218:), leaving the bomb itself outside the barrel. A white calico tail was affixed to the bomb to improve the accuracy of its flight. With the barrel affixed to the base the only means of traversing was to turn the entire unit. Since the barrel was fixed at a 45-degree angle, the mortar was already set up to fire the grenade the maximum theoretical distance for a ballistic projectile. To change the range the entire mortar had to be raised vertically, typically by propping it up on a box. Raising only the front of the mortar so the barrel was at an angle greater than 45 degrees would reduce the distance travelled by launching the grenade into a higher trajectory more typical of a mortar. Raising the back would also reduce the distance travelled by launching the grenade into a flatter trajectory more typical of a cannon. A spotter was able to track the progress of the bomb during daylight by watching for the shaft revolving in the air and at night the sparks from the bomb's fuse marked its progress.
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with a steel shaft affixed. However the
Australian War Museum holds an example of a more complex bomb with a three ounce gelignite charge and an impact detonation mechanism, mounted on a wooden shaft. This latter type of grenade could also be modified to be thrown by hand.
201:
in Egypt. The weapon was of straightforward construction, comprising a plain, smoothbore, tempered steel barrel of 65 mm calibre fitted at a fixed 45-degree angle to a solid wooden base. There are references to the bombs themselves being variants of the improvised
265:
used in the charge. The same source also stated that the quantity of propellant specified was insufficient and had been increased by two drams to throw the charge the required distance. Nevertheless, the mortar was reported to have done "good work" in the trenches.
181:, it was the most numerous mortar of the Gallipoli Campaign. A simple, improvised design, the Garland mortar consisted of a smoothbore steel barrel fixed at 45 degrees to a solid wooden base. By means of a powder charge it propelled a variant of the
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185:. Its design meant that the whole weapon had to be turned to change its traverse and raised on a box to increase its range but despite these limitations it was reported to have done "good work" in the front line.
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At least one batch of bombs consistently failed to detonate, according to a report from the front line. The problem was blamed on the
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A Garland trench mortar recovered from
Gallipoli in 1919 and now in the collection of the
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The shaft protruded down the barrel of the mortar to the charge (of 5
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was an improvised mortar used by
Australian and British forces at
564:
The Fifth
Battalion Highland Light Infantry in the War 1914-1918
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242:. Several Australian units had them in service as well as the
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The
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914-1918 ...
460:"Garland trench mortar grenade : The Nek, Gallipoli"
445:
The
Official history of Australia in the War of 1914-1918
351:"Private Papers Major H Garland MBE MC (Documents.12477)"
598:
The
Suffolk Regiment: the history of the 1/5th battalion
415:
ANZAC Infantryman 1914-15: From New Guinea to
Gallipoli
385:
ANZAC Infantryman 1914-15: From New Guinea to
Gallipoli
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File:Ideal projectile motion for different angles.svg
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Anzac and empire: the tragedy and glory of
Gallipoli
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548:"Garland Trench Mortar : Lone Pine, Gallipoli"
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567:. Glasgow: MacLehose, Jackson and Co. p. 19.
495:Angus & Robertson Limited. 1935. p. 288.
173:of 1915–16. Developed early in the war by
1164:1.59-inch breech-loading Vickers Q.F. gun, Mk II
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294:A Garland mortar in a trench with men of the
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1619:World War I infantry weapons of Australia
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269:There is an example of the weapon in the
258:having seven in service by October 1915.
584:. G.T. Cheshire & Sons. p. 112.
530:Military Operations: Gallipoli, Volume 2
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197:, superintendent of laboratories at the
843:Nos. 3, 20, 24, 35 Hales rifle grenades
702:Short Magazine Lee–Enfield (SMLE) rifle
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309:A Garland mortar in firing position at
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764:Pattern 1897 infantry officer's sword
232:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
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1609:World War I British infantry weapons
1447:Livens Large Gallery Flame Projector
601:. Eyre and Spottiswoode. p. 30.
273:, Canberra, that was recovered from
448:. Angus and Robertson. p. 288.
14:
533:. W. Heinemann. 1932. p. 13.
506:Range of a projectile#Derivations
479:. State Library, New South Wales.
418:. Osprey Publishing. p. 28.
388:. Osprey Publishing. p. 30.
324:A Garland mortar operated by the
697:Magazine Lee-Enfield (MLE) rifle
317:
302:
287:
29:
1543:BL 9.2-inch Mk IX – X naval gun
1301:BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII
731:Webley .455" Revolver Mk. IV–VI
595:Fair, A.; Wolton, E.D. (1923).
1533:QF 4-inch naval gun Mk I – III
746:Smith & Wesson Triple Lock
277:, Gallipoli, in January 1919.
1:
1380:QF 3.7-inch mountain howitzer
1470:QF 2-pounder "pom-pom" Mk II
1317:BL 7.5-inch Mk III naval gun
193:The mortar was developed by
1576:BL 12-inch railway howitzer
1296:BL 8-inch howitzer Mk I – V
412:Summer, Ian (24 May 2011).
382:Summer, Ian (24 May 2011).
1640:
1538:BL 6-inch Mk VII naval gun
1432:Smoke and chemical weapons
1365:BL 10-pounder mountain gun
1327:BL 9.2-inch Mk X naval gun
774:Pattern 1908 cavalry sword
550:. Australian War Memorial.
462:. Australian War Memorial.
1375:QF 2.95-inch mountain gun
1370:BL 2.75-inch mountain gun
1360:RML 2.5-inch mountain gun
1337:BL 12-inch Mk X naval gun
1291:BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer
1286:BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer
736:Webley .455" Pistol Mk. I
55:Place of origin
28:
1408:Vickers 1.57-inch mortar
1004:Vickers 1.57-inch mortar
612:Robertson, John (1990).
1566:BL 9.2-inch railway gun
618:. Cooper. p. 105.
561:Morrison, F.L. (1921).
271:Australian War Memorial
248:Worcestershire Regiment
244:Highland Light Infantry
37:Australian War Memorial
1581:BL 14-inch railway gun
1571:BL 12-inch railway gun
1423:9.45-inch Heavy Mortar
1141:QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss
578:Stacke, Harry (1928).
442:Bean, Charles (1935).
23:Garland trench mortar
1398:Garland trench mortar
1037:Leach trench catapult
1014:Garland trench mortar
163:Garland trench mortar
1528:QF 12-pounder 12 cwt
1480:QF 12-pounder 12 cwt
1465:QF 1-pounder pom-pom
1438:4-inch Stokes Mortar
1418:Newton 6-inch mortar
1413:2-inch medium mortar
1403:3-inch Stokes mortar
1322:BL 9.2-inch howitzer
1281:BL 6-inch gun Mk XIX
1276:BL 6-inch gun Mk VII
1271:BLC 6-inch siege gun
1261:BL 5.4-inch howitzer
1232:QF 4.5-inch howitzer
1227:BL 4-inch gun Mk VII
1222:QF 4-inch gun Mk III
1192:QF 12-pounder 18 cwt
1136:QF 3-pounder Vickers
1019:3-inch Stokes mortar
1009:2-inch medium mortar
965:No. 32 "Spherical E"
779:Pattern 1913 bayonet
769:Pattern 1907 bayonet
707:Pattern 1914 Enfield
236:Dardanelles Campaign
171:Dardanelles Campaign
1495:QF 13-pounder 9 cwt
1490:QF 13-pounder Mk IV
1485:QF 13-pounder 6 cwt
1342:BL 15-inch howitzer
1332:BL 12-inch howitzer
1187:QF 12-pounder 8 cwt
1182:BL 12-pounder 6 cwt
960:No. 32 Night Signal
802:Vickers machine gun
355:Imperial War Museum
230:, commander of the
1457:Anti-aircraft guns
1352:Mountain artillery
1256:BL 5-inch howitzer
1146:QF 6-pounder 6 cwt
919:No. 21 "Spherical"
674:small arms of the
88:Production history
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1266:BL 60-pounder gun
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955:No. 31 Day Signal
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395:9781849083287
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368:
356:
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305:
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297:
296:6th battalion
290:
285:
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276:
272:
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208:
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199:Cairo Citadel
196:
188:
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180:
179:Cairo Citadel
176:
172:
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154:
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107:Cairo Citadel
105:
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70:
66:
61:
57:
53:
50:
49:Trench mortar
47:
43:
38:
32:
27:
20:
16:Trench mortar
1591:
1558:Railway guns
1475:75 mm AA gun
1397:
1065:.303 British
1013:
984:
971:
933:
925:
902:
894:
886:
878:
870:
862:
849:
836:
789:Machine guns
614:
607:
597:
590:
580:
573:
563:
556:
529:
523:
512:
501:
491:
485:
454:
444:
414:
384:
358:. Retrieved
328:at Gallipoli
311:Quinn's Post
268:
260:
256:1st Division
225:
209:
192:
162:
160:
145:Fixed at 45°
103:Manufacturer
68:Used by
1070:.455 Webley
692:Lee–Metford
169:during the
82:World War I
1598:Categories
1548:RML 9-inch
1057:Cartridges
1047:Sauterelle
950:No. 29 Gas
861:Nos. 8, 9
713:Ross Rifle
334:References
222:In service
39:, Canberra
1115:artillery
903:Opera hat
812:Lewis gun
797:Maxim gun
275:Lone Pine
240:Gallipoli
167:Gallipoli
141:Elevation
73:Australia
934:Sangster
723:Sidearms
360:29 March
263:gelatine
226:General
151:Traverse
93:Designer
1390:Mortars
1117:of the
996:Mortars
983:No. 39
970:No. 34
932:No. 25
924:No. 22
901:No. 17
893:No. 16
885:No. 15
879:Pitcher
877:No. 14
869:No. 13
863:Jam Tin
281:Gallery
131:Calibre
978:No. 37
940:No. 27
914:No. 19
909:No. 18
871:Battye
835:No. 2
684:Rifles
622:
422:
392:
189:Design
856:No. 6
850:Mills
830:No. 1
709:rifle
212:drams
119:Shell
1129:guns
895:Oval
887:Ball
620:ISBN
420:ISBN
390:ISBN
362:2014
250:and
161:The
155:None
135:65mm
78:Wars
45:Type
972:Egg
214:of
1600::
539:^
468:^
434:^
404:^
370:^
353:.
342:^
246:,
1104:e
1097:t
1090:v
664:e
657:t
650:v
628:.
428:.
398:.
364:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
