31:
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349:, the third the Normans and the English and at the rear, the Hospitallers. The foot soldiers were on the left wing and on the rear, on the right wing the convoy between the troops and the sea. Richard with an elite troop was ready to intervene where necessary. The Hospitallers were attacked on September 7, arriving at the gardens of Arsuf.
381:
were joined soon after by the rest of the
Hospitaller force. Richard, seeing that his orders were already disobeyed, signaled for a full charge. This caught the enemy at a vulnerable moment, and their ranks were broken. Thus, in some ways, Garnier helped win the battle, though in contravention of Richard's orders.
365:. Situated at the rear of the military column, Garnier's Hospitallers were under heavy pressure by the Muslims. They were constantly harassed with arrows and small scale hit-and-run attacks in an attempt to disrupt and lure the crusader column into full battle. According to the 13th-century manuscript
380:
He also asked that
Richard relieve the pressure with a cavalry charge. Richard refused and replied, "Good Master, it is you who must sustain the attack; no man can be everywhere at once." When the pressure increased, the Grand Master and one other knight, Baldwin de Carreo, charged the Saracens. They
389:
Garnier is last mentioned in connection with the engagement of
Betenoble on 12 June 1192, during which he punished a brother of the Order, Robert of Bruges, for attacking the enemy without his order. Garnier of Nablus died in the second half of 1192, probably on August 31. The first mention of his
30:
487:
330:, a fortress belonging to the Hospitallers. They arrived in Acre on 8 June to the acclamations of the attackers. There they found Philippe Auguste leading the siege. The besiegers eventually got the upper hand and, under the helpless eyes of
293:
and recovered from his wounds. He took over from
Armengol de Aspa to become Grand Master at an unknown date, but generally considered to be between July 1189 and 25 March 1190. He was in Paris from July 1189 to 24 March 1190 waiting for
375:
My lord the king, we are violently pressed by the enemy, and are in danger of eternal infamy, as if we did not dare to return their blows; we are each of us losing our horses one after another, and why should we bear with them any
1057:
1037:
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had attacked. Richard subdued the island on 11 May despite the mediation of
Garnier. They set sail again on 5 June and sank a Muslim ship that was going to supply Acre on 7 June, in sight of
279:
440:
278:
from 1173 to 1175, and then grand preceptor of the Order on two occasions, from 1176 to 1177 and from 1180 to 1184. He was then invested, on April 10, 1185, with the functions of
1132:
1112:
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who had arrived from Genoa on 16 September. A document dated 8 October 1190 in
Messina confirms the presence of the two kings, the Grand Master of the Hospitaller and
227:
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61:
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322:. Richard continued to Cyprus on 6 May to avenge the crews of three English ships thrown ashore by the storm that the Emperor of Cyprus
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Richard of Holy
Trinity. Itinerary of Richard I and others to the Holy Land (formerly ascribed to Geoffrey de Vinsauf)
708:
367:
323:
337:
Philip
Augustus left the Holy Land on 31 July, 1191. On 22 August 1191, Richard left Acre in the direction of
318:
Garnier left
Messina on 10 April 1191, with Richard's fleet, which then anchored on 1 May at the port of
282:
until 1189, a function which he combined in 1189 with the office of Grand
Commander of the Hospitaller.
869:
303:
40:
341:. The Templars formed the vanguard, the Breton and Angevin knights the first group, in the second the
1137:
1127:
295:
121:
298:. He embarked in Marseille in the summer of 1190 for Messina, arriving on 23 September where he met
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371:, Garnier was near breaking point and rode forward in person to try to persuade Richard to attack:
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A History of the Crusades, Volume Two: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187
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Richard had previously ordered no direct engagement with the enemy on the march to capture
289:
in 1187, which decided the fate of Jerusalem. He nevertheless managed to reach the city of
1050:
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362:
346:
239:
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246:. It was under his magistracy that the headquarters of the Order were transferred from
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The name Garnier de Nablus possibly links him to a well attested family settled in
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The Counts of Tripoli and Lebanon in the Twelfth Century: Sons of Saint-Gilles
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Prier et combattre, Dictionnaire européen des ordres militaires au Moyen Âge
342:
850:
1045:
Essai d’armorial des Grands-Maîtres de l’Ordre de Saint Jean de Jérusalem
765:
Essai d'armorial des grands maîtres de l'Ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem
290:
690:
The Hospitallers and the Holy Land: Financing the Latin East, 1187-1274
508:
506:
504:
331:
319:
610:"Dossier Assassin's Creed - Partie 3 - Un premier Ă©pisode prometteur"
327:
270:, but he could also be of English origin because he was Prior of the
267:
117:
274:, an office normally entrusted to a native of the language. He was
358:
338:
210:
803:. Heroes of the nations,[v. 24]. Putnam and Sons, New York.
423:
portrays Garnier de Nablus in the 2008 BBC TV docudrama series
1038:
Liste des grands maîtres de l'ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem
526:
The Third Crusade: Richard the Lionhearted and Philip Augustus
488:
St John of Jerusalem, Knights of the Order of the Hospital of
570:. Publications Medieval Latin Series. Cambridge, Ontario:
541:
Nicholson, Helen (2006). "Third Crusade (1189–1192)". In
714:
Les Hospitaliers en Terre Sainte et Ă Chypre (1100-1310)
669:
The New Knighthood. A History of the Order of the Temple
16:
10th Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (1190–1192)
635:"History Behind the Game – Assassin's Creed Characters"
477:, p. 604, Table: Masters of the Order of St. John.
408:(2007), Garnier de Naplouse (the game uses the French
430:
which features a reenactment of the Battle of Arsuf.
177:
169:
152:
147:
127:
111:
106:
90:
78:
59:
21:
512:
498:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 12–19.
416:) is one of the nine main assassination targets.
725:Les Hospitaliers, De JĂ©rusalem Ă Rhodes 1050-1317
800:Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
285:Garnier was seriously injured at the disastrous
1016:Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi
441:Cartulaire général de l'Ordre des Hospitaliers
983:. The Crusades––An Encyclopedia, pp. 598–605.
559:"Book IV: Richard's march from Acre to Arsuf"
8:
1133:Priors of Saint John of Jerusalem in England
334:, the besieged capitulated on 12 July 1191.
1071:
991:Richard the Lionheart: the Mighty Crusader
29:
18:
1113:Grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller
957:God's War: A New History of the Crusades
1085:Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
842:The Routledge Companion to the Crusades
467:
222:(1147 – 31 August 1192), also known as
62:Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
591:
581:
553:
551:
1058:Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem
530:A History of the Crusades: Volume II.
7:
743:Flavigny, Bertrand Galimard (2006).
474:
1068:New York: Robert Appleton Company.
14:
1053:. Museum of the Order of St John.
447:List of Knights Hospitaller sites
215:Coat of arms of Garnier de Nablus
946:. University of Wisconsin Press.
457:Flags of the Knights Hospitaller
280:Prior of the Langue d'Angleterre
157:
1123:Christians of the Third Crusade
922:. Cambridge University Press.
672:. Cambridge University Press.
543:The Crusades – An Encyclopedia
234:from 1190 to 1192, succeeding
1:
486:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "
44:
871:The Crusades—An Encyclopedia
773:Josserand, Philippe (2009).
745:Histoire de l'ordre de Malte
452:Langue (Knights Hospitaller)
308:Grand Master of the Templars
818:Lewis, Kevin James (2017).
1154:
1051:Seals of the Grand Masters
709:Delaville Le Roulx, Joseph
687:Bronstein, Judith (2005).
616:(in French). 19 March 2013
36:Garnier de Napoli de Sirie
1091:
1082:
1074:
1040:. French Knowledge (XXG).
1034:. French Knowledge (XXG).
979:Vann, Theresa M. (2006).
943:A History of the Crusades
524:Painter, Sidney (1977). "
368:Itinerarium Regis Ricardi
205:
102:
67:
55:
28:
898:. Boydell & Brewer.
868:Murray, Alan V. (2006).
722:Demurger, Alain (2013).
895:The Knights Hospitaller
513:Delaville Le Roulx 1904
492:Encyclopædia Britannica
988:Miller, David (2013).
762:Harot, Eugène (1911).
574:. 2001. Archived from
378:
254:. He was succeeded by
216:
1062:Catholic Encyclopedia
981:Order of the Hospital
851:10.4324/9780203389638
728:. Tallandier, Paris.
385:Later years and death
373:
214:
170:Years of service
952:Tyerman, Christopher
839:Lock, Peter (2006).
768:. Collegio araldico.
394:is in January 1193.
345:under the orders of
296:Richard I of England
122:Kingdom of Jerusalem
1118:Knights Hospitaller
1032:Garnier de Naplouse
890:Nicholson, Helen J.
795:Lane-Poole, Stanley
717:. E. Leroux, Paris.
641:. 28 September 2013
515:, pp. 105–116.
426:Heroes and Villains
272:Langue d'Angleterre
242:in 1191 during the
238:. He fought at the
232:Knights Hospitaller
164:Knights Hospitaller
1095:Geoffroy de Donjon
998:. pp. 76–77.
938:Setton, Kenneth M.
528:.". In Setton, K.
402:In the video game
398:In popular culture
392:Geoffroy de Donjon
304:Robert IV de Sablé
256:Geoffroy de Donjon
217:
97:Geoffroy de Donjon
41:Jean-François Cars
1101:
1100:
1092:Succeeded by
1056:Charles Moeller,
971:978-0-674-02387-1
881:978-1-57607-862-4
831:978-1-4724-5890-2
779:. Fayard, Paris.
747:. Perrin, Paris.
693:. Boydell Press.
220:Garnier de Nablus
209:
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142:Ayyubid Sultanate
135:(aged 44–45)
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226:, was the tenth
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1128:1192 deaths
996:Hachette UK
639:VentureBeat
592:|work=
412:instead of
361:during the
80:Preceded by
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1107:Categories
645:2021-04-04
620:2021-04-04
532:pp. 45-86.
463:References
390:successor
153:Allegiance
594:ignored (
584:cite book
475:Vann 2006
343:Poitevins
262:Biography
173:1173–1192
74:1190–1192
70:In office
60:10th
1064:(1910).
954:(2006).
940:(1969).
916:(1952).
892:(2001).
797:(1898).
711:(1904).
666:(2012).
434:See also
410:Naplouse
376:further?
332:Saladin
320:Lemesos
291:Ascalon
230:of the
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252:Acre
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138:Acre
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