265:
261:. Dissension broke out between the Catalans and the partisans of the countess, who accused Nuño of attempting to supplant his nephew in the county. The Provençal aristocracy originally took advantage of the situation for their own ambitious ends, but eventually they lined up behind Garsenda and removed Nuño, who returned to Catalonia. The regency was passed to Garsenda and a regency council was established consisting of the native nobles.
213:. She was named after her mother, who was the heiress of William IV, but predeceased him. Garsenda therefore inherited Forcalquier from her grandfather. She was only thirteen years of age when, in 1193, her grandfather William IV and Alfonso II signed the Treaty of Aix whereby Garsenda would inherit William's county and would marry Alfonso, who was in line to become Count of Provence. The marriage took place at
347:
333:
repeats the rumour (probably unfounded) that he was the countess' lover. Gui, however, was at the Provençal court between 1200 and 1209, pushing the date of the exchange forward a bit. Elias de
Barjols apparently "fell in love" with her as a widow and wrote songs about her "for the rest of his life",
377:, was engaged in a war in France at the time, she brought sixty knights to his service. Garsenda may have been alive as late as 1257, when a certain woman of that name made a donation to a church of St-Jean on the condition that three priests be kept to pray for her soul and that of her husband.
53:
325:. In the poem the countess declares her love for her interlocutor, who then responds courteously but carefully. Under some interpretations the troubadour is
845:
840:
835:
830:
850:
802:
218:
108:
870:
279:
It was probably during her regency (1209/1213 – 1217/1220) that
Garsenda became the focus of a literary circle of poets, though the
226:
860:
855:
362:, Bermond le Cornu. By 1217 or 1220 Garsenda had finally ceded Forcalquier to her son and handed over the reins of government.
238:
865:
754:
718:
653:
634:
613:
Iconographie des sceaux et bulles conservés dans la partie antérieur à 1790 des archives départementales des
Bouches-du-Rhone
885:
875:
791:
166:
96:
354:
In 1220, Guillaume II de Sabran, a nephew of
William IV, who claimed Forcalquier and had been in revolt in the region of
825:
281:
162:
39:
775:
250:
210:
142:
880:
222:
170:
43:
237:
In 1209, both
William IV and Alfonso died and Garsenda became the natural guardian of their son and heir,
173:
in her own right from 1209, which was subsequently united with that of
Provence. She was also a patron of
193:. She was, in the words of her most recent editors, "one of the most powerful women in Occitan history".
820:
782:
374:
890:
370:
697:
272:
242:
174:
729:
321:, that preserve them. It cannot be known therefore who spoke first, but the woman's half begins
258:
750:
714:
649:
630:
359:
103:
664:
689:
326:
286:
132:
264:
254:
214:
206:
154:
122:
607:
58:
17:
669:
Memòries de la Reial Acadèmia
Mallorquina d'Estudis Genealògics, Herà ldics i Històrics
814:
701:
623:
366:
271:
of the Sabran family, as used by
William and Rostaing, hereditary constables of the
346:
335:
268:
182:
313:
of the exchange are found in two different orders in the two chansonniers, called
611:
300:
693:
186:
178:
369:
around 1225. In 1242, she went to visit her newly born great-granddaughter,
355:
202:
117:
680:
Constable, Giles (1957). "The
Disputed Election at Langres in 1138".
665:"FiliaciĂłn de los Montcada que asistieron a la conquista de Mallorca"
309:
246:
201:
Garsenda was the daughter of Rainou (or RĂ©nier), lord of Caylar and
52:
345:
291:
263:
644:
Bruckner, Matilda
Tomaryn; Shepard, Laurie; White, Sarah (1995).
373:, and her parents in Bordeaux. As the father of infant Beatrice,
734:
BoletĂn de la Real Academia de Buenas Letras de Barcelona
747:
Medieval Catalan Noble Family: The Montcadas, 1000–1230
358:, was neutralised in part through the mediation of the
253:, but when Peter died in 1213 Sancho became regent of
57:
Garsenda as she appears on her seal, from drawing by
488:
467:
her true will, lest those around her think her base.
338:
also praised her renowned patronage of troubadours.
138:
128:
116:
102:
92:
79:
66:
32:
622:
461:and you'll do both of us great harm if you refuse.
455:Still, in the long run it's you who stands to lose
350:Tomb of Garsenda of Forcalquier, Abbey of La Celle
730:"La casa de Montcada en el Vizcondado de Bearn"
257:and passed Provence and Forcalquier to his son
458:if you're not brave enough to state your case,
217:in July 1193. They had at least two children,
713:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
524:
8:
512:
289:refers to his patron as Alfonso. There is a
401:e platz me molt quar vos destreing m'amors,
764:
112:Garsenda of Provence, Viscountess of BĂ©arn
29:
548:
539:, p. 56, nos. 1 & 2 (plate 28).
536:
500:
481:
391:Vos que.m semblatz dels corals amadors,
307:, and an anonymous troubadour. The two
225:, and bore him two children, including
396:ja non volgra que fossetz tan doptanz;
616:. Vol. 1. Paris: J.-B. Dumoulin.
589:
431:tot so qu'il vol per paor de faillir.
421:e faitz a vos ez a mi gran dampnatge;
365:Garsenda retired to the monastery of
323:Vos q'em semblatz dels corals amadors
7:
416:quar no.us ausatz de preiar enardir,
577:
452:otherwise I'd be the one to suffer.
442:I wish you wouldn't be so hesitant;
406:qu'atressi sui eu per vos malananz.
749:. University of California Press.
489:Bruckner, Shepard & White 1995
411:Ez avetz dan en vostre vulpillatge
161:; c. 1180 – c. 1242/1257) was the
25:
846:13th-century French women writers
439:You're so well-suited as a lover,
648:. New York: Garland Publishing.
426:que ges dompna no ausa descobrir
241:. Initially her brother-in-law,
51:
841:13th-century countesses consort
836:13th-century countesses regnant
831:13th-century French troubadours
464:For a lady doesn't dare uncover
299:(good lady), identified in one
728:Miret i Sans, Joaquim (1902).
646:Songs of the Women Troubadours
334:until he entered a monastery.
1:
787:7 October 1209 – 1217 or 1220
663:Cirera i Prim, Jaume (1954).
227:Gaston VII, Viscount of BĂ©arn
97:Alfonso II, Count of Provence
83:
70:
851:13th-century women composers
209:, and Garsenda, daughter of
629:. Scarborough: Paddington.
445:but I'm glad my love makes
249:of Provence to his brother
907:
871:13th-century women regents
745:Shideler, John C. (1983).
221:and Garsenda, who married
799:
780:
772:
767:
694:10.1017/S0362152900007947
342:Retirement and later life
211:William IV of Forcalquier
185:and is counted among the
181:, and herself wrote some
143:Garsenda I of Forcalquier
50:
37:
223:Guillermo II de Montcada
783:Countess of Forcalquier
709:Cox, Eugene L. (1974).
197:Early life and marriage
171:Countess of Forcalquier
44:Countess of Forcalquier
18:Garsenda of Forcalquier
861:Countesses of Provence
856:13th-century composers
351:
305:la contessa de Proessa
276:
158:
866:Counts of Forcalquier
625:The Women Troubadours
349:
267:
233:Regency and patronage
886:Medieval women poets
876:13th-century regents
375:Henry III of England
163:Countess of Provence
40:Countess of Provence
27:Countess of Provence
826:13th-century deaths
711:The Eagles of Savoy
621:Bogin, Meg (1976).
371:Beatrice of England
275:(late 12th century)
239:Raymond Berengar IV
219:Raymond Berengar IV
191:Garsenda de Proensa
803:Ramon Berenguer IV
592:, pp. 108–09.
560:Variously spelled
525:Cirera i Prim 1954
352:
277:
273:County of Toulouse
243:Peter II of Aragon
175:Occitan literature
169:from 1193 and the
109:Ramon Berenguer IV
809:
808:
800:Succeeded by
513:Miret i Sans 1902
473:
472:
360:Archbishop of Aix
177:, especially the
148:
147:
16:(Redirected from
898:
773:Preceded by
765:
760:
741:
724:
705:
676:
659:
640:
628:
617:
593:
587:
581:
575:
569:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
385:
384:
327:Gui de Cavaillon
287:Elias de Barjols
133:Rainou of Sabran
88:
87: 1242/1257
85:
75:
72:
55:
30:
21:
906:
905:
901:
900:
899:
897:
896:
895:
881:House of Sabran
811:
810:
805:
788:
786:
778:
763:
757:
744:
727:
721:
708:
679:
662:
656:
643:
637:
620:
608:Blancard, Louis
606:
602:
597:
596:
588:
584:
576:
572:
559:
555:
547:
543:
535:
531:
523:
519:
511:
507:
499:
495:
487:
483:
478:
383:
344:
245:, assigned the
235:
215:Aix-en-Provence
207:House of Sabran
199:
165:as the wife of
111:
86:
73:
62:
42:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
904:
902:
894:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
813:
812:
807:
806:
801:
798:
779:
774:
770:
769:
768:Regnal titles
762:
761:
755:
742:
725:
719:
706:
677:
675:(1–4): 101–12.
660:
654:
641:
635:
618:
603:
601:
598:
595:
594:
582:
580:, p. 118.
570:
553:
551:, p. 150.
549:Constable 1957
541:
529:
527:, p. 102.
517:
515:, p. 281.
505:
503:, p. 192.
493:
491:, p. 163.
480:
479:
477:
474:
471:
470:
469:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
443:
440:
435:
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433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
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403:
398:
393:
382:
379:
343:
340:
234:
231:
198:
195:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
114:
113:
106:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
81:
77:
76:
68:
64:
63:
59:Louis Blancard
56:
48:
47:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
903:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
818:
816:
804:
797:
794:
793:
785:
784:
777:
771:
766:
758:
752:
748:
743:
740:(6): 280–303.
739:
735:
731:
726:
722:
716:
712:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
661:
657:
651:
647:
642:
638:
632:
627:
626:
619:
615:
614:
609:
605:
604:
599:
591:
586:
583:
579:
574:
571:
567:
563:
557:
554:
550:
545:
542:
538:
537:Blancard 1860
533:
530:
526:
521:
518:
514:
509:
506:
502:
501:Shideler 1983
497:
494:
490:
485:
482:
475:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
449:the penitent,
448:
444:
441:
438:
437:
436:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
387:
386:
380:
378:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
348:
341:
339:
337:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:
288:
284:
283:
274:
270:
266:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
196:
194:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
144:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
119:
115:
110:
107:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
82:
78:
69:
65:
60:
54:
49:
46:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
821:1180s births
795:
789:
781:
746:
737:
733:
710:
685:
681:
672:
668:
645:
624:
612:
585:
573:
565:
561:
556:
544:
532:
520:
508:
496:
484:
446:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
364:
353:
336:Raimon Vidal
330:
322:
318:
314:
308:
304:
296:
290:
280:
278:
269:Coat of arms
259:Nuño Sánchez
236:
200:
190:
183:lyric poetry
150:
149:
38:
301:chansonnier
297:bona dompna
179:troubadours
74: 1180
891:Trobairitz
815:Categories
776:William IV
756:0520045785
720:0691052166
688:: 119–52.
655:0815308175
636:0846701138
590:Bogin 1976
295:between a
187:trobairitz
167:Alfonso II
792:Alfonso I
702:151663893
682:Traditio
610:(1860).
578:Cox 1974
562:comtessa
367:La Celle
356:Sisteron
329:, whose
159:Garsende
151:Garsenda
33:Garsenda
600:Sources
566:contesa
247:regency
205:of the
203:Ansouis
796:(1209)
753:
717:
700:
652:
633:
381:Poetry
310:coblas
255:Aragon
251:Sancho
155:French
139:Mother
129:Father
123:Sabran
93:Spouse
61:(1860)
790:with
698:S2CID
476:Notes
292:tenso
118:House
104:Issue
751:ISBN
715:ISBN
650:ISBN
631:ISBN
331:vida
317:and
282:vida
80:Died
67:Born
690:doi
564:or
447:you
303:as
285:of
189:as
817::
736:.
732:.
696:.
686:13
684:.
671:.
667:.
229:.
157::
84:c.
71:c.
759:.
738:1
723:.
704:.
692::
673:2
658:.
639:.
568:.
319:T
315:F
153:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
