823:
5808:
5792:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5783:Classification
5777:
5776:
5741:
5694:
5693:
5692:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5594:
5550:
5515:
5472:
5415:
5378:(4): 575–588.
5358:
5307:
5280:(3): 172–175.
5264:
5222:
5179:
5152:(3): 185–202.
5146:Paediatr Drugs
5136:
5106:
5065:
5024:
4997:(2): 267–283.
4970:
4919:
4870:
4821:
4802:
4751:
4732:(6): 915–919.
4716:
4697:(5): 919–922.
4678:
4649:(5): 677–680.
4633:
4592:
4548:
4499:
4458:
4406:
4354:
4316:
4267:
4246:(2): 405–413.
4226:
4175:
4132:
4091:
4062:(4): 219–232.
4037:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3924:
3897:(4): 561–573.
3881:
3855:
3822:
3806:
3786:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3669:
3603:
3554:
3519:
3476:
3443:
3408:
3367:
3318:
3291:
3244:
3223:(2–3): 69–80.
3203:
3185:
3166:
3147:(6): 359–364.
3131:
3082:
3039:
2983:
2976:
2958:
2940:
2885:
2842:
2815:(6): 392–402.
2799:
2725:
2695:
2666:(3): 214–218.
2643:
2614:(16): 1700–7.
2589:
2562:
2543:
2523:
2504:
2484:
2447:(6): 871–880.
2427:
2425:
2424:
2367:
2337:
2292:
2236:
2225:
2205:
2161:
2099:
2073:
2055:
2037:
2019:
2009:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1927:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1803:
1800:
1795:
1787:
1780:
1777:
1769:Metoclopramide
1748:
1745:
1740:
1732:
1721:
1718:
1703:
1694:Main article:
1691:
1688:
1675:
1672:
1661:
1643:
1640:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1557:
1545:
1542:
1509:
1506:
1479:Barium swallow
1447:
1444:
1422:
1421:
1404:
1395:
1394:
1383:
1345:
1342:
1318:Main article:
1315:
1312:
1283:
1280:
1251:
1248:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1219:
1213:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1123:
1084:, and certain
974:
973:
971:
970:
963:
956:
948:
945:
944:
941:
940:
935:
933:Weight cutting
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
875:
869:
867:Social aspects
866:
865:
862:
861:
858:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
822:
817:
807:
802:
797:
791:
786:
785:
782:
781:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
760:Osteoarthritis
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
716:
711:
710:
707:
706:
703:
702:
697:
687:
682:
677:
672:
670:Food addiction
667:
649:
638:
635:
634:
631:
630:
627:
626:
621:
616:
611:
609:Lean body mass
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
580:
577:
576:
573:
572:
569:
568:
563:
558:
553:
543:
538:
533:
528:
526:Adipose tissue
522:
519:
518:
515:
514:
511:
510:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
444:
441:
440:
437:
436:
430:
429:
417:
416:
413:
409:
408:
395:
387:
381:
380:
377:
373:
372:
355:
349:
348:
331:
325:
324:
306:
300:
299:
293:
289:
288:
285:
281:
280:
267:
261:
260:
245:
239:
238:
233:
227:
226:
224:
223:
95:
93:
89:
88:
73:
72:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7722:
7711:
7708:
7706:
7703:
7702:
7700:
7690:
7680:
7676:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7636:
7632:
7626:
7625:
7623:
7617:
7616:
7613:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7588:
7586:
7582:
7576:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7505:Carbenoxolone
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7477:
7475:
7471:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7440:acid blockers
7435:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7423:Tenatoprazole
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7375:
7373:
7369:
7365:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7340:
7336:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7283:
7278:
7274:
7270:
7262:
7257:
7255:
7250:
7248:
7243:
7242:
7239:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7211:
7208:
7207:
7206:
7203:
7202:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7172:
7171:
7168:
7167:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7153:
7152:
7151:
7147:
7146:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7108:
7107:
7104:
7101:
7097:
7094:
7093:
7092:
7091:Diaphragmatic
7089:
7088:
7086:
7084:
7080:
7077:
7073:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7026:
7023:
7022:
7020:
7018:
7014:
7008:
7005:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6991:
6990:
6986:
6985:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6968:
6965:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6947:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6940:
6938:
6932:
6928:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6896:Cholecystitis
6894:
6893:
6891:
6889:
6885:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6841:
6840:
6839:Liver abscess
6837:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6824:
6823:
6822:Liver failure
6820:
6818:
6815:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6774:
6770:
6767:
6766:
6765:
6762:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6735:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6722:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6709:
6706:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6693:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6681:
6679:
6675:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6641:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6633:
6629:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6596:
6593:
6592:
6590:
6588:
6584:
6578:
6575:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6566:
6563:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6511:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6485:
6482:
6481:
6480:
6479:Enterocolitis
6477:
6476:
6474:
6470:
6464:
6460:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6447:
6444:
6440:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6427:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6366:
6361:
6357:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6307:
6306:Malabsorption
6304:
6300:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6292:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6251:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6238:
6234:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6181:Gastroparesis
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6160:
6157:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6147:Cushing ulcer
6145:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6113:
6109:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6092:Megaesophagus
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6077:
6074:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6017:
6014:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5962:
5957:
5955:
5950:
5948:
5943:
5942:
5939:
5926:
5923:
5920:
5916:
5915:
5911:
5909:
5905:
5904:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5885:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5858:
5854:
5852:
5848:
5847:
5843:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5785:
5781:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5756:(3): 308–28.
5755:
5751:
5747:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5705:(3): 668–85.
5704:
5700:
5695:
5689:
5685:
5681:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5660:
5657:(2): 219–24.
5656:
5652:
5651:
5643:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5598:
5595:
5590:
5586:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5554:
5551:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5530:
5526:
5519:
5516:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5491:
5487:
5483:
5476:
5473:
5468:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5438:
5434:
5430:
5426:
5419:
5416:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5393:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5362:
5359:
5354:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5311:
5308:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5268:
5265:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5218:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5202:
5198:
5195:(5): 925–35.
5194:
5190:
5183:
5180:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5140:
5137:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5110:
5107:
5102:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5085:(3): 308–28.
5084:
5080:
5076:
5069:
5066:
5061:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5044:(1): 278–82.
5043:
5039:
5035:
5028:
5025:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4971:
4966:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4923:
4920:
4915:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4890:(2): 147–56.
4889:
4885:
4881:
4874:
4871:
4866:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4832:
4825:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4806:
4803:
4798:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4771:(3): 105–12.
4770:
4766:
4762:
4755:
4752:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4720:
4717:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4674:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4648:
4644:
4637:
4634:
4629:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4612:(4): 252–60.
4611:
4607:
4603:
4596:
4593:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4560:
4552:
4549:
4544:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4503:
4500:
4495:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4462:
4459:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4429:(2): 143–53.
4428:
4424:
4420:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4271:
4268:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4230:
4227:
4222:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4176:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4136:
4133:
4128:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4111:(9): 965–71.
4110:
4106:
4102:
4095:
4092:
4087:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4033:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4008:(7634): 2–3.
4007:
4003:
3999:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3950:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3885:
3882:
3870:
3866:
3859:
3856:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3810:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3790:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3759:(7): 518–27.
3758:
3754:
3746:
3743:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3648:(3): 308–28.
3647:
3643:
3639:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3555:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3523:
3520:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3492:(2): 117–27.
3491:
3487:
3480:
3477:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3447:
3444:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3418:Sleep Med Rev
3412:
3409:
3404:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3371:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3338:(8): 1440–7.
3337:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3295:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3204:
3199:
3196:. June 2009.
3195:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3170:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3135:
3132:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3086:
3083:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3043:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2886:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2803:
2800:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2704:"Esophagitis"
2699:
2696:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2566:
2563:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2527:
2524:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2488:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2431:
2428:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2368:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2273:(4): 258–64.
2272:
2268:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1903:
1901:
1894:
1892:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1876:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1809:
1801:
1799:
1793:
1785:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1744:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1636:silent reflux
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1616:heart disease
1613:
1605:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1391:
1388:: increasing
1387:
1384:
1381:
1380:Hiatal hernia
1378:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1350:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:– intestinal
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1167:regurgitation
1160:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1145:North America
1142:
1141:Western world
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:hiatal hernia
1063:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1023:chronic cough
1020:
1019:regurgitation
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
969:
964:
962:
957:
955:
950:
949:
947:
946:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
893:Fat fetishism
891:
889:
886:
883:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
864:
863:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
830:
826:
823:
821:
818:
815:
814:List of diets
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
789:
784:
783:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:Heart disease
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
717:
714:
709:
708:
701:
698:
695:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
665:
661:
657:
653:
650:
647:
643:
640:
639:
633:
632:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
575:
574:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
551:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
517:
516:
508:
504:
501:
499:
498:Overnutrition
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
453:
449:
446:
445:
439:
438:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:
414:
410:
407:
403:
399:
391:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
371:
367:
363:
359:
356:
354:
350:
347:
343:
339:
335:
332:
330:
326:
322:
321:hiatal hernia
318:
314:
310:
307:
305:
301:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
279:
275:
271:
268:
266:
265:Complications
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
244:
240:
237:
234:
232:
228:
219:
199:
179:
97:
96:
94:
92:Pronunciation
90:
86:
82:
81:radiocontrast
78:
74:
70:
65:
61:
57:
52:
46:
42:
35:
30:
19:
7621:
7618:
7584:Combinations
7550:Sulglicotide
7490:Alginic acid
7408:Pantoprazole
7398:Lansoprazole
7388:Esomeprazole
7378:Azeloprazole
7371:("-prazole")
7272:
7269:peptic ulcer
7169:
7148:
7025:Pancreatitis
6987:
6937:biliary tree
6810:Nutmeg liver
6787:
6713:Hematochezia
6664:Pruritus ani
6649:Anal abscess
6644:Anal fistula
6640:Anal fissure
6553:Constipation
6507:
6378:Appendicitis
6186:Gastroptosis
6176:Achlorhydria
6067:
6015:
6004:Eosinophilic
5912:
5901:
5877:
5866:
5855:
5840:
5825:
5810:
5795:
5753:
5749:
5702:
5698:
5688:the original
5683:
5654:
5648:
5610:(8): 631–5.
5607:
5603:
5597:
5567:(4): 283–8.
5564:
5560:
5553:
5528:
5524:
5518:
5488:(4): 352–7.
5485:
5481:
5475:
5435:(1): 40–46.
5432:
5428:
5418:
5375:
5371:
5361:
5327:(7): 431–4.
5324:
5320:
5310:
5277:
5273:
5267:
5255:. Retrieved
5246:
5192:
5188:
5182:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5129:28 September
5127:. Retrieved
5118:
5109:
5082:
5078:
5068:
5041:
5037:
5027:
4994:
4990:
4936:
4932:
4922:
4887:
4883:
4873:
4838:
4834:
4824:
4805:
4768:
4764:
4754:
4729:
4725:
4719:
4694:
4690:
4646:
4642:
4636:
4609:
4605:
4595:
4565:(1): 85–90.
4562:
4558:
4551:
4516:
4512:
4502:
4478:(2): 393–6.
4475:
4471:
4461:
4426:
4422:
4374:
4370:
4332:
4328:
4287:(1): 60–65.
4284:
4280:
4270:
4243:
4239:
4229:
4192:
4188:
4178:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4108:
4104:
4094:
4059:
4055:
4005:
4001:
3975:
3956:. Retrieved
3894:
3891:Primary Care
3890:
3884:
3872:. Retrieved
3868:
3858:
3846:. Retrieved
3825:
3809:
3795:
3789:
3756:
3752:
3745:
3735:the original
3730:
3699:
3695:
3645:
3641:
3574:(7): 761–8.
3571:
3567:
3557:
3535:(1): 15–24.
3532:
3528:
3522:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3468:, retrieved
3456:
3446:
3424:(1): 47–58.
3421:
3417:
3411:
3387:(9): 761–8.
3384:
3380:
3370:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3304:
3300:
3294:
3261:
3257:
3247:
3220:
3216:
3206:
3188:
3169:
3144:
3140:
3134:
3099:
3095:
3085:
3056:
3052:
3042:
3005:
3001:
2967:
2961:
2953:the original
2943:
2902:
2898:
2888:
2855:
2852:Laryngoscope
2851:
2845:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2790:. Retrieved
2745:
2741:
2716:. Retrieved
2707:
2698:
2663:
2659:
2611:
2605:
2578:(2): 79–85.
2575:
2571:
2565:
2553:. Retrieved
2533:
2526:
2514:. Retrieved
2494:
2487:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2420:the original
2415:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2358:. Retrieved
2349:
2340:
2315:
2311:
2270:
2266:
2215:
2208:
2181:
2177:
2152:. Retrieved
2140:
2090:. Retrieved
2086:the original
2076:
2058:
2040:
2022:
2014:
2000:
1994:
1932:
1919:pyloroplasty
1907:
1898:
1895:Epidemiology
1889:
1871:
1854:
1846:ferrous iron
1819:
1812:
1805:
1782:
1779:Other agents
1761:alginic acid
1750:
1723:
1714:alginic acid
1699:
1680:
1677:
1645:
1635:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1550:Helicobacter
1548:
1533:
1511:
1498:
1493:
1472:
1468:
1440:double-blind
1435:
1431:
1425:
1423:
1419:gastric acid
1396:
1374:
1355:
1323:
1305:
1301:
1276:
1253:
1237:
1203:
1164:
1138:
1114:
1051:
990:
986:
982:
978:
977:
938:Weight class
873:Comfort food
855:Yo-yo effect
750:Hypertension
740:Gynecomastia
734:
680:Malnutrition
578:Measurements
507:Epidemiology
452:Epidemiology
304:Risk factors
45:
29:
7646:from market
7555:Telenzepine
7530:Pirenzepine
7525:Lesogaberan
7520:Irsogladine
7485:Acetoxolone
7442:("-prazan")
7428:Timoprazole
7418:Rabeprazole
7413:Picoprazole
7353:Misoprostol
7346:("-prost-")
7292:("-tidine")
7290:antagonists
7205:Peritonitis
6967:Cholestasis
6945:Cholangitis
6888:Gallbladder
6776:Fatty liver
6696:Hematemesis
6678:GI bleeding
6484:Necrotizing
6413:Lymphocytic
6408:Collagenous
6403:Microscopic
6340:Steatorrhea
6241:Enteropathy
6087:Inlet patch
6009:Herpetiform
5994:Esophagitis
5903:MedlinePlus
4664:2108/311079
3958:21 February
3307:: S138–S9.
2154:21 February
2092:11 February
1914:vagus nerve
1775:is modest.
1690:Medications
1684:soft drinks
1620:respiratory
1561:eosinophils
1210:esophagitis
1179:sore throat
1134:prokinetics
1098:gastroscopy
1049:may arise.
1039:esophagitis
1015:odynophagia
835:Liposuction
770:Sleep apnea
765:Prediabetes
478:Weight loss
473:Weight gain
463:Underweight
406:prokinetics
334:Gastroscopy
270:Esophagitis
59:Other names
41:Acid Reflex
7699:Categories
7619:See also:
7575:Zolimidine
7545:Sucralfate
7540:Rebamipide
7535:Proglumide
7464:Vonoprazan
7459:Soraprazan
7454:Revaprazan
7449:Linaprazan
7403:Omeprazole
7393:Ilaprazole
7329:Roxatidine
7324:Ranitidine
7319:Nizatidine
7309:Lafutidine
7304:Famotidine
7299:Cimetidine
7267:Drugs for
7197:Peritoneal
7175:Incisional
7096:Congenital
7040:Hereditary
7017:Pancreatic
6981:Haemobilia
6654:Hemorrhoid
6632:Anal canal
6570:Infectious
6558:Functional
6393:Ulcerative
6277:Duodenitis
6216:Gastrinoma
5879:DiseasesDB
5189:Pediatrics
3874:30 October
3863:Stuart A.
3470:30 October
3457:StatPearls
3008:: 479850.
2350:SleepScore
2318:(3): 314.
1987:References
1882:and PPIs.
1880:ranitidine
1784:Sucralfate
1737:ranitidine
1729:omeprazole
1664:antagonist
1652:omeprazole
1612:chest pain
1455:Endoscopic
1407:Gallstones
1330:metaplasia
1308:perikymata
1226:metaplasia
1191:chest pain
1031:laryngitis
1027:hoarseness
800:Bariatrics
690:Starvation
468:Body shape
458:Overweight
385:Medication
257:chest pain
253:bad breath
7656:Phase III
7644:Withdrawn
7565:Troxipide
7560:Teprenone
7515:Gefarnate
7510:Cetraxate
7358:Enprostil
7344:analogues
7273:GERD/GORD
7185:Richter's
7142:Spigelian
7137:Obturator
7127:Umbilical
6960:Ascending
6931:Bile duct
6764:Cirrhosis
6742:Hepatitis
6725:Accessory
6595:Proctitis
6446:Megacolon
6420:Dysentery
6330:Whipple's
6282:Jejunitis
6272:Enteritis
6159:Dyspepsia
6120:Gastritis
6053:Achalasia
5986:Esophagus
5925:radio/300
5914:eMedicine
5707:CiteSeerX
5449:0003-4932
5392:2093-0879
5294:1536-0911
5217:207164814
5011:1558-1942
4559:JAMA Surg
4148:(8): 38.
3911:1558-299X
3848:20 August
2880:209482485
2792:7 October
2672:0026-6620
2555:28 August
2516:28 August
2461:0017-5749
2332:0884-5336
1868:Pregnancy
1773:mosapride
1763:(such as
1642:Treatment
1630:(LPR) or
1624:laryngeal
1589:Carcinoma
1584:Dysplasia
1554:gastritis
1517:dysphagia
1513:Endoscopy
1508:Endoscopy
1494:H. pylori
1459:esophagus
1446:Diagnosis
1436:H. pylori
1432:H. pylori
1427:H. pylori
1413:into the
1358:heartburn
1171:heartburn
1058:pregnancy
1011:heartburn
1007:dysphagia
1003:esophagus
997:in which
882:Criticism
878:Fast food
412:Frequency
376:Treatment
313:pregnancy
287:Long term
249:heartburn
231:Specialty
85:diaphragm
7689:Medicine
7115:Indirect
7110:Inguinal
6844:Pyogenic
6789:Vascular
6565:Diarrhea
6543:Volvulus
6509:Vascular
6448: /
6437: /
6398:Ischemic
6365:Appendix
6255:Duodenum
6125:Atrophic
5999:Candidal
5922:ped/1177
5772:23419381
5737:10854440
5729:17335450
5671:17643692
5624:22622203
5581:22874675
5545:25459556
5502:19342950
5410:27703114
5353:20652158
5302:22668689
5251:Archived
5209:21464183
5174:42736509
5166:19445547
5123:Archived
5101:23419381
5060:16831610
5019:27261898
4965:26322157
4914:26878326
4865:33553587
4813:Archived
4797:25133039
4746:15991170
4711:16677883
4673:11329564
4628:22147130
4579:23324843
4543:26544951
4494:14759403
4453:24358990
4445:17229239
4401:18202040
4349:11095327
4311:37158104
4303:23241049
4262:32233626
4221:19360912
4170:39516312
4162:28730507
4127:16682569
4086:22778788
4032:18174564
3949:Archived
3919:29132520
3839:Archived
3801:archived
3781:53088422
3773:15068979
3718:18789939
3664:23419381
3590:15379836
3514:41988457
3506:10102940
3465:29262107
3438:17198758
3403:15354276
3362:19475461
3286:11965042
3278:17573791
3239:10780568
3198:Archived
3177:Archived
3161:20002921
3126:18228059
3034:22194748
2935:Archived
2930:23673597
2921:15527462
2872:31876296
2837:52307468
2829:30234664
2786:Archived
2774:26526079
2765:10245082
2712:Archived
2690:30228725
2638:18923172
2549:Archived
2510:Archived
2479:23853213
2403:18789939
2360:26 April
2354:Archived
2287:21429600
2231:Archived
2200:18801365
2148:Archived
2068:Archived
2050:Archived
2032:Archived
1960:See also
1929:Research
1910:vagotomy
1875:antacids
1834:titanium
1830:allergic
1792:Baclofen
1765:Gaviscon
1753:antacids
1747:Antacids
1710:antacids
1650:such as
1614:such as
1598:Severity
1535:Biopsies
1529:wheezing
1415:duodenum
1268:coughing
1264:vomiting
1260:children
1195:coughing
1118:antacids
825:Exercise
656:Anorexia
642:Diabetes
426:a series
424:Part of
390:Antacids
284:Duration
243:Symptoms
79:showing
7156:Petit's
7132:Femoral
7035:Chronic
6849:Amoebic
6617:Anismus
6383:Colitis
6310:Coeliac
6287:Ileitis
6259:Jejunum
6112:Stomach
6016:Rupture
5919:med/857
5873:D005764
5589:5813552
5510:5280924
5467:1119866
5458:1343712
5401:5056567
5344:2918483
4956:4549661
4905:4821522
4856:7857958
4788:4133436
4587:9136476
4534:8278567
4392:2206261
4212:2668774
4077:3388523
4023:2174763
3549:9207257
3353:2710497
3230:2579007
3117:2238777
3076:4132436
3025:3238367
2782:2274838
2718:22 July
2681:6140167
2629:3058591
2470:4046948
2144:(NIDDK)
1949:market.
1904:History
1802:Surgery
1477:(EGD).
1463:stomach
1386:Obesity
1370:stomach
1272:burping
1256:infants
1208:Reflux
1139:In the
1094:stomach
1062:smoking
1054:obesity
999:stomach
829:outline
810:Dieting
660:Bulimia
448:Obesity
317:smoking
309:Obesity
7675:Portal
7639:WHO-EM
7473:Others
7150:Lumbar
7120:Direct
7103:Hiatus
7083:Hernia
6935:Other
6701:Melena
6587:Rectum
6070:(GERD)
5908:000265
5862:109350
5851:530.81
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1886:Babies
1842:nickel
1569:distal
1521:anemia
1482:X-rays
1393:index.
1344:Causes
1197:, and
1187:nausea
1169:, and
1161:Adults
1132:, and
1086:asthma
1082:NSAIDs
1045:, and
1035:asthma
903:Hunger
646:Type 1
370:angina
292:Causes
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7075:Other
7030:Acute
6781:MASLD
6734:Liver
6708:Lower
6691:Upper
6533:Ileus
6369:Colon
6263:Ileum
6078:(LPR)
5884:23596
5831:10-CM
5733:S2CID
5645:(PDF)
5585:S2CID
5506:S2CID
5257:3 May
5213:S2CID
5170:S2CID
4583:S2CID
4449:S2CID
4307:S2CID
4166:S2CID
3972:(PDF)
3952:(PDF)
3945:(PDF)
3869:WebMD
3842:(PDF)
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3777:S2CID
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3282:S2CID
2925:S2CID
2876:S2CID
2833:S2CID
2778:S2CID
1844:, or
1282:Mouth
1108:, or
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685:RED-S
202:GERD
182:GORD
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7271:and
6463:SCAD
5868:MeSH
5857:OMIM
5846:9-CM
5806:DA22
5768:PMID
5725:PMID
5667:PMID
5620:PMID
5577:PMID
5541:PMID
5498:PMID
5463:PMID
5445:ISSN
5406:PMID
5388:ISSN
5349:PMID
5298:PMID
5290:ISSN
5259:2021
5205:PMID
5162:PMID
5131:2018
5097:PMID
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5007:ISSN
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4910:PMID
4861:PMID
4839:9(2)
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4707:PMID
4669:PMID
4624:PMID
4575:PMID
4539:PMID
4517:2015
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4345:PMID
4299:PMID
4258:PMID
4217:PMID
4158:PMID
4123:PMID
4082:PMID
4028:PMID
3960:2020
3915:PMID
3907:ISSN
3876:2022
3850:2018
3815:ISBN
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3122:PMID
3030:PMID
3006:2012
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2156:2020
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2005:ISBN
1940:The
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983:GERD
735:GERD
700:PCOS
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6769:PBC
6496:IBD
6430:IBS
5842:ICD
5836:K21
5827:ICD
5821:K21
5812:ICD
5797:ICD
5758:doi
5754:108
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5703:102
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4659:hdl
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